The idea of space-time as a combination of shapeless fundamental elements is proposed.The history of the development of ideas about the discrete space-time structure is analyzed.Quantum space-time is considered as a s...The idea of space-time as a combination of shapeless fundamental elements is proposed.The history of the development of ideas about the discrete space-time structure is analyzed.Quantum space-time is considered as a set of quantum states defined on a set of discretizations with an arbitrary shape of the boundaries of regions.The fundamental element of such space-time is described by the totality of its probabilistic characteristics.We consider a concept in which space-time is the only quantum object,and all material particles and interaction carriers are described as excited states of the fundamental elements of this quantum object.展开更多
The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum f...The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum fluctuations and excitation energies are calculated on two-dimensional black hole and soliton background.展开更多
The large scale universe is full of mystery;the dark matter and dark energy amount to respective 23%and 73%of the total energy of the universe,whereas the rest 4%of the total energy is attributed to the normal materia...The large scale universe is full of mystery;the dark matter and dark energy amount to respective 23%and 73%of the total energy of the universe,whereas the rest 4%of the total energy is attributed to the normal material world which can be comprehended by the present science.In the nano-scale quantum world,the EPR(Einstein,Podolsky,and Rosen)paradox and Bells formalism and its experimental tests demonstrated that there is an intrinsic nonlocality present in the quantum world through quantum entanglement which is against the relativity that the information communication between two quanta cannot exceed the speed of light.Even more seriously is the philosophical problem why a deterministic Schrodinger equation describes a particle resulting in a probability interpretation of the particle.In the medium size of the universe,the human brain is mysterious;the human all have consciousness that is the subjective awareness of the inner and outer world which is hard to comprehend in physics;some paranormal phenomena due to the action of the consciousness like finger reading,remote viewing,psychokinesis are even harder to understand.In order to explain these large,medium,and small scale bewildering phenomena in the universe,I proposed two hypotheses in 2014(Lee,2014):(1)The real universe is a complex universe consisting of 8 dimensional(8D)space-time.In addition to our familiar 4D real space-time(Yang),there exists another 4D imaginary space-time(Yin)full of consciousness and information websites which are part of the dark matter.(2)When an object is in a quantum state,the imaginary part of its complex wavefunction(or quantum field)represents the consciousness of the object;the content of the consciousness is determined by the space-time geometry of the real part of the complex wavefunction(quantum mind).This hypothesis provides a scientific basis for pan-psychism that everything has a soul but so long as it enters into the quantum state.展开更多
In this article,we study the DKP equation for the oscillator in a G?del-type space-time background.We derive the final form of this equation in a flat class of G?del-type space-time and solve it analytically,and evalu...In this article,we study the DKP equation for the oscillator in a G?del-type space-time background.We derive the final form of this equation in a flat class of G?del-type space-time and solve it analytically,and evaluate the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions,in detail.展开更多
We present an alternative sixteen-component hypercomplex scalar-vector values named “space-time sedenions”, generating associative noncommutative space-time Clifford algebra. The generalization of relativistic quant...We present an alternative sixteen-component hypercomplex scalar-vector values named “space-time sedenions”, generating associative noncommutative space-time Clifford algebra. The generalization of relativistic quantum mechanics and field theory equations based on sedenionic wave function and space-time operators is discussed.展开更多
The relativistic quantum motions of the oscillator field(via the Klein–Gordon oscillator equation)under a uniform magnetic field in a topologically non-trivial space-time geometry are analyzed.We solve the Klein–Gor...The relativistic quantum motions of the oscillator field(via the Klein–Gordon oscillator equation)under a uniform magnetic field in a topologically non-trivial space-time geometry are analyzed.We solve the Klein–Gordon oscillator equation using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and obtain the energy profile and the wave function.We discuss the effects of the non-trivial topology and the magnetic field on the energy eigenvalues.We find that the energy eigenvalues depend on the quantum flux field that shows an analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect.Furthermore,we obtain the persistent currents,the magnetization,and the magnetic susceptibility at zero temperature in the quantum system defined in a state and show that these magnetic parameters are modified by various factors.展开更多
Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be...Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be interpreted as freedom in space-time, which results in possibility of time travel and space transition of the zero-energy state, which could be information or mind. The wave function of a physical system composed of multiple particles or wave-packets is examined and found that it can be arbitrarily changed by grouping by observers. It leads to an idea that even infinitesimal energy or wave-packets in a heavy physical system may separately exist and it has the infinite freedom of space-time.展开更多
In this paper we consider properties of the four-dimensional space-time manifold M caused by the proposition that, according to the scheme theory, the manifold M is locally isomorphic to the spectrum of the algebra A,...In this paper we consider properties of the four-dimensional space-time manifold M caused by the proposition that, according to the scheme theory, the manifold M is locally isomorphic to the spectrum of the algebra A, M ≅Spec (A), where A is the commutative algebra of distributions of quantum-field densities. Points of the manifold M are defined as maximal ideals of density distributions. In order to determine the algebra A, it is necessary to define multiplication on densities and to eliminate those densities, which cannot be multiplied. This leads to essential restrictions imposed on densities and on space-time properties. It is found that the only possible case, when the commutative algebra A exists, is the case, when the quantum fields are in the space-time manifold M with the structure group SO (3, 1) (Lorentz group). The algebra A consists of distributions of densities with singularities in the closed future light cone subset. On account of the local isomorphism M ≅Spec (A) , the quantum fields exist only in the space-time manifold with the one-dimensional arrow of time. In the fermion sector the restrictions caused by the possibility to define the multiplication on the densities of spinor fields can explain the chirality violation. It is found that for bosons in the Higgs sector the charge conjugation symmetry violation on the densities of states can be observed. This symmetry violation can explain the matter-antimatter imbalance. It is found that in theoretical models with non-abelian gauge fields instanton distributions are impossible and tunneling effects between different topological vacua | n> do not occur. Diagram expansion with respect to the -algebra variables is considered.展开更多
This paper proposes a new step-by-step Chebyshev space-time spectral method to analyze the force vibration of functionally graded material structures.Although traditional space-time spectral methods can reduce the acc...This paper proposes a new step-by-step Chebyshev space-time spectral method to analyze the force vibration of functionally graded material structures.Although traditional space-time spectral methods can reduce the accuracy mismatch between tem-poral low-order finite difference and spatial high-order discre tization,the ir time collocation points must increase dramatically to solve highly oscillatory solutions of structural vibration,which results in a surge in computing time and a decrease in accuracy.To address this problem,we introduced the step-by-step idea in the space-time spectral method.The Chebyshev polynomials and Lagrange's equation were applied to derive discrete spatial goverming equations,and a matrix projection method was used to map the calculation results of prev ious steps as the initial conditions of the subsequent steps.A series of numerical experiments were carried out.The results of the proposed method were compared with those obtained by traditional space-time spectral methods,which showed that higher accuracy could be achieved in a shorter computation time than the latter in highly oscillatory cases.展开更多
Existing orthogonal space-time block coding(OSTBC)schemes for backscatter communication systems cannot achieve a full transmission code rate when the tag is equipped with more than two antennas.In this paper,we propos...Existing orthogonal space-time block coding(OSTBC)schemes for backscatter communication systems cannot achieve a full transmission code rate when the tag is equipped with more than two antennas.In this paper,we propose a quasi-orthogonal spacetime block code(QOSTBC)that can achieve a full transmission code rate for backscatter communication systems with a four-antenna tag and then extend the scheme to support tags with 2i antennas.Specifically,we first present the system model for the backscatter system.Next,we propose the QOSTBC scheme to encode the tag signals.Then,we provide the corresponding maximum likelihood detection algorithms to recover the tag signals.Finally,simulation results are provided to demonstrate that our proposed QOSTBC scheme and the detection algorithm can achieve a better transmission code rate or symbol error rate performance for backscatter communication systems compared with benchmark schemes.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a hybrid decode-and-forward and soft information relaying(HDFSIR)strategy to mitigate error propagation in coded cooperative communications.In the HDFSIR approach,the relay operates in decode-...In this paper,we propose a hybrid decode-and-forward and soft information relaying(HDFSIR)strategy to mitigate error propagation in coded cooperative communications.In the HDFSIR approach,the relay operates in decode-and-forward(DF)mode when it successfully decodes the received message;otherwise,it switches to soft information relaying(SIR)mode.The benefits of the DF and SIR forwarding strategies are combined to achieve better performance than deploying the DF or SIR strategy alone.Closed-form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error rate(SER)are derived for coded cooperative communication with HDFSIR and energy-harvesting relays.Additionally,we introduce a novel normalized log-likelihood-ratio based soft estimation symbol(NL-SES)mapping technique,which enhances soft symbol accuracy for higher-order modulation,and propose a model characterizing the relationship between the estimated complex soft symbol and the actual high-order modulated symbol.Further-more,the hybrid DF-SIR strategy is extended to a distributed Alamouti space-time-coded cooperative network.To evaluate the~performance of the proposed HDFSIR strategy,we implement extensive Monte Carlo simulations under varying channel conditions.Results demonstrate significant improvements with the hybrid technique outperforming individual DF and SIR strategies in both conventional and distributed Alamouti space-time coded cooperative networks.Moreover,at a SER of 10^(-3),the proposed NL-SES mapping demonstrated a 3.5 dB performance gain over the conventional averaging one,highlighting its superior accuracy in estimating soft symbols for quadrature phase-shift keying modulation.展开更多
Quantum dot(QD)-based fluorescent inks offer high potential due to their tunable emission and high quantum yield,but their practical application suffers from poor environmental stability,aggregation,and challenges in ...Quantum dot(QD)-based fluorescent inks offer high potential due to their tunable emission and high quantum yield,but their practical application suffers from poor environmental stability,aggregation,and challenges in scalable flexible fabrication.In this study,a high-stability fluorescent ink was developed by incorporating QDs into a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)colloidal matrix.High-performance patterned films were then obtained via systematic optimization of screen-printing parameters,with film quality governed by substrate type(131μm PDMS),QD concentration(1.5 mg/mL),and screen mesh count(420 mesh).The optimized films exhibit outstanding environmental and photostability,retaining 75.6% of their fluorescence intensity after immersion in deionized water and 63.8% in 75%ethanol at 25℃ for 100 minutes.Under UV irradiation(365 nm,9 W,100 min),fluorescence intensity decreases by less than 20%.Utilizing their daylight transparency and UV-excitable luminescence,various patterns including QR codes and Code 93 standard barcodes were fabricated via screen printing with high pattern fidelity and machine readability.This study presents a scalable and reliable strategy for the fabrication of flexible,high-stability fluorescent films,supporting their integration into next-generation optoelectronic devices,advanced displays,and secure anti-counterfeiting.展开更多
A quantum gravity version is given to the Brans-Dicke theory.We find that the matter field quantum fluctuation induces the conformal quantum fluctuation of space-time,and that the latter backreacts to the classical sp...A quantum gravity version is given to the Brans-Dicke theory.We find that the matter field quantum fluctuation induces the conformal quantum fluctuation of space-time,and that the latter backreacts to the classical space-time and transforms it from Einstein space-time into the Brans-Dicke one.展开更多
In this paper,we present a circuit model of single-quantum-well InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes based on the standard rate equations.Two rate equations describe carrier transport processes occurring in sep-arate confi...In this paper,we present a circuit model of single-quantum-well InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes based on the standard rate equations.Two rate equations describe carrier transport processes occurring in sep-arate confinement heterostructure and quantum well respectively,and the third equation describes the varied photons in quantum well.By using the presented model,impacts of quantum well thickness on the static and dynamic performances are investigated.Simulated results show that LED with 4 nm well exhibits better lightcurrent(L-I)performance,but LED with 3 nm well presents wider 3 dB modulation bandwidth.It reveals that high carrier density in quantum well is detrimental to the static performance,but beneficial to the dynamic performance.展开更多
Post-quantum transport layer security(PQ-TLS)is capable of effectively defending against quantum threats to current network communications,whereas its larger public key and certificate sizes as well as higher computat...Post-quantum transport layer security(PQ-TLS)is capable of effectively defending against quantum threats to current network communications,whereas its larger public key and certificate sizes as well as higher computational overhead may result in a significant performance reduction compared with conventional TLS.In this paper,we present a systematic evaluation of PQ-TLS performance across diverse deployment scenarios to address the following critical research questions.(1)What is the performance behavior of PQ-TLS across different TLS modes?(2)How does PQ-TLS perform across varying client scales?(3)Which network topology is most suitable for PQ-TLS?(4)How does PQ-TLS perform on personal computers(PCs)compared to embedded IoT devices?To the best of our knowledge,this is the first work to comprehensively address these issues,offering implementers some insights into PQ-TLS performance and guidance for optimizing it across diverse scenarios.展开更多
In this work, we make a number of proposals to explain how a world of (4 + 4)-dimensions can be useful for a better understanding of both dark matter and quantum gravity. The key idea is to look for some advantage of ...In this work, we make a number of proposals to explain how a world of (4 + 4)-dimensions can be useful for a better understanding of both dark matter and quantum gravity. The key idea is to look for some advantage of considering self-dual invariants in (4 + 4)-dimensions rather than in a separate context of (1 + 3)-dimensions or (3 + 1)-dimensions. In fact, we show that by considering the duality concept in (4 + 4)-dimensions we may provide an alternative meaning of a framework for loop quantum gravity. Moreover, considering the Dirac equation in (4 + 4)-dimensions for a particle without electric charge and mass, we show that when it is projected into the (1 + 3) and (3 + 1)-worlds may describe a system with electric charge and mass. We also discuss the relation between the three physical scenarios;(4 + 4)-world, black-holes and dark matter.展开更多
Programmable two-particle quantum walks are crucial for advancing quantum simulation,computation,and information processing.Although disorder is traditionally associated with information loss,it can also facilitate em...Programmable two-particle quantum walks are crucial for advancing quantum simulation,computation,and information processing.Although disorder is traditionally associated with information loss,it can also facilitate emergent phenomena such as enhanced energy transport.Here,we experimentally realize a 12-step discrete-time quantum walk in programmable integrated photonic circuits,introducing tunable static and dynamic disorder to explore quantum transport dynamics.In periodic lattices,disorder induces light localization and drives a transition from quantum ballistic to classical diffusive behavior.In particular,quantum walks of correlated photons exhibit a disorder-induced bunching effect,accompanied by enhanced nonclassical correlations.Our platform provides a scalable framework for investigating multiparticle quantum dynamics in engineered environments,promoting the development of quantum optics toward large-scale applications.展开更多
Coulomb drag refers to the phenomenon in which a current driven through one conducting layer induces a voltage nearby,electrically isolated layer sorely through interlayer Coulomb interactions between charge carriers....Coulomb drag refers to the phenomenon in which a current driven through one conducting layer induces a voltage nearby,electrically isolated layer sorely through interlayer Coulomb interactions between charge carriers.It has been extensively studied in various systems,including parallel nanowires,double quantum wells,and double-layer graphene.Here,we report the observation of Coulomb drag in a novel system consisting of two graphene layers separated laterally by a 30 nm gap within the material plane,exhibiting behavior distinct from that in vertical graphene heterostructures.Our experiments reveal pronounced negative drag resistances under an out-of-plane magnetic field at the quantum Hall edges,reaching a maximum when the carrier densities in both graphene layers are tuned to the charge neutrality point via gate voltages.Our work establish two separate and spatially closed quantum Hall edge modes as a new platform to explore electronic interaction physics between one dimensional systems.展开更多
Near-infrared image sensors are widely used in fields such as material identification,machine vision,and autonomous driving.Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot-based infrared photodiodes can be integrated with sil⁃icon...Near-infrared image sensors are widely used in fields such as material identification,machine vision,and autonomous driving.Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot-based infrared photodiodes can be integrated with sil⁃icon-based readout circuits in a single step.Based on this,we propose a photodiode based on an n-i-p structure,which removes the buffer layer and further simplifies the manufacturing process of quantum dot image sensors,thus reducing manufacturing costs.Additionally,for the noise complexity in quantum dot image sensors when capturing images,traditional denoising and non-uniformity methods often do not achieve optimal denoising re⁃sults.For the noise and stripe-type non-uniformity commonly encountered in infrared quantum dot detector imag⁃es,a network architecture has been developed that incorporates multiple key modules.This network combines channel attention and spatial attention mechanisms,dynamically adjusting the importance of feature maps to en⁃hance the ability to distinguish between noise and details.Meanwhile,the residual dense feature fusion module further improves the network's ability to process complex image structures through hierarchical feature extraction and fusion.Furthermore,the pyramid pooling module effectively captures information at different scales,improv⁃ing the network's multi-scale feature representation ability.Through the collaborative effect of these modules,the network can better handle various mixed noise and image non-uniformity issues.Experimental results show that it outperforms the traditional U-Net network in denoising and image correction tasks.展开更多
The advent of quantum computing poses a significant challenge to traditional cryptographic protocols,particularly those used in SecureMultiparty Computation(MPC),a fundamental cryptographic primitive for privacypreser...The advent of quantum computing poses a significant challenge to traditional cryptographic protocols,particularly those used in SecureMultiparty Computation(MPC),a fundamental cryptographic primitive for privacypreserving computation.Classical MPC relies on cryptographic techniques such as homomorphic encryption,secret sharing,and oblivious transfer,which may become vulnerable in the post-quantum era due to the computational power of quantum adversaries.This study presents a review of 140 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2025 that used different databases like MDPI,IEEE Explore,Springer,and Elsevier,examining the applications,types,and security issues with the solution of Quantum computing in different fields.This review explores the impact of quantum computing on MPC security,assesses emerging quantum-resistant MPC protocols,and examines hybrid classicalquantum approaches aimed at mitigating quantum threats.We analyze the role of Quantum Key Distribution(QKD),post-quantum cryptography(PQC),and quantum homomorphic encryption in securing multiparty computations.Additionally,we discuss the challenges of scalability,computational efficiency,and practical deployment of quantumsecure MPC frameworks in real-world applications such as privacy-preserving AI,secure blockchain transactions,and confidential data analysis.This review provides insights into the future research directions and open challenges in ensuring secure,scalable,and quantum-resistant multiparty computation.展开更多
文摘The idea of space-time as a combination of shapeless fundamental elements is proposed.The history of the development of ideas about the discrete space-time structure is analyzed.Quantum space-time is considered as a set of quantum states defined on a set of discretizations with an arbitrary shape of the boundaries of regions.The fundamental element of such space-time is described by the totality of its probabilistic characteristics.We consider a concept in which space-time is the only quantum object,and all material particles and interaction carriers are described as excited states of the fundamental elements of this quantum object.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Education Committee under Grant No.08ZA038
文摘The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum fluctuations and excitation energies are calculated on two-dimensional black hole and soliton background.
文摘The large scale universe is full of mystery;the dark matter and dark energy amount to respective 23%and 73%of the total energy of the universe,whereas the rest 4%of the total energy is attributed to the normal material world which can be comprehended by the present science.In the nano-scale quantum world,the EPR(Einstein,Podolsky,and Rosen)paradox and Bells formalism and its experimental tests demonstrated that there is an intrinsic nonlocality present in the quantum world through quantum entanglement which is against the relativity that the information communication between two quanta cannot exceed the speed of light.Even more seriously is the philosophical problem why a deterministic Schrodinger equation describes a particle resulting in a probability interpretation of the particle.In the medium size of the universe,the human brain is mysterious;the human all have consciousness that is the subjective awareness of the inner and outer world which is hard to comprehend in physics;some paranormal phenomena due to the action of the consciousness like finger reading,remote viewing,psychokinesis are even harder to understand.In order to explain these large,medium,and small scale bewildering phenomena in the universe,I proposed two hypotheses in 2014(Lee,2014):(1)The real universe is a complex universe consisting of 8 dimensional(8D)space-time.In addition to our familiar 4D real space-time(Yang),there exists another 4D imaginary space-time(Yin)full of consciousness and information websites which are part of the dark matter.(2)When an object is in a quantum state,the imaginary part of its complex wavefunction(or quantum field)represents the consciousness of the object;the content of the consciousness is determined by the space-time geometry of the real part of the complex wavefunction(quantum mind).This hypothesis provides a scientific basis for pan-psychism that everything has a soul but so long as it enters into the quantum state.
文摘In this article,we study the DKP equation for the oscillator in a G?del-type space-time background.We derive the final form of this equation in a flat class of G?del-type space-time and solve it analytically,and evaluate the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions,in detail.
文摘We present an alternative sixteen-component hypercomplex scalar-vector values named “space-time sedenions”, generating associative noncommutative space-time Clifford algebra. The generalization of relativistic quantum mechanics and field theory equations based on sedenionic wave function and space-time operators is discussed.
文摘The relativistic quantum motions of the oscillator field(via the Klein–Gordon oscillator equation)under a uniform magnetic field in a topologically non-trivial space-time geometry are analyzed.We solve the Klein–Gordon oscillator equation using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and obtain the energy profile and the wave function.We discuss the effects of the non-trivial topology and the magnetic field on the energy eigenvalues.We find that the energy eigenvalues depend on the quantum flux field that shows an analogue of the Aharonov–Bohm effect.Furthermore,we obtain the persistent currents,the magnetization,and the magnetic susceptibility at zero temperature in the quantum system defined in a state and show that these magnetic parameters are modified by various factors.
文摘Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be interpreted as freedom in space-time, which results in possibility of time travel and space transition of the zero-energy state, which could be information or mind. The wave function of a physical system composed of multiple particles or wave-packets is examined and found that it can be arbitrarily changed by grouping by observers. It leads to an idea that even infinitesimal energy or wave-packets in a heavy physical system may separately exist and it has the infinite freedom of space-time.
文摘In this paper we consider properties of the four-dimensional space-time manifold M caused by the proposition that, according to the scheme theory, the manifold M is locally isomorphic to the spectrum of the algebra A, M ≅Spec (A), where A is the commutative algebra of distributions of quantum-field densities. Points of the manifold M are defined as maximal ideals of density distributions. In order to determine the algebra A, it is necessary to define multiplication on densities and to eliminate those densities, which cannot be multiplied. This leads to essential restrictions imposed on densities and on space-time properties. It is found that the only possible case, when the commutative algebra A exists, is the case, when the quantum fields are in the space-time manifold M with the structure group SO (3, 1) (Lorentz group). The algebra A consists of distributions of densities with singularities in the closed future light cone subset. On account of the local isomorphism M ≅Spec (A) , the quantum fields exist only in the space-time manifold with the one-dimensional arrow of time. In the fermion sector the restrictions caused by the possibility to define the multiplication on the densities of spinor fields can explain the chirality violation. It is found that for bosons in the Higgs sector the charge conjugation symmetry violation on the densities of states can be observed. This symmetry violation can explain the matter-antimatter imbalance. It is found that in theoretical models with non-abelian gauge fields instanton distributions are impossible and tunneling effects between different topological vacua | n> do not occur. Diagram expansion with respect to the -algebra variables is considered.
基金supported by the Advance Research Project of Civil Aerospace Technology(Grant No.D020304)National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52205257 and U22B2083).
文摘This paper proposes a new step-by-step Chebyshev space-time spectral method to analyze the force vibration of functionally graded material structures.Although traditional space-time spectral methods can reduce the accuracy mismatch between tem-poral low-order finite difference and spatial high-order discre tization,the ir time collocation points must increase dramatically to solve highly oscillatory solutions of structural vibration,which results in a surge in computing time and a decrease in accuracy.To address this problem,we introduced the step-by-step idea in the space-time spectral method.The Chebyshev polynomials and Lagrange's equation were applied to derive discrete spatial goverming equations,and a matrix projection method was used to map the calculation results of prev ious steps as the initial conditions of the subsequent steps.A series of numerical experiments were carried out.The results of the proposed method were compared with those obtained by traditional space-time spectral methods,which showed that higher accuracy could be achieved in a shorter computation time than the latter in highly oscillatory cases.
基金supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(L222002)the Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B2004).
文摘Existing orthogonal space-time block coding(OSTBC)schemes for backscatter communication systems cannot achieve a full transmission code rate when the tag is equipped with more than two antennas.In this paper,we propose a quasi-orthogonal spacetime block code(QOSTBC)that can achieve a full transmission code rate for backscatter communication systems with a four-antenna tag and then extend the scheme to support tags with 2i antennas.Specifically,we first present the system model for the backscatter system.Next,we propose the QOSTBC scheme to encode the tag signals.Then,we provide the corresponding maximum likelihood detection algorithms to recover the tag signals.Finally,simulation results are provided to demonstrate that our proposed QOSTBC scheme and the detection algorithm can achieve a better transmission code rate or symbol error rate performance for backscatter communication systems compared with benchmark schemes.
基金funded by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Jouf University under grant No.(DGSSR-2024-02-02160).
文摘In this paper,we propose a hybrid decode-and-forward and soft information relaying(HDFSIR)strategy to mitigate error propagation in coded cooperative communications.In the HDFSIR approach,the relay operates in decode-and-forward(DF)mode when it successfully decodes the received message;otherwise,it switches to soft information relaying(SIR)mode.The benefits of the DF and SIR forwarding strategies are combined to achieve better performance than deploying the DF or SIR strategy alone.Closed-form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error rate(SER)are derived for coded cooperative communication with HDFSIR and energy-harvesting relays.Additionally,we introduce a novel normalized log-likelihood-ratio based soft estimation symbol(NL-SES)mapping technique,which enhances soft symbol accuracy for higher-order modulation,and propose a model characterizing the relationship between the estimated complex soft symbol and the actual high-order modulated symbol.Further-more,the hybrid DF-SIR strategy is extended to a distributed Alamouti space-time-coded cooperative network.To evaluate the~performance of the proposed HDFSIR strategy,we implement extensive Monte Carlo simulations under varying channel conditions.Results demonstrate significant improvements with the hybrid technique outperforming individual DF and SIR strategies in both conventional and distributed Alamouti space-time coded cooperative networks.Moreover,at a SER of 10^(-3),the proposed NL-SES mapping demonstrated a 3.5 dB performance gain over the conventional averaging one,highlighting its superior accuracy in estimating soft symbols for quadrature phase-shift keying modulation.
文摘Quantum dot(QD)-based fluorescent inks offer high potential due to their tunable emission and high quantum yield,but their practical application suffers from poor environmental stability,aggregation,and challenges in scalable flexible fabrication.In this study,a high-stability fluorescent ink was developed by incorporating QDs into a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)colloidal matrix.High-performance patterned films were then obtained via systematic optimization of screen-printing parameters,with film quality governed by substrate type(131μm PDMS),QD concentration(1.5 mg/mL),and screen mesh count(420 mesh).The optimized films exhibit outstanding environmental and photostability,retaining 75.6% of their fluorescence intensity after immersion in deionized water and 63.8% in 75%ethanol at 25℃ for 100 minutes.Under UV irradiation(365 nm,9 W,100 min),fluorescence intensity decreases by less than 20%.Utilizing their daylight transparency and UV-excitable luminescence,various patterns including QR codes and Code 93 standard barcodes were fabricated via screen printing with high pattern fidelity and machine readability.This study presents a scalable and reliable strategy for the fabrication of flexible,high-stability fluorescent films,supporting their integration into next-generation optoelectronic devices,advanced displays,and secure anti-counterfeiting.
文摘A quantum gravity version is given to the Brans-Dicke theory.We find that the matter field quantum fluctuation induces the conformal quantum fluctuation of space-time,and that the latter backreacts to the classical space-time and transforms it from Einstein space-time into the Brans-Dicke one.
文摘In this paper,we present a circuit model of single-quantum-well InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes based on the standard rate equations.Two rate equations describe carrier transport processes occurring in sep-arate confinement heterostructure and quantum well respectively,and the third equation describes the varied photons in quantum well.By using the presented model,impacts of quantum well thickness on the static and dynamic performances are investigated.Simulated results show that LED with 4 nm well exhibits better lightcurrent(L-I)performance,but LED with 3 nm well presents wider 3 dB modulation bandwidth.It reveals that high carrier density in quantum well is detrimental to the static performance,but beneficial to the dynamic performance.
基金Special Fund for Key Technologies in Blockchain of Shanghai Scientific and Technological Committee(23511100300)。
文摘Post-quantum transport layer security(PQ-TLS)is capable of effectively defending against quantum threats to current network communications,whereas its larger public key and certificate sizes as well as higher computational overhead may result in a significant performance reduction compared with conventional TLS.In this paper,we present a systematic evaluation of PQ-TLS performance across diverse deployment scenarios to address the following critical research questions.(1)What is the performance behavior of PQ-TLS across different TLS modes?(2)How does PQ-TLS perform across varying client scales?(3)Which network topology is most suitable for PQ-TLS?(4)How does PQ-TLS perform on personal computers(PCs)compared to embedded IoT devices?To the best of our knowledge,this is the first work to comprehensively address these issues,offering implementers some insights into PQ-TLS performance and guidance for optimizing it across diverse scenarios.
文摘In this work, we make a number of proposals to explain how a world of (4 + 4)-dimensions can be useful for a better understanding of both dark matter and quantum gravity. The key idea is to look for some advantage of considering self-dual invariants in (4 + 4)-dimensions rather than in a separate context of (1 + 3)-dimensions or (3 + 1)-dimensions. In fact, we show that by considering the duality concept in (4 + 4)-dimensions we may provide an alternative meaning of a framework for loop quantum gravity. Moreover, considering the Dirac equation in (4 + 4)-dimensions for a particle without electric charge and mass, we show that when it is projected into the (1 + 3) and (3 + 1)-worlds may describe a system with electric charge and mass. We also discuss the relation between the three physical scenarios;(4 + 4)-world, black-holes and dark matter.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2325022,U23A2074,12204462,62275240,62435009,12474494,and 12204468)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.253 YSBR-049)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(Grant No.2022b1302007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M753083)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX20240353)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.WK2030000107,WK2030000108,and WK2030000081)。
文摘Programmable two-particle quantum walks are crucial for advancing quantum simulation,computation,and information processing.Although disorder is traditionally associated with information loss,it can also facilitate emergent phenomena such as enhanced energy transport.Here,we experimentally realize a 12-step discrete-time quantum walk in programmable integrated photonic circuits,introducing tunable static and dynamic disorder to explore quantum transport dynamics.In periodic lattices,disorder induces light localization and drives a transition from quantum ballistic to classical diffusive behavior.In particular,quantum walks of correlated photons exhibit a disorder-induced bunching effect,accompanied by enhanced nonclassical correlations.Our platform provides a scalable framework for investigating multiparticle quantum dynamics in engineered environments,promoting the development of quantum optics toward large-scale applications.
基金support from the National Key Projects for Research and Development of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1204700,2021YFA1400400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12525403)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20220066,BK20233001)Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in Jiangsu(Grant No.JSSCTD202101)support from the JSPS KAKENHI(Grant Numbers 21H05233 and 23H02052)World Premier International Research Center Initiative(WPI),MEXT,Japan.
文摘Coulomb drag refers to the phenomenon in which a current driven through one conducting layer induces a voltage nearby,electrically isolated layer sorely through interlayer Coulomb interactions between charge carriers.It has been extensively studied in various systems,including parallel nanowires,double quantum wells,and double-layer graphene.Here,we report the observation of Coulomb drag in a novel system consisting of two graphene layers separated laterally by a 30 nm gap within the material plane,exhibiting behavior distinct from that in vertical graphene heterostructures.Our experiments reveal pronounced negative drag resistances under an out-of-plane magnetic field at the quantum Hall edges,reaching a maximum when the carrier densities in both graphene layers are tuned to the charge neutrality point via gate voltages.Our work establish two separate and spatially closed quantum Hall edge modes as a new platform to explore electronic interaction physics between one dimensional systems.
基金Supported by the National key research and development program in the 14th five year plan 2021YFA1200700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62535018,62431025,62561160113)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1473400).
文摘Near-infrared image sensors are widely used in fields such as material identification,machine vision,and autonomous driving.Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot-based infrared photodiodes can be integrated with sil⁃icon-based readout circuits in a single step.Based on this,we propose a photodiode based on an n-i-p structure,which removes the buffer layer and further simplifies the manufacturing process of quantum dot image sensors,thus reducing manufacturing costs.Additionally,for the noise complexity in quantum dot image sensors when capturing images,traditional denoising and non-uniformity methods often do not achieve optimal denoising re⁃sults.For the noise and stripe-type non-uniformity commonly encountered in infrared quantum dot detector imag⁃es,a network architecture has been developed that incorporates multiple key modules.This network combines channel attention and spatial attention mechanisms,dynamically adjusting the importance of feature maps to en⁃hance the ability to distinguish between noise and details.Meanwhile,the residual dense feature fusion module further improves the network's ability to process complex image structures through hierarchical feature extraction and fusion.Furthermore,the pyramid pooling module effectively captures information at different scales,improv⁃ing the network's multi-scale feature representation ability.Through the collaborative effect of these modules,the network can better handle various mixed noise and image non-uniformity issues.Experimental results show that it outperforms the traditional U-Net network in denoising and image correction tasks.
文摘The advent of quantum computing poses a significant challenge to traditional cryptographic protocols,particularly those used in SecureMultiparty Computation(MPC),a fundamental cryptographic primitive for privacypreserving computation.Classical MPC relies on cryptographic techniques such as homomorphic encryption,secret sharing,and oblivious transfer,which may become vulnerable in the post-quantum era due to the computational power of quantum adversaries.This study presents a review of 140 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2025 that used different databases like MDPI,IEEE Explore,Springer,and Elsevier,examining the applications,types,and security issues with the solution of Quantum computing in different fields.This review explores the impact of quantum computing on MPC security,assesses emerging quantum-resistant MPC protocols,and examines hybrid classicalquantum approaches aimed at mitigating quantum threats.We analyze the role of Quantum Key Distribution(QKD),post-quantum cryptography(PQC),and quantum homomorphic encryption in securing multiparty computations.Additionally,we discuss the challenges of scalability,computational efficiency,and practical deployment of quantumsecure MPC frameworks in real-world applications such as privacy-preserving AI,secure blockchain transactions,and confidential data analysis.This review provides insights into the future research directions and open challenges in ensuring secure,scalable,and quantum-resistant multiparty computation.
