The advantage of Chinese-as-a-heritage-language(CHL)learners in acquiring Chinese has been widely recognized.However,it is still unclear whether the effect of CHL background on Chinese receptive vocabulary breadth var...The advantage of Chinese-as-a-heritage-language(CHL)learners in acquiring Chinese has been widely recognized.However,it is still unclear whether the effect of CHL background on Chinese receptive vocabulary breadth varies across different countries.To address this gap,the present study recruited 232 Chinese language learners(half were CHL learners)from Indonesia and Thailand and administered a Chinese vocabulary proficiency test.The results of regression analysis revealed an interaction effect between country and CHL background on vocabulary breadth,with the contribution of CHL background to vocabulary breadth more robust in the Indonesian group than that in the Thai group.Interviews were then conducted to explore the factors that might influence such an interaction effect.Analysis of the interview data found that the influencing factors could be categorized into four themes,including individual differences,family background,Chinese language education and socio-cultural factors.The overall results were discussed within the framework of ecological system theory,and pedagogical implications for CHL learners were proposed.展开更多
University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the...University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the knowledge they have learned to conduct research or solve real-world application problems.The students’high-level abilities are insufficient and not well-trained.Therefore,in this paper,we propose a T-structured course design method to ensure both breadth and depth of a course.The proposed T-structured course design method includes four aspects:T-structured course contents,T-structured teaching activities,T-structured examination formats,and T-structured homework difficulty.By applying our proposed T-structured course design strategy to the course Optimization Algorithms and Intelligent Computing,good results are achieved,demonstrating the applicability of our proposed strategy.展开更多
Subterranean environments are buffered from external climatic fluctuations due to the absence of light and a delayed thermal response to surface conditions(Mammola 2019).Terrestrial salamanders are often found in subt...Subterranean environments are buffered from external climatic fluctuations due to the absence of light and a delayed thermal response to surface conditions(Mammola 2019).Terrestrial salamanders are often found in subterranean habitats,but few studies have assessed the influence of climatic effects on their long-term spatial distribution and niche breadth.In this study,we investigated the variability over 29 consecutive years of the spatial niche in a terrestrial salamander population inhabiting an artificial subterranean habitat.We hypothesized that juvenile salamanders,which are typically active near cave entrances and more exposed to climatic variability and dehydration(Peterman et al.2013),would exhibit an earlier and more variable behavioral adaptation to increasing external temperatures compared to adults.展开更多
Siberian taimen Hucho taimen(Pallas,1773)is a broadly distributed and popular sport fish with high economic value.However,low abundance and hard-to-reach habitat make the Siberian taimen a relatively understudied spec...Siberian taimen Hucho taimen(Pallas,1773)is a broadly distributed and popular sport fish with high economic value.However,low abundance and hard-to-reach habitat make the Siberian taimen a relatively understudied species.Here we describe the morphological variability of two size groups of Siberian taimen juveniles from the eastern(Amur River basin)and western(Kama River basin)parts of the species distribution.The largest morphological differentiation of Siberian taimen juveniles was observed at the inter-basin level.In the Amur River basin,Siberian taimen juveniles also differed morphologically even at sites located at a distance of 20 km from each other,which may be explained by a small home-range inhabitation of juveniles leading to the formation of their morphotype determined by local environmental conditions.The pattern of allometry varies in taimen from different rivers,which could be related to the ontogenetic shift of ecological niches and the level of heterogeneity of the river environment.展开更多
Two widespread bird species in Sri Lanka’s dry zone,Pycnonotus cafer(Red-vented Bulbul,RVBB)and Pycnonotus luteolus(White-browed Bulbul,WBBB),were studied to understand their foraging dynamics and ecology.The researc...Two widespread bird species in Sri Lanka’s dry zone,Pycnonotus cafer(Red-vented Bulbul,RVBB)and Pycnonotus luteolus(White-browed Bulbul,WBBB),were studied to understand their foraging dynamics and ecology.The research was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 in Mihintale Sanctuary(80.30′11.24″E,8.21′04.63″N)and the Faculty of Applied Sciences,Rajarata University of Sri Lanka(80.502206″E,8.353090″N).Data were obtained through focal sampling,opportunistic observations,and mist netting.Both species predominantly foraged on twigs,using gleaning as the dominant food-handling technique.RVBB foraged mostly at the canopy level,while WBBB foraged primarily at the sub-canopy level.Fruits constituted the major food type for both species.RVBB and WBBB utilized 10 and 7 plant species,respectively,with Grewia helicterifolia being the primary foraging plant.Minimal foraging was observed on Croton sp.(RVBB)and Hugonia mistax(WBBB).The correlation between nutritional components and the consumption of both species revealed a preference for foods with lower protein,higher fat,and ash content.There was no linear correlation between gape width and fruit size(r=-0.21,P=0.69)for both species.The standardized dietary niche breadth indicated both species are specialists,with a high pairwise dietary niche overlap(0.9854).These findings highlight the niche-specific foraging adaptations of RVBB and WBBB within Mihintale,emphasizing their distinct strategies in utilizing plant species,fruit sizes,and foraging heights.Understanding such ecological dynamics is essential for habitat conservation efforts and ensuring the availability of key foraging resources for these species in the dry zone.展开更多
This study examined how perceived human-computer interaction(HCI)is related to employees’helping behaviors with role breadth self-efficacy and digital fluency.An online scenario experiment(study 1;female=61.3%;mean a...This study examined how perceived human-computer interaction(HCI)is related to employees’helping behaviors with role breadth self-efficacy and digital fluency.An online scenario experiment(study 1;female=61.3%;mean age=30.79 years;bachelor’s degree=68.7%)and a questionnaire survey(study 2;male=44.2%;younger than 30 years=50.6%;bachelor’s degree=61.5%)found that perceived HCI exerts a significant positive indirect effect on employee helping behavior through improved role breadth self-efficacy.This positive indirect effect is stronger when employee digital fluency is high.Findings are consistent with social cognitive theory,which proposes that the relationship among environment,individual cognition,and behavior is mutually determined,and the influence of environment on individual behavior varies with individual characteristics.The findings imply a need for employer organizations to create favorable human-computer interaction environment for employees’digital fluency to promote role breadth self-efficacy and helping behavior in the digital age.展开更多
In the rapidly evolving technological landscape,state-owned enterprises(SOEs)encounter significant challenges in sustaining their competitiveness through efficient R&D management.Integrated Product Development(IPD...In the rapidly evolving technological landscape,state-owned enterprises(SOEs)encounter significant challenges in sustaining their competitiveness through efficient R&D management.Integrated Product Development(IPD),with its emphasis on cross-functional teamwork,concurrent engineering,and data-driven decision-making,has been widely recognized for enhancing R&D efficiency and product quality.However,the unique characteristics of SOEs pose challenges to the effective implementation of IPD.The advancement of big data and artificial intelligence technologies offers new opportunities for optimizing IPD R&D management through data-driven decision-making models.This paper constructs and validates a data-driven decision-making model tailored to the IPD R&D management of SOEs.By integrating data mining,machine learning,and other advanced analytical techniques,the model serves as a scientific and efficient decision-making tool.It aids SOEs in optimizing R&D resource allocation,shortening product development cycles,reducing R&D costs,and improving product quality and innovation.Moreover,this study contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of the value of data-driven decision-making in the context of IPD.展开更多
Objective To empirically analyze the relationship between Government R&D funding and R&D investment of the enterprises in different sub industries of pharmaceutical industry,and to provide reference for the de...Objective To empirically analyze the relationship between Government R&D funding and R&D investment of the enterprises in different sub industries of pharmaceutical industry,and to provide reference for the development of policies related to R&D funding input.Methods Granger causality test was performed using the data of relevant indicators in different sub industries of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 1995 to 2019 based on the theory of covariance.Results and Conclusion The funding of R&D from the government had a significant positive effect on their R&D funding inputs to enterprises with chemo products,Chinese patent products,and biological products.It means the improvement of government funding was beneficial in promoting the R&D investment from various sub industries of pharmaceutical industry.The order of this influence was biological products,chemo products,and Chinese patent drugs.As to chemical drugs and biological products,the government’s R&D funding and enterprises R&D funding input showed a good trend of mutual promotion in a certain lag period.The government can fully leverage its funding to promote the investment of all sub industries of pharmaceutical industry.Meanwhile,regulatory mechanisms should be refined for government funding.For the inheritance,innovation,and development of traditional Chinese medicine,the government should give more policy support than financial support.展开更多
基金supported by National Social Science Fund of China(No.24BYY048)International Chinese Language Education Research Program(No.23YH17B)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.23JNLH10)。
文摘The advantage of Chinese-as-a-heritage-language(CHL)learners in acquiring Chinese has been widely recognized.However,it is still unclear whether the effect of CHL background on Chinese receptive vocabulary breadth varies across different countries.To address this gap,the present study recruited 232 Chinese language learners(half were CHL learners)from Indonesia and Thailand and administered a Chinese vocabulary proficiency test.The results of regression analysis revealed an interaction effect between country and CHL background on vocabulary breadth,with the contribution of CHL background to vocabulary breadth more robust in the Indonesian group than that in the Thai group.Interviews were then conducted to explore the factors that might influence such an interaction effect.Analysis of the interview data found that the influencing factors could be categorized into four themes,including individual differences,family background,Chinese language education and socio-cultural factors.The overall results were discussed within the framework of ecological system theory,and pedagogical implications for CHL learners were proposed.
基金supported in part by the fund of 2023 Guangdong Province Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Special Project“Construction of Industrial Data and Intelligent Application Innovation Platform”(2023A011),2024 Shanwei New Generation Electronic Information Industry Talent Revitalization Plan,and the project“Research on the Impact and Countermeasures of Large Scale Charging Facility Access on Guangdong Power Grid Planning and Construction.”。
文摘University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the knowledge they have learned to conduct research or solve real-world application problems.The students’high-level abilities are insufficient and not well-trained.Therefore,in this paper,we propose a T-structured course design method to ensure both breadth and depth of a course.The proposed T-structured course design method includes four aspects:T-structured course contents,T-structured teaching activities,T-structured examination formats,and T-structured homework difficulty.By applying our proposed T-structured course design strategy to the course Optimization Algorithms and Intelligent Computing,good results are achieved,demonstrating the applicability of our proposed strategy.
文摘Subterranean environments are buffered from external climatic fluctuations due to the absence of light and a delayed thermal response to surface conditions(Mammola 2019).Terrestrial salamanders are often found in subterranean habitats,but few studies have assessed the influence of climatic effects on their long-term spatial distribution and niche breadth.In this study,we investigated the variability over 29 consecutive years of the spatial niche in a terrestrial salamander population inhabiting an artificial subterranean habitat.We hypothesized that juvenile salamanders,which are typically active near cave entrances and more exposed to climatic variability and dehydration(Peterman et al.2013),would exhibit an earlier and more variable behavioral adaptation to increasing external temperatures compared to adults.
文摘Siberian taimen Hucho taimen(Pallas,1773)is a broadly distributed and popular sport fish with high economic value.However,low abundance and hard-to-reach habitat make the Siberian taimen a relatively understudied species.Here we describe the morphological variability of two size groups of Siberian taimen juveniles from the eastern(Amur River basin)and western(Kama River basin)parts of the species distribution.The largest morphological differentiation of Siberian taimen juveniles was observed at the inter-basin level.In the Amur River basin,Siberian taimen juveniles also differed morphologically even at sites located at a distance of 20 km from each other,which may be explained by a small home-range inhabitation of juveniles leading to the formation of their morphotype determined by local environmental conditions.The pattern of allometry varies in taimen from different rivers,which could be related to the ontogenetic shift of ecological niches and the level of heterogeneity of the river environment.
文摘Two widespread bird species in Sri Lanka’s dry zone,Pycnonotus cafer(Red-vented Bulbul,RVBB)and Pycnonotus luteolus(White-browed Bulbul,WBBB),were studied to understand their foraging dynamics and ecology.The research was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 in Mihintale Sanctuary(80.30′11.24″E,8.21′04.63″N)and the Faculty of Applied Sciences,Rajarata University of Sri Lanka(80.502206″E,8.353090″N).Data were obtained through focal sampling,opportunistic observations,and mist netting.Both species predominantly foraged on twigs,using gleaning as the dominant food-handling technique.RVBB foraged mostly at the canopy level,while WBBB foraged primarily at the sub-canopy level.Fruits constituted the major food type for both species.RVBB and WBBB utilized 10 and 7 plant species,respectively,with Grewia helicterifolia being the primary foraging plant.Minimal foraging was observed on Croton sp.(RVBB)and Hugonia mistax(WBBB).The correlation between nutritional components and the consumption of both species revealed a preference for foods with lower protein,higher fat,and ash content.There was no linear correlation between gape width and fruit size(r=-0.21,P=0.69)for both species.The standardized dietary niche breadth indicated both species are specialists,with a high pairwise dietary niche overlap(0.9854).These findings highlight the niche-specific foraging adaptations of RVBB and WBBB within Mihintale,emphasizing their distinct strategies in utilizing plant species,fruit sizes,and foraging heights.Understanding such ecological dynamics is essential for habitat conservation efforts and ensuring the availability of key foraging resources for these species in the dry zone.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education in China Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(Grant No.23YJC630120)Hubei Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Plan Project(Grant No.Q20221605)Research Project of Wuhan Polytechnic University(Grant No.2022Y32).
文摘This study examined how perceived human-computer interaction(HCI)is related to employees’helping behaviors with role breadth self-efficacy and digital fluency.An online scenario experiment(study 1;female=61.3%;mean age=30.79 years;bachelor’s degree=68.7%)and a questionnaire survey(study 2;male=44.2%;younger than 30 years=50.6%;bachelor’s degree=61.5%)found that perceived HCI exerts a significant positive indirect effect on employee helping behavior through improved role breadth self-efficacy.This positive indirect effect is stronger when employee digital fluency is high.Findings are consistent with social cognitive theory,which proposes that the relationship among environment,individual cognition,and behavior is mutually determined,and the influence of environment on individual behavior varies with individual characteristics.The findings imply a need for employer organizations to create favorable human-computer interaction environment for employees’digital fluency to promote role breadth self-efficacy and helping behavior in the digital age.
文摘In the rapidly evolving technological landscape,state-owned enterprises(SOEs)encounter significant challenges in sustaining their competitiveness through efficient R&D management.Integrated Product Development(IPD),with its emphasis on cross-functional teamwork,concurrent engineering,and data-driven decision-making,has been widely recognized for enhancing R&D efficiency and product quality.However,the unique characteristics of SOEs pose challenges to the effective implementation of IPD.The advancement of big data and artificial intelligence technologies offers new opportunities for optimizing IPD R&D management through data-driven decision-making models.This paper constructs and validates a data-driven decision-making model tailored to the IPD R&D management of SOEs.By integrating data mining,machine learning,and other advanced analytical techniques,the model serves as a scientific and efficient decision-making tool.It aids SOEs in optimizing R&D resource allocation,shortening product development cycles,reducing R&D costs,and improving product quality and innovation.Moreover,this study contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of the value of data-driven decision-making in the context of IPD.
文摘Objective To empirically analyze the relationship between Government R&D funding and R&D investment of the enterprises in different sub industries of pharmaceutical industry,and to provide reference for the development of policies related to R&D funding input.Methods Granger causality test was performed using the data of relevant indicators in different sub industries of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 1995 to 2019 based on the theory of covariance.Results and Conclusion The funding of R&D from the government had a significant positive effect on their R&D funding inputs to enterprises with chemo products,Chinese patent products,and biological products.It means the improvement of government funding was beneficial in promoting the R&D investment from various sub industries of pharmaceutical industry.The order of this influence was biological products,chemo products,and Chinese patent drugs.As to chemical drugs and biological products,the government’s R&D funding and enterprises R&D funding input showed a good trend of mutual promotion in a certain lag period.The government can fully leverage its funding to promote the investment of all sub industries of pharmaceutical industry.Meanwhile,regulatory mechanisms should be refined for government funding.For the inheritance,innovation,and development of traditional Chinese medicine,the government should give more policy support than financial support.
