Under the wave of globalization,some cities in China,especially the so-called “megacities” are entering or have already entered the stage of post-suburbanization.The study places Shanghai suburbs in the post-suburba...Under the wave of globalization,some cities in China,especially the so-called “megacities” are entering or have already entered the stage of post-suburbanization.The study places Shanghai suburbs in the post-suburbanization landscape and takes Qingpu New Town as an example to systematically analyze the development and formation mechanism of post-suburbanization spaces.This study reveals the features of the post-suburbanization in China as follows.Firstly,In China,post-suburbanization is achieved based on industrialization as well as on the promotion of urbanization.Although urbanization has strengthened other functions of suburban spaces aside from living and production,the production attributes of suburbs remain stable.Secondly,post-suburbanization space with the new town as the development model is an important path for a new round of suburban space growth,it has expanded the space for capital accumulation in metropolitan areas,thus promoting the possibility of reorganizing economic activities within metropolitan areas.At the same time,it focuses on the integration of industries and cities,and the simultaneous development of urbanization and industrialization.In turn,this promotes the accumulation of capital centered on the urban environment and manufacturing production.Furthermore,China’s special institutional circumstance enables its government to organize various actors to form a growth alliance,which will act together in the production of post-suburbanization space.展开更多
O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (O6-AT) is an enzyme for the repair of the promutagenic structure, O6-aIkylguanine, from alkylated DNA, therefore low activity of O6-AT is involved in the predisposition of tissu...O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (O6-AT) is an enzyme for the repair of the promutagenic structure, O6-aIkylguanine, from alkylated DNA, therefore low activity of O6-AT is involved in the predisposition of tissues to some nitrosamines and the development of cancer. The levels of O6-AT in livers of ducks from Qidong (Qd), a high incidence area of liver cancer, and from Qingpu(Qp), a relatively low incidence area were determined in this study. The results showed that the activity of O6-AT was higher in Qp than in Qd. It suggested that some nitrosamine in Qd might be one of factors responsible for the higher incidence of ducks liver cancer, because these ducks were more sensitive to nitrosa-mine.展开更多
Having visited Tilanqiao Prison, I began to feel much better, with all the uneasiness and fears with "imnates" and "prisons" gone. On the way to Qingpu Prison I had learned that it is of a new mode...Having visited Tilanqiao Prison, I began to feel much better, with all the uneasiness and fears with "imnates" and "prisons" gone. On the way to Qingpu Prison I had learned that it is of a new model, quite civilized. The prison is a complex of white buildings surrounded by a wide stretch of garden, If not for the four Chinese characters "Qing Pu Jian Yu" on the gates, no one could guess that it is a prison. It is more like a university. From the production area to the living area, from the teaching building to the medical展开更多
The configuration of a multifunctional rural landscape is critical for its protection.Although studies on multifunctional rural landscapes have been conducted,there is a lack of information regarding the spatiotempora...The configuration of a multifunctional rural landscape is critical for its protection.Although studies on multifunctional rural landscapes have been conducted,there is a lack of information regarding the spatiotemporal characteristics and tradeoff/synergy relationships of rural landscape functions in the time series on the administrative unit scale.The purposes of this study were to(1)analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the tradeoff and synergy from the perspective of multifunctionality for efficient use of rural landscape resources and(2)formulate regional sustainable development policies to minimize the conflict between people and nature.Aiming at the scientific representation of landscape function and the quantification of landscape multifunctional relationships,and by taking Qingpu District of Shanghai as an example,six kinds of rural landscape functions were constructed according to the functional framework of"productive function,living function and ecological function".Based on the data for 1980 to 2018,the characteristics of variations of multifunctional tradeoff and synergy relationships of the rural landscape in 184 administrative villages were studied by the methods of Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis and bivariate spatial autocorrelation.The following results were obtained.1)The fine division of rural landscape function types was realistic and necessary for analyzing the regional multi-function relationships in the regions with rapid development.In the process of rapid urbanization,the rural landscape functions of urban suburban areas changed under the combined action of natural resource endowment,social and economic conditions and other internal and external factors.As a result,the agricultural production function could not replace the economic development function and become the function of rural landscape production.The research results of Qingpu District showed that the agricultural production function was no longer the primary functional form,yet the economic development function became the dominant function in this area.2)Temporal and spatial analysis methods of rural landscape functions can accurately and comprehensively reflect the evolution of the characteristics of multifunction tradeoffs and synergies.According to the Spearman rank correlation analysis of the multifunction value of the rural landscape in the time dimension,the results masked the differences of resource and environment carrying capacity caused by the differences of regional landscape resource endowment in the spatial dimension.3)The spatial and temporal differences of the multi-functional tradeoffs and synergies of the rural landscape in Qingpu District from 1980 to 2018 were significant.There was significant heterogeneity of tradeoffs and synergies between functions in the spatial pattern,with clustering characteristics.Meanwhile,as for the temporal pattern,the tradeoffs and synergies of functions changed differently in terms of Moran’s I and the correlation coefficient.The results of this study can provide scientific references for urban-suburban-rural space reconstruction and regional sustainable development.展开更多
Vulnerability research is the core issue and one of the research hotspots of sustainable development science.Vulnerability and its evaluation framework provide a new perspective for rural social-ecosystem studies.This...Vulnerability research is the core issue and one of the research hotspots of sustainable development science.Vulnerability and its evaluation framework provide a new perspective for rural social-ecosystem studies.This paper introduced the‘input-output’efficiency theory and constructed the‘SEE-PSR’framework for the analysis of social-ecosystem vulnerability in the rural area in Qingpu District of Shanghai City.The DEA models,spatial autocorrelation model,multivariate logistic regression model,geographical detector and hierarchical cluster model were used to analyze the spatial differences of social-ecosystem vulnerability,and its geographical impact mechanisms and ecological restorations,in 184 administrative villages in this area.The results can be divided into three main points.(1)The results of the‘input-output’efficiency model of the EW-DEA based on entropy weight aggregation crossover was more reliable and accurate for the evaluation of rural social-ecosystem vulnerability.The vulnerability of the social-ecosystems in the administrative villages showed a trend of gradual decline from east to west,with an average value of vulnerability of 0.583,and the vulnerability of social systems had become an important factor in constraining the decrease of the vulnerability of the social-ecosystems in the region.(2)The distances from the center of Shanghai City,from Dianshan Lake,from the center of Qingpu District and from the water area were the four dominant geographical factors affecting the vulnerability of the social-ecosystem in this region.The geographical impacts exhibited the spatial differentiations of systemic structure,the substitution of typological attributes and the transformation level.(3)The geographical factors coupling the impact types of the social-ecosystem vulnerability were divided spatially into 10 types.The geographic multi-factor coupling impact types were dominant,which presented multi-cyclic spatial patterns and were dominated by the central multi-factor which was surrounded by the single factor types on both sides.According to the different types,some feasible ways of ecological restoration were proposed,which drew on the experiences of integrated territory consolidation to remediate the vulnerability of rural social-ecological systems.The results of this study can provide scientific reference for rural spatial reconstruction,regional ecological restoration and sustainable development for the regions characterized by conflict in the‘strict protection of the ecological environment and vigorous development of the economy’.展开更多
General urban design is targeted at the urban environment, which includes identifying the relationship between landscape elements and spatial structure, and guiding and controlling open spaces, architectural features,...General urban design is targeted at the urban environment, which includes identifying the relationship between landscape elements and spatial structure, and guiding and controlling open spaces, architectural features, and important landscape areas and elements. By applying the general urban design results into planning practices, the unique townscape with local characteristics can be shaped gradually through effective guidance on urban spaces. This paper, based on the practice of general urban design in Qingpu New City, provides a systematic analysis on the general urban design from the perspectives of the structure of urban spaces, the landscape control of key areas, the design guidelines and elements, and so forth.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101160Science-Technology Foundation for Young Scientist of Gansu Province,No.21JR7RA523。
文摘Under the wave of globalization,some cities in China,especially the so-called “megacities” are entering or have already entered the stage of post-suburbanization.The study places Shanghai suburbs in the post-suburbanization landscape and takes Qingpu New Town as an example to systematically analyze the development and formation mechanism of post-suburbanization spaces.This study reveals the features of the post-suburbanization in China as follows.Firstly,In China,post-suburbanization is achieved based on industrialization as well as on the promotion of urbanization.Although urbanization has strengthened other functions of suburban spaces aside from living and production,the production attributes of suburbs remain stable.Secondly,post-suburbanization space with the new town as the development model is an important path for a new round of suburban space growth,it has expanded the space for capital accumulation in metropolitan areas,thus promoting the possibility of reorganizing economic activities within metropolitan areas.At the same time,it focuses on the integration of industries and cities,and the simultaneous development of urbanization and industrialization.In turn,this promotes the accumulation of capital centered on the urban environment and manufacturing production.Furthermore,China’s special institutional circumstance enables its government to organize various actors to form a growth alliance,which will act together in the production of post-suburbanization space.
文摘O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (O6-AT) is an enzyme for the repair of the promutagenic structure, O6-aIkylguanine, from alkylated DNA, therefore low activity of O6-AT is involved in the predisposition of tissues to some nitrosamines and the development of cancer. The levels of O6-AT in livers of ducks from Qidong (Qd), a high incidence area of liver cancer, and from Qingpu(Qp), a relatively low incidence area were determined in this study. The results showed that the activity of O6-AT was higher in Qp than in Qd. It suggested that some nitrosamine in Qd might be one of factors responsible for the higher incidence of ducks liver cancer, because these ducks were more sensitive to nitrosa-mine.
文摘Having visited Tilanqiao Prison, I began to feel much better, with all the uneasiness and fears with "imnates" and "prisons" gone. On the way to Qingpu Prison I had learned that it is of a new model, quite civilized. The prison is a complex of white buildings surrounded by a wide stretch of garden, If not for the four Chinese characters "Qing Pu Jian Yu" on the gates, no one could guess that it is a prison. It is more like a university. From the production area to the living area, from the teaching building to the medical
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471455)The Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Hunan Education Department(19A086)The Key Laboratory of Key Technologies of Digital Urban-Rural Spatial Planning of Hunan Province(2018TP1042)。
文摘The configuration of a multifunctional rural landscape is critical for its protection.Although studies on multifunctional rural landscapes have been conducted,there is a lack of information regarding the spatiotemporal characteristics and tradeoff/synergy relationships of rural landscape functions in the time series on the administrative unit scale.The purposes of this study were to(1)analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the tradeoff and synergy from the perspective of multifunctionality for efficient use of rural landscape resources and(2)formulate regional sustainable development policies to minimize the conflict between people and nature.Aiming at the scientific representation of landscape function and the quantification of landscape multifunctional relationships,and by taking Qingpu District of Shanghai as an example,six kinds of rural landscape functions were constructed according to the functional framework of"productive function,living function and ecological function".Based on the data for 1980 to 2018,the characteristics of variations of multifunctional tradeoff and synergy relationships of the rural landscape in 184 administrative villages were studied by the methods of Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis and bivariate spatial autocorrelation.The following results were obtained.1)The fine division of rural landscape function types was realistic and necessary for analyzing the regional multi-function relationships in the regions with rapid development.In the process of rapid urbanization,the rural landscape functions of urban suburban areas changed under the combined action of natural resource endowment,social and economic conditions and other internal and external factors.As a result,the agricultural production function could not replace the economic development function and become the function of rural landscape production.The research results of Qingpu District showed that the agricultural production function was no longer the primary functional form,yet the economic development function became the dominant function in this area.2)Temporal and spatial analysis methods of rural landscape functions can accurately and comprehensively reflect the evolution of the characteristics of multifunction tradeoffs and synergies.According to the Spearman rank correlation analysis of the multifunction value of the rural landscape in the time dimension,the results masked the differences of resource and environment carrying capacity caused by the differences of regional landscape resource endowment in the spatial dimension.3)The spatial and temporal differences of the multi-functional tradeoffs and synergies of the rural landscape in Qingpu District from 1980 to 2018 were significant.There was significant heterogeneity of tradeoffs and synergies between functions in the spatial pattern,with clustering characteristics.Meanwhile,as for the temporal pattern,the tradeoffs and synergies of functions changed differently in terms of Moran’s I and the correlation coefficient.The results of this study can provide scientific references for urban-suburban-rural space reconstruction and regional sustainable development.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471455)The Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province(20JD011)+2 种基金The Social Science Review Foundation of Hunan Province(XSP17YBZC021,XSP18ZDI035)The Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Hunan Education Department(19A086)The Key Laboratory of Key Technologies of Digital Urban-Rural Spatial Planning of Hunan Province(2018TP1042)。
文摘Vulnerability research is the core issue and one of the research hotspots of sustainable development science.Vulnerability and its evaluation framework provide a new perspective for rural social-ecosystem studies.This paper introduced the‘input-output’efficiency theory and constructed the‘SEE-PSR’framework for the analysis of social-ecosystem vulnerability in the rural area in Qingpu District of Shanghai City.The DEA models,spatial autocorrelation model,multivariate logistic regression model,geographical detector and hierarchical cluster model were used to analyze the spatial differences of social-ecosystem vulnerability,and its geographical impact mechanisms and ecological restorations,in 184 administrative villages in this area.The results can be divided into three main points.(1)The results of the‘input-output’efficiency model of the EW-DEA based on entropy weight aggregation crossover was more reliable and accurate for the evaluation of rural social-ecosystem vulnerability.The vulnerability of the social-ecosystems in the administrative villages showed a trend of gradual decline from east to west,with an average value of vulnerability of 0.583,and the vulnerability of social systems had become an important factor in constraining the decrease of the vulnerability of the social-ecosystems in the region.(2)The distances from the center of Shanghai City,from Dianshan Lake,from the center of Qingpu District and from the water area were the four dominant geographical factors affecting the vulnerability of the social-ecosystem in this region.The geographical impacts exhibited the spatial differentiations of systemic structure,the substitution of typological attributes and the transformation level.(3)The geographical factors coupling the impact types of the social-ecosystem vulnerability were divided spatially into 10 types.The geographic multi-factor coupling impact types were dominant,which presented multi-cyclic spatial patterns and were dominated by the central multi-factor which was surrounded by the single factor types on both sides.According to the different types,some feasible ways of ecological restoration were proposed,which drew on the experiences of integrated territory consolidation to remediate the vulnerability of rural social-ecological systems.The results of this study can provide scientific reference for rural spatial reconstruction,regional ecological restoration and sustainable development for the regions characterized by conflict in the‘strict protection of the ecological environment and vigorous development of the economy’.
基金supported by PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(20070247065)
文摘General urban design is targeted at the urban environment, which includes identifying the relationship between landscape elements and spatial structure, and guiding and controlling open spaces, architectural features, and important landscape areas and elements. By applying the general urban design results into planning practices, the unique townscape with local characteristics can be shaped gradually through effective guidance on urban spaces. This paper, based on the practice of general urban design in Qingpu New City, provides a systematic analysis on the general urban design from the perspectives of the structure of urban spaces, the landscape control of key areas, the design guidelines and elements, and so forth.
