Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility o...Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility of EMS has received considerable attention in health and transport geography studies.^([3])One of the optimal gauges for evaluating the accessibility of EMS is the response time,which is defined as the time from receiving an emergency call to the arrival of an ambulance.^([4])Beijing has already reduced the response time to approximately12 min,and the next goal is to ensure that the response time across Beijing does not exceed 12 min (the information comes from the Beijing Emergency Medical Center).展开更多
In this study, an intelligent monitoring platform is established for continuous quantification of soil,vegetation, and atmosphere parameters (e.g. soil suction, rainfall, tree canopy, air temperature, and windspeed) t...In this study, an intelligent monitoring platform is established for continuous quantification of soil,vegetation, and atmosphere parameters (e.g. soil suction, rainfall, tree canopy, air temperature, and windspeed) to provide an efficient dataset for modeling suction response through machine learning. Twocharacteristic parameters representing suction response during wetting processes, i.e. response time andmean reduction rate of suction, are formulated through multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) usingeight selected influential parameters including depth, initial soil suction, vegetation- and atmosphererelated parameters. An error standardebased performance evaluation indicated that MGGP has appreciable potential for model development when working with even fewer than 100 data. Global sensitivityanalysis revealed the importance of tree canopy and mean wind speed to estimation of response timeand indicated that initial soil suction and rainfall amount have an important effect on the estimatedsuction reduction rate during a wetting process. Uncertainty assessment indicated that the two MGGPmodels describing suction response after rainfall are reliable and robust under uncertain conditions. Indepth analysis of spatial variations in suction response validated the robustness of two obtained MGGPmodels in prediction of suction variation characteristics under natural conditions.展开更多
以新能源为主体的电力系统需要灵活性调节资源的支撑,而市场化交易发展不足限制了需求响应灵活调节能力的充分发挥,为此国家出台相关政策积极推进分布式发电市场化交易。在端对端(peer-to-peer,P2P)能源共享市场中,明确需求侧响应意愿...以新能源为主体的电力系统需要灵活性调节资源的支撑,而市场化交易发展不足限制了需求响应灵活调节能力的充分发挥,为此国家出台相关政策积极推进分布式发电市场化交易。在端对端(peer-to-peer,P2P)能源共享市场中,明确需求侧响应意愿与可调度容量,厘清意愿、行为和市场的交互关系,对市场的需求响应策略实施和分布式能量平衡具有重要的意义。在此背景下,提出P2P能源市场下考虑响应意愿动态调整的电动汽车群需求响应策略,基于充放电行为建立了响应意愿量化模型,以表征充放电价格和电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)的影响。采用三角隶属度函数描述意愿的不确定程度。P2P市场交易决策分为定量和定价两阶段,定量阶段在考虑响应意愿影响的基础上,建立市场利益最大化的模糊机会约束规划模型,定价阶段根据价格对意愿的影响,提出改进市场中间价(mid-market rate,MMR)定价方法确定市场收益分配机制。考虑光伏出力波动的影响,利用信息间隙决策理论(information gap decision theory,IGDT)建立需求响应策略鲁棒模型。算例分析表明,考虑意愿动态调整的需求响应策略能够合理调用电动汽车群响应能力,提高可调度容量利用率和市场参与者经济利益,促进光伏就近消纳。展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research & Development Program of China (2022YFC3006201)。
文摘Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital element of the public healthcare system in China,^([1])providing an opportunity to respond to critical medical conditions and save people’s lives.^([2])The accessibility of EMS has received considerable attention in health and transport geography studies.^([3])One of the optimal gauges for evaluating the accessibility of EMS is the response time,which is defined as the time from receiving an emergency call to the arrival of an ambulance.^([4])Beijing has already reduced the response time to approximately12 min,and the next goal is to ensure that the response time across Beijing does not exceed 12 min (the information comes from the Beijing Emergency Medical Center).
基金the financial support funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR (Grant Nos. 0026/2020/AFJ and SKL-IOTSC(UM)-2021-2023)the Funds for University of Macao (Grant No. MYRG2018-00173-FST)
文摘In this study, an intelligent monitoring platform is established for continuous quantification of soil,vegetation, and atmosphere parameters (e.g. soil suction, rainfall, tree canopy, air temperature, and windspeed) to provide an efficient dataset for modeling suction response through machine learning. Twocharacteristic parameters representing suction response during wetting processes, i.e. response time andmean reduction rate of suction, are formulated through multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) usingeight selected influential parameters including depth, initial soil suction, vegetation- and atmosphererelated parameters. An error standardebased performance evaluation indicated that MGGP has appreciable potential for model development when working with even fewer than 100 data. Global sensitivityanalysis revealed the importance of tree canopy and mean wind speed to estimation of response timeand indicated that initial soil suction and rainfall amount have an important effect on the estimatedsuction reduction rate during a wetting process. Uncertainty assessment indicated that the two MGGPmodels describing suction response after rainfall are reliable and robust under uncertain conditions. Indepth analysis of spatial variations in suction response validated the robustness of two obtained MGGPmodels in prediction of suction variation characteristics under natural conditions.
文摘以新能源为主体的电力系统需要灵活性调节资源的支撑,而市场化交易发展不足限制了需求响应灵活调节能力的充分发挥,为此国家出台相关政策积极推进分布式发电市场化交易。在端对端(peer-to-peer,P2P)能源共享市场中,明确需求侧响应意愿与可调度容量,厘清意愿、行为和市场的交互关系,对市场的需求响应策略实施和分布式能量平衡具有重要的意义。在此背景下,提出P2P能源市场下考虑响应意愿动态调整的电动汽车群需求响应策略,基于充放电行为建立了响应意愿量化模型,以表征充放电价格和电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)的影响。采用三角隶属度函数描述意愿的不确定程度。P2P市场交易决策分为定量和定价两阶段,定量阶段在考虑响应意愿影响的基础上,建立市场利益最大化的模糊机会约束规划模型,定价阶段根据价格对意愿的影响,提出改进市场中间价(mid-market rate,MMR)定价方法确定市场收益分配机制。考虑光伏出力波动的影响,利用信息间隙决策理论(information gap decision theory,IGDT)建立需求响应策略鲁棒模型。算例分析表明,考虑意愿动态调整的需求响应策略能够合理调用电动汽车群响应能力,提高可调度容量利用率和市场参与者经济利益,促进光伏就近消纳。
