Malaria is one of the most harmful diseases on the globe. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), several million people die every year from malaria, and most of them are children. Hundreds of millions of fr...Malaria is one of the most harmful diseases on the globe. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), several million people die every year from malaria, and most of them are children. Hundreds of millions of fresh cases of ma- laria are registered by the WHO every year, and more than one-third of the earth’s population lives in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine is an important antimalarial drug because it has gametocytocidal properties and prevents relapse in most cases. However, primaquine is a highly toxic substance, especially to the Negroid race (in Africa, Australia and North, Latin and South America) and some others. Negroid male children are most vulnerable to the toxic effects of primaquine. The toxicity of primaquine can be enhanced in mixtures with other antimalarial drugs. In the present study, unprocessed primaquine and primaquine tablets highly contaminated with quinocide (I. Brondz, Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine (Editor I. Brondz), Nova Sci- ence Publishers, Inc. (2011) ISSN 978-1-61761-944-1) are discussed versus monoenantiomeric primaquine as a drug. The contamination of primaquine with quinocide enhances the toxicity of primaquine by additive or synergistic action. The use of contaminated primaquine can be harmful. Development of a useful antimalarial vaccine can take a decade or longer. This paper describes the possibility of preparing antimalarial generic monoenantiomeric primaquine, free of both quinocide contamination and the ineffective enantiomer of primaquine, using fractionation by supercritical fluid chromatography equipped with a new experimental High Resolution Isomer Column (HRIC). By this approach, it is pos- sible to produce a significant amount of pharmacologically active enantiomer of primaquine at relatively low cost for a broad range of patients sensitive to contaminated primaquine. Leading pharmacopoeias should no longer deny the pre- sence of the toxic contaminant quinocide in relatively high concentrations in unprocessed primaquine and in prima- quine tablets. New standards for antimalarial primaquine diphosphate tablets must be adopted in pharmacopoeias and by the pharmaceutical industry.展开更多
In a series of papers under the common title: “Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications,” cases of undisputable breaches of publication ethics and breaches of acceptable rules in the publicat...In a series of papers under the common title: “Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications,” cases of undisputable breaches of publication ethics and breaches of acceptable rules in the publication of scientific information have been presented. Clear cases of fraud, falsification by some authors, and unqualified review of papers by reviewers and editors were presented in: Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications, (2012) American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 443-447 DOI:10.4236/ajac.2012.36058. The place of authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher was discussed in: Editorial: Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part II: The Authors’, Reviewers’, Editors’ Responsibility, and the Publishers’ Authority, (2013) International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 81-89 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijamsc.2013.12010, Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part III: Publishers’ Ethics and Editors’ Com- plicity, (2014) International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 77-102. DOI: 10.4236/ijamsc.2014.23008 and in the book Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine (Editor, Ilia Brondz) Nova Science Publishers, Inc., (2011) ISSN 978-1-61761-944-1. Here, the corrupting influence of the pharmaceutical industry as a customer and employer of pseudoresearchers and corrupt editors and even to corrupt journal publishers for publication of fraudulent information and pseudoscientific data will be discussed by identifying the authors of pseudoscientific publications, the editors who gave the green light for the fraudulent publication, and the pharmaceutical companies involved. Documentation will be given to support the accusations of fabricated fraudulent “scientific” data, and the publication of such data without sufficient revision and sufficient background for publication of papers will be illustrated by discussing the content of papers: “Determination of Quinocide as Impurityin Primaquine Tablets by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2009) Biomedical Chromatography, Vol. 23, pp. 464-471, published in Wiley Interscience, “Development of a Capillary Electrophoresis Method for the Enantioselective Estimation of Primaquine in Pharmaceutical Formulations,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2008) Journal of AOAC International, Vol. 91, No. 3, pp. 536-541, “Enantioselective Analysis of Primaquine and Its Impurity Quinocide by Capillary Electrophoresis,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2009) Biomedical Chromatography, Vol. 23, pp. 295-301, published in Wiley Interscience and other pseudoscientific publications by these teams of pseudoscientists.展开更多
Despite the obvious frauds published in [1] [2] and the involvement of Editors and Editors in Chief of the journals in the publication of these fraudulent papers, the Editors in Chief of publishers have not taken any ...Despite the obvious frauds published in [1] [2] and the involvement of Editors and Editors in Chief of the journals in the publication of these fraudulent papers, the Editors in Chief of publishers have not taken any action to retract the fraudulent papers or to dismiss the corrupt editors. By this passivity, these Editors in Chief are supporting plagiarism, dissemination of fraudulent data, lies and making published information unreliable. In the present paper, we evaluate examples of bold, fraudulent publications and give the names of some Editors directly participating in concealing fraudulent publications, together with the names of Editors in Chief who also concealed and covered the facts of fraud and were reluctant to remove the fraudulent papers from circulation or to remove cheaters from editorial positions. The truth is universal and international;in contrast, the lie is individual and partisan, social, political, confessional, cultural and dirty. Knowledge is a truth that is part of the Universe. Lies are a tool of manipulation and can exist only in distinct environments that produce and support them. In this paper, we will show how artificial prefabricated analytical procedures were used to disseminate false data with the aim of substituting the truth with fraud.展开更多
Plagiarism, fake or even falsified presentation has become a major plague for scientific publications. This paper is a response to personal appeal by David JW Lane the Editor-in-Chief of Research and Reports in Biodiv...Plagiarism, fake or even falsified presentation has become a major plague for scientific publications. This paper is a response to personal appeal by David JW Lane the Editor-in-Chief of Research and Reports in Biodiversity Studies to support and promote the international author standards as developed by COPE for authors and editors-in-chief posted to me April 3rd 2012 (International standards for editors and authors http://www.dovepress.com/rrbscope.t9699812). As corresponding author for more than 100 scientific papers, dozens of scientific reviews, several chapters in scientific books, and author and editor of a book Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine, and as a reviewer of Journal of Chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Lipids, Journal of General Microbiology, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Journal of Microbiological Methods, Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Analytica Chimica Acta, Mycological Research and Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, and member of editorial board of Electronic Components and Systems, American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ISRN Chromatography and Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics I was adhered to a new ethical and moral standards in scientific publications. The presented paper is an example of use the analytical methods in visualizing of plagiarism and falsification in the published scientific literature. It is obvious that some of scientific publications need careful quality control. Some papers should have been rejected but were not. These papers clearly pollute the field of scientific information. It is not always easy to demonstrate inappropriate presentation even when many supporting facts are available. The facts should be obvious;there should be no hesitation about the quality or value of a paper presented for consideration to be published. Plagiarism is most common and harmful phenomenon in scientific publications. The plagiarism is based on an original discovery or reproduction of the results from the other authors. The analytical methods used in the quality control of the data can disclose plagiarism. An example is the publication under scrutiny “Applications of GC-EI-MS for the Identification of Positional Isomer in Primaquine, an Antimalarial Drug” by Dongre et al. (2005) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 39, No. 1-2, 111-116.展开更多
文摘Malaria is one of the most harmful diseases on the globe. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), several million people die every year from malaria, and most of them are children. Hundreds of millions of fresh cases of ma- laria are registered by the WHO every year, and more than one-third of the earth’s population lives in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine is an important antimalarial drug because it has gametocytocidal properties and prevents relapse in most cases. However, primaquine is a highly toxic substance, especially to the Negroid race (in Africa, Australia and North, Latin and South America) and some others. Negroid male children are most vulnerable to the toxic effects of primaquine. The toxicity of primaquine can be enhanced in mixtures with other antimalarial drugs. In the present study, unprocessed primaquine and primaquine tablets highly contaminated with quinocide (I. Brondz, Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine (Editor I. Brondz), Nova Sci- ence Publishers, Inc. (2011) ISSN 978-1-61761-944-1) are discussed versus monoenantiomeric primaquine as a drug. The contamination of primaquine with quinocide enhances the toxicity of primaquine by additive or synergistic action. The use of contaminated primaquine can be harmful. Development of a useful antimalarial vaccine can take a decade or longer. This paper describes the possibility of preparing antimalarial generic monoenantiomeric primaquine, free of both quinocide contamination and the ineffective enantiomer of primaquine, using fractionation by supercritical fluid chromatography equipped with a new experimental High Resolution Isomer Column (HRIC). By this approach, it is pos- sible to produce a significant amount of pharmacologically active enantiomer of primaquine at relatively low cost for a broad range of patients sensitive to contaminated primaquine. Leading pharmacopoeias should no longer deny the pre- sence of the toxic contaminant quinocide in relatively high concentrations in unprocessed primaquine and in prima- quine tablets. New standards for antimalarial primaquine diphosphate tablets must be adopted in pharmacopoeias and by the pharmaceutical industry.
文摘In a series of papers under the common title: “Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications,” cases of undisputable breaches of publication ethics and breaches of acceptable rules in the publication of scientific information have been presented. Clear cases of fraud, falsification by some authors, and unqualified review of papers by reviewers and editors were presented in: Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications, (2012) American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 443-447 DOI:10.4236/ajac.2012.36058. The place of authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher was discussed in: Editorial: Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part II: The Authors’, Reviewers’, Editors’ Responsibility, and the Publishers’ Authority, (2013) International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 81-89 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijamsc.2013.12010, Analytical Methods in Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part III: Publishers’ Ethics and Editors’ Com- plicity, (2014) International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 77-102. DOI: 10.4236/ijamsc.2014.23008 and in the book Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine (Editor, Ilia Brondz) Nova Science Publishers, Inc., (2011) ISSN 978-1-61761-944-1. Here, the corrupting influence of the pharmaceutical industry as a customer and employer of pseudoresearchers and corrupt editors and even to corrupt journal publishers for publication of fraudulent information and pseudoscientific data will be discussed by identifying the authors of pseudoscientific publications, the editors who gave the green light for the fraudulent publication, and the pharmaceutical companies involved. Documentation will be given to support the accusations of fabricated fraudulent “scientific” data, and the publication of such data without sufficient revision and sufficient background for publication of papers will be illustrated by discussing the content of papers: “Determination of Quinocide as Impurityin Primaquine Tablets by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2009) Biomedical Chromatography, Vol. 23, pp. 464-471, published in Wiley Interscience, “Development of a Capillary Electrophoresis Method for the Enantioselective Estimation of Primaquine in Pharmaceutical Formulations,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2008) Journal of AOAC International, Vol. 91, No. 3, pp. 536-541, “Enantioselective Analysis of Primaquine and Its Impurity Quinocide by Capillary Electrophoresis,” Abdalla A. Elbashir et al., (2009) Biomedical Chromatography, Vol. 23, pp. 295-301, published in Wiley Interscience and other pseudoscientific publications by these teams of pseudoscientists.
文摘Despite the obvious frauds published in [1] [2] and the involvement of Editors and Editors in Chief of the journals in the publication of these fraudulent papers, the Editors in Chief of publishers have not taken any action to retract the fraudulent papers or to dismiss the corrupt editors. By this passivity, these Editors in Chief are supporting plagiarism, dissemination of fraudulent data, lies and making published information unreliable. In the present paper, we evaluate examples of bold, fraudulent publications and give the names of some Editors directly participating in concealing fraudulent publications, together with the names of Editors in Chief who also concealed and covered the facts of fraud and were reluctant to remove the fraudulent papers from circulation or to remove cheaters from editorial positions. The truth is universal and international;in contrast, the lie is individual and partisan, social, political, confessional, cultural and dirty. Knowledge is a truth that is part of the Universe. Lies are a tool of manipulation and can exist only in distinct environments that produce and support them. In this paper, we will show how artificial prefabricated analytical procedures were used to disseminate false data with the aim of substituting the truth with fraud.
文摘Plagiarism, fake or even falsified presentation has become a major plague for scientific publications. This paper is a response to personal appeal by David JW Lane the Editor-in-Chief of Research and Reports in Biodiversity Studies to support and promote the international author standards as developed by COPE for authors and editors-in-chief posted to me April 3rd 2012 (International standards for editors and authors http://www.dovepress.com/rrbscope.t9699812). As corresponding author for more than 100 scientific papers, dozens of scientific reviews, several chapters in scientific books, and author and editor of a book Historical Overview of Chromatography and Related Techniques in Analysis of Antimalarial Drug Primaquine, and as a reviewer of Journal of Chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Lipids, Journal of General Microbiology, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Journal of Microbiological Methods, Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Analytica Chimica Acta, Mycological Research and Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, and member of editorial board of Electronic Components and Systems, American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ISRN Chromatography and Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics I was adhered to a new ethical and moral standards in scientific publications. The presented paper is an example of use the analytical methods in visualizing of plagiarism and falsification in the published scientific literature. It is obvious that some of scientific publications need careful quality control. Some papers should have been rejected but were not. These papers clearly pollute the field of scientific information. It is not always easy to demonstrate inappropriate presentation even when many supporting facts are available. The facts should be obvious;there should be no hesitation about the quality or value of a paper presented for consideration to be published. Plagiarism is most common and harmful phenomenon in scientific publications. The plagiarism is based on an original discovery or reproduction of the results from the other authors. The analytical methods used in the quality control of the data can disclose plagiarism. An example is the publication under scrutiny “Applications of GC-EI-MS for the Identification of Positional Isomer in Primaquine, an Antimalarial Drug” by Dongre et al. (2005) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 39, No. 1-2, 111-116.
