Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in...Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in the distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region-comprising northern Shaanxi’s Loess Plateau,the Guanzhong Plain,and the southern Qinling-Bashan Mountains-Qin Medicine embodies the synergistic convergence of endemic biodiversity,empirical therapeutic traditions,and regional cultural identity[1].The distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region profoundly shaped Qin Medicine’s development.The arid Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi,characterized by drought-tolerant flora,yields herbs such as Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus)and Dahuang(Rheum palmatum)in harsh environments.In contrast,the biodiverse,humid Qinling-Bashan Mountains fostered a wealth of herbs for clearing heat,resolving dampness,and calming the spirit,such as Huanglian(Coptis chinensis),Fuling(Poria cocos),and Tianma(Gastrodia elata).The fertile Guanzhong Plain supported the cultivation of herbs such as Baishao(Paeonia lactiflora)and Danggui(Angelica sinensis)[2].This article traces the historical trajectory of Qin Medicine,systematically analyzing its formation,development,and modern advancements.展开更多
Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreov...Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS),a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Committee of Laboratory Animals.In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the phylogenetic diversity of wetlands at the source of the Qin River and provide data reference for future research.[Methods]Taking survey data(July,2016)of plants in wetlands at the source of ...[Objectives]To explore the phylogenetic diversity of wetlands at the source of the Qin River and provide data reference for future research.[Methods]Taking survey data(July,2016)of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River as research object,this study utilizes Phylocom 4.2 to construct plant(in wetlands at the source of Qin River)genealogical tree for 72 non-angiosperm species within research area,besides,the paper adopts Pedigree diversity index(PD),community pedigree structure index(net Relatedness index,NRI and Nearest Taxon Index,NTI)to analyze pedigree diversity and pedigree structure of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River.This paper is going to explain the scientific question:pedigree diversity,pedigreeβdiversity,and pedigree structure of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River,in order to study on relatedness and stability of community.[Results]The effect of habitat filtration will result in similar species adaptation and close genetic relationships in the community,manifesting as genealogy aggregation.On the contrary,the effect of competitive exclusion can lead to distant species genetic relationships in the community,manifesting as genealogy divergence.In this study,there was a tendency of aggregation among the species in sample plot S5,which indicated that the effect of habitat filtration was dominant in this plot,and in S2 and S6 the species had a decentralized trend.The NRI and NTI values in other plots were different in the positive and negative.[Conclusions]This research serves as an initial exploration of the phylogenetic diversity and community assembly mechanisms in the wetlands at the source of Qin River.Further studies incorporating environmental factors and human activities could provide deeper insights into community ecology phenomena and assembly mechanisms.展开更多
Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Associaon for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover...Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Associaon for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scienst of Instute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federaon of Laboratory Animal Science Associaons(AFLAS),a board member of the Internaonal Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the Naonal Standardizaon Technical Commiee of Laboratory Animals.In addion to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Sciena Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparave Medicine.展开更多
Chuan Qin,MD.PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreov...Chuan Qin,MD.PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of LaboratoryAnimal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS & PUMC.展开更多
Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreov...Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS).展开更多
Inspired by one of the maxims in a Chinese classics entitled The Roots of Wisdom,the present paper borrows the typical culturally-loaded Chinese discourses of Gu-qin — "stringed lute" and "non-stringed...Inspired by one of the maxims in a Chinese classics entitled The Roots of Wisdom,the present paper borrows the typical culturally-loaded Chinese discourses of Gu-qin — "stringed lute" and "non-stringed lute"—to add to the literary translation terminology and to enrich some Chinese literary translation theories.On the basis of analyzing some related theories in linguistics,pragmatics,aesthetics and communication which show different perspectives relevant with the study of translation,the present paper offers a new angle to illustrate how the Chinese discourses of Gu-qin,rich in cultural implications,can best describe translation and bring new vigor and vitality into the diversity and further expansion of the field of translation research.展开更多
Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), me...Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), medium dosage group (19 cases) and high dosage group (15 cases) were treated with different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction for 12 weeks. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), postprandial blood sugar (PBG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc) were determined before and after treatment. Results: With the increase of dosage, the overall effective rate of glycaemic control increased, and FBG, PBG, HbAlc decreased. The overall effective rate of blood glucose control of high dosage, medium dosage and low dosage group were 80%, 47%, 30% respectively, and there were significant differences between high dosage group and low dosage group. The decrease of FBG, PBG and HbAlc of high dosage showed significant differences from low dosage too. These data was analyzed by trend χ2 test and covariance analysis. Conclusion: The result indicated that different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction has dose-effect relationship in reducing HbAlc and FBG.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction(CQCQD)on cefotaxime(CTX)concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were div...AIM:To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction(CQCQD)on cefotaxime(CTX)concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into an ANP group(ANP model +CTX,n=20),treatment group(ANP model+CTX +CQCQD,n=20)and control group(normal rats+ CTX,n=20).ANP models were induced by retrograde intraductal injection of 3.5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg),and the control group was injected intraductally with normal saline.All rats were injected introperitoneally with 0.42 g/kg CTX(at 12-h intervals for a continuous 72 h)at 6 h after intraductal injection. Meanwhile,the treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg)intragastrically at 8-h intervals,and the ANP and control group were treated intragastrically with normal saline.At 15 min after the last CTX injection,blood and pancreas samples were collected for the determination of CTX concentration using validated high-performance liquid chromatography. Pathological changes and wet-to-dry-weight(W/D) ratio of pancreatic tissue were examined. RESULTS:Serum CTX concentrations in three groups were not significantly different.Pancreatic CTXconcentration and penetration ratio were lower in ANP group vs control group(4.4±0.6μg/mL vs 18.6± 1.7μg/mL,P=0.000;5%vs 19%,P=0.000),but significantly higher in treatment group vs ANP group (6.4±1.7μg/mL vs 4.4±0.6μg/mL,P=0.020;7% vs 5%,P=0.048).The histological scores and W/D ratio were significantly decreased in treatment group vs ANP and control group. CONCLUSION:CQCQD might have a promotive effect on CTX concentration in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.展开更多
Cenozoic potassic mafic volcanism (kamafugite magamtism) in West Qinling, Gansu province of China is a important section of Cenozoic volcanic belt of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau and adjacent area. The kamafugite magma sh...Cenozoic potassic mafic volcanism (kamafugite magamtism) in West Qinling, Gansu province of China is a important section of Cenozoic volcanic belt of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau and adjacent area. The kamafugite magma show near\|primary magma characteristics. Strong incompatible elements concentrations in the volcanic rocks infer the kamafugite magmas may be origined from a enrichment mantle sources earlier.Four groups of deep\|seated xenoliths were collected from a kamafugite lava in West Qinling, Gansu province, China: (1)spinel Iherzolite and garnet Iherzolite; (2) harzburgite; (3) dunite and (4) clinopyroxenite. All suite of peridotite xenoliths are Cr\|diopside series. The main textures of peridotite xenoliths are granoblastic, porphyroclastic and granular, but the textures of clinopyroxenite are mainly poikilitic. The textural characteristics, mineral chemical variations and mineral geothermometric data show that the mantle source region of the Cenozoic kamafugite magam are very complex and undertook partial melting and enrichment associated with alkaline metasomatism by fluid and carbonatite melts. Geothermometry indicates the equilibration p and T conditions of the spinel lherzolite and garnet lherzolite are 970℃, 18 9GPa and 1219℃,27 61GPa corresponding to depth of 62km and 92km representatively. We suggest, combining with geophysical data, the spinel lherzolite formed at the top of upper mantle, the garnet lherzolite represent the base of lithosphere or the top of asthenosphere, but the clinopyroxenite is formed by cumulation in shallower magma reservoir. Kamafugite magmas formed within the stability field of garnet lherzolite by partial melting, the partial melting degree is only about 1%～2%. There is a superheating condition in Cenozoic mantle of West Qinling, which may be related to strong uplift of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau since cenozoic and extrusion east forward of asthenosphere beneath the Qingzang (Tibet) plateau.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of active compounds of Chanqin(CQ)granules on PM2.5-induced airway neurogenic inflammation in vivo,and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action.METHODS:The Traditional Chi...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of active compounds of Chanqin(CQ)granules on PM2.5-induced airway neurogenic inflammation in vivo,and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action.METHODS:The Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology(TCMSP)database was searched,and the results were combined with oral bioavailability and drug analysis to identify the compounds in CQ granules.The pharmacophore modeling approach was used to predict the compound targets,and the diseases corresponding to the targets were obtained by searching the therapeutic target database(TTD),pharmacogenomics knowledgebase(Pharm GKB)and Drug Bank databases.Cytoscape software was used to construct the network pharmacological charts for Component-Target and Target-Disease interactions of the CQ granules.Then,the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of CQ granules for the treatment of PM2.5-induced airway neurogenic inflammation were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 195 compounds and 171 targets were obtained from the analyses.A total of569 corresponding diseases were identified for these targets.Component-target and target-disease networks were constructed.The possible mechanisms and effective components in CQ granules for treating airway neurogenic inflammation were analyzed.Quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin,beta-sitosterol and sitosterol,which are typically found in the formulation,have extensive pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and antiviral actions and neuroprotective properties.Among these targets,androgen receptor,estrogen receptor,prostaglandin G/H synthase 2,and inducible nitric oxide synthase play important pathological roles,including the induction of neurogenic inflammation.CQ granules may have therapeutic effectiveness for numerous diseases in addition to respiratory diseases,including neoplasms,digestive system diseases,cardiovascular diseases,respiratory tract diseases and nervous system diseases.In vivo,CQ granules are effective in treating pulmonary inflammation and downregulate neuropeptides in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after PM2.5 exposure.CQ granules significantly decreased the levels of neurokinin A,neurokinin B and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the lung and dorsal root ganglia.CQ also significantly suppressed the upregulation of p-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p-methyl ethyl ketone 1/2 induced by PM2.5 exposure.CONCLUSION:CQ granules have potential for thetreatment of neurogenic inflammation induced by PM2.5 in vivo,and the mechanism might involve downregulation of neuropeptides in the BALF,lung and dorsal root ganglia.展开更多
The chemical compositions and microstructures of the armor strips excavated from the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum were examined systematically by using optical microscopy and electron microscopy.It was found ...The chemical compositions and microstructures of the armor strips excavated from the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum were examined systematically by using optical microscopy and electron microscopy.It was found that the armor strips were made of pure copper.Based on the morphology of α-Cu recrystal grain and copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the armor strips,the manufacturing techniques were proposed as follows:smelting pure copper,casting a lamellar plate,forming the cast ingots into sheets through repeated cold forging combined with annealing heat treatment,and finally cutting the sheets into filaments.Furthermore,through the deformation of copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the strips,the work rate during forging was evaluated and calculated to be close to 75%.展开更多
The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with...The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.展开更多
Recently, this study group established “the map of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line in Chinese and Near Region" on the basis of latest survey and study of the crustal depth, the preliminary result shows that the r...Recently, this study group established “the map of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line in Chinese and Near Region" on the basis of latest survey and study of the crustal depth, the preliminary result shows that the regular meridional and latitudinal upwarping and downwarping structural pattern of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line among Eurasian plate and Pacific plate and the Indian plate alternately appears, and which is accreted and coupled with basin ridge structure that exist shallow crustal base, continental crust and oceanic crust and others regular upwarping and downwarping net structure system that possessing different block characters and different scales exist together. Among different structure systems, it occurs that ramp downwarping impetus transform structure belts whose trends is characteristic. Nowadays upwarping and downwarping net structure system is basically modeled in Himalayan orogeny period. It is showed that the Earth revolution way has been changed in this period, which leaded to a new Earth dynamics cycle.The pattern of upwarping and downwarping structure among different structure systems or different structure blocks , and the characters of different trends and different scale transform structure belts, reflects the structure movement way and their conversion law, and reveals the Earth centralized dynamics mechanics that is produced by the revolutionary effect under the environments of aster system. This can be clearly reflected by the change of impetus way between Qinghai—Tibet highland structure system and near structure system.展开更多
Chuan Qin, MD, PhD, is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS), and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &...Chuan Qin, MD, PhD, is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS), and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College. She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations (AFLAS), a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS), and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Commitiee of Laboratory Animals. In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, Prof. Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.展开更多
Background: Qin Bing eye drop is prepared with cortex fraxini and borneol. It has been commonly used to relieve the symptoms of photokeratoconjunctivitis (PKC), chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis for more than forty...Background: Qin Bing eye drop is prepared with cortex fraxini and borneol. It has been commonly used to relieve the symptoms of photokeratoconjunctivitis (PKC), chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis for more than forty years. However, the origins of cortex fraxini are various, which may result in the unstable quality. Methods: The animal model of PKC was established using rabbit’s eyes exposure to Ultraviolet (UV);levofloxaxin drop, normal saline, Qin Bing eye drops made of herbs from Hebei province and Shanxi province were respectively instilled to both eyes of rabbits;the symptoms of rabbits’ eyes were observed at different time points and scores based on weights were recorded;the recovery rates of different groups were evaluated. Results: The scores of both eyes for all rabbits were above 9 points, indicating animal models for PKC were successful;the average recovery rates of therapeutic groups, including Qin Bing eye drop groups, were higher than untreated group at different time points;the slopes of recovery rate in Qin Bing eye drop (Hebei) were above Shanxi. Conclusion: PKD animal model can be established successfully;Qin Bing eye drop groups promoted the symptoms of PKD recovering quicker than untreated group. Furthermore, Qin Bing eye drop made of herbs from province Hebei had better effects than Shanxi, which was consistent with chemical results. This indicated that chemical constituents of herbs were able to reflect the effects to a certain extent.展开更多
There are three different opinions of the first sentence from Qin Nang Ao Yu (青囊奥语), which was written by Yang Jun-song (杨筠松). They are “Kun Ren Yi (坤壬乙) should start from the star Ju Men (巨门)”;“Kun Ren...There are three different opinions of the first sentence from Qin Nang Ao Yu (青囊奥语), which was written by Yang Jun-song (杨筠松). They are “Kun Ren Yi (坤壬乙) should start from the star Ju Men (巨门)”;“Kun Ren Yi should start from the star Wen Qu (文曲)” and “Kun Ren Yi should start from both the star Lian Zhen and the star Ju Men (Lian Ju (廉巨))”. Because of the sectarianism,though the people were at odds with the opinions, we cannot find out any comprehensive and objective study on these. According to the analysis of some relevant literatures, it can be seen that there are two viewpoints nowadays. One of the viewpoints deemed that the first sentence was falsified by Jiang Da-hong (蒋大鸿), and another one deemed that was falsified by Zhang Shou-qi (张受祺). But neither of the view was credible. More precisely is that “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” were both found in the publications simultaneously, and there were more “Wen Qu”, during the period of the end of the Ming Dynasty and the era of the emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The influence of “Ju Meg” was gradually spread when Jiang Da-hong used it in his book and also Si Ku Quan Shu (四库全书) cited it, then let to more pithy formulas of “Ju Men” to be used now. And the “Lian Ju” was rare to be used except Duan Mu Guo-hu (端木国瑚) who used to use it. The way of interpretation is so multiple and complex on the “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” from the Qin Nang Ao Yu, according to the perspective of Feng Shui, which is reflecting the pluralism and uncertainty of the interpretation of the traditional Feng Shui. And it is still need to be required a further more careful consideration on how to treat the studies of the traditional Feng Shui for the nowadays scholars.展开更多
This paper studied the gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens in the Qin and Han Dynasties by combining ancient literature with the study of Han Dynasty stone reliefs.The results showed that by Q...This paper studied the gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens in the Qin and Han Dynasties by combining ancient literature with the study of Han Dynasty stone reliefs.The results showed that by Qin and Han Dynasties,the imperial(royal)gardens and private gardens in ancient Xuzhou had developed in parallel.Imperial(royal)gardens were built by or for vassal kings,First Emperor of Qin Dynasty,Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty Liu Bang,for example,Pei Palace,Yanqi Tai,Xima Tai,Hanzu Temple,Lingguang Palace of Lu and so on.As for private gardens,stone reliefs in medium or small tombs owned by the bigwigs or the rich were collected from ancient Xuzhou,and from which we can see clearly the development of private garden from the court,the yard to the garden,rich garden plants and animal species,garden architecture types such as hall,building,pavilion,platform,boat,corridor,gate,gatetower,ornamental column etc.,particularly,hanging waterside pavilion was a unique architectural form of Xu-style garden.These achievements showed that Xu-style garden architecture had been transformed from the pre-Qin incubation period to the generation period.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82274313)Project of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2022-SLRH-YQ-010).
文摘Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in the distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region-comprising northern Shaanxi’s Loess Plateau,the Guanzhong Plain,and the southern Qinling-Bashan Mountains-Qin Medicine embodies the synergistic convergence of endemic biodiversity,empirical therapeutic traditions,and regional cultural identity[1].The distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region profoundly shaped Qin Medicine’s development.The arid Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi,characterized by drought-tolerant flora,yields herbs such as Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus)and Dahuang(Rheum palmatum)in harsh environments.In contrast,the biodiverse,humid Qinling-Bashan Mountains fostered a wealth of herbs for clearing heat,resolving dampness,and calming the spirit,such as Huanglian(Coptis chinensis),Fuling(Poria cocos),and Tianma(Gastrodia elata).The fertile Guanzhong Plain supported the cultivation of herbs such as Baishao(Paeonia lactiflora)and Danggui(Angelica sinensis)[2].This article traces the historical trajectory of Qin Medicine,systematically analyzing its formation,development,and modern advancements.
文摘Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS),a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Committee of Laboratory Animals.In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.
文摘[Objectives]To explore the phylogenetic diversity of wetlands at the source of the Qin River and provide data reference for future research.[Methods]Taking survey data(July,2016)of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River as research object,this study utilizes Phylocom 4.2 to construct plant(in wetlands at the source of Qin River)genealogical tree for 72 non-angiosperm species within research area,besides,the paper adopts Pedigree diversity index(PD),community pedigree structure index(net Relatedness index,NRI and Nearest Taxon Index,NTI)to analyze pedigree diversity and pedigree structure of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River.This paper is going to explain the scientific question:pedigree diversity,pedigreeβdiversity,and pedigree structure of plants in wetlands at the source of Qin River,in order to study on relatedness and stability of community.[Results]The effect of habitat filtration will result in similar species adaptation and close genetic relationships in the community,manifesting as genealogy aggregation.On the contrary,the effect of competitive exclusion can lead to distant species genetic relationships in the community,manifesting as genealogy divergence.In this study,there was a tendency of aggregation among the species in sample plot S5,which indicated that the effect of habitat filtration was dominant in this plot,and in S2 and S6 the species had a decentralized trend.The NRI and NTI values in other plots were different in the positive and negative.[Conclusions]This research serves as an initial exploration of the phylogenetic diversity and community assembly mechanisms in the wetlands at the source of Qin River.Further studies incorporating environmental factors and human activities could provide deeper insights into community ecology phenomena and assembly mechanisms.
文摘Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Associaon for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scienst of Instute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federaon of Laboratory Animal Science Associaons(AFLAS),a board member of the Internaonal Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the Naonal Standardizaon Technical Commiee of Laboratory Animals.In addion to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Sciena Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparave Medicine.
文摘Chuan Qin,MD.PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of LaboratoryAnimal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS & PUMC.
文摘Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the permanent professor of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).Moreover,she is the senior scientist of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),CAMS&PUMC.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS).
文摘Inspired by one of the maxims in a Chinese classics entitled The Roots of Wisdom,the present paper borrows the typical culturally-loaded Chinese discourses of Gu-qin — "stringed lute" and "non-stringed lute"—to add to the literary translation terminology and to enrich some Chinese literary translation theories.On the basis of analyzing some related theories in linguistics,pragmatics,aesthetics and communication which show different perspectives relevant with the study of translation,the present paper offers a new angle to illustrate how the Chinese discourses of Gu-qin,rich in cultural implications,can best describe translation and bring new vigor and vitality into the diversity and further expansion of the field of translation research.
基金supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program (973 Program, No.2010CB530601)
文摘Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different dosages of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction (葛根芩连汤) on type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients from low dosage group (20 cases), medium dosage group (19 cases) and high dosage group (15 cases) were treated with different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction for 12 weeks. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), postprandial blood sugar (PBG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc) were determined before and after treatment. Results: With the increase of dosage, the overall effective rate of glycaemic control increased, and FBG, PBG, HbAlc decreased. The overall effective rate of blood glucose control of high dosage, medium dosage and low dosage group were 80%, 47%, 30% respectively, and there were significant differences between high dosage group and low dosage group. The decrease of FBG, PBG and HbAlc of high dosage showed significant differences from low dosage too. These data was analyzed by trend χ2 test and covariance analysis. Conclusion: The result indicated that different dosage of Gegen Qin Lian Decoction has dose-effect relationship in reducing HbAlc and FBG.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of China,No.2006BAI04A15Major Diseases Fund of Sichuan Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.2007B03
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction(CQCQD)on cefotaxime(CTX)concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into an ANP group(ANP model +CTX,n=20),treatment group(ANP model+CTX +CQCQD,n=20)and control group(normal rats+ CTX,n=20).ANP models were induced by retrograde intraductal injection of 3.5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg),and the control group was injected intraductally with normal saline.All rats were injected introperitoneally with 0.42 g/kg CTX(at 12-h intervals for a continuous 72 h)at 6 h after intraductal injection. Meanwhile,the treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg)intragastrically at 8-h intervals,and the ANP and control group were treated intragastrically with normal saline.At 15 min after the last CTX injection,blood and pancreas samples were collected for the determination of CTX concentration using validated high-performance liquid chromatography. Pathological changes and wet-to-dry-weight(W/D) ratio of pancreatic tissue were examined. RESULTS:Serum CTX concentrations in three groups were not significantly different.Pancreatic CTXconcentration and penetration ratio were lower in ANP group vs control group(4.4±0.6μg/mL vs 18.6± 1.7μg/mL,P=0.000;5%vs 19%,P=0.000),but significantly higher in treatment group vs ANP group (6.4±1.7μg/mL vs 4.4±0.6μg/mL,P=0.020;7% vs 5%,P=0.048).The histological scores and W/D ratio were significantly decreased in treatment group vs ANP and control group. CONCLUSION:CQCQD might have a promotive effect on CTX concentration in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.
文摘Cenozoic potassic mafic volcanism (kamafugite magamtism) in West Qinling, Gansu province of China is a important section of Cenozoic volcanic belt of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau and adjacent area. The kamafugite magma show near\|primary magma characteristics. Strong incompatible elements concentrations in the volcanic rocks infer the kamafugite magmas may be origined from a enrichment mantle sources earlier.Four groups of deep\|seated xenoliths were collected from a kamafugite lava in West Qinling, Gansu province, China: (1)spinel Iherzolite and garnet Iherzolite; (2) harzburgite; (3) dunite and (4) clinopyroxenite. All suite of peridotite xenoliths are Cr\|diopside series. The main textures of peridotite xenoliths are granoblastic, porphyroclastic and granular, but the textures of clinopyroxenite are mainly poikilitic. The textural characteristics, mineral chemical variations and mineral geothermometric data show that the mantle source region of the Cenozoic kamafugite magam are very complex and undertook partial melting and enrichment associated with alkaline metasomatism by fluid and carbonatite melts. Geothermometry indicates the equilibration p and T conditions of the spinel lherzolite and garnet lherzolite are 970℃, 18 9GPa and 1219℃,27 61GPa corresponding to depth of 62km and 92km representatively. We suggest, combining with geophysical data, the spinel lherzolite formed at the top of upper mantle, the garnet lherzolite represent the base of lithosphere or the top of asthenosphere, but the clinopyroxenite is formed by cumulation in shallower magma reservoir. Kamafugite magmas formed within the stability field of garnet lherzolite by partial melting, the partial melting degree is only about 1%～2%. There is a superheating condition in Cenozoic mantle of West Qinling, which may be related to strong uplift of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau since cenozoic and extrusion east forward of asthenosphere beneath the Qingzang (Tibet) plateau.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81904127/H2708)Study on Mechanism of Chanqin Granules Inhibiting TRPV1 Channel Activity in Relieving the Airway Neurogenic Inflammation of Post-Infectious Cough Based on Inos/NO-Cgmp-PKG Signal Pathway
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of active compounds of Chanqin(CQ)granules on PM2.5-induced airway neurogenic inflammation in vivo,and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action.METHODS:The Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology(TCMSP)database was searched,and the results were combined with oral bioavailability and drug analysis to identify the compounds in CQ granules.The pharmacophore modeling approach was used to predict the compound targets,and the diseases corresponding to the targets were obtained by searching the therapeutic target database(TTD),pharmacogenomics knowledgebase(Pharm GKB)and Drug Bank databases.Cytoscape software was used to construct the network pharmacological charts for Component-Target and Target-Disease interactions of the CQ granules.Then,the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of CQ granules for the treatment of PM2.5-induced airway neurogenic inflammation were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 195 compounds and 171 targets were obtained from the analyses.A total of569 corresponding diseases were identified for these targets.Component-target and target-disease networks were constructed.The possible mechanisms and effective components in CQ granules for treating airway neurogenic inflammation were analyzed.Quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin,beta-sitosterol and sitosterol,which are typically found in the formulation,have extensive pharmacological activities,including anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and antiviral actions and neuroprotective properties.Among these targets,androgen receptor,estrogen receptor,prostaglandin G/H synthase 2,and inducible nitric oxide synthase play important pathological roles,including the induction of neurogenic inflammation.CQ granules may have therapeutic effectiveness for numerous diseases in addition to respiratory diseases,including neoplasms,digestive system diseases,cardiovascular diseases,respiratory tract diseases and nervous system diseases.In vivo,CQ granules are effective in treating pulmonary inflammation and downregulate neuropeptides in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after PM2.5 exposure.CQ granules significantly decreased the levels of neurokinin A,neurokinin B and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the lung and dorsal root ganglia.CQ also significantly suppressed the upregulation of p-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p-methyl ethyl ketone 1/2 induced by PM2.5 exposure.CONCLUSION:CQ granules have potential for thetreatment of neurogenic inflammation induced by PM2.5 in vivo,and the mechanism might involve downregulation of neuropeptides in the BALF,lung and dorsal root ganglia.
文摘The chemical compositions and microstructures of the armor strips excavated from the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum were examined systematically by using optical microscopy and electron microscopy.It was found that the armor strips were made of pure copper.Based on the morphology of α-Cu recrystal grain and copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the armor strips,the manufacturing techniques were proposed as follows:smelting pure copper,casting a lamellar plate,forming the cast ingots into sheets through repeated cold forging combined with annealing heat treatment,and finally cutting the sheets into filaments.Furthermore,through the deformation of copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the strips,the work rate during forging was evaluated and calculated to be close to 75%.
文摘The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.
文摘Recently, this study group established “the map of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line in Chinese and Near Region" on the basis of latest survey and study of the crustal depth, the preliminary result shows that the regular meridional and latitudinal upwarping and downwarping structural pattern of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line among Eurasian plate and Pacific plate and the Indian plate alternately appears, and which is accreted and coupled with basin ridge structure that exist shallow crustal base, continental crust and oceanic crust and others regular upwarping and downwarping net structure system that possessing different block characters and different scales exist together. Among different structure systems, it occurs that ramp downwarping impetus transform structure belts whose trends is characteristic. Nowadays upwarping and downwarping net structure system is basically modeled in Himalayan orogeny period. It is showed that the Earth revolution way has been changed in this period, which leaded to a new Earth dynamics cycle.The pattern of upwarping and downwarping structure among different structure systems or different structure blocks , and the characters of different trends and different scale transform structure belts, reflects the structure movement way and their conversion law, and reveals the Earth centralized dynamics mechanics that is produced by the revolutionary effect under the environments of aster system. This can be clearly reflected by the change of impetus way between Qinghai—Tibet highland structure system and near structure system.
文摘Chuan Qin, MD, PhD, is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS), and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College. She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations (AFLAS), a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS), and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Commitiee of Laboratory Animals. In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, Prof. Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.
文摘Background: Qin Bing eye drop is prepared with cortex fraxini and borneol. It has been commonly used to relieve the symptoms of photokeratoconjunctivitis (PKC), chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis for more than forty years. However, the origins of cortex fraxini are various, which may result in the unstable quality. Methods: The animal model of PKC was established using rabbit’s eyes exposure to Ultraviolet (UV);levofloxaxin drop, normal saline, Qin Bing eye drops made of herbs from Hebei province and Shanxi province were respectively instilled to both eyes of rabbits;the symptoms of rabbits’ eyes were observed at different time points and scores based on weights were recorded;the recovery rates of different groups were evaluated. Results: The scores of both eyes for all rabbits were above 9 points, indicating animal models for PKC were successful;the average recovery rates of therapeutic groups, including Qin Bing eye drop groups, were higher than untreated group at different time points;the slopes of recovery rate in Qin Bing eye drop (Hebei) were above Shanxi. Conclusion: PKD animal model can be established successfully;Qin Bing eye drop groups promoted the symptoms of PKD recovering quicker than untreated group. Furthermore, Qin Bing eye drop made of herbs from province Hebei had better effects than Shanxi, which was consistent with chemical results. This indicated that chemical constituents of herbs were able to reflect the effects to a certain extent.
文摘There are three different opinions of the first sentence from Qin Nang Ao Yu (青囊奥语), which was written by Yang Jun-song (杨筠松). They are “Kun Ren Yi (坤壬乙) should start from the star Ju Men (巨门)”;“Kun Ren Yi should start from the star Wen Qu (文曲)” and “Kun Ren Yi should start from both the star Lian Zhen and the star Ju Men (Lian Ju (廉巨))”. Because of the sectarianism,though the people were at odds with the opinions, we cannot find out any comprehensive and objective study on these. According to the analysis of some relevant literatures, it can be seen that there are two viewpoints nowadays. One of the viewpoints deemed that the first sentence was falsified by Jiang Da-hong (蒋大鸿), and another one deemed that was falsified by Zhang Shou-qi (张受祺). But neither of the view was credible. More precisely is that “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” were both found in the publications simultaneously, and there were more “Wen Qu”, during the period of the end of the Ming Dynasty and the era of the emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The influence of “Ju Meg” was gradually spread when Jiang Da-hong used it in his book and also Si Ku Quan Shu (四库全书) cited it, then let to more pithy formulas of “Ju Men” to be used now. And the “Lian Ju” was rare to be used except Duan Mu Guo-hu (端木国瑚) who used to use it. The way of interpretation is so multiple and complex on the “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” from the Qin Nang Ao Yu, according to the perspective of Feng Shui, which is reflecting the pluralism and uncertainty of the interpretation of the traditional Feng Shui. And it is still need to be required a further more careful consideration on how to treat the studies of the traditional Feng Shui for the nowadays scholars.
文摘This paper studied the gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens in the Qin and Han Dynasties by combining ancient literature with the study of Han Dynasty stone reliefs.The results showed that by Qin and Han Dynasties,the imperial(royal)gardens and private gardens in ancient Xuzhou had developed in parallel.Imperial(royal)gardens were built by or for vassal kings,First Emperor of Qin Dynasty,Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty Liu Bang,for example,Pei Palace,Yanqi Tai,Xima Tai,Hanzu Temple,Lingguang Palace of Lu and so on.As for private gardens,stone reliefs in medium or small tombs owned by the bigwigs or the rich were collected from ancient Xuzhou,and from which we can see clearly the development of private garden from the court,the yard to the garden,rich garden plants and animal species,garden architecture types such as hall,building,pavilion,platform,boat,corridor,gate,gatetower,ornamental column etc.,particularly,hanging waterside pavilion was a unique architectural form of Xu-style garden.These achievements showed that Xu-style garden architecture had been transformed from the pre-Qin incubation period to the generation period.
