The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and contexts.However,only a limited number of free tools are...The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and contexts.However,only a limited number of free tools are available for this purpose.Given this lack of tools,the present study provides two approaches to facilitate the implementa-tion of an event study.The first approach consists of a set of MS Excel files based on the Fama–French five-factor model,which allows the application of the event study methodology in a semi-automatic manner.The second approach is an open-source R-programmed tool through which results can be obtained in the context of an event study without the need for programming knowledge.This tool widens the calculus possibilities provided by the first approach and offers the option to apply not only the Fama–French five-factor model but also other models that are common in the finan-cial literature.It is a user-friendly tool that enables reproducibility of the analysis and ensures that the calculations are free of manipulation errors.Both approaches are freely available and ready-to-use.展开更多
BACKGROUND With the increasing of the global aging population,healthy aging and prevention of age-related diseases have become increasingly important.The liver,a vital organ involved in metabolism,detoxification,diges...BACKGROUND With the increasing of the global aging population,healthy aging and prevention of age-related diseases have become increasingly important.The liver,a vital organ involved in metabolism,detoxification,digestion,and immunity,holds a pivotal role in the aging process of organisms.Although extensive research on liver aging has been carried out,no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to evaluate the scientific progress in this area.AIM To analyze basic knowledge,development trends,and current research frontiers in the field via bibliometric methods.METHODS We conducted bibliometric analyses via a range of analytical tools including Python,the bibliometrix package in R,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.We retrieved publication data on liver aging research from the Web of Science Core Collection Database.A scientific knowledge map was constructed to display the contributions from different authors,journals,countries,institutions,as well as patterns of co-occurrence keywords and co-cited references.Additionally,gene regulation pathways associated with liver aging were analyzed via the STRING database.RESULTS We identified 4288 articles on liver aging,authored by 24034 contributors from 4092 institutions across 85 countries.Notably,the years 1991 and 2020 presented significant bursts in publication output.The United States led in terms of publications(n=1008,25.1%),citations(n=55205),and international collaborations(multiple country publications=214).Keywords such as“lipid metabolism”,“fatty liver disease”,“inflammation”,“liver fibrosis”and“target”were prominent,highlighting the current research hotspots.Notably,the top 64 genes,each of which appeared in at least 8 articles,were involved in pathways essential for cell survival and aging,including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Forkhead box O and p53 signaling pathways.CONCLUSION This study highlights key areas of liver aging and offers a comprehensive overview of research trends,as well as insights into potential value for collaborative pursuits and clinical implementations.展开更多
After 30 years of economic development, the high-tech industry has played </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">important ro...After 30 years of economic development, the high-tech industry has played </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">important role in China’s national economy. The development of high-level</span><span style="font-family:"font-size:10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">technological industry plays a leading role in guiding the transformation of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">China’s economy from “investment-driven” to “technology-driven”. The</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> high-tech industry represents the future industrial development direction and plays a positive role in promoting the transformation of traditional industries. The rapid development of high-tech industry is the key to social progress. In this paper, the traditional analytical model of statistics is combined with principal component analysis and spatial analysis, and R language is used to express the analytical results intuitively on the map. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation is established.展开更多
This research paper compares Excel and R language for data analysis and concludes that R language is more suitable for complex data analysis tasks.R language’s open-source nature makes it accessible to everyone,and i...This research paper compares Excel and R language for data analysis and concludes that R language is more suitable for complex data analysis tasks.R language’s open-source nature makes it accessible to everyone,and its powerful data management and analysis tools make it suitable for handling complex data analysis tasks.It is also highly customizable,allowing users to create custom functions and packages to meet their specific needs.Additionally,R language provides high reproducibility,making it easy to replicate and verify research results,and it has excellent collaboration capabilities,enabling multiple users to work on the same project simultaneously.These advantages make R language a more suitable choice for complex data analysis tasks,particularly in scientific research and business applications.The findings of this study will help people understand that R is not just a language that can handle more data than Excel and demonstrate that r is essential to the field of data analysis.At the same time,it will also help users and organizations make informed decisions regarding their data analysis needs and software preferences.展开更多
Total organic carbon(TOC)content is a crucial evaluation parameter in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Marine-continental transitional shale is characterized by strong heterogeneity and thin single...Total organic carbon(TOC)content is a crucial evaluation parameter in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Marine-continental transitional shale is characterized by strong heterogeneity and thin single-layer thickness.The discrete TOC data measured by experimental methods are unable to accurately reflect the reservoir characteristics of marine-continental transitional shale.In this paper,a multivariate nonlinear regression prediction model(R-MNR)was established,and the model was applied to predict the TOC content of shale for the first time.TheΔlgR model,multiple linear regression model(MLR),BP neural network model(BP model),and R-MNR model were built to predict the TOC of shale in Benxi Formation.The coefficient of determination(R2),mean-absolute-percentage-error(MAPE),root-mean-square-error(RMSE),and the number of input layer parameters(NILP)were employed to assess the efficacy of the model through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)method.The total weight of R-MNR is 0.361,and that of BP model is 0.336.The weights of the two traditional models are 0.104 and 0.199,respectively.The results indicate that the R-MNR is comparable to the BP model in terms of prediction accuracy,and both models are significantly more accurate than the traditional prediction model.The R-MNR is capable of obtaining a clear TOC prediction formula,which is convenient for verification and promotion.During the training process of the R-MNR,the influence of each parameter and coupling relationship on the prediction results is elucidated,which enables researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the geophysical significance and geological process of the model.The result of this study suggests that the R-MNR can be employed to predict the TOC content of marine-continental transitional shale effectively in the future.展开更多
Objective:The R language was used to quantitatively compare themedication patterns ofMongolian medicines used for the treatment of liver diseases between China and Mongolia,with a view to provide a reference for the r...Objective:The R language was used to quantitatively compare themedication patterns ofMongolian medicines used for the treatment of liver diseases between China and Mongolia,with a view to provide a reference for the research and clinical application of Mongolian medicines in the treatment of liver diseases.Methods:The Mongolian medicinal prescriptions used for treating liver disease in Mongolia were collected from the Mongolian Pharmacy and Mongolian Treatment Guide for Common diseases in Mongolian Medicine,and those used in China were collected from the Inner Mongolia Standard for Mongolian Proprietary Medicine and Annotation of Mongolian Medicine Preparation Specifications.After the database was established,the frequency,properties,and tastes of the Mongolian medicines were analyzed,and R studio was used for the association rules analysis and cluster analysis.Results:A total of 27 prescriptions used in Inner Mongolia,China,were collected involving 105 Mongolian medicines,with a total frequency of 284.Among them,there were 18 high-frequency medicines(frequency≥5),which had a frequency of 147,accounting for 51.76%of the total frequency.The medicine with the highest frequency(14,4.93%)was Carthamus tinctorius L..The analysis of the medicine data in China revealed 15 association rules.A total of 21 prescriptions used in Mongolia were collected,involving 92 Mongolian medicines,with a total frequency of 254.Among them,there were 17 high-frequency(frequency≥5)medicines,with a total frequency of 124(48.82%).The medicine with the highest frequency(13,5.12%)was Carthamus tinctorius L..The analysis of the medicine data in Mongolia revealed 79 association rules.In both regions,the high-frequency medicines used for treating liver disease commonly had cool or warm property with bitter or sweet taste.Conclusions:Carthamus tinctorius L.,Terminalia chebula Retz.,and other Mongolian medicines are commonly used to treat liver diseases in Inner Mongolia and Mongolia.The Mongolian medicines with cool or warm property and bitter,sweet,or astringent taste are commonly used to protect the liver.展开更多
基金the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Empresa i Coneixement of the Catalan government,and to Universitat Ramon Llull for their financial support.The financial support for this work did not influence its outcome.
文摘The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and contexts.However,only a limited number of free tools are available for this purpose.Given this lack of tools,the present study provides two approaches to facilitate the implementa-tion of an event study.The first approach consists of a set of MS Excel files based on the Fama–French five-factor model,which allows the application of the event study methodology in a semi-automatic manner.The second approach is an open-source R-programmed tool through which results can be obtained in the context of an event study without the need for programming knowledge.This tool widens the calculus possibilities provided by the first approach and offers the option to apply not only the Fama–French five-factor model but also other models that are common in the finan-cial literature.It is a user-friendly tool that enables reproducibility of the analysis and ensures that the calculations are free of manipulation errors.Both approaches are freely available and ready-to-use.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82271587,No.82172600,No.81972270,No.91849108,and No.82200665the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2022YFC3401601+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LY22H030009the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2023ZL480the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province,No.2023RC153.
文摘BACKGROUND With the increasing of the global aging population,healthy aging and prevention of age-related diseases have become increasingly important.The liver,a vital organ involved in metabolism,detoxification,digestion,and immunity,holds a pivotal role in the aging process of organisms.Although extensive research on liver aging has been carried out,no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to evaluate the scientific progress in this area.AIM To analyze basic knowledge,development trends,and current research frontiers in the field via bibliometric methods.METHODS We conducted bibliometric analyses via a range of analytical tools including Python,the bibliometrix package in R,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.We retrieved publication data on liver aging research from the Web of Science Core Collection Database.A scientific knowledge map was constructed to display the contributions from different authors,journals,countries,institutions,as well as patterns of co-occurrence keywords and co-cited references.Additionally,gene regulation pathways associated with liver aging were analyzed via the STRING database.RESULTS We identified 4288 articles on liver aging,authored by 24034 contributors from 4092 institutions across 85 countries.Notably,the years 1991 and 2020 presented significant bursts in publication output.The United States led in terms of publications(n=1008,25.1%),citations(n=55205),and international collaborations(multiple country publications=214).Keywords such as“lipid metabolism”,“fatty liver disease”,“inflammation”,“liver fibrosis”and“target”were prominent,highlighting the current research hotspots.Notably,the top 64 genes,each of which appeared in at least 8 articles,were involved in pathways essential for cell survival and aging,including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Forkhead box O and p53 signaling pathways.CONCLUSION This study highlights key areas of liver aging and offers a comprehensive overview of research trends,as well as insights into potential value for collaborative pursuits and clinical implementations.
文摘After 30 years of economic development, the high-tech industry has played </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">important role in China’s national economy. The development of high-level</span><span style="font-family:"font-size:10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">technological industry plays a leading role in guiding the transformation of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">China’s economy from “investment-driven” to “technology-driven”. The</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> high-tech industry represents the future industrial development direction and plays a positive role in promoting the transformation of traditional industries. The rapid development of high-tech industry is the key to social progress. In this paper, the traditional analytical model of statistics is combined with principal component analysis and spatial analysis, and R language is used to express the analytical results intuitively on the map. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation is established.
文摘This research paper compares Excel and R language for data analysis and concludes that R language is more suitable for complex data analysis tasks.R language’s open-source nature makes it accessible to everyone,and its powerful data management and analysis tools make it suitable for handling complex data analysis tasks.It is also highly customizable,allowing users to create custom functions and packages to meet their specific needs.Additionally,R language provides high reproducibility,making it easy to replicate and verify research results,and it has excellent collaboration capabilities,enabling multiple users to work on the same project simultaneously.These advantages make R language a more suitable choice for complex data analysis tasks,particularly in scientific research and business applications.The findings of this study will help people understand that R is not just a language that can handle more data than Excel and demonstrate that r is essential to the field of data analysis.At the same time,it will also help users and organizations make informed decisions regarding their data analysis needs and software preferences.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42372194)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(No.20210302123165),the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024T170634)the Open Fund Project of Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Coal Measure Gas Co-production(ZZGSSASMCYJ2024-0306).
文摘Total organic carbon(TOC)content is a crucial evaluation parameter in the process of shale gas exploration and development.Marine-continental transitional shale is characterized by strong heterogeneity and thin single-layer thickness.The discrete TOC data measured by experimental methods are unable to accurately reflect the reservoir characteristics of marine-continental transitional shale.In this paper,a multivariate nonlinear regression prediction model(R-MNR)was established,and the model was applied to predict the TOC content of shale for the first time.TheΔlgR model,multiple linear regression model(MLR),BP neural network model(BP model),and R-MNR model were built to predict the TOC of shale in Benxi Formation.The coefficient of determination(R2),mean-absolute-percentage-error(MAPE),root-mean-square-error(RMSE),and the number of input layer parameters(NILP)were employed to assess the efficacy of the model through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)method.The total weight of R-MNR is 0.361,and that of BP model is 0.336.The weights of the two traditional models are 0.104 and 0.199,respectively.The results indicate that the R-MNR is comparable to the BP model in terms of prediction accuracy,and both models are significantly more accurate than the traditional prediction model.The R-MNR is capable of obtaining a clear TOC prediction formula,which is convenient for verification and promotion.During the training process of the R-MNR,the influence of each parameter and coupling relationship on the prediction results is elucidated,which enables researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the geophysical significance and geological process of the model.The result of this study suggests that the R-MNR can be employed to predict the TOC content of marine-continental transitional shale effectively in the future.
基金National Key Research and Development Programof China(grant number:2021YFE0190100).
文摘Objective:The R language was used to quantitatively compare themedication patterns ofMongolian medicines used for the treatment of liver diseases between China and Mongolia,with a view to provide a reference for the research and clinical application of Mongolian medicines in the treatment of liver diseases.Methods:The Mongolian medicinal prescriptions used for treating liver disease in Mongolia were collected from the Mongolian Pharmacy and Mongolian Treatment Guide for Common diseases in Mongolian Medicine,and those used in China were collected from the Inner Mongolia Standard for Mongolian Proprietary Medicine and Annotation of Mongolian Medicine Preparation Specifications.After the database was established,the frequency,properties,and tastes of the Mongolian medicines were analyzed,and R studio was used for the association rules analysis and cluster analysis.Results:A total of 27 prescriptions used in Inner Mongolia,China,were collected involving 105 Mongolian medicines,with a total frequency of 284.Among them,there were 18 high-frequency medicines(frequency≥5),which had a frequency of 147,accounting for 51.76%of the total frequency.The medicine with the highest frequency(14,4.93%)was Carthamus tinctorius L..The analysis of the medicine data in China revealed 15 association rules.A total of 21 prescriptions used in Mongolia were collected,involving 92 Mongolian medicines,with a total frequency of 254.Among them,there were 17 high-frequency(frequency≥5)medicines,with a total frequency of 124(48.82%).The medicine with the highest frequency(13,5.12%)was Carthamus tinctorius L..The analysis of the medicine data in Mongolia revealed 79 association rules.In both regions,the high-frequency medicines used for treating liver disease commonly had cool or warm property with bitter or sweet taste.Conclusions:Carthamus tinctorius L.,Terminalia chebula Retz.,and other Mongolian medicines are commonly used to treat liver diseases in Inner Mongolia and Mongolia.The Mongolian medicines with cool or warm property and bitter,sweet,or astringent taste are commonly used to protect the liver.
