Background:Hypertension is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide.Urbanization has contributed to an increased prevalence of hypertension by introducing lifestyle-...Background:Hypertension is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide.Urbanization has contributed to an increased prevalence of hypertension by introducing lifestyle-related risk factors such as physical inactivity,unhealthy dietary patterns,and stress.Region-specific tools for assessing hypertension risk factors are essential for designing effective public health interventions.Objectives:This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the risk factors for hypertension in the urban population of Mysuru and identify the prevalence of key modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 participants aged 18-60 years in urban Mysuru.A 40-item questionnaire was developed based on literature review and expert input.It included domains such as sociodemographic factors,lifestyle habits,and clinical history.Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha,while construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis.Results:The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency(Cronbach’s alpha>0.7)and satisfactory construct validity.Key findings included a high prevalence of low physical activity(60%),high salt intake(50%),and overweight individuals(30%).In addition,40%of participants reported a family history of hypertension,and 18%had prediabetes.These findings emphasize the role of modifiable risk factors in the rising hypertension burden in urban settings.Conclusion:The developed and validated questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing hypertension risk factors in urban populations.展开更多
AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergenc...AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergence insufficiency and to compare their diagnostic value in clinical applications.METHODS:Using the diagnostic test method,62 adult patients with convergence insufficiency(age:24.74±3.75y)and 62 normal participants(age:23.61±3.13y)who visited the Optometry Clinic of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2021 to January 2023 were included.All subjects completed the CISS and COVD-QOL.Statistical analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the CISS and COVD-QOL and comparison and joint experimental analysis of their diagnostic efficacy were performed.RESULTS:The sensitivity of the CISS and COVD-QOL for convergence insufficiency was 64.5%and 71.0%,respectively,while the specificity was 96.8%and 67.7%,respectively.Compared to the CISS alone,the combination of the CISS and COVD-QOL demonstrated lower sensitivity and specificity.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CISS,COVD-QOL and CISS combined with COVD-QOL were 0.806,0.694 and 0.782,respectively.CONCLUSION:Considering the low sensitivity of the CISS and the low specificity of the COVD-QOL,it is recommended to supplement these questionnaires with other screening tests for the detection of convergence insufficiency.展开更多
How to comprehensively,scientifically,objectively and impartially evaluate the multiple learning achievements of the PBL model should be highlighted when PBL is introduced and applied.A questionnaire of a total of 23 ...How to comprehensively,scientifically,objectively and impartially evaluate the multiple learning achievements of the PBL model should be highlighted when PBL is introduced and applied.A questionnaire of a total of 23 items involving such dimensions of language proficiency,subject contents and 21 st Century skills was designed.Its reliability and validity were tested and well-met with the statistical requirements.展开更多
文摘Background:Hypertension is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide.Urbanization has contributed to an increased prevalence of hypertension by introducing lifestyle-related risk factors such as physical inactivity,unhealthy dietary patterns,and stress.Region-specific tools for assessing hypertension risk factors are essential for designing effective public health interventions.Objectives:This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the risk factors for hypertension in the urban population of Mysuru and identify the prevalence of key modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 participants aged 18-60 years in urban Mysuru.A 40-item questionnaire was developed based on literature review and expert input.It included domains such as sociodemographic factors,lifestyle habits,and clinical history.Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha,while construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis.Results:The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency(Cronbach’s alpha>0.7)and satisfactory construct validity.Key findings included a high prevalence of low physical activity(60%),high salt intake(50%),and overweight individuals(30%).In addition,40%of participants reported a family history of hypertension,and 18%had prediabetes.These findings emphasize the role of modifiable risk factors in the rising hypertension burden in urban settings.Conclusion:The developed and validated questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing hypertension risk factors in urban populations.
文摘AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergence insufficiency and to compare their diagnostic value in clinical applications.METHODS:Using the diagnostic test method,62 adult patients with convergence insufficiency(age:24.74±3.75y)and 62 normal participants(age:23.61±3.13y)who visited the Optometry Clinic of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2021 to January 2023 were included.All subjects completed the CISS and COVD-QOL.Statistical analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the CISS and COVD-QOL and comparison and joint experimental analysis of their diagnostic efficacy were performed.RESULTS:The sensitivity of the CISS and COVD-QOL for convergence insufficiency was 64.5%and 71.0%,respectively,while the specificity was 96.8%and 67.7%,respectively.Compared to the CISS alone,the combination of the CISS and COVD-QOL demonstrated lower sensitivity and specificity.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CISS,COVD-QOL and CISS combined with COVD-QOL were 0.806,0.694 and 0.782,respectively.CONCLUSION:Considering the low sensitivity of the CISS and the low specificity of the COVD-QOL,it is recommended to supplement these questionnaires with other screening tests for the detection of convergence insufficiency.
文摘How to comprehensively,scientifically,objectively and impartially evaluate the multiple learning achievements of the PBL model should be highlighted when PBL is introduced and applied.A questionnaire of a total of 23 items involving such dimensions of language proficiency,subject contents and 21 st Century skills was designed.Its reliability and validity were tested and well-met with the statistical requirements.
