Let ε ： y^2 = x3 ＋ Ax ＋ B be an elliptic curve defined over the finite field Zp（p 〉 3） and G be a rational point of prime order N on ε. Define a subset of ZN, the residue class ring modulo N, asS：={n：n∈ZN,n...Let ε ： y^2 = x3 ＋ Ax ＋ B be an elliptic curve defined over the finite field Zp（p 〉 3） and G be a rational point of prime order N on ε. Define a subset of ZN, the residue class ring modulo N, asS：={n：n∈ZN,n≠0,（X（nG）/p）=1} where X（nG） denotes the x-axis of the rational points nC and （＊/P） is the Legendre symbol. Some explicit results on quasi-randomness of S are investigated. The construction depends on the intrinsic group structures of elliptic curves and character sums along elliptic curves play an important role in the proofs.展开更多
We study the quasi-random choice method （QRCM） for the Liouville equation of ge- ometrical optics with discontinuous locM wave speed. This equation arises in the phase space computation of high frequency waves throu...We study the quasi-random choice method （QRCM） for the Liouville equation of ge- ometrical optics with discontinuous locM wave speed. This equation arises in the phase space computation of high frequency waves through interfaces, where waves undergo partial transmissions and reflections. The numerical challenges include interface, contact discon- tinuities, and measure-valued solutions. The so-called QRCM is a random choice method based on quasi-random sampling （a deterministic alternative to random sampling）. The method not only is viscosity-free but also provides faster convergence rate. Therefore, it is appealing for the prob!em under study which is indeed a Hamiltonian flow. Our analy- sis and computational results show that the QRCM 1） is almost first-order accurate even with the aforementioned discontinuities; 2） gives sharp resolutions for all discontinuities encountered in the problem; and 3） for measure-valued solutions, does not need the level set decomposition for finite difference/volume methods with numerical viscosities.展开更多
目的系统评价冬虫夏草治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效。方法计算机检索CBM、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、PubMed、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(2013年第7期)以及EMbase,查找天然虫草或人工虫草制剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺...目的系统评价冬虫夏草治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效。方法计算机检索CBM、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、PubMed、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(2013年第7期)以及EMbase,查找天然虫草或人工虫草制剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的随机或半随机对照试验。按照Cochrane系统评价方法筛选文献、提取资料并评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入14个半随机对照试验,1 162例患者。Meta分析结果显示:①人工虫草制剂+常规治疗组的总有效率优于常规治疗组[稳定期RR=1.33,95%CI(1.14,1.54),P=0.000 3;急性期RR=1.36,95%CI(1.14,1.62),P=0.000 8]。人工虫草制剂+常规治疗组对稳定期患者的肺功能指标FEV1/FVC[MD=5.48,95%CI(3.22,7.74),P<0.000 01]、FEV1%[MD=3.75,95%CI(0.91,6.59),P=0.010]以及6分钟步行试验[MD=43.51,95%CI(27.66,59.36),P<0.000 01]均有较好的改善作用。但尚缺乏报告血气分析、免疫功能和生存质量的研究,以及对急性期患者各项指标的报告。②1个研究结果显示,人工虫草制剂+常规治疗组与斯奇康+常规治疗组的总有效率无明显差异,前者的肺功能有更好的改善。结论现有证据表明,人工虫草制剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病有一定效果,尤其可改善稳定期患者的肺功能和运动耐力,提高治疗总有效率。但纳入研究质量低,影响了合并结果的论证强度。今后尚需进一步开展高质量、大样本的临床研究验证其临床效果。展开更多
目的运用Cochrane系统评价的方法评价不同部位和不同途径注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效性和安全性,以期为临床合理选择注射部位和途径提供依据。方法计算机检索PubMed(1966-2006．5)、EMbase(1966～2006．5)、Cochrane图书馆(200...目的运用Cochrane系统评价的方法评价不同部位和不同途径注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效性和安全性,以期为临床合理选择注射部位和途径提供依据。方法计算机检索PubMed(1966-2006．5)、EMbase(1966～2006．5)、Cochrane图书馆(2006年第2期)、CRD(Center for Reviews and Dissemination,York University)和CBM(1978～2006．5)、CNKI (1994～2006)、VIP(1989～2006),同时筛检了纳入文献的参考文献。收集有关不同部位和途径注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的随机和半随机对照试验,由两名评价员独立评价文献质量。结果共纳入8个研究,1035例患者。由于纳入研究间存在异质性,未能进行合并分析。其中,4个研究为比较盘内、盘外及盘内外注射,结果显示胶原酶盘内、盘外和盘内外注射的近、远期有效率的差异均无统计学意义。另4个研究(436例)为盘外法注射中各间隙比较,其中1个研究结果(100例)显示,前间隙与侧间隙注射胶原酶均优于后间隙注射;其余研究(纳入病例数均小于50例)显示,三个间隙注射疗效相似(P值均大于0．05)。结论目前尚无证据证明不同部位注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果有何差异,但不同间隙注射的研究显示注射到前间隙与侧间隙均优于后间隙。由于每种注射部位和途径纳入的研究数少,质量不高,且诊断标准、随访时间、结果测量指标和判效标准等均不一致,因此需要开展大样本、多中心、方法科学、规范的高质量随机对照试验进一步验证。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61170246)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University of China(No.JK2010047)the Open Funds of State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Chinese Academy of Sciences)(No.01-01-1)
文摘Let ε ： y^2 = x3 ＋ Ax ＋ B be an elliptic curve defined over the finite field Zp（p 〉 3） and G be a rational point of prime order N on ε. Define a subset of ZN, the residue class ring modulo N, asS：={n：n∈ZN,n≠0,（X（nG）/p）=1} where X（nG） denotes the x-axis of the rational points nC and （＊/P） is the Legendre symbol. Some explicit results on quasi-randomness of S are investigated. The construction depends on the intrinsic group structures of elliptic curves and character sums along elliptic curves play an important role in the proofs.
文摘We study the quasi-random choice method （QRCM） for the Liouville equation of ge- ometrical optics with discontinuous locM wave speed. This equation arises in the phase space computation of high frequency waves through interfaces, where waves undergo partial transmissions and reflections. The numerical challenges include interface, contact discon- tinuities, and measure-valued solutions. The so-called QRCM is a random choice method based on quasi-random sampling （a deterministic alternative to random sampling）. The method not only is viscosity-free but also provides faster convergence rate. Therefore, it is appealing for the prob!em under study which is indeed a Hamiltonian flow. Our analy- sis and computational results show that the QRCM 1） is almost first-order accurate even with the aforementioned discontinuities; 2） gives sharp resolutions for all discontinuities encountered in the problem; and 3） for measure-valued solutions, does not need the level set decomposition for finite difference/volume methods with numerical viscosities.
文摘目的运用Cochrane系统评价的方法评价不同部位和不同途径注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效性和安全性,以期为临床合理选择注射部位和途径提供依据。方法计算机检索PubMed(1966-2006．5)、EMbase(1966～2006．5)、Cochrane图书馆(2006年第2期)、CRD(Center for Reviews and Dissemination,York University)和CBM(1978～2006．5)、CNKI (1994～2006)、VIP(1989～2006),同时筛检了纳入文献的参考文献。收集有关不同部位和途径注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的随机和半随机对照试验,由两名评价员独立评价文献质量。结果共纳入8个研究,1035例患者。由于纳入研究间存在异质性,未能进行合并分析。其中,4个研究为比较盘内、盘外及盘内外注射,结果显示胶原酶盘内、盘外和盘内外注射的近、远期有效率的差异均无统计学意义。另4个研究(436例)为盘外法注射中各间隙比较,其中1个研究结果(100例)显示,前间隙与侧间隙注射胶原酶均优于后间隙注射;其余研究(纳入病例数均小于50例)显示,三个间隙注射疗效相似(P值均大于0．05)。结论目前尚无证据证明不同部位注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果有何差异,但不同间隙注射的研究显示注射到前间隙与侧间隙均优于后间隙。由于每种注射部位和途径纳入的研究数少,质量不高,且诊断标准、随访时间、结果测量指标和判效标准等均不一致,因此需要开展大样本、多中心、方法科学、规范的高质量随机对照试验进一步验证。
基金国家自然科学基金(the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60773062,No.60673045)教育部科学技术研究重点项目(the Key Scientific and Technical Research Project of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No.206012)河北省教育厅科研计划重点项目(the Key Scientific Research Project of Department of Hebei of Education of China under Grant No.2005001D)
