In recent years, the pressure of increasing coastal industries and tourism activities has, in some areas, led to the clearing of many coastal habitats along the Qatar＇s shorelines for the construction of tourist reso...In recent years, the pressure of increasing coastal industries and tourism activities has, in some areas, led to the clearing of many coastal habitats along the Qatar＇s shorelines for the construction of tourist resorts, tourism-related development and industrial facilities. Such threats are leading to the increasing demand for detailed mangrove maps for the purpose of measuring the extent of decline in mangrove ecosystems. Detailed mangrove maps at the community or species level are, however, not easy to produce, mainly because mangrove forests are very difficult to access. Without doubt, remote sensing is a serious alternative to traditional field-based methods for mangrove mapping, as it allows information to be gathered from the forbidding environment of mangrove forests, which otherwise, logistically and practically speaking, would be extremely difficult to survey. Remote sensing applications for mangrove mapping at the fundamental level are already well established but, surprisingly, a number of advanced remote sensing applications have remained unexplored for the purpose of mangrove mapping at a finer level. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to unveil the potential of some of the unexplored remote sensing techniques for mangrove studies. Temporal Landsat TM image of 1986, Landsat ETM image of 2000 and Resourcesat-1 LISS 3 image of 2008 are used to calculate percentage change in mangrove cover at AI Dhakira site using geometrically registered and radiometrically corrected historical Landsat and Resourcesat-1 images. Region masks are employed to isolate the unwanted area from the images. NDVI （normalized difference vegetation index） is used to detect mangroves using near-infrared and red bands which are computed from the satellite images. The ground-truthing visit to AI Dhakira site is conducted to confirm the results of the analysis. Change detection is applied and mangrove in the study area is found to have decreased by about 8.79% from 2000 to 2008.展开更多
Every year,the State of Qatar generates about 400,000 tons of steel slag and another 500,000 tons of gravel as a result of steel manufacturing and washing sand,respectively.The two materials(by-products)are not fully ...Every year,the State of Qatar generates about 400,000 tons of steel slag and another 500,000 tons of gravel as a result of steel manufacturing and washing sand,respectively.The two materials(by-products)are not fully utilized to their best market values.At the same time,infrastructural renewal will take place in Qatar over the next ten years,and there will be a greater demand for aggregates and other construction materials as the country suffers from the availability of good aggregates.This paper presents results obtained on the use of steel slag,gravel and gabbro(control)in HMAC(hot mix asphalt concrete)paving mixtures and road bases and sub-bases.Tests were conducted in accordance with QCS-2010(Qatar Construction Specifications)and results were compared with QCS requirements for aggregates used in these applications.Based on the data obtained in this work,steel slag and gravel aggregates have a promising potential to be used in HMAC paving mixtures on Qatar’s roads,whether in asphalt base and asphalt wearing courses or as unbound aggregates in the base and sub-base pavement structure.展开更多
This paper presents an outline of the current status, regulations, and qualifications required for the practice of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and acupuncture in Qatar. The paper also provides an overview of ...This paper presents an outline of the current status, regulations, and qualifications required for the practice of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and acupuncture in Qatar. The paper also provides an overview of the challenges and opportunities that face practitioners of Acupuncture as a complimentary medicine in Qatar and the recent licensing mechanisms introduced in January 2016. Qatar＇s 2030 vision and demand for continued development and sustainable growth includes the Chinese initiative ~One Belt, One Road＇ project which offers a golden opportunity for the further development of TCM in Qatar. The findings of this paper suggest that there are now real possibilities China and Qatar to cooperate in the exchange of medical services, training and education in the field of TCM.展开更多
Background: Qatar, one of the smallest and wealthiest countries in the world, is a newly emerging healthcare system. Medical leadership in Qatar has had to create an infrastructure for medical care over the past twent...Background: Qatar, one of the smallest and wealthiest countries in the world, is a newly emerging healthcare system. Medical leadership in Qatar has had to create an infrastructure for medical care over the past twenty years. The purpose of this paper is to review the challenges and achievements of the newly emerging Qatar healthcare system. Methods: PubMed was searched using MESH terms: Qatar, healthcare, medical development, medical insurance and medical history. Websites of the World Bank, CIA fact book, Qatar Ministry of Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the US State department were searched for information about Qatar’s healthcare system and its history. Results: Qatar is a rapidly growing, multicultural country with over 80 nationalities represented. Qatar has developed a healthcare system with universal coverage. Up until 2014, the government has subsidized all care. There are plans to develop a medical insurance system. Conclusions: Qatar has experienced the rapid development of a healthcare system over the past twenty years. The government has centrally controlled growth and development. An examination of the unique challenges to building a Qatari healthcare system will be useful in considering how to develop medical infrastructure in other countries.展开更多
The economic development of Qatar alongside the resultant lifestyle changes in the last few decades has contributed to increasing rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension with consequent increased incidenc...The economic development of Qatar alongside the resultant lifestyle changes in the last few decades has contributed to increasing rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension with consequent increased incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease and end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD). This article describes renal replacement therapy (RRT) services in Qatar and their evolution in response to challenges posed by the growth of ESRD with reference to regional and international data. It covers the history of RRT, highlighting significant advances in chronological order, as well as providing an overview of the current status of RRT in the multicultural and socioeconomically diverse society that inhabits Qatar. Finally, it casts a glance into the future, predicting how RRT services will further evolve to address the current limitations.展开更多
Qatar Airways’first ever passenger flight to Portugal landed at Lisbon Airport on 24June,2019,as the airline adds to its rapidly expanding European network.Operated by a Boeing787 Dreamliner aircraft,flight QR343 was...Qatar Airways’first ever passenger flight to Portugal landed at Lisbon Airport on 24June,2019,as the airline adds to its rapidly expanding European network.Operated by a Boeing787 Dreamliner aircraft,flight QR343 was greeted with a water cannon salute on arrival.Present on board the inaugural flight to Lisbon was the Portuguese Ambassador to Qatar,H.E Mr.Ricardo Pracana,and Qatar Airways Chief Commercial O fficer.展开更多
Aim: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence and pattern of complications after Achilles tendon (AT) repair, and 2) to determine the significant predictors of post-operative infection. Methods: A re...Aim: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence and pattern of complications after Achilles tendon (AT) repair, and 2) to determine the significant predictors of post-operative infection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all patients who were operated at Hamad General Hospital (HGH) between June 2010 and June 2012 for AT rupture (n = 102), was conducted. Data was collected on 1) patient’ characteristics such as age, sex;2) disease characteristics such as mechanism of rupture, type of rupture (partial or complete), whether an anterior or posterior slab was applied, number of suture materials, number of antibiotics, surgical time, time to surgery and length of hospital stay (LOS), number of follow up visits, and 3) complications. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were applied. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to identify the validity of different LOS values, with a significance level at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 102 patients with Achilles rupture, almost males (96.1%), with a mean age 31.07 ± 9.71 years, 52% with complete rupture, the majority were open ruptures (81.4%) and bathroom-related (70.6%). Anterior slab was applied to 58.2% and 2 types of suture materials to 71.6% of cases. Fifteen cases (14.7%, 95% CI: 7.8% - 21.6%) presented with one or more complications (9.8% post-operative infections, 5.9% stiffness and 2% re-rupture). Post-operative infections were significantly associated with: old age (z = 2.11, p = 0.035), longer LOS (z = 2.01, p = 0.04), and presence of diabetes (Fisher exact test: p = 0.003). After adjustment for age, LOS (p = 0.04) and diabetes (p = 0.017) remained as significant predictors of post-operative infections. LOS of 2.5 days was the optimum cut-off point above which post-operative infection is more likely to occur, with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 54%. Conclusion: Achilles repair post operative infection ranks first as a complication of AT surgical repair, and its incidence is relatively higher in HGH than the counterpart figures in the literature. The展开更多
Purpose: The aim was to provide an overview of nursing research in Qatar over the previous 15 years. Methods: Several online databases were searched for published articles between 2000 and 2015 related to nursing rese...Purpose: The aim was to provide an overview of nursing research in Qatar over the previous 15 years. Methods: Several online databases were searched for published articles between 2000 and 2015 related to nursing research in Qatar. Findings: The initial search identified 6540 articles, whose titles, abstracts, and texts were screened for satisfying the eligibility criteria. Only 57 articles met the eligibility criteria. The highest percentage of studies (42%) focused on clinical practice issues. Eighty-seven percent (87%) were published in peer-reviewed journals;84% (N = 48) were conducted between 2011 and 2015 with 16-fold growth rate compared to 2000-2005. The majority of authors were postgraduate qualified nurses, mainly 67% of them with hospital and academic affiliation (88%). The vast majority of identified studies were conducted in hospital settings (63%), and only 14% of the studies used a nursing theory or conceptual framework. Sixty-three percent (63%) of the studies were quantitative, and 25% were funded mostly by hospitals. The majority of the included studies have been done in collaboration with other disciplines (60%), especially with physicians (65%). Conclusion: Nursing research in Qatar has dramatically developed and improved over the last 15 years. However, nurses need to be more motivated to conduct and publish research in collaboration with national, regional, and international research bodies. Implications for Nursing & Health Policy: Building and sustaining nursing research infrastructure considered as a top priority for nursing leaders, academic, and ministry of public health in Qatar. Furthermore, preparing nurses with higher academic degrees is an essential step in advancing research utilization in Qatar and the region.展开更多
Although literature abounds on the activities of private security companies(PSCs)in the Arab Gulf,how the PSCs hire their forces and the security threat it poses to the region have not been given the needed academic a...Although literature abounds on the activities of private security companies(PSCs)in the Arab Gulf,how the PSCs hire their forces and the security threat it poses to the region have not been given the needed academic attention.In the Gulf sub-region where the PSCs rely solely on migrants to man their field operations,we ask how the forces are hired and its ramifications to the security of the state.In so doing,this article examines the operations of PSCs in the Gulf State of Qatar.It starts by highlighting the trends and trajectory of policing in Qatar and explains the reasons for the proliferation of PSCs in the conservative energy rich state.Second,it describes the procedures and processes used by the PSCs in hiring their forces.Third,it discusses the existing legal frameworks regulating the activities of the PSCs.The article concludes that the current situation where hiring of the field forces is undertaken by profit-oriented private institutions with little state supervision poses a threat to the peace and stability of the state in the long run.展开更多
Background: There is limited information about extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Qatar. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic characteristics of patients with Tuberculosis (TB) in Qatar, and to com...Background: There is limited information about extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Qatar. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic characteristics of patients with Tuberculosis (TB) in Qatar, and to compare the characteristics of EPTB with those of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB). Patients and Methods: The study was conducted at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar, from January 2005 to December 2008. It involves all cases of TB diagnosed in Qatar which do not include patients who are diagnosed by routine screening tests upon entry to state of Qatar. Results: 1221 cases of TB were reported;654 (53.6%) were EPTB;and 567 (46.4%) were PTB. Nine hundred fifty-one (77.9%) were males and two hundred and seventy (22.1%) were females;the mean age was 32.7 ± 811.7 years;only 6.9% (84/1221) of them were Qataris. The most frequent associated condition was diabetesmellitus (DM) (30;2.5%), and the most frequent site involved was lymph node (285 cases;43.5%). One thousand two hundred patients continued on first-line drugs while 21 patients received second line treatment. The mean duration of antituberculous therapy was 6.7 ± 1.7 months. Hepatitis was the main drug toxicity. Eight hundred and forty seven patients (69.3%) cured and eight patients (0.7%) died, whereas the remaining three hundred and sixty-six patients (30.0%) had left the country before completing therapy. The proportion of EPTB among females was higher than males, whereas diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with PTB. Conclusion: TB is still common in Qatar with predominance of EPTB. Although male predominated, the proportion of TB, EPTB among females was higher than males.展开更多
Qatar today focuses so much on reconstructing its cultural heritage. It is clear that the reconstruction of Qatariheritage has stemmed from a nostalgic mood. Thus, the government subsumed that heritage into certainint...Qatar today focuses so much on reconstructing its cultural heritage. It is clear that the reconstruction of Qatariheritage has stemmed from a nostalgic mood. Thus, the government subsumed that heritage into certaininterpretations and readings. Therefore, as presented today, Qatari heritage is no longer a self-referential heritage ofan indigenous culture. Rather, it has become a principle to reflect the social and economic existence of the Qataricommunity along with other global communities. The mass use of heritage and the implementation of Westernmuseum culture, however, might be viewed by some as the importation of a culture rather than the preservation ofan existing one. To minimise such potential problem, the government opted to ignore any distinctions betweenrepresenting heritage, interpreting it, or imposing new ideas and thinking around it. Instead, it has focused onintroducing a heritage based on linking images of foreign elements that characterise Qatari heritage with new socialand economic experiences.展开更多
Qatar Airways is the national carrier of the Arabian Gulf State of Qatar. It has become one of the world's fastest growing airlines since the its re-launched in 1997 under the leadership of their Chief Executi... Qatar Airways is the national carrier of the Arabian Gulf State of Qatar. It has become one of the world's fastest growing airlines since the its re-launched in 1997 under the leadership of their Chief Executive Officer Mr. Akbar A1 Baker.……展开更多
The north-south Qatar-Kazerun fault, with an estimated 450-km length, is a fault with lithic basement. It is mostly covered by young Quaternary alluvium, which has led to obscurities of rock structure and fractures. A...The north-south Qatar-Kazerun fault, with an estimated 450-km length, is a fault with lithic basement. It is mostly covered by young Quaternary alluvium, which has led to obscurities of rock structure and fractures. As residential areas (such as Nour-Abad, Khumeh Zar, Qaemiyeh and Kamaraj) are mainly placed on plains covered by Quaternary alluvium, telemetry methods, especially structural analyses based on satellite images, which are nowadays regarded as good complements to field studies. That is why many satellites are recently launched for different scientific objectives. Landsat is one of these research satellites;it is for long helping scientists in different fields of natural sciences. The present paper enjoys the latest information obtained through Landsat 8. Using several image reproducing operations and assistant software, it draws a new structure for the area and presents it for further analysis and interpretation.展开更多
A proper waste management system is very important in healthcare facilities because the overall benefit outweighs the cost. In the healthcare sector, hazardous health care waste (HHCW) consists of wastes that are pote...A proper waste management system is very important in healthcare facilities because the overall benefit outweighs the cost. In the healthcare sector, hazardous health care waste (HHCW) consists of wastes that are potentially contaminated by dangerous agents. Identification and segregation of HHCW is harbinger for its proper management. The quantitative analysis study on HHCW had not been done in Qatar government hospitals. This study quantitatively analyzed the current practice for HHCW management in Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Qatar. The objective of this study is to provide a first comprehensive assessment of hazardous healthcare waste managements in Qatar and offers an opportunity to improve existing practice. This is a retrospective survey study carried out on secondary data collected from the department of occupational health and safety (OHS), HMC. OHS department collects and keeps records of hazardous wastes produced by HMC. Data on the HMC hospitals’ characteristics from 2017 to 2019 were retrieved from Planning and Statistics Authority’s website. World Health Organization (WHO) formula for calculating HHCW generation rate was used to calculate the rate for HMC. Data analysis results show a steady increase in HHCW generation rate in HMC, the generation rate was 2.6 Kg/patient bed/day, 2.8 Kg/patient bed/day and 3.1 Kg/patient bed/day for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. There were also significant variations in HHCW generation rates between hospitals. The highest generation rate was 4.64 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for AWH and the lowest was 0.2 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for mental health and both hospitals contributing 23.18% and 0.29% respectively of HHCW in HMC.展开更多
Fourth Weekly Falight Added To China's Commercial Capital.
Doha, QATAR - Qatar Airways has stepped up frequency on its highly-popular Doha - Shanghai route with the introduction of a fourth weekly schedul... Fourth Weekly Falight Added To China's Commercial Capital.
Doha, QATAR - Qatar Airways has stepped up frequency on its highly-popular Doha - Shanghai route with the introduction of a fourth weekly scheduled flight.
……展开更多
To assist the analysis of tsunami hazards for Qatar coastal areas were using numerical model. By Tsunamis waves created from submarine earthquakes of magnitude of (M<sub>w</sub>) 8.6 and 9.0 in Richard sca...To assist the analysis of tsunami hazards for Qatar coastal areas were using numerical model. By Tsunamis waves created from submarine earthquakes of magnitude of (M<sub>w</sub>) 8.6 and 9.0 in Richard scale along the Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ) as well as coastal landslides with soil volume of 1.25 to 2.0 km<sup>3</sup> along Iranian coast inside the Arabian Gulf is considered. TUNAMI-N2KISR model (Al-Salem) was applied in this study to predict the tsunami propagation and magnitude of Tsunami induced wave heights. The model adopts to solve shallow water equations describing nonlinear long-wave theory. The model also incorporate tidal effect inside the Arabian Gulf as a tsunami travel time from Makran Subduction to Qatar coastline takes more than 9 hours with the tidal range of about 1.6 m during Spring Tide event. For coastal landslides, tsunami generation was simulated using a two-layer numerical model, developed by solving nonlinear long-wave equations. Two-layer model was used to determine initial wave deformation generated by a landslide case. Then TUNAMI-N2KISR was use to simulate tsunami wave propagation. Tsunami waves from landslide scenario arrived after 2.5 - 3 hr with maximum tsunami amplitudes along coasts of Ras laffan-Qatar were 0.8 to 1.0 m. Incorporation of ocean tide is found to impose some small effect on tsunami amplitude at Qatar coastline and nearby areas for the Mw 9.0 earthquake due to small tidal range in this area. In addition, it is found that the tsunami arrival time has become shorter.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is no available data about the trajectory of heart failure(HF)with improved ejection fraction(EF)and patient clinical outcomes in Qatar.AIM To explore the difference in characteristics and outcomes be...BACKGROUND There is no available data about the trajectory of heart failure(HF)with improved ejection fraction(EF)and patient clinical outcomes in Qatar.AIM To explore the difference in characteristics and outcomes between patients with transient and sustained improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and to determine the independent predictors for sustained improvement in LVEF.METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted at the advanced HF clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Qatar between January 2017 and December 2018.This were divided into two groups:HF with transient improvement in EF(HFtimpEF)and HF with sustained improvement in EF(HFsimpEF).RESULTS A total of 175 patients with HF and improved EF were included.Among them 136(77.7%)patients showed sustained improvement in LVEF.The remaining patients with HFtimpEF were predominantly males[37(94.9%)vs 101(74.3%),P=0.005]with a higher incidence of ischemic cardiomyopathy[32(82.1%)vs 68(50.4%),P=0.002],dyslipidemia[24(61.5%)vs 54(39.7%),P=0.03],and hypertension[34(87.2%)vs 93(68.4%),P=0.03]than those with HFsimpEF.The latter experienced significantly lower rates of hospitalization[39(28.7%)vs 20(51.3%),P=0.01]and diagnosis of new cardiovascular conditions during the follow-up(e.g.,acute coronary syndrome,stroke,decompensated HF,and atrial fibrillation)[14(10.3%)vs 10(25.6%),P=0.03]without a difference in emergency department visits or in-hospital death.Sustained improvement in LVEF was positively associated with being female[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=6.8,95%confidence interval(CI):1.4-32.3,P=0.02],having non-ischemic etiology of HF(aOR=3.1,95%CI:1.03-9.3,P=0.04),and using a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist(aOR=7.0,95%CI:1.50-31.8,P=0.01).CONCLUSION Patients with HFsimpEF experienced significantly lower rates of hospitalization and diagnosis of new cardiova-scular conditions than patients with HFtimpEF.Sustained improvement in LVEF was positively associated with being a female,having non-ischemic etiology of HF,and using a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.展开更多
文摘In recent years, the pressure of increasing coastal industries and tourism activities has, in some areas, led to the clearing of many coastal habitats along the Qatar＇s shorelines for the construction of tourist resorts, tourism-related development and industrial facilities. Such threats are leading to the increasing demand for detailed mangrove maps for the purpose of measuring the extent of decline in mangrove ecosystems. Detailed mangrove maps at the community or species level are, however, not easy to produce, mainly because mangrove forests are very difficult to access. Without doubt, remote sensing is a serious alternative to traditional field-based methods for mangrove mapping, as it allows information to be gathered from the forbidding environment of mangrove forests, which otherwise, logistically and practically speaking, would be extremely difficult to survey. Remote sensing applications for mangrove mapping at the fundamental level are already well established but, surprisingly, a number of advanced remote sensing applications have remained unexplored for the purpose of mangrove mapping at a finer level. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to unveil the potential of some of the unexplored remote sensing techniques for mangrove studies. Temporal Landsat TM image of 1986, Landsat ETM image of 2000 and Resourcesat-1 LISS 3 image of 2008 are used to calculate percentage change in mangrove cover at AI Dhakira site using geometrically registered and radiometrically corrected historical Landsat and Resourcesat-1 images. Region masks are employed to isolate the unwanted area from the images. NDVI （normalized difference vegetation index） is used to detect mangroves using near-infrared and red bands which are computed from the satellite images. The ground-truthing visit to AI Dhakira site is conducted to confirm the results of the analysis. Change detection is applied and mangrove in the study area is found to have decreased by about 8.79% from 2000 to 2008.
文摘Every year,the State of Qatar generates about 400,000 tons of steel slag and another 500,000 tons of gravel as a result of steel manufacturing and washing sand,respectively.The two materials(by-products)are not fully utilized to their best market values.At the same time,infrastructural renewal will take place in Qatar over the next ten years,and there will be a greater demand for aggregates and other construction materials as the country suffers from the availability of good aggregates.This paper presents results obtained on the use of steel slag,gravel and gabbro(control)in HMAC(hot mix asphalt concrete)paving mixtures and road bases and sub-bases.Tests were conducted in accordance with QCS-2010(Qatar Construction Specifications)and results were compared with QCS requirements for aggregates used in these applications.Based on the data obtained in this work,steel slag and gravel aggregates have a promising potential to be used in HMAC paving mixtures on Qatar’s roads,whether in asphalt base and asphalt wearing courses or as unbound aggregates in the base and sub-base pavement structure.
基金Supported by Traditional Chinese Medicine International Cooperation Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:1601500000027-[4]
文摘This paper presents an outline of the current status, regulations, and qualifications required for the practice of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and acupuncture in Qatar. The paper also provides an overview of the challenges and opportunities that face practitioners of Acupuncture as a complimentary medicine in Qatar and the recent licensing mechanisms introduced in January 2016. Qatar＇s 2030 vision and demand for continued development and sustainable growth includes the Chinese initiative ~One Belt, One Road＇ project which offers a golden opportunity for the further development of TCM in Qatar. The findings of this paper suggest that there are now real possibilities China and Qatar to cooperate in the exchange of medical services, training and education in the field of TCM.
文摘Background: Qatar, one of the smallest and wealthiest countries in the world, is a newly emerging healthcare system. Medical leadership in Qatar has had to create an infrastructure for medical care over the past twenty years. The purpose of this paper is to review the challenges and achievements of the newly emerging Qatar healthcare system. Methods: PubMed was searched using MESH terms: Qatar, healthcare, medical development, medical insurance and medical history. Websites of the World Bank, CIA fact book, Qatar Ministry of Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the US State department were searched for information about Qatar’s healthcare system and its history. Results: Qatar is a rapidly growing, multicultural country with over 80 nationalities represented. Qatar has developed a healthcare system with universal coverage. Up until 2014, the government has subsidized all care. There are plans to develop a medical insurance system. Conclusions: Qatar has experienced the rapid development of a healthcare system over the past twenty years. The government has centrally controlled growth and development. An examination of the unique challenges to building a Qatari healthcare system will be useful in considering how to develop medical infrastructure in other countries.
文摘The economic development of Qatar alongside the resultant lifestyle changes in the last few decades has contributed to increasing rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension with consequent increased incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease and end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD). This article describes renal replacement therapy (RRT) services in Qatar and their evolution in response to challenges posed by the growth of ESRD with reference to regional and international data. It covers the history of RRT, highlighting significant advances in chronological order, as well as providing an overview of the current status of RRT in the multicultural and socioeconomically diverse society that inhabits Qatar. Finally, it casts a glance into the future, predicting how RRT services will further evolve to address the current limitations.
文摘Qatar Airways’first ever passenger flight to Portugal landed at Lisbon Airport on 24June,2019,as the airline adds to its rapidly expanding European network.Operated by a Boeing787 Dreamliner aircraft,flight QR343 was greeted with a water cannon salute on arrival.Present on board the inaugural flight to Lisbon was the Portuguese Ambassador to Qatar,H.E Mr.Ricardo Pracana,and Qatar Airways Chief Commercial O fficer.
文摘Aim: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence and pattern of complications after Achilles tendon (AT) repair, and 2) to determine the significant predictors of post-operative infection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all patients who were operated at Hamad General Hospital (HGH) between June 2010 and June 2012 for AT rupture (n = 102), was conducted. Data was collected on 1) patient’ characteristics such as age, sex;2) disease characteristics such as mechanism of rupture, type of rupture (partial or complete), whether an anterior or posterior slab was applied, number of suture materials, number of antibiotics, surgical time, time to surgery and length of hospital stay (LOS), number of follow up visits, and 3) complications. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were applied. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to identify the validity of different LOS values, with a significance level at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 102 patients with Achilles rupture, almost males (96.1%), with a mean age 31.07 ± 9.71 years, 52% with complete rupture, the majority were open ruptures (81.4%) and bathroom-related (70.6%). Anterior slab was applied to 58.2% and 2 types of suture materials to 71.6% of cases. Fifteen cases (14.7%, 95% CI: 7.8% - 21.6%) presented with one or more complications (9.8% post-operative infections, 5.9% stiffness and 2% re-rupture). Post-operative infections were significantly associated with: old age (z = 2.11, p = 0.035), longer LOS (z = 2.01, p = 0.04), and presence of diabetes (Fisher exact test: p = 0.003). After adjustment for age, LOS (p = 0.04) and diabetes (p = 0.017) remained as significant predictors of post-operative infections. LOS of 2.5 days was the optimum cut-off point above which post-operative infection is more likely to occur, with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 54%. Conclusion: Achilles repair post operative infection ranks first as a complication of AT surgical repair, and its incidence is relatively higher in HGH than the counterpart figures in the literature. The
文摘Purpose: The aim was to provide an overview of nursing research in Qatar over the previous 15 years. Methods: Several online databases were searched for published articles between 2000 and 2015 related to nursing research in Qatar. Findings: The initial search identified 6540 articles, whose titles, abstracts, and texts were screened for satisfying the eligibility criteria. Only 57 articles met the eligibility criteria. The highest percentage of studies (42%) focused on clinical practice issues. Eighty-seven percent (87%) were published in peer-reviewed journals;84% (N = 48) were conducted between 2011 and 2015 with 16-fold growth rate compared to 2000-2005. The majority of authors were postgraduate qualified nurses, mainly 67% of them with hospital and academic affiliation (88%). The vast majority of identified studies were conducted in hospital settings (63%), and only 14% of the studies used a nursing theory or conceptual framework. Sixty-three percent (63%) of the studies were quantitative, and 25% were funded mostly by hospitals. The majority of the included studies have been done in collaboration with other disciplines (60%), especially with physicians (65%). Conclusion: Nursing research in Qatar has dramatically developed and improved over the last 15 years. However, nurses need to be more motivated to conduct and publish research in collaboration with national, regional, and international research bodies. Implications for Nursing & Health Policy: Building and sustaining nursing research infrastructure considered as a top priority for nursing leaders, academic, and ministry of public health in Qatar. Furthermore, preparing nurses with higher academic degrees is an essential step in advancing research utilization in Qatar and the region.
文摘Although literature abounds on the activities of private security companies(PSCs)in the Arab Gulf,how the PSCs hire their forces and the security threat it poses to the region have not been given the needed academic attention.In the Gulf sub-region where the PSCs rely solely on migrants to man their field operations,we ask how the forces are hired and its ramifications to the security of the state.In so doing,this article examines the operations of PSCs in the Gulf State of Qatar.It starts by highlighting the trends and trajectory of policing in Qatar and explains the reasons for the proliferation of PSCs in the conservative energy rich state.Second,it describes the procedures and processes used by the PSCs in hiring their forces.Third,it discusses the existing legal frameworks regulating the activities of the PSCs.The article concludes that the current situation where hiring of the field forces is undertaken by profit-oriented private institutions with little state supervision poses a threat to the peace and stability of the state in the long run.
文摘Background: There is limited information about extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Qatar. The aim of this study is to describe the demographic characteristics of patients with Tuberculosis (TB) in Qatar, and to compare the characteristics of EPTB with those of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB). Patients and Methods: The study was conducted at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar, from January 2005 to December 2008. It involves all cases of TB diagnosed in Qatar which do not include patients who are diagnosed by routine screening tests upon entry to state of Qatar. Results: 1221 cases of TB were reported;654 (53.6%) were EPTB;and 567 (46.4%) were PTB. Nine hundred fifty-one (77.9%) were males and two hundred and seventy (22.1%) were females;the mean age was 32.7 ± 811.7 years;only 6.9% (84/1221) of them were Qataris. The most frequent associated condition was diabetesmellitus (DM) (30;2.5%), and the most frequent site involved was lymph node (285 cases;43.5%). One thousand two hundred patients continued on first-line drugs while 21 patients received second line treatment. The mean duration of antituberculous therapy was 6.7 ± 1.7 months. Hepatitis was the main drug toxicity. Eight hundred and forty seven patients (69.3%) cured and eight patients (0.7%) died, whereas the remaining three hundred and sixty-six patients (30.0%) had left the country before completing therapy. The proportion of EPTB among females was higher than males, whereas diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with PTB. Conclusion: TB is still common in Qatar with predominance of EPTB. Although male predominated, the proportion of TB, EPTB among females was higher than males.
文摘Qatar today focuses so much on reconstructing its cultural heritage. It is clear that the reconstruction of Qatariheritage has stemmed from a nostalgic mood. Thus, the government subsumed that heritage into certaininterpretations and readings. Therefore, as presented today, Qatari heritage is no longer a self-referential heritage ofan indigenous culture. Rather, it has become a principle to reflect the social and economic existence of the Qataricommunity along with other global communities. The mass use of heritage and the implementation of Westernmuseum culture, however, might be viewed by some as the importation of a culture rather than the preservation ofan existing one. To minimise such potential problem, the government opted to ignore any distinctions betweenrepresenting heritage, interpreting it, or imposing new ideas and thinking around it. Instead, it has focused onintroducing a heritage based on linking images of foreign elements that characterise Qatari heritage with new socialand economic experiences.
文摘 Qatar Airways is the national carrier of the Arabian Gulf State of Qatar. It has become one of the world's fastest growing airlines since the its re-launched in 1997 under the leadership of their Chief Executive Officer Mr. Akbar A1 Baker.……
文摘The north-south Qatar-Kazerun fault, with an estimated 450-km length, is a fault with lithic basement. It is mostly covered by young Quaternary alluvium, which has led to obscurities of rock structure and fractures. As residential areas (such as Nour-Abad, Khumeh Zar, Qaemiyeh and Kamaraj) are mainly placed on plains covered by Quaternary alluvium, telemetry methods, especially structural analyses based on satellite images, which are nowadays regarded as good complements to field studies. That is why many satellites are recently launched for different scientific objectives. Landsat is one of these research satellites;it is for long helping scientists in different fields of natural sciences. The present paper enjoys the latest information obtained through Landsat 8. Using several image reproducing operations and assistant software, it draws a new structure for the area and presents it for further analysis and interpretation.
文摘A proper waste management system is very important in healthcare facilities because the overall benefit outweighs the cost. In the healthcare sector, hazardous health care waste (HHCW) consists of wastes that are potentially contaminated by dangerous agents. Identification and segregation of HHCW is harbinger for its proper management. The quantitative analysis study on HHCW had not been done in Qatar government hospitals. This study quantitatively analyzed the current practice for HHCW management in Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Qatar. The objective of this study is to provide a first comprehensive assessment of hazardous healthcare waste managements in Qatar and offers an opportunity to improve existing practice. This is a retrospective survey study carried out on secondary data collected from the department of occupational health and safety (OHS), HMC. OHS department collects and keeps records of hazardous wastes produced by HMC. Data on the HMC hospitals’ characteristics from 2017 to 2019 were retrieved from Planning and Statistics Authority’s website. World Health Organization (WHO) formula for calculating HHCW generation rate was used to calculate the rate for HMC. Data analysis results show a steady increase in HHCW generation rate in HMC, the generation rate was 2.6 Kg/patient bed/day, 2.8 Kg/patient bed/day and 3.1 Kg/patient bed/day for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. There were also significant variations in HHCW generation rates between hospitals. The highest generation rate was 4.64 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for AWH and the lowest was 0.2 Kg/patient bed/day recorded for mental health and both hospitals contributing 23.18% and 0.29% respectively of HHCW in HMC.
文摘 Fourth Weekly Falight Added To China's Commercial Capital.
Doha, QATAR - Qatar Airways has stepped up frequency on its highly-popular Doha - Shanghai route with the introduction of a fourth weekly scheduled flight.
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文摘To assist the analysis of tsunami hazards for Qatar coastal areas were using numerical model. By Tsunamis waves created from submarine earthquakes of magnitude of (M<sub>w</sub>) 8.6 and 9.0 in Richard scale along the Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ) as well as coastal landslides with soil volume of 1.25 to 2.0 km<sup>3</sup> along Iranian coast inside the Arabian Gulf is considered. TUNAMI-N2KISR model (Al-Salem) was applied in this study to predict the tsunami propagation and magnitude of Tsunami induced wave heights. The model adopts to solve shallow water equations describing nonlinear long-wave theory. The model also incorporate tidal effect inside the Arabian Gulf as a tsunami travel time from Makran Subduction to Qatar coastline takes more than 9 hours with the tidal range of about 1.6 m during Spring Tide event. For coastal landslides, tsunami generation was simulated using a two-layer numerical model, developed by solving nonlinear long-wave equations. Two-layer model was used to determine initial wave deformation generated by a landslide case. Then TUNAMI-N2KISR was use to simulate tsunami wave propagation. Tsunami waves from landslide scenario arrived after 2.5 - 3 hr with maximum tsunami amplitudes along coasts of Ras laffan-Qatar were 0.8 to 1.0 m. Incorporation of ocean tide is found to impose some small effect on tsunami amplitude at Qatar coastline and nearby areas for the Mw 9.0 earthquake due to small tidal range in this area. In addition, it is found that the tsunami arrival time has become shorter.
文摘BACKGROUND There is no available data about the trajectory of heart failure(HF)with improved ejection fraction(EF)and patient clinical outcomes in Qatar.AIM To explore the difference in characteristics and outcomes between patients with transient and sustained improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and to determine the independent predictors for sustained improvement in LVEF.METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted at the advanced HF clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Qatar between January 2017 and December 2018.This were divided into two groups:HF with transient improvement in EF(HFtimpEF)and HF with sustained improvement in EF(HFsimpEF).RESULTS A total of 175 patients with HF and improved EF were included.Among them 136(77.7%)patients showed sustained improvement in LVEF.The remaining patients with HFtimpEF were predominantly males[37(94.9%)vs 101(74.3%),P=0.005]with a higher incidence of ischemic cardiomyopathy[32(82.1%)vs 68(50.4%),P=0.002],dyslipidemia[24(61.5%)vs 54(39.7%),P=0.03],and hypertension[34(87.2%)vs 93(68.4%),P=0.03]than those with HFsimpEF.The latter experienced significantly lower rates of hospitalization[39(28.7%)vs 20(51.3%),P=0.01]and diagnosis of new cardiovascular conditions during the follow-up(e.g.,acute coronary syndrome,stroke,decompensated HF,and atrial fibrillation)[14(10.3%)vs 10(25.6%),P=0.03]without a difference in emergency department visits or in-hospital death.Sustained improvement in LVEF was positively associated with being female[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=6.8,95%confidence interval(CI):1.4-32.3,P=0.02],having non-ischemic etiology of HF(aOR=3.1,95%CI:1.03-9.3,P=0.04),and using a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist(aOR=7.0,95%CI:1.50-31.8,P=0.01).CONCLUSION Patients with HFsimpEF experienced significantly lower rates of hospitalization and diagnosis of new cardiova-scular conditions than patients with HFtimpEF.Sustained improvement in LVEF was positively associated with being a female,having non-ischemic etiology of HF,and using a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.
