Objective:Accurate prognosis prediction is critical for individualized-therapy making of gastric cancer patients.We aimed to develop and test 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific sur...Objective:Accurate prognosis prediction is critical for individualized-therapy making of gastric cancer patients.We aimed to develop and test 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)prediction models for gastric cancer patients following gastrectomy.Methods:We derived and tested Survival Quilts,a machine learning-based model,to develop 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS and CSS prediction models.Gastrectomy patients in the development set(n=20,583)and the internal validation set(n=5,106)were recruited from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Re-sults(SEER)database,while those in the external validation set(n=6,352)were recruited from the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer(NCCGC)database.Furthermore,we selected gastrectomy patients with-out neoadjuvant therapy as a subgroup to train and test the prognostic models in order to keep the accuracy of tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage.Prognostic performances of these OS and CSS models were assessed using the Concordance Index(C-index)and area under the curve(AUC)values.Results:The machine learning model had a consistently high accuracy in predicting 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS in the SEER development set(C-index=0.861,0.832,0.789,0.766,0.740,and 0.709;AUC=0.784,0.828,0.840,0.849,0.869,and 0.902,respectively),SEER validation set(C-index=0.782,0.739,0.712,0.698,0.681,and 0.660;AUC=0.751,0.772,0.767,0.762,0.766,and 0.787,respectively),and NCCGC set(C-index=0.691,0.756,0.751,0.737,0.722,and 0.701;AUC=0.769,0.788,0.790,0.790,0.787,and 0.788,respectively).The model was able to predict 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year CSS in the SEER development set(C-index=0.879,0.858,0.820,0.802,0.784,and 0.774;AUC=0.756,0.827,0.852,0.863,0.874,and 0.884,respectively)and SEER validation set(C-index=0.790,0.763,0.741,0.729,0.718,and 0.708;AUC=0.706,0.758,0.767,0.766,0.766,and 0.764,respectively).In multivariate analysis,the high-risk group with risk score output by 5-year OS model was proved to be a strong survival predictor both in the SEER development set(hazard ratio[HR]=14.59,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.872-2.774,P<0.001),SEER validation set(HR=2.28,95%CI:13.089-16.293,P<0.001),and NCCGC set(HR=1.98,95%CI:1.617-2.437,P<0.001).We further explored the prognostic value of risk score resulted 5-year CSS model of gastrectomy patients,and found that high-risk group remained as an independent CSS factor in the SEER development set(HR=12.81,95%CI:11.568-14.194,P<0.001)and SEER validation set(HR=1.61,95%CI:1.338-1.935,P<0.001).Conclusion:Survival Quilts could allow accurate prediction of 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS and CSS in gastric cancer patients following gastrectomy.展开更多
Beloved is one of Toni Morrison's finest fiction,whose literary writing have a lot in common with the process of piecing quilts.Quilting,a traditional art of ritual for black women to preserve history and culture,...Beloved is one of Toni Morrison's finest fiction,whose literary writing have a lot in common with the process of piecing quilts.Quilting,a traditional art of ritual for black women to preserve history and culture,provides a holistic way to interpret black feminist theme in black women's novels.Meanwhile,based on the theory of black feminism,which is characterized by principles of identity,sisterhood and wholeness,quilting in Beloved will be analyzed in a new perspective.展开更多
The Xiaolan brand magnetic quilt made by the Zhejiang Tiantai Bedding and Clothing Factory is a new product. It is made of metal, hollow cotton and magnetic materials containing ammonium, iron and boron. The quilt is ...The Xiaolan brand magnetic quilt made by the Zhejiang Tiantai Bedding and Clothing Factory is a new product. It is made of metal, hollow cotton and magnetic materials containing ammonium, iron and boron. The quilt is extra light and thin, extremely warm and easy to wash. It is good for those suffering from nervous pain, back or leg pain, arthritis, shoulder pain, stomach ache.展开更多
The objectives of the present work are focused on exploration of the reasons for temperature difference in different envelopes,the sensitivity of envelopes of solar greenhouse to thermal disfigurements and optimal sel...The objectives of the present work are focused on exploration of the reasons for temperature difference in different envelopes,the sensitivity of envelopes of solar greenhouse to thermal disfigurements and optimal selection of the thermal insulation quilt.Theoretical analysis and derivation are conducted according to the experimental results of surface temperature,convective heat transfer,and heat flux density in different envelopes which with thermal disfigurements of solar greenhouse using heat transfer theory.The results revealed that the difference of intrinsic thermal conductivity and thickness of the envelopes leads to difference in the thermal flux and thus in the surface temperature of different envelopes.Compared with the front roof and back roof,the wall is more sensitive to thermal disfigurements.According to the influence of thermal disfigurements on solar greenhouse temperature,the allowable thermal disfigurements area fraction of front roof and back roof are given.Based on the analysis of heat transfer theory and test results,the work given the expression of the thickness and thermal conductivity of thermal insulation quilt under different outdoor minimum temperatures for optimal selection of thermal insulation quilt based on comprehensive considering factors of the solar greenhouse structure,crop demand,outdoor minimum temperature,and insulation quilt properties.The results of this work give technical criterion for whether the envelopes with thermal disfigurements needs to be repaired or replaced,and it also provides theoretical and technical support for design the solar greenhouse as well as methodological guidance for the optimal selection of the thermal insulation quilt.展开更多
基金supported by grant from the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number:2017YFC0908300)the Fun-damental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant number:3332023136).
文摘Objective:Accurate prognosis prediction is critical for individualized-therapy making of gastric cancer patients.We aimed to develop and test 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)prediction models for gastric cancer patients following gastrectomy.Methods:We derived and tested Survival Quilts,a machine learning-based model,to develop 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS and CSS prediction models.Gastrectomy patients in the development set(n=20,583)and the internal validation set(n=5,106)were recruited from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Re-sults(SEER)database,while those in the external validation set(n=6,352)were recruited from the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer(NCCGC)database.Furthermore,we selected gastrectomy patients with-out neoadjuvant therapy as a subgroup to train and test the prognostic models in order to keep the accuracy of tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage.Prognostic performances of these OS and CSS models were assessed using the Concordance Index(C-index)and area under the curve(AUC)values.Results:The machine learning model had a consistently high accuracy in predicting 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS in the SEER development set(C-index=0.861,0.832,0.789,0.766,0.740,and 0.709;AUC=0.784,0.828,0.840,0.849,0.869,and 0.902,respectively),SEER validation set(C-index=0.782,0.739,0.712,0.698,0.681,and 0.660;AUC=0.751,0.772,0.767,0.762,0.766,and 0.787,respectively),and NCCGC set(C-index=0.691,0.756,0.751,0.737,0.722,and 0.701;AUC=0.769,0.788,0.790,0.790,0.787,and 0.788,respectively).The model was able to predict 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year CSS in the SEER development set(C-index=0.879,0.858,0.820,0.802,0.784,and 0.774;AUC=0.756,0.827,0.852,0.863,0.874,and 0.884,respectively)and SEER validation set(C-index=0.790,0.763,0.741,0.729,0.718,and 0.708;AUC=0.706,0.758,0.767,0.766,0.766,and 0.764,respectively).In multivariate analysis,the high-risk group with risk score output by 5-year OS model was proved to be a strong survival predictor both in the SEER development set(hazard ratio[HR]=14.59,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.872-2.774,P<0.001),SEER validation set(HR=2.28,95%CI:13.089-16.293,P<0.001),and NCCGC set(HR=1.98,95%CI:1.617-2.437,P<0.001).We further explored the prognostic value of risk score resulted 5-year CSS model of gastrectomy patients,and found that high-risk group remained as an independent CSS factor in the SEER development set(HR=12.81,95%CI:11.568-14.194,P<0.001)and SEER validation set(HR=1.61,95%CI:1.338-1.935,P<0.001).Conclusion:Survival Quilts could allow accurate prediction of 6-month,1-,2-,3-,5-,and 10-year OS and CSS in gastric cancer patients following gastrectomy.
文摘Beloved is one of Toni Morrison's finest fiction,whose literary writing have a lot in common with the process of piecing quilts.Quilting,a traditional art of ritual for black women to preserve history and culture,provides a holistic way to interpret black feminist theme in black women's novels.Meanwhile,based on the theory of black feminism,which is characterized by principles of identity,sisterhood and wholeness,quilting in Beloved will be analyzed in a new perspective.
文摘The Xiaolan brand magnetic quilt made by the Zhejiang Tiantai Bedding and Clothing Factory is a new product. It is made of metal, hollow cotton and magnetic materials containing ammonium, iron and boron. The quilt is extra light and thin, extremely warm and easy to wash. It is good for those suffering from nervous pain, back or leg pain, arthritis, shoulder pain, stomach ache.
基金supported by Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2019TSLNY01-03)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901420)Young Scientist Promotion Project of Jiangsu Science and Technology Association(2020-2-46).
文摘The objectives of the present work are focused on exploration of the reasons for temperature difference in different envelopes,the sensitivity of envelopes of solar greenhouse to thermal disfigurements and optimal selection of the thermal insulation quilt.Theoretical analysis and derivation are conducted according to the experimental results of surface temperature,convective heat transfer,and heat flux density in different envelopes which with thermal disfigurements of solar greenhouse using heat transfer theory.The results revealed that the difference of intrinsic thermal conductivity and thickness of the envelopes leads to difference in the thermal flux and thus in the surface temperature of different envelopes.Compared with the front roof and back roof,the wall is more sensitive to thermal disfigurements.According to the influence of thermal disfigurements on solar greenhouse temperature,the allowable thermal disfigurements area fraction of front roof and back roof are given.Based on the analysis of heat transfer theory and test results,the work given the expression of the thickness and thermal conductivity of thermal insulation quilt under different outdoor minimum temperatures for optimal selection of thermal insulation quilt based on comprehensive considering factors of the solar greenhouse structure,crop demand,outdoor minimum temperature,and insulation quilt properties.The results of this work give technical criterion for whether the envelopes with thermal disfigurements needs to be repaired or replaced,and it also provides theoretical and technical support for design the solar greenhouse as well as methodological guidance for the optimal selection of the thermal insulation quilt.
