Osteoporosis represents a prevalent and debilitating comorbidity in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is characterized by suppressed osteoblast function and disrupted bone microarchitecture....Osteoporosis represents a prevalent and debilitating comorbidity in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is characterized by suppressed osteoblast function and disrupted bone microarchitecture.In this study,we utilized male C57BL/6 J mice to investigate the role of SIRT3 in T2DM.Decreased SIRT3 expression and impaired mitochondrial quality control mechanism are observed in both in vitro and in vivo models of T2DM.Mechanistically,SIRT3 suppression results in hyperacetylation of FOXO3,hindering the activation of the PINK1/PRKN mediated mitophagy pathway and resulting in accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria.Genetical overexpression or pharmacological activation of SIRT3 restores deacetylation status of FOXO3,thus facilitating mitophagy and ameliorating osteogenic impairment in T2DM.Collectively,our findings highlight the fundamental regulatory function of SIRT3 in mitochondrial quality control,crucial for maintaining bone homeostasis in T2DM.These insights not only enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic osteoporosis but also identify SIRT3 as a promising therapeutic target for diabetic osteoporosis.展开更多
The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain in...The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.展开更多
Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medi...Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).展开更多
Wire-arc directed energy deposition(wire-arc DED)enables the fabrication of large-scale metal components with rapid manufacturing ability and diverse material selection,making it a compelling technology in industries ...Wire-arc directed energy deposition(wire-arc DED)enables the fabrication of large-scale metal components with rapid manufacturing ability and diverse material selection,making it a compelling technology in industries and defenses.However,challenges in both macroscale and microscale defects still limit printed component widespread applications.Recent advances in automatic and intelligent technologies have brought a range of quality controllable strategies to the forefront.This review covers these new strategies for the printing component,including path planning,process monitoring,auxiliary processes,and post processing,while discussing the expectation for structure and quality improvement.In addition,the work brings new areas of intelligent wire-arc DED development,including advances in digital twin,visualization,and human-processing interaction to promote its performance.It is anticipated that a focus on intelligent system will be key to smart and high-quality manufacturing for future wire-arc DED.展开更多
Glaucoma is an eye disease characterized by pathologically elevated intraocular pressure,optic nerve atrophy,and visual field defects,which can lead to irreversible vision loss.In recent years,the rapid development of...Glaucoma is an eye disease characterized by pathologically elevated intraocular pressure,optic nerve atrophy,and visual field defects,which can lead to irreversible vision loss.In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has provided new approaches for the early diagnosis and management of glaucoma.By classifying and annotating glaucoma-related images,AI models can learn and recognize the specific pathological features of glaucoma,thereby achieving automated imaging analysis and classification.Research on glaucoma imaging classification and annotation mainly involves color fundus photography(CFP),optical coherence tomography(OCT),anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT),and ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images.CFP is primarily used for the annotation of the optic cup and disc,while OCT is used for measuring and annotating the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer,and AS-OCT and UBM focus on the annotation of the anterior chamber angle structure and the measurement of anterior segment structural parameters.To standardize the classification and annotation of glaucoma images,enhance the quality and consistency of annotated data,and promote the clinical application of intelligent ophthalmology,this guideline has been developed.This guideline systematically elaborates on the principles,methods,processes,and quality control requirements for the classification and annotation of glaucoma images,providing standardized guidance for the classification and annotation of glaucoma images.展开更多
Mitochondria,the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells,play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism.However,their significance extends beyond this,as they are also indispensable in vital...Mitochondria,the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells,play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism.However,their significance extends beyond this,as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation,differentiation,immune responses,and redox balance.In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli,a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control(MQC)mechanism has evolved,encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis,mitochondrial dynamics,and mitophagy,which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms.In this review,we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC.Furthermore,the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail.We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC,aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.展开更多
Laser directed energy deposition(LDED)is an emerging branch of metal-based additive manufacturing(AM)processes,offering unprecedented capabilities for high-performance fabrication with complex geometries and near-net ...Laser directed energy deposition(LDED)is an emerging branch of metal-based additive manufacturing(AM)processes,offering unprecedented capabilities for high-performance fabrication with complex geometries and near-net shapes.This technology is gathering increasing attention from industries such as biomedical,automotive,and aerospace.However,achieving consistent part quality and desired material properties is challenging due to intricate processing parameters and potential process defects such as dynamic melt-pool behavior and localized heat accumulation.This paper reviews recent advances in on-line quality control,focusing on in-situ measurement and closed-loop control for efficient assurance of LDED-fabricated parts.The quality principles,encompassing accuracy and material performance,are summarized to lay a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of quality defects and influencing factors.This review explores and thoroughly compares advancements in indirect process measurements,such as optical,thermal,and acoustic monitoring with direct quality measurements,including laser-line scanning and operando synchrotron X-ray imaging.Depending on the sensing techniques,this paper highlights a hierarchical control strategy for adaptive parameter regulation on intra-layer and inter-layer scales.The requirements and performance of various state-of-the-art controllers are critically compared to indicate their suitable applications.The importance of machine learning in detecting process anomalies and predicting build quality based on sensory signals is also outlined.Future directions are proposed towards adaptive,automated,and intelligent quality control,with a focus on multi-modal monitoring,physics-informed neural networks for interpretable analysis,and multi-objective control applications.展开更多
Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a disease that affects the vision of elderly individuals worldwide.Although current therapeutics have shown effectiveness against AMD,some patients may remain unresponsive and c...Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a disease that affects the vision of elderly individuals worldwide.Although current therapeutics have shown effectiveness against AMD,some patients may remain unresponsive and continue to experience disease progression.Therefore,in-depth knowledge of the mechanism underlying AMD pathogenesis is urgently required to identify potential drug targets for AMD treatment.Recently,studies have suggested that dysfunction of mitochondria can lead to the aggregation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes(STING)innate immunity pathways,ultimately resulting in sterile inflammation and cell death in various cells,such as cardiomyocytes and macrophages.Therefore,combining strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory mediators may hold great potential in facilitating AMD management.Notably,emerging evidence indicates that natural products targeting mitochondrial quality control(MQC)and the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathways exhibit promise in treating AMD.Here,we summarize phytochemicals that could directly or indirectly influence the MQC and the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathways,as well as their interconnected mediators,which have the potential to mitigate oxidative stress and suppress excessive inflammatory responses,thereby hoping to offer new insights into therapeutic interventions for AMD treatment.展开更多
Radionuclide imaging is divided into positron emission tomography and single photon emission tomography and is widely used in clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment,as well as in clinical research for the devel...Radionuclide imaging is divided into positron emission tomography and single photon emission tomography and is widely used in clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment,as well as in clinical research for the development and evaluation of new therapies.Although it is a visually intuitive form of three-dimensional functional imaging,this modality requires the injection of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with positron-or gamma-emitting isotopes into patients to assess and quantify anabolism,gene expression,and other processes.For this reason,radiopharmaceuticals must undergo rigorous quality control(QC)to ensure product purity,efficacy,and safety.Traditional QC of pharmaceuticals is manual,requiring specially trained personnel,a range of expensive analytical and chemical equipment and laboratory space,the consumption of many samples,and usually a long time.Compared with ordinary pharmaceuticals,radiopharmaceuticals have the following unique characteristics:radioactivity,short lifetime,low synthesis yield,and high cost.Therefore,analytical methods and instrumentation must be exclusively developed for the QC of radiopharmaceuticals to avoid large losses owing to radioactive decay or handling.Microfluidics integrates microchannels or microchambers into several square centimeters of a microscale chip through micro-nanofabrication,allowing a precise manipulation of the fluid in microtubules,where various traditional physical,chemical,or biological experiments occur.Microfluidics is gaining attention in the field of analytical testing owing to significantly reduced consumption of samples and reagents,reduced analysis time,increased detection sensitivity,increased multiplexing,and reduced instrument size.Features such as micro size,micro volume,high sensitivity,and on-line testing have led to increasing interest in microfluidics.This review covers the development of integrated microfluidic QC devices that can automatically process,test,analyze,and calculate completed test metrics online.展开更多
Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia Decoction(GXBD)is a traditional Chinese herbal formula including four traditional Chinese medicines:Gualou(Trichosanthis Fructus,TF),Xiebai(Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus,AMB),Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma...Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia Decoction(GXBD)is a traditional Chinese herbal formula including four traditional Chinese medicines:Gualou(Trichosanthis Fructus,TF),Xiebai(Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus,AMB),Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma,PR)and yellow wine.It is a classical therapy for chest stuffiness and pain syndrome and is widely used in the clinical treatment of coronary heart disease.It also shows significant therapeutic effects on pulmonary heart disease,hyperlipidemia,and arrhythmia.This study conducted a literature review and collected information on GXBD from databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and ScienceDirect.The result indicated that the main active ingredients of GXBD are steroids,flavonoids,terpenoids,alkaloids,amino acids,and organic acids.Trigonelline,macrostemonoside and cucurbitacin B can provide reference for its quality control.GXBD may exert therapeutic effects on coronary heart disease through AMPK,PI3K-AKT,oxLDL,VEGF,and NF-κB signal pathways.This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of the chemical composition and in vivo metabolism of three traditional Chinese medicines(TF,AMB,and PR),along with an evaluation of the chemical composition,quality control,pharmacological effects,and clinical application of GXBD.Based on these,areas requiring further research on GXBD have been proposed to provide a reference for its further development and new drug research.展开更多
This study aims to analyze and discuss the current situation of quality control and quality management in medical imaging.Firstly,it defines the concepts of quality management and image quality,emphasizing the crucial...This study aims to analyze and discuss the current situation of quality control and quality management in medical imaging.Firstly,it defines the concepts of quality management and image quality,emphasizing the crucial role of the department's Quality and Safety Team in imaging quality management[1].Subsequently,it details the composition and responsibilities of the Quality and Safety Management Group,as well as the specific divisions of labor and tasks of the Quality Management Team.The effective implementation of comprehensive quality control in the imaging department is ensured through the"Seven-Star Sword"method,which encompasses total process control,organization-wide participation,and total quality control[2].Furthermore,the application of the PDCA(Plan-Do-Check-Act)cycle in quality management is explored,along with strategies to improve patient satisfaction by reducing the waiting time for imaging reports[3].Finally,the management of a key departmental medical quality control indicator—critical values—is analyzed,and improvement measures are proposed[4].This study underscores the importance of quality management in enhancing medical service quality and ensuring patient safety,and puts forward specific implementation strategies and improvement methods.展开更多
Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain...Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of Quality Control Circle(QCC)activities in reducing the loss rate during storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)decoction pieces in our hospital pharmacy department.Met...Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of Quality Control Circle(QCC)activities in reducing the loss rate during storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)decoction pieces in our hospital pharmacy department.Methods:A QCC team was established to systematically analyze the causes of TCM decoction piece losses.Using quality improvement tools including Pareto charts,the 80/20 rule,and fishbone diagrams,we identified key areas for improvement and developed targeted intervention strategies.The study period spanned from January to December 2023,with pre-intervention data collected from January to December 2022.Loss rates were calculated and compared before and after QCC implementation.Results:According to the“80/20 rule”analysis,the primary improvement targets were identified as inadequate maintenance of decoction pieces and dispensing losses.Following QCC implementation,the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces decreased significantly from 1.27%(pre-intervention)to 0.65%(post-intervention),achieving an improvement rate of 47.40%.The total monetary loss decreased from 9,592.62 RMB to 4,546.97 RMB.Conclusion:QCC activities can effectively reduce the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces in hospital pharmacy departments,improve the quality of herbal medicines,ensure patient medication safety,and enhance pharmaceutical service quality.This systematic approach provides a valuable framework for continuous quality improvement in TCM pharmacy management.展开更多
As the cornerstone of sterile instrument maintenance in endoscopy centers,the quality of endoscope cleaning directly impacts hospital infection control effectiveness.The traceability system for endoscopy centers utili...As the cornerstone of sterile instrument maintenance in endoscopy centers,the quality of endoscope cleaning directly impacts hospital infection control effectiveness.The traceability system for endoscopy centers utilizes digital means to document the entire cleaning process,enabling real-time monitoring and precise quality control.This paper analyzes current quality control practices in endoscope cleaning and addresses existing challenges.It explores how traceability systems standardize procedures,enhance monitoring,and improve management efficiency.The study proposes optimization strategies for traceability system implementation,clarifying its core value in endoscope cleaning quality control.These findings provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for hospitals to refine management of endoscopy centers,ensure diagnostic safety,and reduce infection risks,ultimately advancing endoscope cleaning quality control toward standardized and informatized development.展开更多
This study explores whether the current external quality assessment(EQA)level and acceptable bias for basic semen analysis in China are clinically useful.We collected data of semen EQA from Andrology laboratories in t...This study explores whether the current external quality assessment(EQA)level and acceptable bias for basic semen analysis in China are clinically useful.We collected data of semen EQA from Andrology laboratories in the Hunan Province(China)in 2022 and searched for data in the published literature from January2000 to December 2023 in China.On the basis of these data,we analyzed the coefficients of variation and acceptable biases of different quality control materials for basic semen analysis through robust statistics.We compared these findings with quality specifications based on biological variation from optimal,desirable,and minimum levels of bias to seek a unified and more suitable semen EQAbias evaluation standard for China's national conditions.Different sources of semen quality control material exhibited considerable variation in acceptable biases among laboratories,ranging from 8.2%to 56.9%.A total of 50.0% of the laboratories met the minimum quality specifications for progressive motility(PR),whereas 100.0%and 75.0%of laboratories met only the minimum quality specifications for sperm concentration and total motility(nonprogressive[NP]+PR),respectively.The Z value for sperm concentration and PR+NP was equivalent to the desirable performance specification,whereas the Z value for PR was equivalent only to the minimum performance specification.This study highlights the feasibility of operating external quality assessment schemes for basic semen analysis using quality specifications based on biological variation.These specifications should be unified among external quality control(EQC)centers based on biological variation.展开更多
In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for peo...In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for people’s production and life,require high attention from industry insiders in terms of their energy efficiency testing.Relying on energy efficiency testing can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction,and related quality control technologies will also inject new momentum into the green development of the industry.This article will discuss the practical strategies of quality control technology for energy efficiency testing of electronic and electrical products based on the significance of such testing,hoping to provide some help.展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM)promotes the production of metallic parts with significant design flexibility,yet its use in critical applications is hindered by challenges in ensuring consistent quality and performance.Pro...Additive manufacturing(AM)promotes the production of metallic parts with significant design flexibility,yet its use in critical applications is hindered by challenges in ensuring consistent quality and performance.Process variability often leads to defects,insufficient geometric accuracy and inadequate material properties,which are difficult to effectively manage due to limitations of traditional quality control methods in modeling highdimensional nonlinear relationships and enabling adaptive control.Machine learning(ML)offers a transformative approach to model intricate process-structure-property relationships by leveraging the rich data environment of AM.The study presents a comprehensive examination of ML-driven quality assurance implementations in metallic AM.First,it uniquely examines the innovative exploration of ML in predicting and understanding the fundamental multi-physics fields that influence the quality of a fabricated component,including temperature fields,fluid dynamics and stress/strain evolution.Subsequently,the application of ML in optimizing key quality attributes,including defect detection and mitigation(porosity,cracks,etc.),geometric fidelity enhancement(dimensional accuracy,surface roughness,etc.)and material property tailoring(mechanical strength,fatigue life,corrosion resistance,etc.),are discussed in detail.Finally,the development of ML-driven real-time closed-loop control systems for intelligent quality assurance,the strategies for addressing the data scarcity and cross-scenario transferability in metal AM are discussed.This article provides a novel perspective on the profound potential of ML technology for metal AM quality control applications,highlights the challenges faced during research,and outlines future development directions.展开更多
[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data...[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data file support for meteorological forecasting and services.[Method]In this paper,an efficient and accurate method for data file quality control and fusion processing is developed.By locating the missing measurement time,data are extracted from the"AWZ.db"database and the minute routine meteorological element data file,and merged into the hourly routine meteorological element data file.[Result]Data processing efficiency and accuracy are significantly improved,and the problem of incomplete hourly routine meteorological element data files is solved.At the same time,it emphasizes the importance of ensuring the accuracy of the files used and carefully checking and verifying the fusion results,and proposes strategies to improve data quality.[Conclusion]This method provides convenience for observation personnel and effectively improves the integrity and accuracy of data files.In the future,it is expected to provide more reliable data support for meteorological forecasting and services.展开更多
The Argo program measures temperature and salinity in the upper ocean(0–2000 m).These observations are critical for weather/climate studies,ocean circulation analysis,and sea-level monitoring.To address the limitatio...The Argo program measures temperature and salinity in the upper ocean(0–2000 m).These observations are critical for weather/climate studies,ocean circulation analysis,and sea-level monitoring.To address the limitations of traditional thresholds in Argo data quality control(QC),this study proposes a novel probability distribution-based inference method(PDIM)for temperature-salinity threshold inference.By integrating historical observations with climatological data,the method utilizes historical data corresponding to latitude and longitude grids,calculates temperature/salinity frequency distributions for each depth,and determines“zero probability”boundaries through combined frequency distribution and climatology data.Then a probability distribution model is established to detect outliers automatically based on the features in the probability density function,which eliminates the traditional dependence on the normal distribution hypothesis.When applied to global Argo datasets from China Argo Real-time Data Center(CARDC),PDIM successfully identifies suspicious profiles and sensor drifts with high reliability,achieving a low false positive rate(0.55%for temperature,0.18%for salinity)while maintaining competitive true positive rate(28.29%for temperature,55.15%for salinity).This method is expected to improve the reliability of Argo data QC and has important significance for Argo QC.展开更多
Objective:In the Radiology Department of Mzuzu Central Hospital(MCH),daily training for radiographers now includes content on Computed Tomography(CT)image quality control and equipment maintenance to ensure the normal...Objective:In the Radiology Department of Mzuzu Central Hospital(MCH),daily training for radiographers now includes content on Computed Tomography(CT)image quality control and equipment maintenance to ensure the normal,continuous,and stable operation of the 16-slice spiral CT scanner.Methods:Through comprehensive analysis of relevant equipment,we have identified key parameters that significantly impact CT image quality.Innovative optimization strategies and solutions targeting these parameters have been developed and integrated into daily training programs.Furthermore,starting from an examination of prevalent failure modes observed in CT equipment,we delve into essential maintenance and preservation techniques that CT technologists must master to ensure optimal system performance.Results:(1)Crucial factors affecting CT image quality include artifacts,noise,partial volume effects,and surrounding gap phenomena,alongside spatial and density resolutions,CT dose,reconstruction algorithms,and human factors during the scanning process.In the daily training for radiographers,emphasis is placed on strictly implementing image quality control measures at every stage of the CT scanning process and skillfully applying advanced scanning and image processing techniques.By doing so,we can provide clinicians with accurate and reliable imaging references for diagnosis and treatment.(2)Strategies for CT equipment maintenance:①Environmental inspection of the CT room to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.②Rational and accurate operation,including calibration software proficiency.③Regular maintenance and servicing for minimizing machine downtime.④Maintenance of the CT X-ray tube.CT technicians can become proficient in equipment maintenance and upkeep techniques through training,which can significantly extend the service life of CT systems and reduce the occurrence of malfunctions.Conclusion:Through the regular implementation of rigorous CT image quality control training for radiology technicians,coupled with diligent and proactive CT equipment maintenance,we have observed profound and beneficial impacts on improving image quality.The accuracy and fidelity of radiological data ultimately leads to more accurate diagnoses and effective treatments.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project (2021YFA1201404)National Natural Science Foundation of China Major Project (81991514)+6 种基金General Project (82272530, 82372459)Jiangsu Province Medical Innovation Center of Orthopedic Surgery (CXZX202214)Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Center FoundationJiangsu Provincial Medical Outstanding Talent FoundationJiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent FoundationJiangsu Provincial Key Medical Talent Foundationthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (14380493, 14380494)
文摘Osteoporosis represents a prevalent and debilitating comorbidity in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is characterized by suppressed osteoblast function and disrupted bone microarchitecture.In this study,we utilized male C57BL/6 J mice to investigate the role of SIRT3 in T2DM.Decreased SIRT3 expression and impaired mitochondrial quality control mechanism are observed in both in vitro and in vivo models of T2DM.Mechanistically,SIRT3 suppression results in hyperacetylation of FOXO3,hindering the activation of the PINK1/PRKN mediated mitophagy pathway and resulting in accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria.Genetical overexpression or pharmacological activation of SIRT3 restores deacetylation status of FOXO3,thus facilitating mitophagy and ameliorating osteogenic impairment in T2DM.Collectively,our findings highlight the fundamental regulatory function of SIRT3 in mitochondrial quality control,crucial for maintaining bone homeostasis in T2DM.These insights not only enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic osteoporosis but also identify SIRT3 as a promising therapeutic target for diabetic osteoporosis.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR (Nos.0075/2022/A and028/2022/ITP)the Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field (No.2220004000117)the University of Macao (Nos.MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMS-UMDF/CPG2024-00011-ICMS)。
文摘The therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely acknowledged due to its extensive history of clinical effectiveness.However,the precise active components underlying each prescription remain incompletely understood.Polysaccharides,as a major constituent of water decoctions—the most common preparation method for Chinese medicinals—may provide a crucial avenue for deepening our understanding of the efficacy principles of Chinese medicine and establishing a framework for its modern development.The structural complexity and diversity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides present significant challenges in their separation and analysis compared to small molecules.This paper aims to explore the potential of Chinese herbal polysaccharides efficiently by briefly summarizing recent advancements in polysaccharide chemical research,focusing on methods of acquisition,structure elucidation,and quality control.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82222068,82070423,82270348,and 82173779)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Pro-gram of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No:ZYYCXTD-D-202206)+1 种基金Fujian Province Science and Technology Project,China(Grant Nos.:2021J01420479,2021J02058,2022J011374,and 2022J02057)Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities,China(Grant No.:20720230070).
文摘Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).
基金fully appreciate financial support from NingXia Natural Science Foundation for Outstanding Young Scholar(No.2024AAC04002)CAS“Light of West China”Program,National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program,No.12232013)Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia(Key Program,No.2022AAC2003)。
文摘Wire-arc directed energy deposition(wire-arc DED)enables the fabrication of large-scale metal components with rapid manufacturing ability and diverse material selection,making it a compelling technology in industries and defenses.However,challenges in both macroscale and microscale defects still limit printed component widespread applications.Recent advances in automatic and intelligent technologies have brought a range of quality controllable strategies to the forefront.This review covers these new strategies for the printing component,including path planning,process monitoring,auxiliary processes,and post processing,while discussing the expectation for structure and quality improvement.In addition,the work brings new areas of intelligent wire-arc DED development,including advances in digital twin,visualization,and human-processing interaction to promote its performance.It is anticipated that a focus on intelligent system will be key to smart and high-quality manufacturing for future wire-arc DED.
基金Supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2025A1515011627)San Ming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM202311012).
文摘Glaucoma is an eye disease characterized by pathologically elevated intraocular pressure,optic nerve atrophy,and visual field defects,which can lead to irreversible vision loss.In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has provided new approaches for the early diagnosis and management of glaucoma.By classifying and annotating glaucoma-related images,AI models can learn and recognize the specific pathological features of glaucoma,thereby achieving automated imaging analysis and classification.Research on glaucoma imaging classification and annotation mainly involves color fundus photography(CFP),optical coherence tomography(OCT),anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT),and ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images.CFP is primarily used for the annotation of the optic cup and disc,while OCT is used for measuring and annotating the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer,and AS-OCT and UBM focus on the annotation of the anterior chamber angle structure and the measurement of anterior segment structural parameters.To standardize the classification and annotation of glaucoma images,enhance the quality and consistency of annotated data,and promote the clinical application of intelligent ophthalmology,this guideline has been developed.This guideline systematically elaborates on the principles,methods,processes,and quality control requirements for the classification and annotation of glaucoma images,providing standardized guidance for the classification and annotation of glaucoma images.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8210082163,81800343)the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(2042021kf0081)+1 种基金the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2020CFA027)the Doctor of Excellence Program of the First Hospital of Jilin University(JDYY-DEP-2023043).
文摘Mitochondria,the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells,play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism.However,their significance extends beyond this,as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation,differentiation,immune responses,and redox balance.In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli,a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control(MQC)mechanism has evolved,encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis,mitochondrial dynamics,and mitophagy,which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms.In this review,we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC.Furthermore,the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail.We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC,aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
基金supported by Royal Academy of Engineering(IF2223B-125)Royal Society(IECR3213107)。
文摘Laser directed energy deposition(LDED)is an emerging branch of metal-based additive manufacturing(AM)processes,offering unprecedented capabilities for high-performance fabrication with complex geometries and near-net shapes.This technology is gathering increasing attention from industries such as biomedical,automotive,and aerospace.However,achieving consistent part quality and desired material properties is challenging due to intricate processing parameters and potential process defects such as dynamic melt-pool behavior and localized heat accumulation.This paper reviews recent advances in on-line quality control,focusing on in-situ measurement and closed-loop control for efficient assurance of LDED-fabricated parts.The quality principles,encompassing accuracy and material performance,are summarized to lay a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of quality defects and influencing factors.This review explores and thoroughly compares advancements in indirect process measurements,such as optical,thermal,and acoustic monitoring with direct quality measurements,including laser-line scanning and operando synchrotron X-ray imaging.Depending on the sensing techniques,this paper highlights a hierarchical control strategy for adaptive parameter regulation on intra-layer and inter-layer scales.The requirements and performance of various state-of-the-art controllers are critically compared to indicate their suitable applications.The importance of machine learning in detecting process anomalies and predicting build quality based on sensory signals is also outlined.Future directions are proposed towards adaptive,automated,and intelligent quality control,with a focus on multi-modal monitoring,physics-informed neural networks for interpretable analysis,and multi-objective control applications.
基金funded by Chinese NSFC(Grant Nos.:82373336,82303238,and U22A20311,Sichuan Science and Technology Department,China(GrantNos.:2024NSFSC1945,,and 2023NSFSC0667)the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Clinical Research Program,China(Grant Nos.:CSY-YN-01-2023-013,CSYYN-01-2023-005,and CSY-YN-03-2024-003)+1 种基金Sichuan University“From O to 1”Innovative Research Project,China(Project No.:2023SCUH0024)Health Commission of Chengdu,China(Grant No.:2024291).
文摘Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a disease that affects the vision of elderly individuals worldwide.Although current therapeutics have shown effectiveness against AMD,some patients may remain unresponsive and continue to experience disease progression.Therefore,in-depth knowledge of the mechanism underlying AMD pathogenesis is urgently required to identify potential drug targets for AMD treatment.Recently,studies have suggested that dysfunction of mitochondria can lead to the aggregation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes(STING)innate immunity pathways,ultimately resulting in sterile inflammation and cell death in various cells,such as cardiomyocytes and macrophages.Therefore,combining strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory mediators may hold great potential in facilitating AMD management.Notably,emerging evidence indicates that natural products targeting mitochondrial quality control(MQC)and the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathways exhibit promise in treating AMD.Here,we summarize phytochemicals that could directly or indirectly influence the MQC and the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathways,as well as their interconnected mediators,which have the potential to mitigate oxidative stress and suppress excessive inflammatory responses,thereby hoping to offer new insights into therapeutic interventions for AMD treatment.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 32027802 and 22178307)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant 2021YFA1101700)the Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(Grant 2024C03100).
文摘Radionuclide imaging is divided into positron emission tomography and single photon emission tomography and is widely used in clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment,as well as in clinical research for the development and evaluation of new therapies.Although it is a visually intuitive form of three-dimensional functional imaging,this modality requires the injection of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with positron-or gamma-emitting isotopes into patients to assess and quantify anabolism,gene expression,and other processes.For this reason,radiopharmaceuticals must undergo rigorous quality control(QC)to ensure product purity,efficacy,and safety.Traditional QC of pharmaceuticals is manual,requiring specially trained personnel,a range of expensive analytical and chemical equipment and laboratory space,the consumption of many samples,and usually a long time.Compared with ordinary pharmaceuticals,radiopharmaceuticals have the following unique characteristics:radioactivity,short lifetime,low synthesis yield,and high cost.Therefore,analytical methods and instrumentation must be exclusively developed for the QC of radiopharmaceuticals to avoid large losses owing to radioactive decay or handling.Microfluidics integrates microchannels or microchambers into several square centimeters of a microscale chip through micro-nanofabrication,allowing a precise manipulation of the fluid in microtubules,where various traditional physical,chemical,or biological experiments occur.Microfluidics is gaining attention in the field of analytical testing owing to significantly reduced consumption of samples and reagents,reduced analysis time,increased detection sensitivity,increased multiplexing,and reduced instrument size.Features such as micro size,micro volume,high sensitivity,and on-line testing have led to increasing interest in microfluidics.This review covers the development of integrated microfluidic QC devices that can automatically process,test,analyze,and calculate completed test metrics online.
基金National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (grant number: 81973696).
文摘Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia Decoction(GXBD)is a traditional Chinese herbal formula including four traditional Chinese medicines:Gualou(Trichosanthis Fructus,TF),Xiebai(Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus,AMB),Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma,PR)and yellow wine.It is a classical therapy for chest stuffiness and pain syndrome and is widely used in the clinical treatment of coronary heart disease.It also shows significant therapeutic effects on pulmonary heart disease,hyperlipidemia,and arrhythmia.This study conducted a literature review and collected information on GXBD from databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and ScienceDirect.The result indicated that the main active ingredients of GXBD are steroids,flavonoids,terpenoids,alkaloids,amino acids,and organic acids.Trigonelline,macrostemonoside and cucurbitacin B can provide reference for its quality control.GXBD may exert therapeutic effects on coronary heart disease through AMPK,PI3K-AKT,oxLDL,VEGF,and NF-κB signal pathways.This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of the chemical composition and in vivo metabolism of three traditional Chinese medicines(TF,AMB,and PR),along with an evaluation of the chemical composition,quality control,pharmacological effects,and clinical application of GXBD.Based on these,areas requiring further research on GXBD have been proposed to provide a reference for its further development and new drug research.
文摘This study aims to analyze and discuss the current situation of quality control and quality management in medical imaging.Firstly,it defines the concepts of quality management and image quality,emphasizing the crucial role of the department's Quality and Safety Team in imaging quality management[1].Subsequently,it details the composition and responsibilities of the Quality and Safety Management Group,as well as the specific divisions of labor and tasks of the Quality Management Team.The effective implementation of comprehensive quality control in the imaging department is ensured through the"Seven-Star Sword"method,which encompasses total process control,organization-wide participation,and total quality control[2].Furthermore,the application of the PDCA(Plan-Do-Check-Act)cycle in quality management is explored,along with strategies to improve patient satisfaction by reducing the waiting time for imaging reports[3].Finally,the management of a key departmental medical quality control indicator—critical values—is analyzed,and improvement measures are proposed[4].This study underscores the importance of quality management in enhancing medical service quality and ensuring patient safety,and puts forward specific implementation strategies and improvement methods.
文摘Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of Quality Control Circle(QCC)activities in reducing the loss rate during storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)decoction pieces in our hospital pharmacy department.Methods:A QCC team was established to systematically analyze the causes of TCM decoction piece losses.Using quality improvement tools including Pareto charts,the 80/20 rule,and fishbone diagrams,we identified key areas for improvement and developed targeted intervention strategies.The study period spanned from January to December 2023,with pre-intervention data collected from January to December 2022.Loss rates were calculated and compared before and after QCC implementation.Results:According to the“80/20 rule”analysis,the primary improvement targets were identified as inadequate maintenance of decoction pieces and dispensing losses.Following QCC implementation,the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces decreased significantly from 1.27%(pre-intervention)to 0.65%(post-intervention),achieving an improvement rate of 47.40%.The total monetary loss decreased from 9,592.62 RMB to 4,546.97 RMB.Conclusion:QCC activities can effectively reduce the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces in hospital pharmacy departments,improve the quality of herbal medicines,ensure patient medication safety,and enhance pharmaceutical service quality.This systematic approach provides a valuable framework for continuous quality improvement in TCM pharmacy management.
文摘As the cornerstone of sterile instrument maintenance in endoscopy centers,the quality of endoscope cleaning directly impacts hospital infection control effectiveness.The traceability system for endoscopy centers utilizes digital means to document the entire cleaning process,enabling real-time monitoring and precise quality control.This paper analyzes current quality control practices in endoscope cleaning and addresses existing challenges.It explores how traceability systems standardize procedures,enhance monitoring,and improve management efficiency.The study proposes optimization strategies for traceability system implementation,clarifying its core value in endoscope cleaning quality control.These findings provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for hospitals to refine management of endoscopy centers,ensure diagnostic safety,and reduce infection risks,ultimately advancing endoscope cleaning quality control toward standardized and informatized development.
基金supported by the Hunan Province Municipal Natural Science Foundation(2022JJ30018)the Hunan Province Health Commission Science Foundation(B202301037899)to WNL。
文摘This study explores whether the current external quality assessment(EQA)level and acceptable bias for basic semen analysis in China are clinically useful.We collected data of semen EQA from Andrology laboratories in the Hunan Province(China)in 2022 and searched for data in the published literature from January2000 to December 2023 in China.On the basis of these data,we analyzed the coefficients of variation and acceptable biases of different quality control materials for basic semen analysis through robust statistics.We compared these findings with quality specifications based on biological variation from optimal,desirable,and minimum levels of bias to seek a unified and more suitable semen EQAbias evaluation standard for China's national conditions.Different sources of semen quality control material exhibited considerable variation in acceptable biases among laboratories,ranging from 8.2%to 56.9%.A total of 50.0% of the laboratories met the minimum quality specifications for progressive motility(PR),whereas 100.0%and 75.0%of laboratories met only the minimum quality specifications for sperm concentration and total motility(nonprogressive[NP]+PR),respectively.The Z value for sperm concentration and PR+NP was equivalent to the desirable performance specification,whereas the Z value for PR was equivalent only to the minimum performance specification.This study highlights the feasibility of operating external quality assessment schemes for basic semen analysis using quality specifications based on biological variation.These specifications should be unified among external quality control(EQC)centers based on biological variation.
文摘In the current social environment,the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction is increasing day by day for both the country and its people.Electronic and electrical products,as important items for people’s production and life,require high attention from industry insiders in terms of their energy efficiency testing.Relying on energy efficiency testing can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction,and related quality control technologies will also inject new momentum into the green development of the industry.This article will discuss the practical strategies of quality control technology for energy efficiency testing of electronic and electrical products based on the significance of such testing,hoping to provide some help.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFB4609700)Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92266102)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271135,No.52433016)Open project of Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials,China(No.GFST2024KF05)Innovative Research Group Project of Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2025AFA014)ECU DVC Strategic Research Support Fund,Australia(No.23965)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2025AFD399).
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)promotes the production of metallic parts with significant design flexibility,yet its use in critical applications is hindered by challenges in ensuring consistent quality and performance.Process variability often leads to defects,insufficient geometric accuracy and inadequate material properties,which are difficult to effectively manage due to limitations of traditional quality control methods in modeling highdimensional nonlinear relationships and enabling adaptive control.Machine learning(ML)offers a transformative approach to model intricate process-structure-property relationships by leveraging the rich data environment of AM.The study presents a comprehensive examination of ML-driven quality assurance implementations in metallic AM.First,it uniquely examines the innovative exploration of ML in predicting and understanding the fundamental multi-physics fields that influence the quality of a fabricated component,including temperature fields,fluid dynamics and stress/strain evolution.Subsequently,the application of ML in optimizing key quality attributes,including defect detection and mitigation(porosity,cracks,etc.),geometric fidelity enhancement(dimensional accuracy,surface roughness,etc.)and material property tailoring(mechanical strength,fatigue life,corrosion resistance,etc.),are discussed in detail.Finally,the development of ML-driven real-time closed-loop control systems for intelligent quality assurance,the strategies for addressing the data scarcity and cross-scenario transferability in metal AM are discussed.This article provides a novel perspective on the profound potential of ML technology for metal AM quality control applications,highlights the challenges faced during research,and outlines future development directions.
基金the Fifth Batch of Innovation Teams of Wuzhou Meteorological Bureau"Wuzhou Innovation Team for Enhancing the Comprehensive Meteorological Observation Ability through Digitization and Intelligence"Wuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(202402122,202402119).
文摘[Objective]In response to the issue of insufficient integrity in hourly routine meteorological element data files,this paper aims to improve the availability and reliability of data files,and provide high-quality data file support for meteorological forecasting and services.[Method]In this paper,an efficient and accurate method for data file quality control and fusion processing is developed.By locating the missing measurement time,data are extracted from the"AWZ.db"database and the minute routine meteorological element data file,and merged into the hourly routine meteorological element data file.[Result]Data processing efficiency and accuracy are significantly improved,and the problem of incomplete hourly routine meteorological element data files is solved.At the same time,it emphasizes the importance of ensuring the accuracy of the files used and carefully checking and verifying the fusion results,and proposes strategies to improve data quality.[Conclusion]This method provides convenience for observation personnel and effectively improves the integrity and accuracy of data files.In the future,it is expected to provide more reliable data support for meteorological forecasting and services.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2021YFC3101503the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.2023JJ10053+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42276205 and 42406195the Youth Independent Innovation Science Foundation under contract No.ZK24-54.
文摘The Argo program measures temperature and salinity in the upper ocean(0–2000 m).These observations are critical for weather/climate studies,ocean circulation analysis,and sea-level monitoring.To address the limitations of traditional thresholds in Argo data quality control(QC),this study proposes a novel probability distribution-based inference method(PDIM)for temperature-salinity threshold inference.By integrating historical observations with climatological data,the method utilizes historical data corresponding to latitude and longitude grids,calculates temperature/salinity frequency distributions for each depth,and determines“zero probability”boundaries through combined frequency distribution and climatology data.Then a probability distribution model is established to detect outliers automatically based on the features in the probability density function,which eliminates the traditional dependence on the normal distribution hypothesis.When applied to global Argo datasets from China Argo Real-time Data Center(CARDC),PDIM successfully identifies suspicious profiles and sensor drifts with high reliability,achieving a low false positive rate(0.55%for temperature,0.18%for salinity)while maintaining competitive true positive rate(28.29%for temperature,55.15%for salinity).This method is expected to improve the reliability of Argo data QC and has important significance for Argo QC.
基金supported by the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Teaching Reform Project(Grant No.JG2023-0206 and JG2022-0324).
文摘Objective:In the Radiology Department of Mzuzu Central Hospital(MCH),daily training for radiographers now includes content on Computed Tomography(CT)image quality control and equipment maintenance to ensure the normal,continuous,and stable operation of the 16-slice spiral CT scanner.Methods:Through comprehensive analysis of relevant equipment,we have identified key parameters that significantly impact CT image quality.Innovative optimization strategies and solutions targeting these parameters have been developed and integrated into daily training programs.Furthermore,starting from an examination of prevalent failure modes observed in CT equipment,we delve into essential maintenance and preservation techniques that CT technologists must master to ensure optimal system performance.Results:(1)Crucial factors affecting CT image quality include artifacts,noise,partial volume effects,and surrounding gap phenomena,alongside spatial and density resolutions,CT dose,reconstruction algorithms,and human factors during the scanning process.In the daily training for radiographers,emphasis is placed on strictly implementing image quality control measures at every stage of the CT scanning process and skillfully applying advanced scanning and image processing techniques.By doing so,we can provide clinicians with accurate and reliable imaging references for diagnosis and treatment.(2)Strategies for CT equipment maintenance:①Environmental inspection of the CT room to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.②Rational and accurate operation,including calibration software proficiency.③Regular maintenance and servicing for minimizing machine downtime.④Maintenance of the CT X-ray tube.CT technicians can become proficient in equipment maintenance and upkeep techniques through training,which can significantly extend the service life of CT systems and reduce the occurrence of malfunctions.Conclusion:Through the regular implementation of rigorous CT image quality control training for radiology technicians,coupled with diligent and proactive CT equipment maintenance,we have observed profound and beneficial impacts on improving image quality.The accuracy and fidelity of radiological data ultimately leads to more accurate diagnoses and effective treatments.
