A brief account of basic connotation and evaluation indexes system of harmonious leadership teams is given. On this basis, a simulation model is built by using the ARENA simulation software and the quantified simulati...A brief account of basic connotation and evaluation indexes system of harmonious leadership teams is given. On this basis, a simulation model is built by using the ARENA simulation software and the quantified simulation is carried out for the factors of harmonization of aerospace enterprise leadership teams. Moreover, by taking the characteristics of aerospace enterprise leadership teams into consideration, the comparison of harmonization quantified results of several typical leadership teams, especially on the comparative analysis of influencing degrees of moral characters and capabilities on the leadership teams overall harmonization is emphatically discussed. Finally, a conclusion is drawn.展开更多
A new parallel architecture for quantified boolean formula(QBF)solving was proposed,and the prediction model based on machine learning technology was proposed for how sharing knowledge affects the solving performance ...A new parallel architecture for quantified boolean formula(QBF)solving was proposed,and the prediction model based on machine learning technology was proposed for how sharing knowledge affects the solving performance in QBF parallel solving system,and the experimental evaluation scheme was also designed.It shows that the characterization factor of clause and cube influence the solving performance markedly in our experiment.At the same time,the heuristic machine learning algorithm was applied,support vector machine was chosen to predict the performance of QBF parallel solving system based on clause sharing and cube sharing.The relative error of accuracy for prediction can be controlled in a reasonable range of 20%30%.The results show the important and complex role that knowledge sharing plays in any modern parallel solver.It shows that the parallel solver with machine learning reduces the quantity of knowledge sharing about 30%and saving computational resource but does not reduce the performance of solving system.展开更多
This paper focuses on the quantitative analysis issue of the routing metrics tradeoff problem, and presents a Quantified Cost-Balanced overlay multicast routing scheme (QCost-Balanced) to the metric tradeoff problem b...This paper focuses on the quantitative analysis issue of the routing metrics tradeoff problem, and presents a Quantified Cost-Balanced overlay multicast routing scheme (QCost-Balanced) to the metric tradeoff problem between overlay path delay and access bandwidth at Multicast Server Nodes (MSN) for real-time ap-plications over Internet. Besides implementing a dynamic priority to MSNs by weighing the size of its service clients for better efficiency, QCost-Balanced tradeoffs these two metrics by a unified tradeoff metric based on quantitative analysis. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the scheme achieves a better tradeoff gain in both two metrics, and effective performance in metric quantitative control.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the utility of virtual reality system in quantitative comparison for cavernous sinus surgical approach. Methods Image data of CT and MRI scan performed in five adult cadaver heads was inputted in...Objective To evaluate the utility of virtual reality system in quantitative comparison for cavernous sinus surgical approach. Methods Image data of CT and MRI scan performed in five adult cadaver heads was inputted into the Destroscope virtual reality system to build 3-D model of cavernous sinus.展开更多
Facing constraints imposed by storage and bandwidth limitations,the vast volume of phasor meas-urement unit(PMU)data collected by the wide-area measurement system(WAMS)for power systems cannot be fully utilized.This l...Facing constraints imposed by storage and bandwidth limitations,the vast volume of phasor meas-urement unit(PMU)data collected by the wide-area measurement system(WAMS)for power systems cannot be fully utilized.This limitation significantly hinders the effective deployment of situational awareness technologies for systematic applications.In this work,an effective curvature quantified Douglas-Peucker(CQDP)-based PMU data compression method is proposed for situational awareness of power systems.First,a curvature integrated distance(CID)for measuring the local flection and fluc-tuation of PMU signals is developed.The Doug-las-Peucker(DP)algorithm integrated with a quan-tile-based parameter adaptation scheme is then proposed to extract feature points for profiling the trends within the PMU signals.This allows adaptive adjustment of the al-gorithm parameters,so as to maintain the desired com-pression ratio and reconstruction accuracy as much as possible,irrespective of the power system dynamics.Fi-nally,case studies on the Western Electricity Coordinat-ing Council(WECC)179-bus system and the actual Guangdong power system are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves stably higher compression ratio and reconstruction accuracy in both steady state and in transients of the power system,and alleviates the compression performance degradation problem faced by existing compression methods.Index Terms—Curvature quantified Douglas-Peucker,data compression,phasor measurement unit,power sys-tem situational awareness.展开更多
Based on the intuitionistic first order predicate calculusH given by Thomason with the modal machinery of MIPC put forward by Prior this paper obtains the intuitionistic quantified modal logic system MIPC*, gives it a...Based on the intuitionistic first order predicate calculusH given by Thomason with the modal machinery of MIPC put forward by Prior this paper obtains the intuitionistic quantified modal logic system MIPC*, gives it a semantic interpretation and proves its strong (thus also weak) completeness theorem and soundness theorem with respect to that semantic. Since Zorn lemma plays a decisive role in our discussion, methodologically, it was even farther from the intuitionistic point of view than Thomason's result.展开更多
Let S be a propositional modal system and S~* be the quantification of S, then we can prove the algebraic semantic completeness theorem of the kind of Rasiowa-Sikorski for S~* by showing that S has the property (E)giv...Let S be a propositional modal system and S~* be the quantification of S, then we can prove the algebraic semantic completeness theorem of the kind of Rasiowa-Sikorski for S~* by showing that S has the property (E)given in [1]. But except for a few cases, it is very difficult to show thara system S has the property (E). So for most quantified modal systems,展开更多
Solving a quantified constraint satisfaction problem(QCSP)is usually a hard task due to its computational complexity.Exact algorithms play an important role in solving this problem,among which backtrack algorithms are...Solving a quantified constraint satisfaction problem(QCSP)is usually a hard task due to its computational complexity.Exact algorithms play an important role in solving this problem,among which backtrack algorithms are effective.In a backtrack algorithm,an important step is assigning a variable by a chosen value when exploiting a branch,and thus a good value selection rule may speed up greatly.In this paper,we propose two value selection rules for existentially and universally quantified variables,respectively,to avoid unnecessary searching.The rule for universally quantified variables is prior to trying failure values in previous branches,and the rule for existentially quantified variables selects the promising values first.Two rules are integrated into the state-of-the-art QCSP solver,i.e.,QCSP-Solve,which is an exact solver based on backtracking.We perform a number of experiments to evaluate improvements brought by our rules.From computational results,we can conclude that the new value selection rules speed up the solver by 5 times on average and 30 times at most.We also show both rules perform well particularly on instances with existentially and universally quantified variables occurring alternatively.展开更多
Efficient tool condition monitoring techniques help to realize intelligent management of tool life and reduce tool usage costs.In this paper,the influence of different wear degrees of ball-end milling cutters on the t...Efficient tool condition monitoring techniques help to realize intelligent management of tool life and reduce tool usage costs.In this paper,the influence of different wear degrees of ball-end milling cutters on the texture shape of machining tool marks is investigated,and a method is proposed for predicting the wear state(including the position and degree of tool wear)of ball-end milling cutters based on entropy measurement of tool mark texture images.Firstly,data samples are prepared through wear experiments,and the change law of the tool mark texture shape with the tool wear state is analyzed.Then,a two-dimensional sample entropy algorithm is developed to quantify the texture morphology.Finally,the processing parameters and tool attitude are integrated into the prediction process to predict the wear value and wear position of the ball end milling cutter.After testing,the correlation between the predicted value and the standard value of the proposed tool condition monitoring method reaches 95.32%,and the accuracy reaches 82.73%,indicating that the proposed method meets the requirement of tool condition monitoring.展开更多
BACKGROUND The impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on liver and spleen stiffness remains unclear,as does the association between preoperative liver and spleen stiffness and prognosis following...BACKGROUND The impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on liver and spleen stiffness remains unclear,as does the association between preoperative liver and spleen stiffness and prognosis following TIPS.AIM To investigate changes in liver and spleen stiffness after TIPS and examines the relationship between these parameters and the prognosis of post-TIPS patients.METHODS A total of 76 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension who underwent TIPS were included.Liver and spleen stiffness was assessed using the sound touch quantify(STQ)value,determined via point shear wave elastography in ultrasound imaging.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between liver and spleen stiffness and cumulative survival in TIPS patients.RESULTS The liver STQ value demonstrated a marginally decreasing trend over time(P=0.052),while the spleen STQ value showed a significantly decreasing trend(P=0.025).Spleen STQ was positively correlated with portal pressure gradient(PPG)levels(rs=0.327,P=0.025).Cox regression analysis indicated that older age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.063,95%CI:0.997-1.133,P=0.060]and a higher liver STQ value(HR=1.051,95%CI:1.009-1.095,P=0.018)were associated with an increased mortality risk after TIPS.No significant correlation was found between liver or spleen stiffness and overt hepatic encephalopathy post-TIPS.The liver STQ value[area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)=0.724(95%CI:0.563-0.884)]showed superior predictive performance compared to the Child-Pugh score[AUC=0.699(95%CI:0.529-0.870)]and was comparable to the model for end-stage liver disease score[AUC=0.746(95%CI:0.591-0.902)].CONCLUSION Following TIPS,spleen stiffness exhibited a more pronounced change than liver stiffness and was positively associated with PPG.Preoperative liver stiffness serves as a prognostic indicator for survival in patients undergoing TIPS.展开更多
Detrital geochronology fundamentally involves the quantification of major age ranges and their weights winthin an age distribution.This study presents a streamlined approach,modeling the age distribution of detrital z...Detrital geochronology fundamentally involves the quantification of major age ranges and their weights winthin an age distribution.This study presents a streamlined approach,modeling the age distribution of detrital zircons using a normal mixture model,and employs the Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm for precise estimations.A method is introduced to automatically select appropriate initial mean values for EM algorithm,enhancing its efficacy in detrital geochronology.This process entails multiple trials with varying numbers of age components leading to diverse k-component models.The model with the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC)is identified as the most suitable.For accurate component number and weight determination,a substantial sample size(n>200)is advisable. Our findings based on both synthetic and empirical datasets confirm that the normal mixture model,refined by the EM algorithm,reliably identifies key age parameters with minimal error.As a kind of probability density estimator,the normal mixture model offers a novel visualization tool for detrital data and an alternative foundation for KDE in calculating existing similarity metrics.Another focus of this study is the critical examination of quantitative metrics for comparing detrital zircon age patterns.Through a case study,this study demonstrates that metrics based on empirical cumulative probability distribution(such as K-S and Kuiper statistics)may lead to erroneous conclusions.The employment of the Kullback-Leibler(KL)divergence,a metric grounded in probability density estimation,is proposed.Reference critical values,simulated via the Monte Carlo method,provide more objective benchmarks for these quantitative metrics. All methodologies discussed are encapsulated in a series of MATLAB scripts,available as open-source code and a standalone application,facilitating wider adoption and application in the field.展开更多
The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to cont...The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to control needle depth, lifting and thrusting frequency, and the duration of acupuncture. Effects of the quantified acupuncture were observed at Neiguan （PC6） with different stimulation parameters. A frequency of 1, 2, or 3 Hz and duration of 5, 60, or 180 seconds were used to observe cerebral blood flow and ratio of infarct volume recovery. Results showed that stimulation at Neiguan with a frequency of 1 Hz and long duration of 180 seconds or 2/3 Hz and long duration of 5/60 seconds significantly increased cerebral blood flow and decreased the ratio of infarct volume. In- teractions between frequency and duration play a critical role in quantified acupuncture therapy.展开更多
Prognostics and health management （PHM） is very important to guarantee the reliability and safety of aerospace systems, and sensing and test are the precondition of PHM. Integrating design for testability into early...Prognostics and health management （PHM） is very important to guarantee the reliability and safety of aerospace systems, and sensing and test are the precondition of PHM. Integrating design for testability into early design stage of system early design stage is deemed as a fundamental way to improve PHM performance, and testability model is the base of testability analysis and design. This paper discusses a hierarchical model-based approach to testability modeling and analysis for heading attitude system health management. Quantified directed graph, of which the nodes represent components and tests and the directed edges represent fault propagation paths, is used to describe fault-test dependency, and quantitative testability information is assigned to nodes and directed edges. The fault dependencies between nodes can be obtained by functional fault analysis methodology that captures the physical architecture and material flows such as energy, heat, data, and so on. By incorporating physics of failure models into component, the dynamic process of a failing or degrading component can be projected onto system behavior, i.e., system symptoms. Then, the analysis of extended failure modes, mechanisms and effects is utilized to construct fault evolution-test dependency. Using this integrated model, the designers and system analysts can assess the test suite＇s fault detectability, fault isolability and fault predictability. And heading attitude system application results show that the proposed model can support testability analysis and design for PHM very well.展开更多
Chinese has special quantifiers as a part of speech while English does not have independent quantifiers.To some degree,the difference comes from the different cultural backgrounds.
Based on the properties of ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and regular increasing monotone (RIM) quantifier, three methods for generating monotonic OWA operator weights are proposed. They are geometric OWA o...Based on the properties of ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and regular increasing monotone (RIM) quantifier, three methods for generating monotonic OWA operator weights are proposed. They are geometric OWA operator weights, equidifferent OWA operator weights and the modified RIM quantifier OWA weights. Compared with most of the common OWA methods for generating weights, the methods proposed in this paper are more intuitive and efficient in computation. And as there are more than one solution in most cases, the decision maker can set some initial condition and chooses the appropriate solution in the real decision process, which increases the flexibility of decision making to some extent. All these three OWA methods for generating weights are illustrated by numerical examples.展开更多
Spectral quantitative fingerprinting including ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) coupled with combustion heat (CH) analytical techniques was employed and compared for rapid screening quality grad...Spectral quantitative fingerprinting including ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) coupled with combustion heat (CH) analytical techniques was employed and compared for rapid screening quality grade and discriminating San-Huang Tablets (SHT) of different commercial brands. The systematic quantified fingerprint method (SQFM) was applied to evaluate, qualitatively and quantitatively, the quality consistency of the herbal preparation. It was possible to deduce that the quantitative similarity analysis by SQFM was enabled to make a good discrimination of the tested samples. It was a particularly useful method for the overall quality evaluation of herbal medicine and their preparations.展开更多
Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced...Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced and reasonable ethics of science-technology. Basic concepts and characteristics of ethics and morals are distinguished and defined in this paper. Three ethic essences of science-technology are abstracted from scientific-technological generation, application, and development. The three-dimension system of basic principles for scientific-technologic ethics is created, as illustrated by the portions given in this paper. The evolution formula of value system is derived, and used for appraising whether the science-technology activity is in all reason. Furthermore, it provides the theory base for quantified management. Finally, it is pointed out that morality and law should be supplemented each other in the science-technology management.展开更多
By lifelogging, we understand a specific, very recent phenomenon of digital technology, which falls within the range of practices of the quantified self. It is a complex form of self-management through self-monitoring...By lifelogging, we understand a specific, very recent phenomenon of digital technology, which falls within the range of practices of the quantified self. It is a complex form of self-management through self-monitoring and self-tracking practices, which combines the use of wearable computers for measuring psycho-physical performances through specific apps for the processing, selecting and describing of the data collected, possibly in combination with video recordings. Given that lifelogging is becoming increasingly widespread in technologically advanced societies and that practices related to it are becoming part of most people＇s everyday lives, it is more important than ever to gain an understanding of the phenomenon. In this paper, I am interested in particular in exploring the issue of the transformations in the perception, comprehension, and construction of self, and hence in subjectification practices, deriving from the new digital technologies, and especially lifelogging.展开更多
The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid...The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid chromatography,which avoided the one-sidedness of single fingerprinting.Characteristic fingerprints of thirty batches of samples were generated at five wavelengths and evaluated by quantified ratio fingerprint method(QRFM).The results showed that thirty batches of samples were classified into seven grades.The methods established in this paper were found suitable for the analysis of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan.展开更多
文摘A brief account of basic connotation and evaluation indexes system of harmonious leadership teams is given. On this basis, a simulation model is built by using the ARENA simulation software and the quantified simulation is carried out for the factors of harmonization of aerospace enterprise leadership teams. Moreover, by taking the characteristics of aerospace enterprise leadership teams into consideration, the comparison of harmonization quantified results of several typical leadership teams, especially on the comparative analysis of influencing degrees of moral characters and capabilities on the leadership teams overall harmonization is emphatically discussed. Finally, a conclusion is drawn.
基金Project(61171141)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A new parallel architecture for quantified boolean formula(QBF)solving was proposed,and the prediction model based on machine learning technology was proposed for how sharing knowledge affects the solving performance in QBF parallel solving system,and the experimental evaluation scheme was also designed.It shows that the characterization factor of clause and cube influence the solving performance markedly in our experiment.At the same time,the heuristic machine learning algorithm was applied,support vector machine was chosen to predict the performance of QBF parallel solving system based on clause sharing and cube sharing.The relative error of accuracy for prediction can be controlled in a reasonable range of 20%30%.The results show the important and complex role that knowledge sharing plays in any modern parallel solver.It shows that the parallel solver with machine learning reduces the quantity of knowledge sharing about 30%and saving computational resource but does not reduce the performance of solving system.
文摘This paper focuses on the quantitative analysis issue of the routing metrics tradeoff problem, and presents a Quantified Cost-Balanced overlay multicast routing scheme (QCost-Balanced) to the metric tradeoff problem between overlay path delay and access bandwidth at Multicast Server Nodes (MSN) for real-time ap-plications over Internet. Besides implementing a dynamic priority to MSNs by weighing the size of its service clients for better efficiency, QCost-Balanced tradeoffs these two metrics by a unified tradeoff metric based on quantitative analysis. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the scheme achieves a better tradeoff gain in both two metrics, and effective performance in metric quantitative control.
文摘Objective To evaluate the utility of virtual reality system in quantitative comparison for cavernous sinus surgical approach. Methods Image data of CT and MRI scan performed in five adult cadaver heads was inputted into the Destroscope virtual reality system to build 3-D model of cavernous sinus.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52077195).
文摘Facing constraints imposed by storage and bandwidth limitations,the vast volume of phasor meas-urement unit(PMU)data collected by the wide-area measurement system(WAMS)for power systems cannot be fully utilized.This limitation significantly hinders the effective deployment of situational awareness technologies for systematic applications.In this work,an effective curvature quantified Douglas-Peucker(CQDP)-based PMU data compression method is proposed for situational awareness of power systems.First,a curvature integrated distance(CID)for measuring the local flection and fluc-tuation of PMU signals is developed.The Doug-las-Peucker(DP)algorithm integrated with a quan-tile-based parameter adaptation scheme is then proposed to extract feature points for profiling the trends within the PMU signals.This allows adaptive adjustment of the al-gorithm parameters,so as to maintain the desired com-pression ratio and reconstruction accuracy as much as possible,irrespective of the power system dynamics.Fi-nally,case studies on the Western Electricity Coordinat-ing Council(WECC)179-bus system and the actual Guangdong power system are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves stably higher compression ratio and reconstruction accuracy in both steady state and in transients of the power system,and alleviates the compression performance degradation problem faced by existing compression methods.Index Terms—Curvature quantified Douglas-Peucker,data compression,phasor measurement unit,power sys-tem situational awareness.
文摘Based on the intuitionistic first order predicate calculusH given by Thomason with the modal machinery of MIPC put forward by Prior this paper obtains the intuitionistic quantified modal logic system MIPC*, gives it a semantic interpretation and proves its strong (thus also weak) completeness theorem and soundness theorem with respect to that semantic. Since Zorn lemma plays a decisive role in our discussion, methodologically, it was even farther from the intuitionistic point of view than Thomason's result.
文摘Let S be a propositional modal system and S~* be the quantification of S, then we can prove the algebraic semantic completeness theorem of the kind of Rasiowa-Sikorski for S~* by showing that S has the property (E)given in [1]. But except for a few cases, it is very difficult to show thara system S has the property (E). So for most quantified modal systems,
基金We would like to thank Dr.Peter Nightingale for the source code of QCSP-Solve.The work described in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Granted Nos.61972063,61763003,61672122,61602077,61402070)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3132019029,3132019355).
文摘Solving a quantified constraint satisfaction problem(QCSP)is usually a hard task due to its computational complexity.Exact algorithms play an important role in solving this problem,among which backtrack algorithms are effective.In a backtrack algorithm,an important step is assigning a variable by a chosen value when exploiting a branch,and thus a good value selection rule may speed up greatly.In this paper,we propose two value selection rules for existentially and universally quantified variables,respectively,to avoid unnecessary searching.The rule for universally quantified variables is prior to trying failure values in previous branches,and the rule for existentially quantified variables selects the promising values first.Two rules are integrated into the state-of-the-art QCSP solver,i.e.,QCSP-Solve,which is an exact solver based on backtracking.We perform a number of experiments to evaluate improvements brought by our rules.From computational results,we can conclude that the new value selection rules speed up the solver by 5 times on average and 30 times at most.We also show both rules perform well particularly on instances with existentially and universally quantified variables occurring alternatively.
基金Project(51975169)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LH2022E085)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China。
文摘Efficient tool condition monitoring techniques help to realize intelligent management of tool life and reduce tool usage costs.In this paper,the influence of different wear degrees of ball-end milling cutters on the texture shape of machining tool marks is investigated,and a method is proposed for predicting the wear state(including the position and degree of tool wear)of ball-end milling cutters based on entropy measurement of tool mark texture images.Firstly,data samples are prepared through wear experiments,and the change law of the tool mark texture shape with the tool wear state is analyzed.Then,a two-dimensional sample entropy algorithm is developed to quantify the texture morphology.Finally,the processing parameters and tool attitude are integrated into the prediction process to predict the wear value and wear position of the ball end milling cutter.After testing,the correlation between the predicted value and the standard value of the proposed tool condition monitoring method reaches 95.32%,and the accuracy reaches 82.73%,indicating that the proposed method meets the requirement of tool condition monitoring.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200650Shanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine,No.202204010501004+3 种基金the Precision Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Innovation Base for Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension,No.YDZJSX20231B010the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,No.20210302124282 and No.202203021212046the Shanxi Province Higher Education“Billion Project Science and Technology Guidance Project”,No.2C622024120the National Natural Science Foundation of China Supporting Fund,No.Y82200650.
文摘BACKGROUND The impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on liver and spleen stiffness remains unclear,as does the association between preoperative liver and spleen stiffness and prognosis following TIPS.AIM To investigate changes in liver and spleen stiffness after TIPS and examines the relationship between these parameters and the prognosis of post-TIPS patients.METHODS A total of 76 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension who underwent TIPS were included.Liver and spleen stiffness was assessed using the sound touch quantify(STQ)value,determined via point shear wave elastography in ultrasound imaging.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between liver and spleen stiffness and cumulative survival in TIPS patients.RESULTS The liver STQ value demonstrated a marginally decreasing trend over time(P=0.052),while the spleen STQ value showed a significantly decreasing trend(P=0.025).Spleen STQ was positively correlated with portal pressure gradient(PPG)levels(rs=0.327,P=0.025).Cox regression analysis indicated that older age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.063,95%CI:0.997-1.133,P=0.060]and a higher liver STQ value(HR=1.051,95%CI:1.009-1.095,P=0.018)were associated with an increased mortality risk after TIPS.No significant correlation was found between liver or spleen stiffness and overt hepatic encephalopathy post-TIPS.The liver STQ value[area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)=0.724(95%CI:0.563-0.884)]showed superior predictive performance compared to the Child-Pugh score[AUC=0.699(95%CI:0.529-0.870)]and was comparable to the model for end-stage liver disease score[AUC=0.746(95%CI:0.591-0.902)].CONCLUSION Following TIPS,spleen stiffness exhibited a more pronounced change than liver stiffness and was positively associated with PPG.Preoperative liver stiffness serves as a prognostic indicator for survival in patients undergoing TIPS.
文摘Detrital geochronology fundamentally involves the quantification of major age ranges and their weights winthin an age distribution.This study presents a streamlined approach,modeling the age distribution of detrital zircons using a normal mixture model,and employs the Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm for precise estimations.A method is introduced to automatically select appropriate initial mean values for EM algorithm,enhancing its efficacy in detrital geochronology.This process entails multiple trials with varying numbers of age components leading to diverse k-component models.The model with the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC)is identified as the most suitable.For accurate component number and weight determination,a substantial sample size(n>200)is advisable. Our findings based on both synthetic and empirical datasets confirm that the normal mixture model,refined by the EM algorithm,reliably identifies key age parameters with minimal error.As a kind of probability density estimator,the normal mixture model offers a novel visualization tool for detrital data and an alternative foundation for KDE in calculating existing similarity metrics.Another focus of this study is the critical examination of quantitative metrics for comparing detrital zircon age patterns.Through a case study,this study demonstrates that metrics based on empirical cumulative probability distribution(such as K-S and Kuiper statistics)may lead to erroneous conclusions.The employment of the Kullback-Leibler(KL)divergence,a metric grounded in probability density estimation,is proposed.Reference critical values,simulated via the Monte Carlo method,provide more objective benchmarks for these quantitative metrics. All methodologies discussed are encapsulated in a series of MATLAB scripts,available as open-source code and a standalone application,facilitating wider adoption and application in the field.
基金funded by Development Plan(973 Plan) of National Critical and Basic Research,No.2012CB518505,2010CB530500,2006CB504504
文摘The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to control needle depth, lifting and thrusting frequency, and the duration of acupuncture. Effects of the quantified acupuncture were observed at Neiguan （PC6） with different stimulation parameters. A frequency of 1, 2, or 3 Hz and duration of 5, 60, or 180 seconds were used to observe cerebral blood flow and ratio of infarct volume recovery. Results showed that stimulation at Neiguan with a frequency of 1 Hz and long duration of 180 seconds or 2/3 Hz and long duration of 5/60 seconds significantly increased cerebral blood flow and decreased the ratio of infarct volume. In- teractions between frequency and duration play a critical role in quantified acupuncture therapy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51175502)
文摘Prognostics and health management （PHM） is very important to guarantee the reliability and safety of aerospace systems, and sensing and test are the precondition of PHM. Integrating design for testability into early design stage of system early design stage is deemed as a fundamental way to improve PHM performance, and testability model is the base of testability analysis and design. This paper discusses a hierarchical model-based approach to testability modeling and analysis for heading attitude system health management. Quantified directed graph, of which the nodes represent components and tests and the directed edges represent fault propagation paths, is used to describe fault-test dependency, and quantitative testability information is assigned to nodes and directed edges. The fault dependencies between nodes can be obtained by functional fault analysis methodology that captures the physical architecture and material flows such as energy, heat, data, and so on. By incorporating physics of failure models into component, the dynamic process of a failing or degrading component can be projected onto system behavior, i.e., system symptoms. Then, the analysis of extended failure modes, mechanisms and effects is utilized to construct fault evolution-test dependency. Using this integrated model, the designers and system analysts can assess the test suite＇s fault detectability, fault isolability and fault predictability. And heading attitude system application results show that the proposed model can support testability analysis and design for PHM very well.
文摘Chinese has special quantifiers as a part of speech while English does not have independent quantifiers.To some degree,the difference comes from the different cultural backgrounds.
文摘Based on the properties of ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and regular increasing monotone (RIM) quantifier, three methods for generating monotonic OWA operator weights are proposed. They are geometric OWA operator weights, equidifferent OWA operator weights and the modified RIM quantifier OWA weights. Compared with most of the common OWA methods for generating weights, the methods proposed in this paper are more intuitive and efficient in computation. And as there are more than one solution in most cases, the decision maker can set some initial condition and chooses the appropriate solution in the real decision process, which increases the flexibility of decision making to some extent. All these three OWA methods for generating weights are illustrated by numerical examples.
文摘Spectral quantitative fingerprinting including ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) coupled with combustion heat (CH) analytical techniques was employed and compared for rapid screening quality grade and discriminating San-Huang Tablets (SHT) of different commercial brands. The systematic quantified fingerprint method (SQFM) was applied to evaluate, qualitatively and quantitatively, the quality consistency of the herbal preparation. It was possible to deduce that the quantitative similarity analysis by SQFM was enabled to make a good discrimination of the tested samples. It was a particularly useful method for the overall quality evaluation of herbal medicine and their preparations.
文摘Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced and reasonable ethics of science-technology. Basic concepts and characteristics of ethics and morals are distinguished and defined in this paper. Three ethic essences of science-technology are abstracted from scientific-technological generation, application, and development. The three-dimension system of basic principles for scientific-technologic ethics is created, as illustrated by the portions given in this paper. The evolution formula of value system is derived, and used for appraising whether the science-technology activity is in all reason. Furthermore, it provides the theory base for quantified management. Finally, it is pointed out that morality and law should be supplemented each other in the science-technology management.
文摘By lifelogging, we understand a specific, very recent phenomenon of digital technology, which falls within the range of practices of the quantified self. It is a complex form of self-management through self-monitoring and self-tracking practices, which combines the use of wearable computers for measuring psycho-physical performances through specific apps for the processing, selecting and describing of the data collected, possibly in combination with video recordings. Given that lifelogging is becoming increasingly widespread in technologically advanced societies and that practices related to it are becoming part of most people＇s everyday lives, it is more important than ever to gain an understanding of the phenomenon. In this paper, I am interested in particular in exploring the issue of the transformations in the perception, comprehension, and construction of self, and hence in subjectification practices, deriving from the new digital technologies, and especially lifelogging.
文摘The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid chromatography,which avoided the one-sidedness of single fingerprinting.Characteristic fingerprints of thirty batches of samples were generated at five wavelengths and evaluated by quantified ratio fingerprint method(QRFM).The results showed that thirty batches of samples were classified into seven grades.The methods established in this paper were found suitable for the analysis of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan.
