Optimization studies of plasma smelting of red mud were carried out. Reduction of the dried red mud fines was done in an extended arc plasma reactor to recover the pig iron. Lime grit and low ash metallurgical （LAM）...Optimization studies of plasma smelting of red mud were carried out. Reduction of the dried red mud fines was done in an extended arc plasma reactor to recover the pig iron. Lime grit and low ash metallurgical （LAM） coke were used as the flux and reductant, respectively. 2level factorial design was used to study the influence of all parameters on the responses. Response surface modeling was done with the data obtained from statistically designed experiments. Metal recovery at optimum parameters was found to be 79.52%.展开更多
In this work, a two-dimensional numerical model based on Delft3D modelling system was setup to study the tidal characteristics of the Red Sea. Besides that, analyses of available observed time series of surface elevat...In this work, a two-dimensional numerical model based on Delft3D modelling system was setup to study the tidal characteristics of the Red Sea. Besides that, analyses of available observed time series of surface elevations were carried out. Sensitivity analyses of the numerical model were carried out by testing different model parameters aiming at selecting optimal settings. The model performance was evaluated against available time series of surface elevation observations. RMS error was found to vary from 0.03 to 0.1 meter, while the ADM values range from 0.02 to 0.05 meter. On the whole, the model is able to reproduce the tidal wave in the Red Sea, reflecting a consistent level of agreement with the observations and previous works. The model results suggest that the semidiurnal tidal waves play a major role in the region except in the central part of the Red Sea where amphidromic system exists. Major semidiurnal and diurnal tidal constituents were computed to generate co-charts and form factor. The results have revealed that the distribution of the co-charts of the major semidiurnal constituents M2, N2, and S2 show the existence of anticlockwise amphidromic system in the central part of the Red Sea at about 19.5°N, north of the Strait of Bab el Mandeb at 13.5°N and in the Gulf of Suez. The chart of the diurnal tidal constituent K1 showed a single counterclockwise system in the southern part of the Red Sea centred around 15.5°N. The form factor chart shows the appearance of diurnal character in the central part of the basin and the northern end of the strait. The hydrodynamics patterns under spring and neap tidal conditions were also analysed (during flood and ebb conditions). Model results showed that currents generally are weak and strongest currents are present in the strait of Bab el Mandeb and Gulf of Suez.展开更多
A large variation in elevation and gravity anomaly prevails from the Red Sea coast to the interior of the Arabian Shield (AS) across the Asir Igneous Province (AIP);The Asir Mountain (AM) is developed on AIP. Here the...A large variation in elevation and gravity anomaly prevails from the Red Sea coast to the interior of the Arabian Shield (AS) across the Asir Igneous Province (AIP);The Asir Mountain (AM) is developed on AIP. Here the elevation varies from 45 - 2700 m, corresponding changes in F.A. are from –30 to + 220 mgal and B.A. from +22 to –175 mgal. Regression relationships between elevation and gravity anomalies demonstrate significant changes in trend at about 400 m threshold of elevation across the pediment west of AM, at about 45 km inland of the shoreline, flanking the Hizaz-Asir Escarpment (HAE). Gravity anomaly variation along a traverse taken across HAE and AIP is interpreted here in terms of anomalous masses in crust as well as due to deeper crustal configuration. 2D gravity interpretation is, in part, constrained by surface geology, available geologic cross-sections for crust, interpretations from the IRIS Deep-Seismic Refraction Line, and to a lesser extent by the available gross results from shear-wave splitting and receiver function analysis. The gravity model provides probable solutions for the first time on geometric configuration and geophysical identification: a) for the seaward margin of the mid-Tertiary Mafic Crust (TMC) below sediment cover of the Asir pediment that coincides with the 400 m threshold elevation. This signifies an anomalous uplift at the rifting phase. Moho below TMC extends from 10 - 22 km depth across HAE and west margin of AIP, b). Thinned continental crust below the Asir margin whose upper layer coincides with a seismic reflector is at about 22 km depth, c). Rift-margin characteristic detachment fault associated with basaltic flows on top surface of TMC at its inner margin, d). Two geologically mapped low-angle normal faults dipping to the east developed between the basic rocks intruding the AIP and e). felsic pluton farther east within AS. Large scale igneous activity followed by intense deformation affecting AIP clearly owes their origin to the rifting architecture of the AS at the Red Sea extensional margin.展开更多
The Red Sea continental margin （RSCM） corresponds to a wide hinge zone between Red Sea and Arabian plate. This margin has been studied through geological and geophysical observations primarily in regard to the evolu...The Red Sea continental margin （RSCM） corresponds to a wide hinge zone between Red Sea and Arabian plate. This margin has been studied through geological and geophysical observations primarily in regard to the evolution of Red Sea rift. This margin is characterized by occurrence of thin sediments, significant onshore uplift, tectonic subsidence of the offshore sedimentary basin, active faulting and seismicity. Studies indicate that sedimentary sequences of the margin are deformed by faults and folds resulting from at least two phases of extension and a phase of uplift. During the two phases of extension due to regional plate stress the sequence was cut by set of extensional faults. While during the phase of uplift the sequence was deformed by folding and faulting. The present paper aims to clear the structural development of RSCM during these tectonic episodes, taken as particular tectonic event, by two-dimensional finite element modeling on plane strain condition. Elastic theology is assumed for the oceanic, continental and transitional crust along with syntectonic deposits. Stress field, shear stress and fault distribution suggests that mantle plume weakened the crust following rifting due to regional stress and developed the margin. These results are well consistent with those from present seismicity, active faulting and neotectonic studies.展开更多
That the point of view of cognitive linguistics,translation is essentially a system from a source language to the target language system of cognitive processes,the translation is only the result of the cognitive proce...That the point of view of cognitive linguistics,translation is essentially a system from a source language to the target language system of cognitive processes,the translation is only the result of the cognitive processes.Therefore,the study of translation of the translation process should be placed in the first place.Translation information integration process has been fully reflected in the metaphor of translation.展开更多
The lower reach of the Red River between Winnipeg and Lake Winnipeg is very prone to ice jam flooding. The one- dimensional ice jam model RIVICE was implemented for this reach to better understand the processes leadin...The lower reach of the Red River between Winnipeg and Lake Winnipeg is very prone to ice jam flooding. The one- dimensional ice jam model RIVICE was implemented for this reach to better understand the processes leading to such events and to provide a tool to evaluate strategies for ice jam mitigation. The most downstream portion of this river stretch flows through a delta and marsh system which poses challenges in modelling ice jams in such an area of low-lying topography and river banks. Solutions to overcome these challenges are discussed in this paper and results of one such solution using water abstractions from the main channel are also presented. Abstractions are inserted in the model to represent under-ice leakage from the main channel to side channel storage and diversions (up to 65% in the Red River delta) and spillage into the delta floodplain.展开更多
基金Vedanta Alumina Ltd,a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources Plc for supporting the project financially
文摘Optimization studies of plasma smelting of red mud were carried out. Reduction of the dried red mud fines was done in an extended arc plasma reactor to recover the pig iron. Lime grit and low ash metallurgical （LAM） coke were used as the flux and reductant, respectively. 2level factorial design was used to study the influence of all parameters on the responses. Response surface modeling was done with the data obtained from statistically designed experiments. Metal recovery at optimum parameters was found to be 79.52%.
文摘In this work, a two-dimensional numerical model based on Delft3D modelling system was setup to study the tidal characteristics of the Red Sea. Besides that, analyses of available observed time series of surface elevations were carried out. Sensitivity analyses of the numerical model were carried out by testing different model parameters aiming at selecting optimal settings. The model performance was evaluated against available time series of surface elevation observations. RMS error was found to vary from 0.03 to 0.1 meter, while the ADM values range from 0.02 to 0.05 meter. On the whole, the model is able to reproduce the tidal wave in the Red Sea, reflecting a consistent level of agreement with the observations and previous works. The model results suggest that the semidiurnal tidal waves play a major role in the region except in the central part of the Red Sea where amphidromic system exists. Major semidiurnal and diurnal tidal constituents were computed to generate co-charts and form factor. The results have revealed that the distribution of the co-charts of the major semidiurnal constituents M2, N2, and S2 show the existence of anticlockwise amphidromic system in the central part of the Red Sea at about 19.5°N, north of the Strait of Bab el Mandeb at 13.5°N and in the Gulf of Suez. The chart of the diurnal tidal constituent K1 showed a single counterclockwise system in the southern part of the Red Sea centred around 15.5°N. The form factor chart shows the appearance of diurnal character in the central part of the basin and the northern end of the strait. The hydrodynamics patterns under spring and neap tidal conditions were also analysed (during flood and ebb conditions). Model results showed that currents generally are weak and strongest currents are present in the strait of Bab el Mandeb and Gulf of Suez.
文摘A large variation in elevation and gravity anomaly prevails from the Red Sea coast to the interior of the Arabian Shield (AS) across the Asir Igneous Province (AIP);The Asir Mountain (AM) is developed on AIP. Here the elevation varies from 45 - 2700 m, corresponding changes in F.A. are from –30 to + 220 mgal and B.A. from +22 to –175 mgal. Regression relationships between elevation and gravity anomalies demonstrate significant changes in trend at about 400 m threshold of elevation across the pediment west of AM, at about 45 km inland of the shoreline, flanking the Hizaz-Asir Escarpment (HAE). Gravity anomaly variation along a traverse taken across HAE and AIP is interpreted here in terms of anomalous masses in crust as well as due to deeper crustal configuration. 2D gravity interpretation is, in part, constrained by surface geology, available geologic cross-sections for crust, interpretations from the IRIS Deep-Seismic Refraction Line, and to a lesser extent by the available gross results from shear-wave splitting and receiver function analysis. The gravity model provides probable solutions for the first time on geometric configuration and geophysical identification: a) for the seaward margin of the mid-Tertiary Mafic Crust (TMC) below sediment cover of the Asir pediment that coincides with the 400 m threshold elevation. This signifies an anomalous uplift at the rifting phase. Moho below TMC extends from 10 - 22 km depth across HAE and west margin of AIP, b). Thinned continental crust below the Asir margin whose upper layer coincides with a seismic reflector is at about 22 km depth, c). Rift-margin characteristic detachment fault associated with basaltic flows on top surface of TMC at its inner margin, d). Two geologically mapped low-angle normal faults dipping to the east developed between the basic rocks intruding the AIP and e). felsic pluton farther east within AS. Large scale igneous activity followed by intense deformation affecting AIP clearly owes their origin to the rifting architecture of the AS at the Red Sea extensional margin.
基金the Japanese Government Ministry of Education and Sports for the Monbukagakusho scholarship
文摘The Red Sea continental margin （RSCM） corresponds to a wide hinge zone between Red Sea and Arabian plate. This margin has been studied through geological and geophysical observations primarily in regard to the evolution of Red Sea rift. This margin is characterized by occurrence of thin sediments, significant onshore uplift, tectonic subsidence of the offshore sedimentary basin, active faulting and seismicity. Studies indicate that sedimentary sequences of the margin are deformed by faults and folds resulting from at least two phases of extension and a phase of uplift. During the two phases of extension due to regional plate stress the sequence was cut by set of extensional faults. While during the phase of uplift the sequence was deformed by folding and faulting. The present paper aims to clear the structural development of RSCM during these tectonic episodes, taken as particular tectonic event, by two-dimensional finite element modeling on plane strain condition. Elastic theology is assumed for the oceanic, continental and transitional crust along with syntectonic deposits. Stress field, shear stress and fault distribution suggests that mantle plume weakened the crust following rifting due to regional stress and developed the margin. These results are well consistent with those from present seismicity, active faulting and neotectonic studies.
文摘That the point of view of cognitive linguistics,translation is essentially a system from a source language to the target language system of cognitive processes,the translation is only the result of the cognitive processes.Therefore,the study of translation of the translation process should be placed in the first place.Translation information integration process has been fully reflected in the metaphor of translation.
文摘The lower reach of the Red River between Winnipeg and Lake Winnipeg is very prone to ice jam flooding. The one- dimensional ice jam model RIVICE was implemented for this reach to better understand the processes leading to such events and to provide a tool to evaluate strategies for ice jam mitigation. The most downstream portion of this river stretch flows through a delta and marsh system which poses challenges in modelling ice jams in such an area of low-lying topography and river banks. Solutions to overcome these challenges are discussed in this paper and results of one such solution using water abstractions from the main channel are also presented. Abstractions are inserted in the model to represent under-ice leakage from the main channel to side channel storage and diversions (up to 65% in the Red River delta) and spillage into the delta floodplain.
