In early February,2023,southeastern Türkiye and northern Syria were hit by a series of deadly earthquakes(two of them above magnitude 7.5)that are proving to be one of the most significant earthquake disasters of...In early February,2023,southeastern Türkiye and northern Syria were hit by a series of deadly earthquakes(two of them above magnitude 7.5)that are proving to be one of the most significant earthquake disasters of this century.These“twin quakes”caused a large number of casualties and property losses.As of press time,the death toll in Türkiye and Syria has surpassed 51000 and the number of injured has surpassed 120000,with the number affected>13.5 million.The toll is constantly rising and the hope of finding more survivors has rapidly faded.The USGS PAGER(United States Geological Survey,Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquake for Response)service estimates economic losses of 10–100 billion US dollars.展开更多
The aim of this investigation is to find possible changes in ultra-deep earthquakes (UDQ) during different seasons of the year. In the acquisition of data for our previous work we observed an inexplicable pattern of g...The aim of this investigation is to find possible changes in ultra-deep earthquakes (UDQ) during different seasons of the year. In the acquisition of data for our previous work we observed an inexplicable pattern of growth of ultra-deep tremors (UDQ) during the studied period. Apparently, there is no viable explanation for growth occurring at such a level, presumably in the asthenosphere. Current research and theories developed for the inner layers of the Earth do not explain such variations. Therefore, a possible explanation would be in external factors such as the seasons of the year, which are determined by changes in the Earth’s axial tilt, and therefore the portion of the earth that is angled toward the sun. This paper focuses exclusively on UDQ events. To simplify the calculations, we consider four main locations;this includes one more region than our previous paper but includes only UDQ data. The results showed that during spring and autumn UDQ events grew slightly in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is also suggested that a contributor to UDQ events is friction from the subducting lithosphere against the continental plates.展开更多
Susmita DHAKAL1,2,3 http://orcid.org/oooo-o002-3o25-55o1;e-mail:susmita.dhakal@gmail.com CUI Peng1,2,4*http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0002-3973-5966;-e-mail:pengcui@imde.ac.cn S U L i-ju n 1,2,4,5 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0001-99...Susmita DHAKAL1,2,3 http://orcid.org/oooo-o002-3o25-55o1;e-mail:susmita.dhakal@gmail.com CUI Peng1,2,4*http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0002-3973-5966;-e-mail:pengcui@imde.ac.cn S U L i-ju n 1,2,4,5 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0001-9972-4698;e-mail:sulijun1976@163.com Olga MAVROULI6 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-1909-6113;e-mail:o.c.mavrouli@utwente.nl ZOU Qiang1 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-0029-8532;e-mail:zouqiang@imde.ac.cn ZHANG Jian-qiang1 https://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-3908-1082;e-mail:zhangjq@imde.ac.cn Lalu PAUDEL7^https://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-4615-055X;e-mail:lalupaudel67@yahoo.com Nirusha SHRESTHA^11 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0001-6959-3076;e-mail:shresthanirusha2@gmail.com.展开更多
Chinese seismologists have been coping with the challenging scientific problem of earthquake prediction,but now they are confronted with an even more challenging problem:figuring out a procedure of releasing a predict...Chinese seismologists have been coping with the challenging scientific problem of earthquake prediction,but now they are confronted with an even more challenging problem:figuring out a procedure of releasing a prediction to the public.In order to make the correct decision,in addition to the widely launched studies of seismic hazard and risk analysis,it is necessary to further study the social consequences of releasing an earthquake prediction to the public,and the possible economic cost of prevention countermeasures against earthquakes.It is also necessary to replace deterministic predictions by probabilistic predictions.Probabilistic prediction is a method well-suited for the prediction of chaotic seismic events.It can integrate the long-term risk estimate and short-term forecasting into a unified procedure,make quantitative analysis in decision-making on the release of predictions to the public,and achieve maximum beneficial social results of earthquake prediction.展开更多
INTRODUCTION It is common knowledge that the development and occurrence of an earthquake is a very complicated geophysical process. An earthquake is caused by the local failure of the earth crust medium, and earthquak...INTRODUCTION It is common knowledge that the development and occurrence of an earthquake is a very complicated geophysical process. An earthquake is caused by the local failure of the earth crust medium, and earthquakes are distributed inhomogeneously in space. Seismic activities, however, are a real reflection of the interaction of the faults, which provides us some information concerning the earth crust medium and may help us predict the earthquake. Therefore, the study of the seismicity pattern can become a means of earthquake prediction. In order to reflect directly the spacial distribution of seismic activities, the sketch of epicentral distribution has been widety used in the展开更多
This paper studies the evolution charateristics of positive and negative quakes before Hyugo earthquake of M =7.2 and several strong quakes in Kanto area in Japan.The results show that the earthquakes over a certai...This paper studies the evolution charateristics of positive and negative quakes before Hyugo earthquake of M =7.2 and several strong quakes in Kanto area in Japan.The results show that the earthquakes over a certain megnitude are mainly positive ones a certain time before the main shock in or near the focal regions of most strong quakes,and form a concentratingintervals of positive quakes,The main quakes generally locate in or near the areas of positive quake distribution.Negative quakes often occur several months before the main shocks (not excluding positive ones), with the decrease of LURR (Loading/Unloading Response Ratio) values.It possibly shows that earthquake generating process has come to a short term stage.These characteristics may help to predict the time and location of the future earthquakes,and have been applied to the preliminary prediction of the time and the location of the earthquake of M =6.6 on Sep.11,1996 in Kanto area.展开更多
Debris flow runoff process is one of key parameters for the design of emergency measures and control engineering. The Shenxi gully in Dujiangyan region,located in the meizoseismal areas of Wenchuan earthquake,was sele...Debris flow runoff process is one of key parameters for the design of emergency measures and control engineering. The Shenxi gully in Dujiangyan region,located in the meizoseismal areas of Wenchuan earthquake,was selected as the study area. Based on the research of hazard inducing environment,a soil conservation service( SCS) hydrological model was used to simulate the process of water flow,and then the debris flow runoff process was calculated using the empirical formula combining the results from the SCS hydrological model. Taking the debris flow event occurred on July 9th,2013 as an example,the peak discharges of water flow and debris flow were calculated as 162. 12 and 689. 22 m3/s,with error of 6. 03% compared to the measured values. The debris flow confluence process lasted 1. 8h, which was similar with the actual result. The proposed methodology can be applied to predict the debris flow runoff process in quake-hit areas of the Wenchuan earthquake and is of great importance for debris flow mitigation.展开更多
The world was shocked by the devastating earthquake of May 12th in Sichuan province, but the world has also been moved by the courage, selflessness and humanity shown in the country’s massive rescue operations in the...The world was shocked by the devastating earthquake of May 12th in Sichuan province, but the world has also been moved by the courage, selflessness and humanity shown in the country’s massive rescue operations in the terrifying aftermaths of the quake. The impressive relief operations will leave a profound and far-reaching in uence on the nation’s reform and opening-up e orts.展开更多
An 8.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in Nepal April 25 caused severe injuries,causalities and significant property damage.The quake affected 300,000 people of 19 counties in Tibet Autonomous Region to varying degrees ...An 8.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in Nepal April 25 caused severe injuries,causalities and significant property damage.The quake affected 300,000 people of 19 counties in Tibet Autonomous Region to varying degrees and induced debris flows and landslides in many places.CASC subsidiaries China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application(CRESDA)and China Satellite Communications Co.,Ltd(China Satcom)activated respectively the emergency response mechanism quickly to provide information and communications support for the disaster rescue operation.展开更多
HUFQUAKE由HUF加QUAKE二字组成。HUF是纽约著名SKATER KEITH HUNFAGEL主理的旧金山著名潮铺、QUAKE就是EARTHQUAKE地震的意思，说白一点HUFQUAKE即HUF以1906年旧金山大地震为背景主题而推出HUFQUAKE PACK，去年已出过第一波，用的是AIR ...HUFQUAKE由HUF加QUAKE二字组成。HUF是纽约著名SKATER KEITH HUNFAGEL主理的旧金山著名潮铺、QUAKE就是EARTHQUAKE地震的意思，说白一点HUFQUAKE即HUF以1906年旧金山大地震为背景主题而推出HUFQUAKE PACK，去年已出过第一波，用的是AIR FORCE1和DUNK HI的鞋款，一年后，二代产品如约而至。展开更多
文摘In early February,2023,southeastern Türkiye and northern Syria were hit by a series of deadly earthquakes(two of them above magnitude 7.5)that are proving to be one of the most significant earthquake disasters of this century.These“twin quakes”caused a large number of casualties and property losses.As of press time,the death toll in Türkiye and Syria has surpassed 51000 and the number of injured has surpassed 120000,with the number affected>13.5 million.The toll is constantly rising and the hope of finding more survivors has rapidly faded.The USGS PAGER(United States Geological Survey,Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquake for Response)service estimates economic losses of 10–100 billion US dollars.
文摘The aim of this investigation is to find possible changes in ultra-deep earthquakes (UDQ) during different seasons of the year. In the acquisition of data for our previous work we observed an inexplicable pattern of growth of ultra-deep tremors (UDQ) during the studied period. Apparently, there is no viable explanation for growth occurring at such a level, presumably in the asthenosphere. Current research and theories developed for the inner layers of the Earth do not explain such variations. Therefore, a possible explanation would be in external factors such as the seasons of the year, which are determined by changes in the Earth’s axial tilt, and therefore the portion of the earth that is angled toward the sun. This paper focuses exclusively on UDQ events. To simplify the calculations, we consider four main locations;this includes one more region than our previous paper but includes only UDQ data. The results showed that during spring and autumn UDQ events grew slightly in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is also suggested that a contributor to UDQ events is friction from the subducting lithosphere against the continental plates.
文摘Susmita DHAKAL1,2,3 http://orcid.org/oooo-o002-3o25-55o1;e-mail:susmita.dhakal@gmail.com CUI Peng1,2,4*http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0002-3973-5966;-e-mail:pengcui@imde.ac.cn S U L i-ju n 1,2,4,5 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0001-9972-4698;e-mail:sulijun1976@163.com Olga MAVROULI6 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-1909-6113;e-mail:o.c.mavrouli@utwente.nl ZOU Qiang1 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-0029-8532;e-mail:zouqiang@imde.ac.cn ZHANG Jian-qiang1 https://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-3908-1082;e-mail:zhangjq@imde.ac.cn Lalu PAUDEL7^https://0rcid.0rg/0000-0003-4615-055X;e-mail:lalupaudel67@yahoo.com Nirusha SHRESTHA^11 http://0rcid.0rg/0000-0001-6959-3076;e-mail:shresthanirusha2@gmail.com.
文摘Chinese seismologists have been coping with the challenging scientific problem of earthquake prediction,but now they are confronted with an even more challenging problem:figuring out a procedure of releasing a prediction to the public.In order to make the correct decision,in addition to the widely launched studies of seismic hazard and risk analysis,it is necessary to further study the social consequences of releasing an earthquake prediction to the public,and the possible economic cost of prevention countermeasures against earthquakes.It is also necessary to replace deterministic predictions by probabilistic predictions.Probabilistic prediction is a method well-suited for the prediction of chaotic seismic events.It can integrate the long-term risk estimate and short-term forecasting into a unified procedure,make quantitative analysis in decision-making on the release of predictions to the public,and achieve maximum beneficial social results of earthquake prediction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation (49070185)the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation (90-053), China
文摘INTRODUCTION It is common knowledge that the development and occurrence of an earthquake is a very complicated geophysical process. An earthquake is caused by the local failure of the earth crust medium, and earthquakes are distributed inhomogeneously in space. Seismic activities, however, are a real reflection of the interaction of the faults, which provides us some information concerning the earth crust medium and may help us predict the earthquake. Therefore, the study of the seismicity pattern can become a means of earthquake prediction. In order to reflect directly the spacial distribution of seismic activities, the sketch of epicentral distribution has been widety used in the
文摘This paper studies the evolution charateristics of positive and negative quakes before Hyugo earthquake of M =7.2 and several strong quakes in Kanto area in Japan.The results show that the earthquakes over a certain megnitude are mainly positive ones a certain time before the main shock in or near the focal regions of most strong quakes,and form a concentratingintervals of positive quakes,The main quakes generally locate in or near the areas of positive quake distribution.Negative quakes often occur several months before the main shocks (not excluding positive ones), with the decrease of LURR (Loading/Unloading Response Ratio) values.It possibly shows that earthquake generating process has come to a short term stage.These characteristics may help to predict the time and location of the future earthquakes,and have been applied to the preliminary prediction of the time and the location of the earthquake of M =6.6 on Sep.11,1996 in Kanto area.
基金Water Resources Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province,China(No.2016-15)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41372331)Science and Technology Planning Projects of Guangdong Province,China(Nos.2014A020219006,2014A020219006)
文摘Debris flow runoff process is one of key parameters for the design of emergency measures and control engineering. The Shenxi gully in Dujiangyan region,located in the meizoseismal areas of Wenchuan earthquake,was selected as the study area. Based on the research of hazard inducing environment,a soil conservation service( SCS) hydrological model was used to simulate the process of water flow,and then the debris flow runoff process was calculated using the empirical formula combining the results from the SCS hydrological model. Taking the debris flow event occurred on July 9th,2013 as an example,the peak discharges of water flow and debris flow were calculated as 162. 12 and 689. 22 m3/s,with error of 6. 03% compared to the measured values. The debris flow confluence process lasted 1. 8h, which was similar with the actual result. The proposed methodology can be applied to predict the debris flow runoff process in quake-hit areas of the Wenchuan earthquake and is of great importance for debris flow mitigation.
文摘The world was shocked by the devastating earthquake of May 12th in Sichuan province, but the world has also been moved by the courage, selflessness and humanity shown in the country’s massive rescue operations in the terrifying aftermaths of the quake. The impressive relief operations will leave a profound and far-reaching in uence on the nation’s reform and opening-up e orts.
文摘An 8.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in Nepal April 25 caused severe injuries,causalities and significant property damage.The quake affected 300,000 people of 19 counties in Tibet Autonomous Region to varying degrees and induced debris flows and landslides in many places.CASC subsidiaries China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application(CRESDA)and China Satellite Communications Co.,Ltd(China Satcom)activated respectively the emergency response mechanism quickly to provide information and communications support for the disaster rescue operation.
