The term allelopathy refers to biochemical interaction between all types of plants including microorganisms through production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment and exist widely in Quercus L. The ...The term allelopathy refers to biochemical interaction between all types of plants including microorganisms through production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment and exist widely in Quercus L. The development of investigations into types of allelochemicals, their compounding and spreading pathways, as well as expression of allelopathy in Quercus L. are reviewed in this paper： We have closely and systematically emphasized the functional mechanisms of allelopathy in forest plants for our next research project on allelopathy in Quercus L.展开更多
Acorn production in oaks(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting.The effects of pollen sourced from trees within or outside the stand on acorn production were investigated in pedunculat...Acorn production in oaks(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting.The effects of pollen sourced from trees within or outside the stand on acorn production were investigated in pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in an ancient mixed woodland during two moderate masting years.Comparisons were made between natural pollination,hand pollinations with out-of-stand pollen,in-stand pollen or a 1:1 combination of the two pollen sources,and for bagged flowers left unpollinated.After all treatments,>85%of the flowers or developing acorns were aborted between May and August of both years.When flowers were protected with pollen bags and no pollen added,no acorns were produced.In contrast,hand pollination with out-of-stand pollen produced the most acorns both years and significantly more than within-stand pollen or natural pollination in 2022.Hand pollination with out-of-stand or within-stand pollen provided significantly more acorns than natural pollination in 2023.In 2022,hand pollination with a 1:1 mixture of out-of-stand and within-stand pollen yielded an intermediate number of mature acorns between those for the out-of-stand and within-stand pollination treatments.The study provides clear evidence of maternal choice during acorn development in pedunculate oak and of the benefits of pollen supplementation.It also confirms that pedunculate oak is a fruit-maturation masting species;abortion of pollinated flowers and immature acorns determines a mast year(rather than the number of flowers produced)at this site.展开更多
By measuring the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(P)in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Quercus variabilis forests with different ages(22,35,and 45 a)and origins(nat...By measuring the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(P)in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Quercus variabilis forests with different ages(22,35,and 45 a)and origins(natural forests and planted forests)in the Funiu Mountain area,the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in Q.variabilis forest soils were evaluated.The research results indicated that:(i)there were significant differences(P<0.05)in the SOC content between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Q.variabilis planted forests at different stand ages.Moreover,as the stand age increased,the SOC content in both the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of the planted forests initially decreased and then increased.The TN and TP contents in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Q.variabilis planted forests did not show significant differences across different stand ages,and they exhibited different trends as the stand age increased.(ii)The SOC and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio(N:P)exhibited significant rhizosphere effects,whereas the rhizosphere effects of the TN,TP,carbon to nitrogen ratio(C:N),and carbon to phosphorus ratio(C:P)were not prominent.In terms of the influence of stand age,the SOC,TN,TP,C:P,and N:P were significantly affected.However,the effect of the C:N at the stand age level was not significant.The interactive effects of soil carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and their stoichiometric ratios were all significant.It is recommended to appropriately supplement soil nitrogen and phosphorus to ensure the sustainable development of Q.variabilis forest stand.展开更多
Although Quercus mongolica is a widely distributed,economically and ecologically important deciduous tree in northern China,models to accurately predict stand growth at a regional scale are limited.The physiological p...Although Quercus mongolica is a widely distributed,economically and ecologically important deciduous tree in northern China,models to accurately predict stand growth at a regional scale are limited.The physiological process model(3-PG)has the potential to predict stand growth dynamics under varying site conditions and climate change scenarios.Here,we used field inventory,tree ring sampling,and Bayesian calibration to parameterize a model for Q.mongolica.Stand volume and productivity were then predicted under present conditions and three future climate scenarios(RCP26,RCP45 and RCP85).Our results demonstrated that after Bayesian calibration,the posterior ranges of the sensitivity parameters apha Cx,wSx1000 and pRn accounted for 34%,45%and 65%,respectively,of their prior range.Calibration and validation results revealed a strong correlation between predicted and measured values(R^(2)>0.87,P<0.01),with<20%bias for all growth indicators.Stand volume was projected to increase by 145%and productivity by 80%by the year 2100 under the RCP85 scenario,although these projections may vary across regions.The present study developed a tailored set of 3-PG model parameters for Q.mongolica,based on a comprehensive range of climate conditions,stand structure,and age classes.These parameters offer a scientific basis to accurately predict growth of other monospecific oak or mixed-species stands.展开更多
文摘The term allelopathy refers to biochemical interaction between all types of plants including microorganisms through production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment and exist widely in Quercus L. The development of investigations into types of allelochemicals, their compounding and spreading pathways, as well as expression of allelopathy in Quercus L. are reviewed in this paper： We have closely and systematically emphasized the functional mechanisms of allelopathy in forest plants for our next research project on allelopathy in Quercus L.
基金supported by Future Trees TrustThe Patsy Wood Trust+2 种基金Scottish Forestry TrustAitchinson Tait TrustAction Oak
文摘Acorn production in oaks(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting.The effects of pollen sourced from trees within or outside the stand on acorn production were investigated in pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in an ancient mixed woodland during two moderate masting years.Comparisons were made between natural pollination,hand pollinations with out-of-stand pollen,in-stand pollen or a 1:1 combination of the two pollen sources,and for bagged flowers left unpollinated.After all treatments,>85%of the flowers or developing acorns were aborted between May and August of both years.When flowers were protected with pollen bags and no pollen added,no acorns were produced.In contrast,hand pollination with out-of-stand pollen produced the most acorns both years and significantly more than within-stand pollen or natural pollination in 2022.Hand pollination with out-of-stand or within-stand pollen provided significantly more acorns than natural pollination in 2023.In 2022,hand pollination with a 1:1 mixture of out-of-stand and within-stand pollen yielded an intermediate number of mature acorns between those for the out-of-stand and within-stand pollination treatments.The study provides clear evidence of maternal choice during acorn development in pedunculate oak and of the benefits of pollen supplementation.It also confirms that pedunculate oak is a fruit-maturation masting species;abortion of pollinated flowers and immature acorns determines a mast year(rather than the number of flowers produced)at this site.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271848).
文摘By measuring the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(P)in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Quercus variabilis forests with different ages(22,35,and 45 a)and origins(natural forests and planted forests)in the Funiu Mountain area,the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in Q.variabilis forest soils were evaluated.The research results indicated that:(i)there were significant differences(P<0.05)in the SOC content between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Q.variabilis planted forests at different stand ages.Moreover,as the stand age increased,the SOC content in both the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of the planted forests initially decreased and then increased.The TN and TP contents in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Q.variabilis planted forests did not show significant differences across different stand ages,and they exhibited different trends as the stand age increased.(ii)The SOC and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio(N:P)exhibited significant rhizosphere effects,whereas the rhizosphere effects of the TN,TP,carbon to nitrogen ratio(C:N),and carbon to phosphorus ratio(C:P)were not prominent.In terms of the influence of stand age,the SOC,TN,TP,C:P,and N:P were significantly affected.However,the effect of the C:N at the stand age level was not significant.The interactive effects of soil carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and their stoichiometric ratios were all significant.It is recommended to appropriately supplement soil nitrogen and phosphorus to ensure the sustainable development of Q.variabilis forest stand.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Research Institution of CAF(CAFYBB2022ZA001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071065)。
文摘Although Quercus mongolica is a widely distributed,economically and ecologically important deciduous tree in northern China,models to accurately predict stand growth at a regional scale are limited.The physiological process model(3-PG)has the potential to predict stand growth dynamics under varying site conditions and climate change scenarios.Here,we used field inventory,tree ring sampling,and Bayesian calibration to parameterize a model for Q.mongolica.Stand volume and productivity were then predicted under present conditions and three future climate scenarios(RCP26,RCP45 and RCP85).Our results demonstrated that after Bayesian calibration,the posterior ranges of the sensitivity parameters apha Cx,wSx1000 and pRn accounted for 34%,45%and 65%,respectively,of their prior range.Calibration and validation results revealed a strong correlation between predicted and measured values(R^(2)>0.87,P<0.01),with<20%bias for all growth indicators.Stand volume was projected to increase by 145%and productivity by 80%by the year 2100 under the RCP85 scenario,although these projections may vary across regions.The present study developed a tailored set of 3-PG model parameters for Q.mongolica,based on a comprehensive range of climate conditions,stand structure,and age classes.These parameters offer a scientific basis to accurately predict growth of other monospecific oak or mixed-species stands.
