This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to en...This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial inequalities.Focusing specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as Black.Furthermore,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial biases.By dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black patients.Furthermore,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these technologies.Finally,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the text.Therefore,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their race.It involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black people.Furthermore,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested in various ways,such as unequal access to opportunities,resources,education,employment,and fair treatment within social,economic,and political systems.It is also pertinent to acknowledge that Anti-Black racism is deeply rooted in historical and societal structures throughout the U.S.borders and beyond,leading to systemic disadvantages and disparities that impact the well-being and life chances of Black individuals and communities.Addressing Anti-Black racism involves recognizing and challenging both individual attitudes and systemic structures that contribute to discrimination and inequality.Efforts to combat Anti-Black racism include promoting awareness,education,advocacy for policy changes,and fostering a culture of inclusivity and equality.展开更多
This article aims to understand the training process of history undergraduates,to see if there are decolonial curricular practices to combat racism at the Centro Universitário e Faculdade Projeção(UniPr...This article aims to understand the training process of history undergraduates,to see if there are decolonial curricular practices to combat racism at the Centro Universitário e Faculdade Projeção(UniProjeção)in the Federal District,to understand how coloniality has corroborated the exclusion of different epistemologies and the erasure of different cultures,and how this exclusionary process of coloniality interferes in the training of history teachers.In order to combat this practice,we are looking for alternatives that can break these suppressions carried out by Europeans.In this way,we turn to decolonial ideas that aim to break with the logic of coloniality.We can conclude that these practices are poorly developed in the institution,so we proposed active problem-based methodology and music as a didactic resource.As playful educational tools that strengthen the teaching-learning process,they are active agents in the decolonial work of combating racism,and it is essential to train responsible and ethical teachers in the fight against racism and any form of oppression.展开更多
Although slavery was abolished in the 1860s,its influence still continued and the blacks were not readily assimilated into the large American culture.Most of them remain in the South,where they were legally segregated...Although slavery was abolished in the 1860s,its influence still continued and the blacks were not readily assimilated into the large American culture.Most of them remain in the South,where they were legally segregated from whites.This paper takes the Hollywood movie The Help as an example,and describes racism embodied in the movie and analyzes the root of racism.It is hoped that this paper will help readers to have a better understanding of racism in the United States.展开更多
Oppressed by sexism from Chinese culture and racism in American society, Kingston modified the Chinese folktale image HUA Mu-lan by endowing her with strength and power. From the new image of the Swordswoman, we can s...Oppressed by sexism from Chinese culture and racism in American society, Kingston modified the Chinese folktale image HUA Mu-lan by endowing her with strength and power. From the new image of the Swordswoman, we can see the feminist ideas in the author＇s mind and her hatred of unfair treatment in America. This paper mainly talks about how and why Kingston modifies the image and culture integrity rather than conflict in her mind.展开更多
Racism,which has been a deeply rooted feature of so many human societies across the world for centuries,has become rampant in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic.In the past racism was thought to be as somehow“natura...Racism,which has been a deeply rooted feature of so many human societies across the world for centuries,has become rampant in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic.In the past racism was thought to be as somehow“natural”or“biological.”Later on,sociologists recognized“race”as a socially and culturally constructed ideology,which exists in a society at both the individual and institutional levels.Further down the timeline,psychologists viewed racism as an individual or a collective psychological defensive mechanism generated by feelings of fear,insecurity,and anxiety in the face of imminent or presumed internal or external threat.No matter how it is described,racism has become rampant in the shadow of COVID-19,manifested in the incidents of racial slurs and verbal abuse,online bullying,physical attacks,vandalism,and others.It took the forms of white supremacy,xenophobia,Sinophobia,and institutional and aversive racism.It was institutionalized,politicized,and religionized.Given this increasing occurrence of racism triggered by COVID-19,this paper tried to trace the historical roots of racism,followed by the analysis of the specific incidents of anti-Asian racism and discrimination related to COVID-19 in the United States.This paper also sketched the psychological implications of racism and some coping mechanisms for the victims.展开更多
The seminar on Addressing Contemporary Forms of Racism:Challenges Posed by the Pandemic and the National Responses",guided by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and co-hosted by the Center for Human Right...The seminar on Addressing Contemporary Forms of Racism:Challenges Posed by the Pandemic and the National Responses",guided by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and co-hosted by the Center for Human Rights Studies of Central South University,Cross Cultural Human Rights Centre-Vrije University Amsterdam and China Top Think Tank-Wuhan University Institute of International Law,was held on July 3rd,2020.Nearly 20 experts and scholars in the field of human rights from China,the United States,the Netherlands,Germany,South Africa and other countries,as well as the United Nations attended the seminar The seminar focused on addressing contemporary forms of racism,the challenges posed by COVID-19 and the national responses,which has important theoretical significance and practical value for eliminating racism worldwide,constructing a global community of health for all and achieving the common development of mankind.展开更多
Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europ...Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.展开更多
Anti-Chinese racism in Canada is a social structure of racialized exclusion that over time came to be built into the settler colonialism that continues to shape the country.Colonizers of European,and especially of Bri...Anti-Chinese racism in Canada is a social structure of racialized exclusion that over time came to be built into the settler colonialism that continues to shape the country.Colonizers of European,and especially of British and French origins,have consequently created the cultural landscapes that constitute the country(i.e.,its material constructions and dominant cultural overlays).When read against these landscapes,people of Chinese origins and members of other racialized groups continue to be positioned as aliens who do not belong in the country in way in which people racialized as white are not.Focusing on British Columbia(BC),Canada's westernmost province,and the historical activity of people of Chinese origins,this paper traces the history of anti-Chinese racism and its links to Anglo-Canadian settler colonialism.Canada has long been linked to China,and the Chinese entered BC at the same time as Europeans before the country existed.Despite this,Chinese people have repeatedly been positioned as threats to Anglo-Canadian dominance,and especially to control over the land and its resources.Chinese Canadian resistance to racist exclusions,along with that of other groups,has led to the elimination of legislated exclusions.However,historic exclusions continue to shape cultural landscapes and popular understandings of who belongs and who does not.Remaking these landscapes requires an antiracist project of pursuing common projects that cross over racialized differences to remake the territory in ways that affirm the presence of all the peoples of Canada.展开更多
As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future di...As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.展开更多
This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape t...This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape their learning trajectory and how we could provide equitable and quality education for international students.Espousing a qualitative case study design,six students from different background were interviewed to examine features of perceived institutional racism based on their learning experience in Korea.Major findings showed that internationalization has not been fulfilled in terms of engaging with international students although Korean government and higher education institutions have developed relevant policy to attract international students.This study indicates that Korean universities need to reconstruct their social,cultural,and institutional systems to embrace equity,diversity and inclusiveness to empower international students’capacity.展开更多
文摘This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial inequalities.Focusing specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as Black.Furthermore,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial biases.By dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black patients.Furthermore,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these technologies.Finally,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the text.Therefore,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their race.It involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black people.Furthermore,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested in various ways,such as unequal access to opportunities,resources,education,employment,and fair treatment within social,economic,and political systems.It is also pertinent to acknowledge that Anti-Black racism is deeply rooted in historical and societal structures throughout the U.S.borders and beyond,leading to systemic disadvantages and disparities that impact the well-being and life chances of Black individuals and communities.Addressing Anti-Black racism involves recognizing and challenging both individual attitudes and systemic structures that contribute to discrimination and inequality.Efforts to combat Anti-Black racism include promoting awareness,education,advocacy for policy changes,and fostering a culture of inclusivity and equality.
文摘This article aims to understand the training process of history undergraduates,to see if there are decolonial curricular practices to combat racism at the Centro Universitário e Faculdade Projeção(UniProjeção)in the Federal District,to understand how coloniality has corroborated the exclusion of different epistemologies and the erasure of different cultures,and how this exclusionary process of coloniality interferes in the training of history teachers.In order to combat this practice,we are looking for alternatives that can break these suppressions carried out by Europeans.In this way,we turn to decolonial ideas that aim to break with the logic of coloniality.We can conclude that these practices are poorly developed in the institution,so we proposed active problem-based methodology and music as a didactic resource.As playful educational tools that strengthen the teaching-learning process,they are active agents in the decolonial work of combating racism,and it is essential to train responsible and ethical teachers in the fight against racism and any form of oppression.
文摘Although slavery was abolished in the 1860s,its influence still continued and the blacks were not readily assimilated into the large American culture.Most of them remain in the South,where they were legally segregated from whites.This paper takes the Hollywood movie The Help as an example,and describes racism embodied in the movie and analyzes the root of racism.It is hoped that this paper will help readers to have a better understanding of racism in the United States.
文摘Oppressed by sexism from Chinese culture and racism in American society, Kingston modified the Chinese folktale image HUA Mu-lan by endowing her with strength and power. From the new image of the Swordswoman, we can see the feminist ideas in the author＇s mind and her hatred of unfair treatment in America. This paper mainly talks about how and why Kingston modifies the image and culture integrity rather than conflict in her mind.
文摘Racism,which has been a deeply rooted feature of so many human societies across the world for centuries,has become rampant in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic.In the past racism was thought to be as somehow“natural”or“biological.”Later on,sociologists recognized“race”as a socially and culturally constructed ideology,which exists in a society at both the individual and institutional levels.Further down the timeline,psychologists viewed racism as an individual or a collective psychological defensive mechanism generated by feelings of fear,insecurity,and anxiety in the face of imminent or presumed internal or external threat.No matter how it is described,racism has become rampant in the shadow of COVID-19,manifested in the incidents of racial slurs and verbal abuse,online bullying,physical attacks,vandalism,and others.It took the forms of white supremacy,xenophobia,Sinophobia,and institutional and aversive racism.It was institutionalized,politicized,and religionized.Given this increasing occurrence of racism triggered by COVID-19,this paper tried to trace the historical roots of racism,followed by the analysis of the specific incidents of anti-Asian racism and discrimination related to COVID-19 in the United States.This paper also sketched the psychological implications of racism and some coping mechanisms for the victims.
文摘The seminar on Addressing Contemporary Forms of Racism:Challenges Posed by the Pandemic and the National Responses",guided by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and co-hosted by the Center for Human Rights Studies of Central South University,Cross Cultural Human Rights Centre-Vrije University Amsterdam and China Top Think Tank-Wuhan University Institute of International Law,was held on July 3rd,2020.Nearly 20 experts and scholars in the field of human rights from China,the United States,the Netherlands,Germany,South Africa and other countries,as well as the United Nations attended the seminar The seminar focused on addressing contemporary forms of racism,the challenges posed by COVID-19 and the national responses,which has important theoretical significance and practical value for eliminating racism worldwide,constructing a global community of health for all and achieving the common development of mankind.
文摘Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.
文摘Anti-Chinese racism in Canada is a social structure of racialized exclusion that over time came to be built into the settler colonialism that continues to shape the country.Colonizers of European,and especially of British and French origins,have consequently created the cultural landscapes that constitute the country(i.e.,its material constructions and dominant cultural overlays).When read against these landscapes,people of Chinese origins and members of other racialized groups continue to be positioned as aliens who do not belong in the country in way in which people racialized as white are not.Focusing on British Columbia(BC),Canada's westernmost province,and the historical activity of people of Chinese origins,this paper traces the history of anti-Chinese racism and its links to Anglo-Canadian settler colonialism.Canada has long been linked to China,and the Chinese entered BC at the same time as Europeans before the country existed.Despite this,Chinese people have repeatedly been positioned as threats to Anglo-Canadian dominance,and especially to control over the land and its resources.Chinese Canadian resistance to racist exclusions,along with that of other groups,has led to the elimination of legislated exclusions.However,historic exclusions continue to shape cultural landscapes and popular understandings of who belongs and who does not.Remaking these landscapes requires an antiracist project of pursuing common projects that cross over racialized differences to remake the territory in ways that affirm the presence of all the peoples of Canada.
文摘As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.
文摘This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape their learning trajectory and how we could provide equitable and quality education for international students.Espousing a qualitative case study design,six students from different background were interviewed to examine features of perceived institutional racism based on their learning experience in Korea.Major findings showed that internationalization has not been fulfilled in terms of engaging with international students although Korean government and higher education institutions have developed relevant policy to attract international students.This study indicates that Korean universities need to reconstruct their social,cultural,and institutional systems to embrace equity,diversity and inclusiveness to empower international students’capacity.
