BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors...Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.展开更多
The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmiss...The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.展开更多
The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics ...The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,a series of uniaxial compression tests were performed by integrating digital image correlation(DIC)technology into the testing apparatus.The evolution law of the uniaxial compression strength(UCS),the failure strain,and the formation of the shear band of the frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil were analyzed.The test results show that within the scope of this study,with the increase of salt content,both the UCS and the shear band angle initially decrease with increasing salt content before showing an increase.In contrast,the failure strain and the width of the shear band exhibit an initial increase followed by a decrease in the samples.In addition,to investigate the brittle failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,two classic brittleness evaluation methods were employed to quantitatively assess the brittleness level for the soil samples.The findings suggest that the failure characteristics under all test conditions in this study belong to the transition stage between brittle and ductile,indicating that frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil exhibits certain brittle behavior under uniaxial compression conditions,and the brittleness index basically decreases and then increases with the rise in salt content.展开更多
This article focuses on the factors influencing fracture nonunion, classification and treatment. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the influencing factors and mechanisms of fracture healing for de...This article focuses on the factors influencing fracture nonunion, classification and treatment. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the influencing factors and mechanisms of fracture healing for developing effective treatment strategies and improving patients’ quality of life. It also points out the challenges of current treatment, such as patient compliance and limitations of treatment methods, and looks at future treatment directions.展开更多
Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the co...Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.展开更多
A new extended distribution called the Odd Exponential Generalized Exponential-Exponential distribution(EOEGE-E)is proposed based on generalization of the odd generalized exponential family(OEGE-E).The statistical pro...A new extended distribution called the Odd Exponential Generalized Exponential-Exponential distribution(EOEGE-E)is proposed based on generalization of the odd generalized exponential family(OEGE-E).The statistical properties of the proposed distribution are derived.The study evaluates the accuracy of six estimation methods under complete samples.Estimation techniques include maximumlikelihood,ordinary least squares,weighted least squares,maximumproduct of spacing,Cramer vonMises,and Anderson-Darling methods.Twomethods of estimation for the involved parameters are considered based on progressively type Ⅱ censored data(PTⅡC).These methods are maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacing.The proposed distribution’s effectiveness was evaluated using different data sets from various fields.The proposed distribution provides a better fit for these datasets than existing probability distributions.展开更多
This paper systematically reviews the research progress of Advance Care Planning(ACP)in the field of lung cancer,and discusses its implementation status,key influencing factors and future development direction,includi...This paper systematically reviews the research progress of Advance Care Planning(ACP)in the field of lung cancer,and discusses its implementation status,key influencing factors and future development direction,including deepening of theoretical research,innovation of practice mode,optimization of policy support and cultural adaptation research.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and...AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and 18y from nine schools in Baiyun District of Guangzhou,China were sampled using a stratified sampling method in 2020.Among them,1066 students participated in the follow-up survey the following year.Data were obtained based on ocular examinations and a questionnaire survey conducted during two visits.Factors potentially influencing the progression of myopia were analyzed.RESULTS:During the year assessed in this study,the percentage of students with myopia increased from 58.4%to 64.8%(P=0.002).Spherical equivalent(SE)progressed from-1.44±1.91 diopters(D)at baseline to-1.66±1.10 D(P=0.005).A generalized estimating equation(GEE)model revealed that age[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.298,P<0.001],residential students(aOR=2.428,P=0.018),parental myopia(one myopic parent:aOR=1.553,both parents myopic:aOR=2.609,P<0.001),frequent reading of books or viewing of screens in direct sunlight(aOR=3.502,P=0.023),using only overhead lighting for reading and writing at night(aOR=1.633,P=0.011),parental restrictions on exercise time(aOR=2.286,P=0.012),and having less than 2h of outdoor exercise per day during the past week(aOR=1.584,P=0.019)were all identified as independent risk factors for progression of myopia.CONCLUSION:Our findings in this study indicate that age,residential students,parental myopia,indoor lighting environment,and physical activity have significant effects on the progression of myopia,providing evidence for further in-depth mechanistic interpretation and efficient intervention strategies for school-age children in this area.展开更多
Delirium is a transient and acute syndrome of encephalopathy,characterized by disturbances in consciousness,orientation,cognition,perception,and emotional regulation,often accompanied by hallucinations,illusions,psych...Delirium is a transient and acute syndrome of encephalopathy,characterized by disturbances in consciousness,orientation,cognition,perception,and emotional regulation,often accompanied by hallucinations,illusions,psychomotor agitation,and restlessness.Postoperative delirium(POD),a common complication particularly in elderly patients,significantly impacts recovery by prolonging mechanical ventilation,neurosurgical intensive care unit stays,and overall hospitalization durations,while severely diminishing patients’quality of life after discharge.Despite its prevalence,POD remains underrecognized in clinical practice,with significant gaps in its diagnosis and management.This review explores the definition,diagnostic criteria,underlying pathogenesis,and associated risk factors of POD in neurosurgical patients,aiming to offer valuable insights for improving clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory v...Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory versus degenerative dichotomy.This was based on a broad misconception regarding essentially all neurodegenerative conditions,depicting the degenerative process as passive and immune-independent occurring as a late byproduct of active inflammation in the central nervous system(CNS),which is(solely)systemically driven.展开更多
Background Progressive oxidative stress easily occurs as a result of a gradual increase in the intensity of maternal metabolism due to rapid foetal development and increased intensity of lactation.However,studies on t...Background Progressive oxidative stress easily occurs as a result of a gradual increase in the intensity of maternal metabolism due to rapid foetal development and increased intensity of lactation.However,studies on the effects of processive oxidative stress on nutrient transport in the placenta have received little attention.The present study was conducted on sows at 85 days of gestation to study the effects of pterostilbene(PTE)on maternal oxidative stress status and placental nutrient transport.Results PTE increased the antioxidant capacity and immunoglobulin content in mothers’blood and milk,reduced the level of inflammatory factors,and improved the nutrient content of milk.PTE also reduced sow backfat loss and the number of weak sons,and increased piglet weaning weight and total weaning litter weight.We subsequently found that PTE enhanced placental glucose and fatty acid transport and further affected glycolipid metabolism by increasing the expression of LAL,PYGM,and Gbe-1,which activated the PI3K phosphorylation pathway.Moreover,PTE addition altered the relative abundance of the Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Parabacillus,and Bacteroidetes-like RF16 groups in sow faeces.PTE increased the levels of acetate,propionate,butyrate and isovalerate in the faeces.Conclusions These findings reveal that the addition of PTE during pregnancy and lactation mitigates the effects of processive oxidative stress on offspring development by altering maternal microbial and placental nutrient trans-port capacity.展开更多
Trimethoprim(TMP),as a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic,is widely used in clinical anti-infection therapy and livestock breeding.However,its low water solubility leads to insufficient bioavailability,which has...Trimethoprim(TMP),as a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic,is widely used in clinical anti-infection therapy and livestock breeding.However,its low water solubility leads to insufficient bioavailability,which has become a key problem restricting its development.Cyclodextrins and their derivatives,with their unique cyclic structures,can form inclusion complexes with TMP to improve its properties.This article reviews the pharmacological characteristics of TMP,the types and properties of common cyclodextrins,focusing on introducing various preparation methods of trimethoprim cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and multiple characterization methods for identifying the inclusion complexes,aiming to provide a reference for further research and development of trimethoprim cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.展开更多
In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life...In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The conventional treatment methods include weight loss and regulating the body’s metabolism.Semaglutide,as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1RA),mainly reduces patients’appetite,decreases their craving for high-fat and high-sugar foods,regulates hypothalamic feeding behavior,inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility,and ultimately leads to weight loss.Metformin mainly acts on extra-islet tissues,increasing glucose utilization,reducing glucose production,and ultimately lowering blood glucose levels.Based on this,this article reviews relevant literature on authoritative websites such as CNKI and Wanfang,organizes the data,and analyzes the research progress of semaglutide combined with metformin in the treatment of obese T2DM.The aim is to bring more treatment options for obese T2DM and promote better prognosis for patients.展开更多
Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progress...Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progression of various solid tumours,including OC.Aberrant sialylation promotes tumour progression and metastasis by altering the structure and function of glycoproteins.Although its role in several solid tumours is well documented,the role of abnormal sialylation in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target remain poorly understood.This review highlights sialylation as a key regulator of the progression,metastasis,and drug resistance of OC.A deeper understanding of altered sialylation can contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for OC.展开更多
Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness,anhedonia,guilt,fatigue,and impaired concentration.Although pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy can be effective,their utility is l...Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness,anhedonia,guilt,fatigue,and impaired concentration.Although pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy can be effective,their utility is limited by adverse effects and significant inter-individual variability.Non-pharmacological therapies from traditional medicine have emerged as promising adjuncts owing to their favorable safety profiles,minimal side effects,and high patient compliance.These therapies,including acupoint stimulation,meditation,and yoga,produce antidepressant effects by reducing neuroinflammation,modulating neurotransmitter release,enhancing neuroplasticity,and regulating the gut-brain axis.This review summarizes clinical applications and mechanistic insights of traditional medicine’s non-pharmacological therapies for depression,providing a scientific rationale for their integration into comprehensive management.展开更多
Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research fun...Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.展开更多
Nursing students often exhibit emotional suppression,avoidance,or over-expression when confronted with high-pressure work environments and emotional challenges.These disorders affect nursing students mental health,pro...Nursing students often exhibit emotional suppression,avoidance,or over-expression when confronted with high-pressure work environments and emotional challenges.These disorders affect nursing students mental health,professional adaptation,and quality of communication with patients.The causes of emotional expression difficulties include individual personality,emotional intelligence,educational background,and socio-cultural pressures.To address this issue,it is recommended to enhance nursing students emotional expression and regulation capabilities through psychological interventions,emotional intelligence training,and optimization of educational systems,thereby improving their mental health and career development,ultimately enhancing nursing service quality and doctor-patient relationships.展开更多
Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data ...Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data for the diagnosis,treatment and management of SHS.A 60-year-old female with incidentally detected splenic mass(6.0 cm×5.7 cm)underwent splenectomy,confirmed as SHS in 2020.Post-op imatinib therapy was given.In 2022,hepatic metastases(2.4 cm×2.9 cm)with pancytopenia led to supportive care.Lesions enlarged to 4.3 cm×2.7 cm,leading to multi-organ failure and death at 33 months.The case was categorized into three distinct stages based on the pathophysiology of SHS:Early-stage splenic tumor growth,mid-stage liver metastasis with hematological abnormalities,and late-stage tumor infiltration leading to multiorgan failure.For SHS,this case highlights the pivotal role of early intervention and the value of personalized treatment strategies.展开更多
Deep learning-based Joint Source-Channel Coding(JSCC)is a crucial component in semantic communication,and recent research has made significant progress in adapting to different channels.In this paper,we propose a mult...Deep learning-based Joint Source-Channel Coding(JSCC)is a crucial component in semantic communication,and recent research has made significant progress in adapting to different channels.In this paper,we propose a multi-stage progressive technique called Deep learning based Progressive Joint Source-Channel Coding(DP-JSCC).This approach partitions the source into multiple stages and transmits the signals continuously.The receiver gradually enhances the quality of image reconstruction by progressively receiving the signals,offering greater flexibility compared to existing dynamic rate transmission methods.The model adopts a lightweight architectural design,where we introduce an efficient module called the Inverted Shuffle Attention Bottleneck(ISAB)and incorporate self-attention mechanisms in the encoding and decoding process to capture signal correlations and establish long-range dependencies.Additionally,we introduce the Progressive Focus Weight Allocation(PFWA)method to improve the image reconstruction capability in progressive transmission tasks.These design enhance the expressive capacity of the model.Simulation results demonstrate that DP-JSCC can flexibly adjust the transmission rate according to requirements without the need for retraining or deployment,enabling continuous optimization of signals at different rates.Furthermore,compared to stateof-the-art JSCC methods,DP-JSCC exhibits advantages in terms of computational complexity,parameter count,and reconstruction performance.展开更多
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
基金supported by the Program for Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen(2021N062-JCYJ20210324115408023)Guangdong High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund。
文摘Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0304402)。
文摘The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42372312,and 42172299)the Pyramid Talent Training Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(Grant No.JDYC20220807).
文摘The progressive failure characteristics of geomaterial are a remarkable and challenging topic in geotechnical engineering.To study the effect of salt content and temperature on the progressive failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,a series of uniaxial compression tests were performed by integrating digital image correlation(DIC)technology into the testing apparatus.The evolution law of the uniaxial compression strength(UCS),the failure strain,and the formation of the shear band of the frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil were analyzed.The test results show that within the scope of this study,with the increase of salt content,both the UCS and the shear band angle initially decrease with increasing salt content before showing an increase.In contrast,the failure strain and the width of the shear band exhibit an initial increase followed by a decrease in the samples.In addition,to investigate the brittle failure characteristics of frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil,two classic brittleness evaluation methods were employed to quantitatively assess the brittleness level for the soil samples.The findings suggest that the failure characteristics under all test conditions in this study belong to the transition stage between brittle and ductile,indicating that frozen sodium sulfate saline sandy soil exhibits certain brittle behavior under uniaxial compression conditions,and the brittleness index basically decreases and then increases with the rise in salt content.
文摘This article focuses on the factors influencing fracture nonunion, classification and treatment. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the influencing factors and mechanisms of fracture healing for developing effective treatment strategies and improving patients’ quality of life. It also points out the challenges of current treatment, such as patient compliance and limitations of treatment methods, and looks at future treatment directions.
基金support from the Nuclear Fuel Pellet Appearance Quality Inspection Device Project(20190304 A).
文摘Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.
文摘A new extended distribution called the Odd Exponential Generalized Exponential-Exponential distribution(EOEGE-E)is proposed based on generalization of the odd generalized exponential family(OEGE-E).The statistical properties of the proposed distribution are derived.The study evaluates the accuracy of six estimation methods under complete samples.Estimation techniques include maximumlikelihood,ordinary least squares,weighted least squares,maximumproduct of spacing,Cramer vonMises,and Anderson-Darling methods.Twomethods of estimation for the involved parameters are considered based on progressively type Ⅱ censored data(PTⅡC).These methods are maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacing.The proposed distribution’s effectiveness was evaluated using different data sets from various fields.The proposed distribution provides a better fit for these datasets than existing probability distributions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71774049).
文摘This paper systematically reviews the research progress of Advance Care Planning(ACP)in the field of lung cancer,and discusses its implementation status,key influencing factors and future development direction,including deepening of theoretical research,innovation of practice mode,optimization of policy support and cultural adaptation research.
基金Supported by the Guangzhou Health Science and Technology Project(No.20221A010077)the Guangdong Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Fund Project(No.A2020146).
文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of myopia in school-aged students and effects of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of myopia.METHODS:A total of 2422 students aged between 5 and 18y from nine schools in Baiyun District of Guangzhou,China were sampled using a stratified sampling method in 2020.Among them,1066 students participated in the follow-up survey the following year.Data were obtained based on ocular examinations and a questionnaire survey conducted during two visits.Factors potentially influencing the progression of myopia were analyzed.RESULTS:During the year assessed in this study,the percentage of students with myopia increased from 58.4%to 64.8%(P=0.002).Spherical equivalent(SE)progressed from-1.44±1.91 diopters(D)at baseline to-1.66±1.10 D(P=0.005).A generalized estimating equation(GEE)model revealed that age[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.298,P<0.001],residential students(aOR=2.428,P=0.018),parental myopia(one myopic parent:aOR=1.553,both parents myopic:aOR=2.609,P<0.001),frequent reading of books or viewing of screens in direct sunlight(aOR=3.502,P=0.023),using only overhead lighting for reading and writing at night(aOR=1.633,P=0.011),parental restrictions on exercise time(aOR=2.286,P=0.012),and having less than 2h of outdoor exercise per day during the past week(aOR=1.584,P=0.019)were all identified as independent risk factors for progression of myopia.CONCLUSION:Our findings in this study indicate that age,residential students,parental myopia,indoor lighting environment,and physical activity have significant effects on the progression of myopia,providing evidence for further in-depth mechanistic interpretation and efficient intervention strategies for school-age children in this area.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Nantong City,No.Key003Nantong Young Medical Expert,No.46+2 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Nantong Health Committee,No.MA2019003,No.MA2021017,and No.MSZ2024038Science and Technology Program of Nantong City,No.JCZ2022040Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,No.KD2021JYYJYB025,No.KD2022KYJJZD022,and No.KD2024KYJJ289.
文摘Delirium is a transient and acute syndrome of encephalopathy,characterized by disturbances in consciousness,orientation,cognition,perception,and emotional regulation,often accompanied by hallucinations,illusions,psychomotor agitation,and restlessness.Postoperative delirium(POD),a common complication particularly in elderly patients,significantly impacts recovery by prolonging mechanical ventilation,neurosurgical intensive care unit stays,and overall hospitalization durations,while severely diminishing patients’quality of life after discharge.Despite its prevalence,POD remains underrecognized in clinical practice,with significant gaps in its diagnosis and management.This review explores the definition,diagnostic criteria,underlying pathogenesis,and associated risk factors of POD in neurosurgical patients,aiming to offer valuable insights for improving clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.
文摘Active inflammation in“inactive”progressive multiple sclerosis:Traditionally,the distinction between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis(PMS)has been framed as an inflammatory versus degenerative dichotomy.This was based on a broad misconception regarding essentially all neurodegenerative conditions,depicting the degenerative process as passive and immune-independent occurring as a late byproduct of active inflammation in the central nervous system(CNS),which is(solely)systemically driven.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2022C014)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302768).
文摘Background Progressive oxidative stress easily occurs as a result of a gradual increase in the intensity of maternal metabolism due to rapid foetal development and increased intensity of lactation.However,studies on the effects of processive oxidative stress on nutrient transport in the placenta have received little attention.The present study was conducted on sows at 85 days of gestation to study the effects of pterostilbene(PTE)on maternal oxidative stress status and placental nutrient transport.Results PTE increased the antioxidant capacity and immunoglobulin content in mothers’blood and milk,reduced the level of inflammatory factors,and improved the nutrient content of milk.PTE also reduced sow backfat loss and the number of weak sons,and increased piglet weaning weight and total weaning litter weight.We subsequently found that PTE enhanced placental glucose and fatty acid transport and further affected glycolipid metabolism by increasing the expression of LAL,PYGM,and Gbe-1,which activated the PI3K phosphorylation pathway.Moreover,PTE addition altered the relative abundance of the Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Parabacillus,and Bacteroidetes-like RF16 groups in sow faeces.PTE increased the levels of acetate,propionate,butyrate and isovalerate in the faeces.Conclusions These findings reveal that the addition of PTE during pregnancy and lactation mitigates the effects of processive oxidative stress on offspring development by altering maternal microbial and placental nutrient trans-port capacity.
基金Academic Fund for Students of Foshan University in 2024(Project No.:xsjj202409zrb11)。
文摘Trimethoprim(TMP),as a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic,is widely used in clinical anti-infection therapy and livestock breeding.However,its low water solubility leads to insufficient bioavailability,which has become a key problem restricting its development.Cyclodextrins and their derivatives,with their unique cyclic structures,can form inclusion complexes with TMP to improve its properties.This article reviews the pharmacological characteristics of TMP,the types and properties of common cyclodextrins,focusing on introducing various preparation methods of trimethoprim cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and multiple characterization methods for identifying the inclusion complexes,aiming to provide a reference for further research and development of trimethoprim cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.
文摘In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The conventional treatment methods include weight loss and regulating the body’s metabolism.Semaglutide,as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1RA),mainly reduces patients’appetite,decreases their craving for high-fat and high-sugar foods,regulates hypothalamic feeding behavior,inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility,and ultimately leads to weight loss.Metformin mainly acts on extra-islet tissues,increasing glucose utilization,reducing glucose production,and ultimately lowering blood glucose levels.Based on this,this article reviews relevant literature on authoritative websites such as CNKI and Wanfang,organizes the data,and analyzes the research progress of semaglutide combined with metformin in the treatment of obese T2DM.The aim is to bring more treatment options for obese T2DM and promote better prognosis for patients.
基金supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023AFB670).
文摘Ovarian cancer(OC),a highly lethal gynaecological malignancy,is often diagnosed at advanced stages,resulting in a poor prognosis.Sialylation,an important form of glycosylation,significantly contributes to the progression of various solid tumours,including OC.Aberrant sialylation promotes tumour progression and metastasis by altering the structure and function of glycoproteins.Although its role in several solid tumours is well documented,the role of abnormal sialylation in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target remain poorly understood.This review highlights sialylation as a key regulator of the progression,metastasis,and drug resistance of OC.A deeper understanding of altered sialylation can contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for OC.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7244491)Beijing TCM Science and Technology Development Fund Project(BJZYON-2023-05)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ15-YQ-048,ZZ-YQ2023006)Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202409)Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CIZJS2025023).
文摘Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness,anhedonia,guilt,fatigue,and impaired concentration.Although pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy can be effective,their utility is limited by adverse effects and significant inter-individual variability.Non-pharmacological therapies from traditional medicine have emerged as promising adjuncts owing to their favorable safety profiles,minimal side effects,and high patient compliance.These therapies,including acupoint stimulation,meditation,and yoga,produce antidepressant effects by reducing neuroinflammation,modulating neurotransmitter release,enhancing neuroplasticity,and regulating the gut-brain axis.This review summarizes clinical applications and mechanistic insights of traditional medicine’s non-pharmacological therapies for depression,providing a scientific rationale for their integration into comprehensive management.
文摘Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71774049).
文摘Nursing students often exhibit emotional suppression,avoidance,or over-expression when confronted with high-pressure work environments and emotional challenges.These disorders affect nursing students mental health,professional adaptation,and quality of communication with patients.The causes of emotional expression difficulties include individual personality,emotional intelligence,educational background,and socio-cultural pressures.To address this issue,it is recommended to enhance nursing students emotional expression and regulation capabilities through psychological interventions,emotional intelligence training,and optimization of educational systems,thereby improving their mental health and career development,ultimately enhancing nursing service quality and doctor-patient relationships.
基金Supported by the Program of General Hospital of Western Theater,No.2021-XZYG-C33.
文摘Splenic histiocytic sarcoma(SHS)is a rare,aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management.Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data for the diagnosis,treatment and management of SHS.A 60-year-old female with incidentally detected splenic mass(6.0 cm×5.7 cm)underwent splenectomy,confirmed as SHS in 2020.Post-op imatinib therapy was given.In 2022,hepatic metastases(2.4 cm×2.9 cm)with pancytopenia led to supportive care.Lesions enlarged to 4.3 cm×2.7 cm,leading to multi-organ failure and death at 33 months.The case was categorized into three distinct stages based on the pathophysiology of SHS:Early-stage splenic tumor growth,mid-stage liver metastasis with hematological abnormalities,and late-stage tumor infiltration leading to multiorgan failure.For SHS,this case highlights the pivotal role of early intervention and the value of personalized treatment strategies.
文摘Deep learning-based Joint Source-Channel Coding(JSCC)is a crucial component in semantic communication,and recent research has made significant progress in adapting to different channels.In this paper,we propose a multi-stage progressive technique called Deep learning based Progressive Joint Source-Channel Coding(DP-JSCC).This approach partitions the source into multiple stages and transmits the signals continuously.The receiver gradually enhances the quality of image reconstruction by progressively receiving the signals,offering greater flexibility compared to existing dynamic rate transmission methods.The model adopts a lightweight architectural design,where we introduce an efficient module called the Inverted Shuffle Attention Bottleneck(ISAB)and incorporate self-attention mechanisms in the encoding and decoding process to capture signal correlations and establish long-range dependencies.Additionally,we introduce the Progressive Focus Weight Allocation(PFWA)method to improve the image reconstruction capability in progressive transmission tasks.These design enhance the expressive capacity of the model.Simulation results demonstrate that DP-JSCC can flexibly adjust the transmission rate according to requirements without the need for retraining or deployment,enabling continuous optimization of signals at different rates.Furthermore,compared to stateof-the-art JSCC methods,DP-JSCC exhibits advantages in terms of computational complexity,parameter count,and reconstruction performance.
