Dear Editor,This letter presents an improved repetitive controller(IRC) that uses a complex-coefficient filter to enhance the tracking performance of a system for periodic signals. Compared with the low-pass filter us...Dear Editor,This letter presents an improved repetitive controller(IRC) that uses a complex-coefficient filter to enhance the tracking performance of a system for periodic signals. Compared with the low-pass filter used in the conventional repetitive controller(CRC), the complex-coefficient filter causes less change in the phase and amplitude of a signal at the frequencies of the periodic signal, especially at the fundamental frequency, when the two filters have the same cutofffrequency.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neur...Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients incapacitated.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological conditions.Over the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and connectivity.It has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological insult.However,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of studies.This study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated mechanisms.This review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Apoptotic mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also highlighted.Finally,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.展开更多
Scintillator is a key material for the development of X-ray detectors,which has a promising application in medical imaging,security inspection and industrial non-injury detection.The majority of scintillators currentl...Scintillator is a key material for the development of X-ray detectors,which has a promising application in medical imaging,security inspection and industrial non-injury detection.The majority of scintillators currently used in imaging are real-time imaging scintillators,which can cause ionization radiation damage to biological subjects or detection equipment during the imaging process and require complex,highly sensitive detection systems.Therefore,exploring stable,environmentally friendly scintillator materials that can achieve delayed imaging is of significance in the field of imaging.Herein,we devel-oped an X-ray time-lapse imaging scintillator,Sr_(2)Al_(6)O_(11):Dy^(3+)phosphor,which generates stable traps by X-ray irradiation,thus endowing it with excellent persistent luminescence and information storage properties(>42 d).Moreover,traps constructed by X-ray can be repeatedly refilled(>40 times)under UV light and carriers are released in theform of mechanical or thermal excitation when refilling is complete.By constructing the traps in the phosphor during X-ray excitation and using it for repetitive imaging,the detection limit is 74.78 nGy/s,and the spatial imaging resolution is as high as 16 lp/mm.This discovery providesa new idea for the development oftime-delayed X-ray scintillator.展开更多
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing in...BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing introduced TMS in 2015.In practical applications,it has been found that different models of instruments and technical parameters can lead to differences in therapeutic efficacy.Therefore,our hospital selected the Danish TMS instrument,which ranks second in China,to test patients with schizophrenia from March 2021 to July 2021,with a focus on comparing the results at 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 15 Hz.The testing time is concentrated between 8:30 to 10:30 in the morning.A contingency plan was made for the quality after inspection before testing.Two evaluators independently control the quality of the contingency plan.The data is independently saved and proofread by two evaluators.The purpose of this study is to translate the research results into clinical practice and provide reference basis.AIM To investigate the effects of rehabilitation therapy using rTMS on the negative symptoms and event-related potential component of P300 in chronic schizophrenia.METHODS One hundred and five patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly allocated to three groups based on the frequency of rTMS(5,10,or 15 Hz).The patients underwent five sessions of rTMS per week for 5 weeks.We compared the pre-and post-treatment P300 latency and scores for the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS).RESULTS A significant decrease in SANS score after rTMS was observed in the 10-Hz group(P<0.05),which was not observed in the 5-Hz and 15-Hz groups.There was a significant increase in P300 amplitude in the 10-Hz group after rTMS treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in P300 latency(P>0.05).The improvement of SANS score in the 10-Hz rTMS group was related to patient age and disease course.CONCLUSION rTMS at 10 Hz improved negative symptoms and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia;however,further studies on the mechanism of action are required to validate our observations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To i...BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)in patients with MCI.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 180 patients with MCI who were admitted to The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023.Participants were allocated into the research(n=98,receiving rTMS)and control groups(n=82,receiving sham stimulation).Memory tests,cognitive function assessments,event-related potential–P300 tests,and electroencephalogram(EEG)examinations were conducted pre-treatment and post-treatment.Further,memory quotient(MQ),cognitive function scores,and EEG grading results were compared,along with adverse reaction incidences.RESULTS Pre-treatment MQ scores,long-term and short-term memory,as well as immediate memory scores,demonstrated no notable differences between the groups.Post-treatment,the research group exhibited significant increases in MQ scores,long-term memory,and short-term memory compared to baseline(P<0.05),with these improvements being statistically superior to those in the control group.However,immediate memory scores exhibited no significant change(P>0.05).Further,the research group demonstrated statistically better post-treatment scores on the Revised Wechsler Memory Scale than the control group.Furthermore,post-treatment P300 latency and amplitude improved significantly in the research group,surpassing the control group.EEG grading in the research group improved,and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than in the control group.CONCLUSION Patients with MCI receiving rTMS therapy demonstrated improved memory and cognitive functions and EEG grading and exhibited high safety with fewer adverse reactions.展开更多
One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly int...One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly into inclusive educational settings,thereby hindering their social adaptation and overall development.This study adopted a single-case design focusing on a first-grade student with autism enrolled in a mainstream class at Xiangxue Primary School,Huangpu District,Guangzhou.Functional behavior assessment was conducted to systematically observe and analyze the student’s repetitive motor behaviors in class,on the basis of which an intervention plan was developed and implemented.The intervention incorporated antecedent control,replacement behavior training,and consequence management,supplemented by collaboration between school and family.The findings indicated that the frequency of repetitive motor behaviors decreased significantly after the intervention,while the student demonstrated improved classroom participation and peer interaction;these positive effects were maintained during the follow-up phase.The study suggests that in inclusive education settings,interventions guided by functional behavior assessment can effectively reduce problem behaviors in children with autism and enhance their classroom engagement and learning adaptability.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long...Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long-term ocular hypertension,high myopia,older age,arterial sclerosis,and aphakia have been reported as preoperative risk factors for developing SEH^([1]).The prognosis for the visual acuity is poor without proper management.A suggested time for surgical drainage is said to be 10-14d when the hemorrhagic clot begins to liquefy^([2]).展开更多
A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of th...A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a sign...Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a significant proportion of patients with MCI progress to dementia.However,current pharmacological treatments are characterized by side effects and poor patient compliance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective,noninvasive alternative treatments.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is becoming a widely studied noninvasive treatment for central nervous system disease.The therapeutic effects of rTMS on patients with MCI and its underlying mechanism are noteworthy issues.Recently,a growing number of studies have shown that meningeal lymphatic vessel damage may be related to cognitive dysfunction.Whether the improvement of the meningeal lymphatic system is an important mechanism through which rTMS improves the clinical manifestations of MCI is worthy of further study.展开更多
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been increasingly studied in different neurological diseases,and although most studies focus on its effects on neuronal cells,the contribution of nonneuronal cells to t...Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been increasingly studied in different neurological diseases,and although most studies focus on its effects on neuronal cells,the contribution of nonneuronal cells to the improvement trigge red by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in these diseases has been increasingly suggested.To systematically review the effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells two online databases.Web of Science and PubMed were searched fo r the effects of high-frequency-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequencyrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta-bu rst stimulation,continuous thetaburst stimulation,or repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells in models of disease and in unlesioned animals or cells.A total of 52 studies were included.The protocol more frequently used was high-frequency-repetitive magnetic stimulation,and in models of disease,most studies report that high-frequency-repetitive magnetic stimulation led to a decrease in astrocyte and mic roglial reactivity,a decrease in the release of pro-inflammatory cyto kines,and an increase of oligodendrocyte proliferation.The trend towards decreased microglial and astrocyte reactivity as well as increased oligodendrocyte proliferation occurred with intermittent theta-burst stimulation and continuous theta-burst stimulation.Few papers analyzed the low-frequency-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol,and the parameters evaluated were restricted to the study of astrocyte reactivity and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines,repo rting the absence of effects on these paramete rs.In what concerns the use of magnetic stimulation in unlesioned animals or cells,most articles on all four types of stimulation reported a lack of effects.It is also important to point out that the studies were developed mostly in male rodents,not evaluating possible diffe rential effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation between sexes.This systematic review supports that thro ugh modulation of glial cells repetitive magnetic stimulation contributes to the neuroprotection or repair in various neurological disease models.Howeve r,it should be noted that there are still few articles focusing on the impact of repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells and most studies did not perform in-depth analyses of the effects,emphasizing the need for more studies in this field.展开更多
Prolife ration of neural stem cells is crucial for promoting neuronal regeneration and repairing cerebral infarction damage.Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has recently emerged as a tool for inducing endogenous ...Prolife ration of neural stem cells is crucial for promoting neuronal regeneration and repairing cerebral infarction damage.Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has recently emerged as a tool for inducing endogenous neural stem cell regeneration,but its underlying mechanisms remain unclea r In this study,we found that repetitive TMS effectively promotes the proliferation of oxygen-glucose deprived neural stem cells.Additionally,repetitive TMS reduced the volume of cerebral infa rction in a rat model of ischemic stro ke caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion,im p roved rat cognitive function,and promoted the proliferation of neural stem cells in the ischemic penumbra.RNA-sequencing found that repetitive TMS activated the Wnt signaling pathway in the ischemic penumbra of rats with cerebral ischemia.Furthermore,PCR analysis revealed that repetitive TMS promoted AKT phosphorylation,leading to an increase in mRNA levels of cell cycle-related proteins such as Cdk2 and Cdk4.This effect was also associated with activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway,which ultimately promotes the prolife ration of neural stem cells.Subsequently,we validated the effect of repetitive TMS on AKT phosphorylation.We found that repetitive TMS promoted Ca2+influx into neural stem cells by activating the P2 calcium channel/calmodulin pathway,thereby promoting AKT phosphorylation and activating the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin pathway.These findings indicate that repetitive TMS can promote the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells through a Ca2+influx-dependent phosphorylated AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.This study has produced pioneering res ults on the intrinsic mechanism of repetitive TMS to promote neural function recove ry after ischemic stro ke.These results provide a stro ng scientific foundation for the clinical application of repetitive TMS.Moreover,repetitive TMS treatment may not only be an efficient and potential approach to support neurogenesis for further therapeutic applications,but also provide an effective platform for the expansion of neural stem cells.展开更多
We previously reported that miR-124-3p is markedly upregulated in microglia-derived exosomes following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.However,its impact on neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress following repet...We previously reported that miR-124-3p is markedly upregulated in microglia-derived exosomes following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.However,its impact on neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury remains unclear.In this study,we first used an HT22 scratch injury model to mimic traumatic brain injury,then co-cultured the HT22 cells with BV2 microglia expressing high levels of miR-124-3p.We found that exosomes containing high levels of miR-124-3p attenuated apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress.Furthermore,luciferase reporter assay analysis confirmed that miR-124-3p bound specifically to the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein IRE1α,while an IRE1αfunctional salvage experiment confirmed that miR-124-3p targeted IRE1αand reduced its expression,thereby inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in injured neurons.Finally,we delivered microglia-derived exosomes containing miR-124-3p intranasally to a mouse model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and found that endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis levels in hippocampal neurons were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that,after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury,miR-124-3 can be transferred from microglia-derived exosomes to injured neurons,where it exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.Therefore,microglia-derived exosomes containing miR-124-3p may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease(AD),characterized by the ongoing deterioration of neural function,often presents alongside depressive features and greatly affects the quality of life of individuals living with the ...BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease(AD),characterized by the ongoing deterioration of neural function,often presents alongside depressive features and greatly affects the quality of life of individuals living with the condition.Although several treatment methods exist,their efficacy is limited.In recent years,repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)utilizing the theta burst stimulation(TBS)mode,specifically the intermittent TBS(iTBS),has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in the management of neuropsychiatric disorders.AIM To examine the therapeutic efficacy of iTBS mode of rTMS for treating depressive symptoms in patients with AD.METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 105 individuals diagnosed with AD with depressive symptoms at Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital,affiliated with Huzhou University,between January 2020 and December 2023.Participants received standard pharmacological interventions and were categorized into control(n=53)and observation(n=52)groups based on treatment protocols.The observation group received iTBS mode of rTMS,while the control group received pseudo-stimulation.A comparative analysis evaluated psychological well-being,adverse events,and therapeutic at initiation of hospitalization(T0)and 15 days post-treatment(T1).RESULTS At T1,both groups exhibited a marked reduction in self-rating depression scale and Hamilton depression scale scores compared to T0.Furthermore,the observa-tion group showed a more pronounced decrease than the control group.By T1,the Mini-mental state examination scores for both groups had increased markedly from their initial T0 assessments.Importantly,the increase was particularly more substantial in the observation group than in the control group.Fourteen patients in the control group had ineffective treatment effects,while five patients in the observation group experienced the same.Additionally,the observation group experienced a substantially reduced incidence of ineffective treatment as compared to the control group(both P<0.05);there were no recorded serious adverse events in either group.CONCLUSION The iTBS model of rTMS effectively treated AD with depression,improving depressive symptoms and cognitive function in patients without serious adverse reactions,warranting clinical consideration.展开更多
This editorial assesses the advancements in neuronavigation enhanced repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depressive disorder and schizophrenia treatment.Conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimu...This editorial assesses the advancements in neuronavigation enhanced repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depressive disorder and schizophrenia treatment.Conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation faces challenges due to the intricacies of brain anatomy and patient variability.Neuronavigation offers innovative solutions by integrating neuroimaging with three-dimensional localization to pinpoint brain regions and refine therapeutic targeting.This systematic review of recent literature underscores the enhanced efficacy of neuronavigation in improving treatment outcomes for these disorders.This editorial highlights the pivotal role of neuronavigation in advancing psychiatric care.展开更多
Although the internal stress state of soils can be affected by repetitive loading,there are few studies evaluating the lateral stress(or K_(0))of soils under repetitive loading.This study investigates the changes in K...Although the internal stress state of soils can be affected by repetitive loading,there are few studies evaluating the lateral stress(or K_(0))of soils under repetitive loading.This study investigates the changes in K_(0) and directional shear wave velocity(V_(s))in samples of two granular materials with different particle shapes during repetitive loading.A modified oedometer cell equipped with bender elements and a diaphragm transducer was developed to measure the variations in the lateral stress and the shear wave velocity,under repetitive loading on the loading and unloading paths.The study produced the following results:(1)Repetitive loading on the loading path resulted in an increase in the K_(0) of test samples as a function of cyclic loading number(i),and(2)Repetitive loading on the unloading path resulted in a decrease in K_(0) according to i.The shear wave velocity ratio(i.e.V_(s)(HH)/V_(s)(VH),where the first and second letters in parentheses corresponds to the directions of wave propagation and particle motion,respectively,and V and H corresponds to the vertical and horizontal directions,respectively)according to i supports the experimental observations of this study.However,when the tested material was in lightly over-consolidated state,there was an increase in K_(0) during repetitive loading,indicating that it was the initial K_(0),rather than the loading path,which is responsible for the change in K_(0).The power model can capture the variation in the K_(0) of samples according to i.Notably,the K_(0)=1 line acts as the boundary between the increase and decrease in K_(0) under repetitive loading.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with motor control training on the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia,specifically focusing on the impact on patients’bala...Objective:To analyze the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with motor control training on the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia,specifically focusing on the impact on patients’balance function and gait.Methods:Fifty-two cases of hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups,26 in the control group and 26 in the observation group,using computer-generated random grouping.All participants underwent conventional treatment and rehabilitation training.In addition to these,the control group received repetitive transcranial magnetic pseudo-stimulation therapy+motor control training,while the observation group received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy+motor control training.The balance function and gait parameters of both groups were compared before and after the interventions and assessed the satisfaction of the interventions in both groups.Results:Before the invention,there were no significant differences in balance function scores and each gait parameter between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after the intervention,the observation group showed higher balance function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).The observation group also exhibited higher step speed and step frequency,longer step length,and a higher overall satisfaction level with the intervention compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and motor control training in the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia has demonstrated positive effects.It not only improves the patient’s balance function and gait but also contributes to overall physical rehabilitation.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)combined with conventional rehabilitation measures on shoulder dysfunction in early stroke.Methods:60 patients with shoulder dysfunction...Objective:To study the effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)combined with conventional rehabilitation measures on shoulder dysfunction in early stroke.Methods:60 patients with shoulder dysfunction in early stroke were selected,and all of them were admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023.The patients were randomly grouped into a control group(conventional rehabilitation measures intervention,30 cases)and an intervention group(rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures intervention,30 cases)according to the lottery method.The pain scores,shoulder mobility,and motor function scores of the two groups were compared.Results:The pain score was lower in the intervention group,and the shoulder mobility and motor function scores were higher in the intervention group(P<0.05)as compared to that of the control group.Conclusion:The effect of combining rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures in treating shoulder dysfunction in early stroke was remarkable and should be popularized.展开更多
The process of repetitive upsetting-extrusion （RUE） was used to achieve severe plastic deformation （SPD） for an as-cast AZ61 magnesium alloy in temperature range of 285-380 ℃. The microstructure and mechanical pr...The process of repetitive upsetting-extrusion （RUE） was used to achieve severe plastic deformation （SPD） for an as-cast AZ61 magnesium alloy in temperature range of 285-380 ℃. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast and RUE processed AZ61 alloys were investigated. The results indicated that homogeneous fine-grained structure with mean grain size of 3.5 μm was obtained as the accumulated true strain in the axial direction increased to 4.28 after three RUE passes at 285 ℃. The dominant reason of grain refinement was considered the dynamic recrystallization induced by strain localization. It was also found that the microstructural evolution was affected by temperature and accumulated deformation. The mechanical properties of RUE processed AZ61 alloys were significantly improved owing to grain refinement. Furthermore, the relationship between deformation parameters and mechanical properties of AZ61 alloy prepared by RUE processing was revealed by tensile tests carried out at room temperature.展开更多
The distribution of repetitive DNAs along chromosomes is one of the crucial elements for understanding the organization and the evolution of plant genomes. Using a modified genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） proce...The distribution of repetitive DNAs along chromosomes is one of the crucial elements for understanding the organization and the evolution of plant genomes. Using a modified genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） procedure, fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） with genomic DNA to their own chromosomes （called self-genomic in situ hybridization, self-GISH） was carried out in six selected plant species with different genome size and amount of repetitive DNA. Nonuniform distribution of the fluorescent labeled probe DNA was observed on the chromosomes of all the species that were tested. The signal patterns varied among species and were related to the genome size. The chromosomes of the small Arabidopsis genome were labeled almost only in the pericentromeric regions and the nucleolus organizer regions （NORs）. The signals in the relatively small genomes, rice, sorghum, and Brassica oleracea var. capitata L., were dispersed along the chromosome lengths, with a predominant distribution in the pericentromeric or proximal regions and some heterochromatic arms. All chromosomes of the large genomes, maize and barley, were densely labeled with strongly labeled regions and weakly labeled or unlabeled regions being arranged alternatively throughout the lengths. In addition, enhanced signal bands were shown in all pericentromeres and the NORs in B. oleracea var. capitata, and in all pericentromeric regions and certain intercalary sites in barley. The enhanced signal band pattern in barley was found consistent with the N-banding pattern of this species. The GISH with self-genomic DNA was compared with FISH with Cot-1 DNA in rice, and their signal patterns are found to be basically consistent. Our results showed that the self-GISH signals actually reflected the hybridization of genomic repetitive DNAs to the chromosomes, thus the self-GISH technique would be useful for revealing the distribution of the regions where repetitive DNAs concentrate along chromosomes and some chromatin differentiation associated with repetitive DNAs in plants.展开更多
AZ31-4.6% Mg2Si （mass fraction） composite was prepared by conventional casting method. Repetitive upsetting （RU） was applied to severely deforming the as-cast composite at 400 ℃ for 1, 3, and 5 passes. Finite ele...AZ31-4.6% Mg2Si （mass fraction） composite was prepared by conventional casting method. Repetitive upsetting （RU） was applied to severely deforming the as-cast composite at 400 ℃ for 1, 3, and 5 passes. Finite element analysis of the material flow indicates that deformation concentrates in the bottom region of the sample after 1 pass, and much more uniform deformation is obtained after 5 passes. During multi-pass RU process, both dendritic and Chinese script type Mg2Si phases are broken up into smaller particles owing to the shear stress forced by the matrix. With the increasing number of RU passes, finer grain size and more homogeneous distribution of Mg2Si particles are obtained along with significant enhancement in both strength and ductility. AZ31-4.6%Mg2Si composite exhibits tensile strength of 284 MPa and elongation of 9.8%after 5 RU passes at 400 ℃ compared with the initial 128 MPa and 5.4%of original AZ31-4.6%Mg2Si composite.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61873348,6230 3266,62273200)JSPS(Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) KAKENHI(22H03998,23K25252)
文摘Dear Editor,This letter presents an improved repetitive controller(IRC) that uses a complex-coefficient filter to enhance the tracking performance of a system for periodic signals. Compared with the low-pass filter used in the conventional repetitive controller(CRC), the complex-coefficient filter causes less change in the phase and amplitude of a signal at the frequencies of the periodic signal, especially at the fundamental frequency, when the two filters have the same cutofffrequency.
基金supported by the Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Brain Project(to KW)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.31970979(to KW),82101498(to XW)the STI2030-Major Projects,No.2021ZD0201800(to PH).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients incapacitated.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological conditions.Over the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and connectivity.It has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological insult.However,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of studies.This study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated mechanisms.This review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Apoptotic mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also highlighted.Finally,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12364044)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(202202AG050004,202202AG050016,202302AQ370003)+1 种基金the International Joint Innovation Platform of Yunnan Province(202203AP140004)the Outstanding Youth Project of Yunnan Province Applied Basic Research Project(202401AV070012).
文摘Scintillator is a key material for the development of X-ray detectors,which has a promising application in medical imaging,security inspection and industrial non-injury detection.The majority of scintillators currently used in imaging are real-time imaging scintillators,which can cause ionization radiation damage to biological subjects or detection equipment during the imaging process and require complex,highly sensitive detection systems.Therefore,exploring stable,environmentally friendly scintillator materials that can achieve delayed imaging is of significance in the field of imaging.Herein,we devel-oped an X-ray time-lapse imaging scintillator,Sr_(2)Al_(6)O_(11):Dy^(3+)phosphor,which generates stable traps by X-ray irradiation,thus endowing it with excellent persistent luminescence and information storage properties(>42 d).Moreover,traps constructed by X-ray can be repeatedly refilled(>40 times)under UV light and carriers are released in theform of mechanical or thermal excitation when refilling is complete.By constructing the traps in the phosphor during X-ray excitation and using it for repetitive imaging,the detection limit is 74.78 nGy/s,and the spatial imaging resolution is as high as 16 lp/mm.This discovery providesa new idea for the development oftime-delayed X-ray scintillator.
基金Supported by Key Discipline Construction Project of Neurology of Jiaxing City in Zhejiang Province of China,No.2023-ZC-006.
文摘BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)entered clinical practice in China after 2000,first used in psychiatric surgery,and then in neurology and other disciplines.The First Hospital of Jiaxing introduced TMS in 2015.In practical applications,it has been found that different models of instruments and technical parameters can lead to differences in therapeutic efficacy.Therefore,our hospital selected the Danish TMS instrument,which ranks second in China,to test patients with schizophrenia from March 2021 to July 2021,with a focus on comparing the results at 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 15 Hz.The testing time is concentrated between 8:30 to 10:30 in the morning.A contingency plan was made for the quality after inspection before testing.Two evaluators independently control the quality of the contingency plan.The data is independently saved and proofread by two evaluators.The purpose of this study is to translate the research results into clinical practice and provide reference basis.AIM To investigate the effects of rehabilitation therapy using rTMS on the negative symptoms and event-related potential component of P300 in chronic schizophrenia.METHODS One hundred and five patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly allocated to three groups based on the frequency of rTMS(5,10,or 15 Hz).The patients underwent five sessions of rTMS per week for 5 weeks.We compared the pre-and post-treatment P300 latency and scores for the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS).RESULTS A significant decrease in SANS score after rTMS was observed in the 10-Hz group(P<0.05),which was not observed in the 5-Hz and 15-Hz groups.There was a significant increase in P300 amplitude in the 10-Hz group after rTMS treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in P300 latency(P>0.05).The improvement of SANS score in the 10-Hz rTMS group was related to patient age and disease course.CONCLUSION rTMS at 10 Hz improved negative symptoms and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia;however,further studies on the mechanism of action are required to validate our observations.
文摘BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a high-risk precursor to Alzheimer’s disease characterized by declining memory or other progressive cognitive functions without compromising daily living abilities.AIM To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)in patients with MCI.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 180 patients with MCI who were admitted to The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023.Participants were allocated into the research(n=98,receiving rTMS)and control groups(n=82,receiving sham stimulation).Memory tests,cognitive function assessments,event-related potential–P300 tests,and electroencephalogram(EEG)examinations were conducted pre-treatment and post-treatment.Further,memory quotient(MQ),cognitive function scores,and EEG grading results were compared,along with adverse reaction incidences.RESULTS Pre-treatment MQ scores,long-term and short-term memory,as well as immediate memory scores,demonstrated no notable differences between the groups.Post-treatment,the research group exhibited significant increases in MQ scores,long-term memory,and short-term memory compared to baseline(P<0.05),with these improvements being statistically superior to those in the control group.However,immediate memory scores exhibited no significant change(P>0.05).Further,the research group demonstrated statistically better post-treatment scores on the Revised Wechsler Memory Scale than the control group.Furthermore,post-treatment P300 latency and amplitude improved significantly in the research group,surpassing the control group.EEG grading in the research group improved,and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than in the control group.CONCLUSION Patients with MCI receiving rTMS therapy demonstrated improved memory and cognitive functions and EEG grading and exhibited high safety with fewer adverse reactions.
文摘One of the core challenges faced by children with autism is repetitive motor behavior,which not only undermines their learning efficiency in the classroom but also makes it difficult for them to integrate smoothly into inclusive educational settings,thereby hindering their social adaptation and overall development.This study adopted a single-case design focusing on a first-grade student with autism enrolled in a mainstream class at Xiangxue Primary School,Huangpu District,Guangzhou.Functional behavior assessment was conducted to systematically observe and analyze the student’s repetitive motor behaviors in class,on the basis of which an intervention plan was developed and implemented.The intervention incorporated antecedent control,replacement behavior training,and consequence management,supplemented by collaboration between school and family.The findings indicated that the frequency of repetitive motor behaviors decreased significantly after the intervention,while the student demonstrated improved classroom participation and peer interaction;these positive effects were maintained during the follow-up phase.The study suggests that in inclusive education settings,interventions guided by functional behavior assessment can effectively reduce problem behaviors in children with autism and enhance their classroom engagement and learning adaptability.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171087No.82201228)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2024JJ6570)the Scientific Research Launch Project for new employees of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
文摘Dear Editor,We present the reported case of repetitive bilateral suprachoroidal expulsive hemorrhage(SEH)after anti-glaucoma surgeries.SEH is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intraocular surgery.Long-term ocular hypertension,high myopia,older age,arterial sclerosis,and aphakia have been reported as preoperative risk factors for developing SEH^([1]).The prognosis for the visual acuity is poor without proper management.A suggested time for surgical drainage is said to be 10-14d when the hemorrhagic clot begins to liquefy^([2]).
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program(No.2022GY-134)。
文摘A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
基金Supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission Scientific Research Project,No.20230404040027the Scientific Technology Project of Qiqihar City,No.CSFGG-2025030.
文摘Mild cognitive impairment(MCI),which is a high-risk transitional phase leading to Alzheimer’s disease,is characterized by mild memory deficits and specific cognitive dysfunctions.Without effective intervention,a significant proportion of patients with MCI progress to dementia.However,current pharmacological treatments are characterized by side effects and poor patient compliance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective,noninvasive alternative treatments.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is becoming a widely studied noninvasive treatment for central nervous system disease.The therapeutic effects of rTMS on patients with MCI and its underlying mechanism are noteworthy issues.Recently,a growing number of studies have shown that meningeal lymphatic vessel damage may be related to cognitive dysfunction.Whether the improvement of the meningeal lymphatic system is an important mechanism through which rTMS improves the clinical manifestations of MCI is worthy of further study.
基金the scope of the CICS-UBI projects UIDP/Multi/00709/2019,UIDB/Multi/00709/2019,UIDP/00709/2020,UIDB/00709/2020,financed by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology/MCTESby funds to the PPBI-Portuguese Platform of Bio Imaging through the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122(to GB,MVP,NP)supported by a grant from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology/MCTES(2021.07854.BD)(to IS)。
文摘Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been increasingly studied in different neurological diseases,and although most studies focus on its effects on neuronal cells,the contribution of nonneuronal cells to the improvement trigge red by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in these diseases has been increasingly suggested.To systematically review the effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells two online databases.Web of Science and PubMed were searched fo r the effects of high-frequency-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequencyrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta-bu rst stimulation,continuous thetaburst stimulation,or repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells in models of disease and in unlesioned animals or cells.A total of 52 studies were included.The protocol more frequently used was high-frequency-repetitive magnetic stimulation,and in models of disease,most studies report that high-frequency-repetitive magnetic stimulation led to a decrease in astrocyte and mic roglial reactivity,a decrease in the release of pro-inflammatory cyto kines,and an increase of oligodendrocyte proliferation.The trend towards decreased microglial and astrocyte reactivity as well as increased oligodendrocyte proliferation occurred with intermittent theta-burst stimulation and continuous theta-burst stimulation.Few papers analyzed the low-frequency-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol,and the parameters evaluated were restricted to the study of astrocyte reactivity and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines,repo rting the absence of effects on these paramete rs.In what concerns the use of magnetic stimulation in unlesioned animals or cells,most articles on all four types of stimulation reported a lack of effects.It is also important to point out that the studies were developed mostly in male rodents,not evaluating possible diffe rential effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation between sexes.This systematic review supports that thro ugh modulation of glial cells repetitive magnetic stimulation contributes to the neuroprotection or repair in various neurological disease models.Howeve r,it should be noted that there are still few articles focusing on the impact of repetitive magnetic stimulation on non-neuronal cells and most studies did not perform in-depth analyses of the effects,emphasizing the need for more studies in this field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81672261(to XH),81972151(to HZ),82372568(to JL)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Nos.2019A1515011106(to HZ),2023A1515030080(to JL)。
文摘Prolife ration of neural stem cells is crucial for promoting neuronal regeneration and repairing cerebral infarction damage.Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has recently emerged as a tool for inducing endogenous neural stem cell regeneration,but its underlying mechanisms remain unclea r In this study,we found that repetitive TMS effectively promotes the proliferation of oxygen-glucose deprived neural stem cells.Additionally,repetitive TMS reduced the volume of cerebral infa rction in a rat model of ischemic stro ke caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion,im p roved rat cognitive function,and promoted the proliferation of neural stem cells in the ischemic penumbra.RNA-sequencing found that repetitive TMS activated the Wnt signaling pathway in the ischemic penumbra of rats with cerebral ischemia.Furthermore,PCR analysis revealed that repetitive TMS promoted AKT phosphorylation,leading to an increase in mRNA levels of cell cycle-related proteins such as Cdk2 and Cdk4.This effect was also associated with activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway,which ultimately promotes the prolife ration of neural stem cells.Subsequently,we validated the effect of repetitive TMS on AKT phosphorylation.We found that repetitive TMS promoted Ca2+influx into neural stem cells by activating the P2 calcium channel/calmodulin pathway,thereby promoting AKT phosphorylation and activating the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin pathway.These findings indicate that repetitive TMS can promote the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells through a Ca2+influx-dependent phosphorylated AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.This study has produced pioneering res ults on the intrinsic mechanism of repetitive TMS to promote neural function recove ry after ischemic stro ke.These results provide a stro ng scientific foundation for the clinical application of repetitive TMS.Moreover,repetitive TMS treatment may not only be an efficient and potential approach to support neurogenesis for further therapeutic applications,but also provide an effective platform for the expansion of neural stem cells.
基金supported by the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund,No.22HHXBSS00047(to PL)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072166(to PL),82071394(to XG)+4 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Tianjin,No.20YFZCSY00030(to PL)Science and Technology Project of Tianjin Municipal Health Commission,No.TJWJ2021QN005(to XG)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project,No.TJYXZDXK-006ATianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Program Project,No.2020KJ164(to JZ)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M712392(to ZY).
文摘We previously reported that miR-124-3p is markedly upregulated in microglia-derived exosomes following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.However,its impact on neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury remains unclear.In this study,we first used an HT22 scratch injury model to mimic traumatic brain injury,then co-cultured the HT22 cells with BV2 microglia expressing high levels of miR-124-3p.We found that exosomes containing high levels of miR-124-3p attenuated apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress.Furthermore,luciferase reporter assay analysis confirmed that miR-124-3p bound specifically to the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein IRE1α,while an IRE1αfunctional salvage experiment confirmed that miR-124-3p targeted IRE1αand reduced its expression,thereby inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in injured neurons.Finally,we delivered microglia-derived exosomes containing miR-124-3p intranasally to a mouse model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and found that endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis levels in hippocampal neurons were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that,after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury,miR-124-3 can be transferred from microglia-derived exosomes to injured neurons,where it exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.Therefore,microglia-derived exosomes containing miR-124-3p may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.
基金Huzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2019GZ38.
文摘BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease(AD),characterized by the ongoing deterioration of neural function,often presents alongside depressive features and greatly affects the quality of life of individuals living with the condition.Although several treatment methods exist,their efficacy is limited.In recent years,repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)utilizing the theta burst stimulation(TBS)mode,specifically the intermittent TBS(iTBS),has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in the management of neuropsychiatric disorders.AIM To examine the therapeutic efficacy of iTBS mode of rTMS for treating depressive symptoms in patients with AD.METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 105 individuals diagnosed with AD with depressive symptoms at Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital,affiliated with Huzhou University,between January 2020 and December 2023.Participants received standard pharmacological interventions and were categorized into control(n=53)and observation(n=52)groups based on treatment protocols.The observation group received iTBS mode of rTMS,while the control group received pseudo-stimulation.A comparative analysis evaluated psychological well-being,adverse events,and therapeutic at initiation of hospitalization(T0)and 15 days post-treatment(T1).RESULTS At T1,both groups exhibited a marked reduction in self-rating depression scale and Hamilton depression scale scores compared to T0.Furthermore,the observa-tion group showed a more pronounced decrease than the control group.By T1,the Mini-mental state examination scores for both groups had increased markedly from their initial T0 assessments.Importantly,the increase was particularly more substantial in the observation group than in the control group.Fourteen patients in the control group had ineffective treatment effects,while five patients in the observation group experienced the same.Additionally,the observation group experienced a substantially reduced incidence of ineffective treatment as compared to the control group(both P<0.05);there were no recorded serious adverse events in either group.CONCLUSION The iTBS model of rTMS effectively treated AD with depression,improving depressive symptoms and cognitive function in patients without serious adverse reactions,warranting clinical consideration.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82271949The Youth Project of General Items for Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation,No.2022JQ-908The Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,No.2023-YBSF-444.
文摘This editorial assesses the advancements in neuronavigation enhanced repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depressive disorder and schizophrenia treatment.Conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation faces challenges due to the intricacies of brain anatomy and patient variability.Neuronavigation offers innovative solutions by integrating neuroimaging with three-dimensional localization to pinpoint brain regions and refine therapeutic targeting.This systematic review of recent literature underscores the enhanced efficacy of neuronavigation in improving treatment outcomes for these disorders.This editorial highlights the pivotal role of neuronavigation in advancing psychiatric care.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(Grant No.RS-2023-00208844).
文摘Although the internal stress state of soils can be affected by repetitive loading,there are few studies evaluating the lateral stress(or K_(0))of soils under repetitive loading.This study investigates the changes in K_(0) and directional shear wave velocity(V_(s))in samples of two granular materials with different particle shapes during repetitive loading.A modified oedometer cell equipped with bender elements and a diaphragm transducer was developed to measure the variations in the lateral stress and the shear wave velocity,under repetitive loading on the loading and unloading paths.The study produced the following results:(1)Repetitive loading on the loading path resulted in an increase in the K_(0) of test samples as a function of cyclic loading number(i),and(2)Repetitive loading on the unloading path resulted in a decrease in K_(0) according to i.The shear wave velocity ratio(i.e.V_(s)(HH)/V_(s)(VH),where the first and second letters in parentheses corresponds to the directions of wave propagation and particle motion,respectively,and V and H corresponds to the vertical and horizontal directions,respectively)according to i supports the experimental observations of this study.However,when the tested material was in lightly over-consolidated state,there was an increase in K_(0) during repetitive loading,indicating that it was the initial K_(0),rather than the loading path,which is responsible for the change in K_(0).The power model can capture the variation in the K_(0) of samples according to i.Notably,the K_(0)=1 line acts as the boundary between the increase and decrease in K_(0) under repetitive loading.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with motor control training on the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia,specifically focusing on the impact on patients’balance function and gait.Methods:Fifty-two cases of hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups,26 in the control group and 26 in the observation group,using computer-generated random grouping.All participants underwent conventional treatment and rehabilitation training.In addition to these,the control group received repetitive transcranial magnetic pseudo-stimulation therapy+motor control training,while the observation group received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy+motor control training.The balance function and gait parameters of both groups were compared before and after the interventions and assessed the satisfaction of the interventions in both groups.Results:Before the invention,there were no significant differences in balance function scores and each gait parameter between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after the intervention,the observation group showed higher balance function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).The observation group also exhibited higher step speed and step frequency,longer step length,and a higher overall satisfaction level with the intervention compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and motor control training in the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia has demonstrated positive effects.It not only improves the patient’s balance function and gait but also contributes to overall physical rehabilitation.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation(rPMS)combined with conventional rehabilitation measures on shoulder dysfunction in early stroke.Methods:60 patients with shoulder dysfunction in early stroke were selected,and all of them were admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023.The patients were randomly grouped into a control group(conventional rehabilitation measures intervention,30 cases)and an intervention group(rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures intervention,30 cases)according to the lottery method.The pain scores,shoulder mobility,and motor function scores of the two groups were compared.Results:The pain score was lower in the intervention group,and the shoulder mobility and motor function scores were higher in the intervention group(P<0.05)as compared to that of the control group.Conclusion:The effect of combining rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures in treating shoulder dysfunction in early stroke was remarkable and should be popularized.
基金Project(51075098)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(HIT.NSRIF.2014006)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The process of repetitive upsetting-extrusion （RUE） was used to achieve severe plastic deformation （SPD） for an as-cast AZ61 magnesium alloy in temperature range of 285-380 ℃. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast and RUE processed AZ61 alloys were investigated. The results indicated that homogeneous fine-grained structure with mean grain size of 3.5 μm was obtained as the accumulated true strain in the axial direction increased to 4.28 after three RUE passes at 285 ℃. The dominant reason of grain refinement was considered the dynamic recrystallization induced by strain localization. It was also found that the microstructural evolution was affected by temperature and accumulated deformation. The mechanical properties of RUE processed AZ61 alloys were significantly improved owing to grain refinement. Furthermore, the relationship between deformation parameters and mechanical properties of AZ61 alloy prepared by RUE processing was revealed by tensile tests carried out at room temperature.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39870423).
文摘The distribution of repetitive DNAs along chromosomes is one of the crucial elements for understanding the organization and the evolution of plant genomes. Using a modified genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） procedure, fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） with genomic DNA to their own chromosomes （called self-genomic in situ hybridization, self-GISH） was carried out in six selected plant species with different genome size and amount of repetitive DNA. Nonuniform distribution of the fluorescent labeled probe DNA was observed on the chromosomes of all the species that were tested. The signal patterns varied among species and were related to the genome size. The chromosomes of the small Arabidopsis genome were labeled almost only in the pericentromeric regions and the nucleolus organizer regions （NORs）. The signals in the relatively small genomes, rice, sorghum, and Brassica oleracea var. capitata L., were dispersed along the chromosome lengths, with a predominant distribution in the pericentromeric or proximal regions and some heterochromatic arms. All chromosomes of the large genomes, maize and barley, were densely labeled with strongly labeled regions and weakly labeled or unlabeled regions being arranged alternatively throughout the lengths. In addition, enhanced signal bands were shown in all pericentromeres and the NORs in B. oleracea var. capitata, and in all pericentromeric regions and certain intercalary sites in barley. The enhanced signal band pattern in barley was found consistent with the N-banding pattern of this species. The GISH with self-genomic DNA was compared with FISH with Cot-1 DNA in rice, and their signal patterns are found to be basically consistent. Our results showed that the self-GISH signals actually reflected the hybridization of genomic repetitive DNAs to the chromosomes, thus the self-GISH technique would be useful for revealing the distribution of the regions where repetitive DNAs concentrate along chromosomes and some chromatin differentiation associated with repetitive DNAs in plants.
基金Projects(51074106,51374145)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(09JC1408200)supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China+1 种基金Project(2014M561466)supported by China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(14R21411000)supported by Shanghai Postdoctoral Scientific Program,China
文摘AZ31-4.6% Mg2Si （mass fraction） composite was prepared by conventional casting method. Repetitive upsetting （RU） was applied to severely deforming the as-cast composite at 400 ℃ for 1, 3, and 5 passes. Finite element analysis of the material flow indicates that deformation concentrates in the bottom region of the sample after 1 pass, and much more uniform deformation is obtained after 5 passes. During multi-pass RU process, both dendritic and Chinese script type Mg2Si phases are broken up into smaller particles owing to the shear stress forced by the matrix. With the increasing number of RU passes, finer grain size and more homogeneous distribution of Mg2Si particles are obtained along with significant enhancement in both strength and ductility. AZ31-4.6%Mg2Si composite exhibits tensile strength of 284 MPa and elongation of 9.8%after 5 RU passes at 400 ℃ compared with the initial 128 MPa and 5.4%of original AZ31-4.6%Mg2Si composite.
