Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eigh...Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eight spade-sunk wells,one river and one spring in both municipalities in 2017 and 2018 were carried out by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTEs,such as aluminum,cadmium,copper,iron,lead,manganese,nickel and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater and surface water to meet their water needs in both Ruashi and Annexe municipalities are at risk.展开更多
Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Re...Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Republic of Congo.A total of fifty four water samples including thirty two samples from drilled water wells,ten samples from spade-sunk water wells,six samples from supplied tap water,four samples from a mine effluent and two samples from a river were collected from both localities in November and December 2017 and in January,February and March 2018.Then the samples were analyzed for their PTE contents by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTE,such as arsenic,aluminum,cadmium,iron,lead,manganese and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater,surface water and tap water to meet their water needs in both localities are at risk.展开更多
Under complicated field conditions,such as the coupled effects of freeze-thaw cycles(FTs)and acidification,the leaching behavior of potentially toxic element(PTEs)from indigenous Zn smelting slags(ZSS)was intricately ...Under complicated field conditions,such as the coupled effects of freeze-thaw cycles(FTs)and acidification,the leaching behavior of potentially toxic element(PTEs)from indigenous Zn smelting slags(ZSS)was intricately connected to the mineralogy(e.g.,the composition,assemblage,microstructure of mineral particles).In this study,FTs tests were carried out to explore the interactions between PTEs release and ZSSmineralogy.Subsequently,advanced characterization techniqueswere adopted to quantify the mineralogy andmicrostructure of ZSS.The results indicated that ZSS were mainly composed of silicate minerals(e.g.,quartz,biotite and chlorite)and secondary Fe(III)oxyhydroxides(e.g.,magnetite and limonite),accounting for 67.48% and 24.23%,respectively.The occurrence mode analysis revealed that 81.95%of As,21.31%of Pb and 7.77% of Zn were hosted in limonite.About 37.89%,59.34% and 34.50% of Cd,Pb and Zn were associated with carbonate bound fractions.Under FTs interacting with different pH conditions,the leaching concentrations of As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn did not significantly increase with the increase in FTs and pH.The microstructure damage of mineral particles in ZSS with the higher porosity was caused by both FTs and proton corrosion.More importantly,the geochemical modeling results suggested that the precipitation of hematite and magnetite,as well as the dissolution of arsenolite,might have little impacts on PTEs release under FTs and FTs with acidification.This work would provide a deeper understanding of PTEs release from smelting waste slags under complex physicochemical interactions.展开更多
Transducing thermal energy into mechanical movements via molecular reconfigurations offers a cutting-edge approach to thermal actuating materials,which could be applied to sensors,energy harvesting and storage devices...Transducing thermal energy into mechanical movements via molecular reconfigurations offers a cutting-edge approach to thermal actuating materials,which could be applied to sensors,energy harvesting and storage devices[1].Thermal expansion is a pivotal aspect in solid state chemistry,intricately intertwined with various factors such as crystal structure,chemical composition,electronic configuration,microstructure,and defects.Most materials undergo isotropic and positive thermal expansion(PTE)because of the disharmonic vibrational amplitudes of their chemical bonds.Moreover,anisotropic thermal expansion(ATE)and negative thermal expansion(NTE)are fascinating physical attributes of solids,which can originate from electronic or magnetic mechanisms,as well as through a transverse phonon mechanism in insulating lattice solids.展开更多
基金funding received from UNESCO-SIDA Project as well as Professor Martine Leermakers and Professor Willy Baeyens for their financial help to analyze the water samples in their laboratory at VUB.Acknowledgements
文摘Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi city.Analyses of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eight spade-sunk wells,one river and one spring in both municipalities in 2017 and 2018 were carried out by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTEs,such as aluminum,cadmium,copper,iron,lead,manganese,nickel and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater and surface water to meet their water needs in both Ruashi and Annexe municipalities are at risk.
文摘Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Republic of Congo.A total of fifty four water samples including thirty two samples from drilled water wells,ten samples from spade-sunk water wells,six samples from supplied tap water,four samples from a mine effluent and two samples from a river were collected from both localities in November and December 2017 and in January,February and March 2018.Then the samples were analyzed for their PTE contents by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTE,such as arsenic,aluminum,cadmium,iron,lead,manganese and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater,surface water and tap water to meet their water needs in both localities are at risk.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFC3707704 and 2019YFC1805205)the Research Initiation Fund and the 16th Batch of Sailing Plan Project of China University of Mining and Technology(Nos.102524004 and 102524096)the key scientific research projects(No.ZMYJJB-2024-01)of First Exploration Burea,China National Administration of coal Geology.
文摘Under complicated field conditions,such as the coupled effects of freeze-thaw cycles(FTs)and acidification,the leaching behavior of potentially toxic element(PTEs)from indigenous Zn smelting slags(ZSS)was intricately connected to the mineralogy(e.g.,the composition,assemblage,microstructure of mineral particles).In this study,FTs tests were carried out to explore the interactions between PTEs release and ZSSmineralogy.Subsequently,advanced characterization techniqueswere adopted to quantify the mineralogy andmicrostructure of ZSS.The results indicated that ZSS were mainly composed of silicate minerals(e.g.,quartz,biotite and chlorite)and secondary Fe(III)oxyhydroxides(e.g.,magnetite and limonite),accounting for 67.48% and 24.23%,respectively.The occurrence mode analysis revealed that 81.95%of As,21.31%of Pb and 7.77% of Zn were hosted in limonite.About 37.89%,59.34% and 34.50% of Cd,Pb and Zn were associated with carbonate bound fractions.Under FTs interacting with different pH conditions,the leaching concentrations of As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn did not significantly increase with the increase in FTs and pH.The microstructure damage of mineral particles in ZSS with the higher porosity was caused by both FTs and proton corrosion.More importantly,the geochemical modeling results suggested that the precipitation of hematite and magnetite,as well as the dissolution of arsenolite,might have little impacts on PTEs release under FTs and FTs with acidification.This work would provide a deeper understanding of PTEs release from smelting waste slags under complex physicochemical interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22171155)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022YQ07)Taishan Scholar Program(tsqn202306166).
文摘Transducing thermal energy into mechanical movements via molecular reconfigurations offers a cutting-edge approach to thermal actuating materials,which could be applied to sensors,energy harvesting and storage devices[1].Thermal expansion is a pivotal aspect in solid state chemistry,intricately intertwined with various factors such as crystal structure,chemical composition,electronic configuration,microstructure,and defects.Most materials undergo isotropic and positive thermal expansion(PTE)because of the disharmonic vibrational amplitudes of their chemical bonds.Moreover,anisotropic thermal expansion(ATE)and negative thermal expansion(NTE)are fascinating physical attributes of solids,which can originate from electronic or magnetic mechanisms,as well as through a transverse phonon mechanism in insulating lattice solids.
