High-loading Pt/C catalysts play an important role in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies with thin catalytic layer,which enhance mass transport and maintain the balance of water and heat.Unfortunately,as...High-loading Pt/C catalysts play an important role in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies with thin catalytic layer,which enhance mass transport and maintain the balance of water and heat.Unfortunately,as the loading increases,the agglomeration and growth of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)occur,causing unsatisfactory performance.Here,we present an efficient method for preparing of highly dispersed and small-sized Pt/C catalysts with Pt loadings varying from 39.01 wt%to 66.48 wt%through the high-temperature shock technique.The high density and ultrafine(~2.5 nm)Pt NPs are successfully anchored onto Vulcan XC-72R carbon black without the use of additional capping agents or surfactants.The modified carbon supports enhance the affinity for Pt precursors,contributing to loading efficiencies of 95%or more,while also providing abundant sites for the nucleation and fixation of Pt NPs,thus preventing agglomeration.In the context of the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media,the as-synthesized high-loading Pt/C catalysts show remarkable activity and stability,outperforming the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C.This is mainly because the combined effects of ultrasmall and uniform Pt NPs,optimized electronic structure of Pt site,superhydrophilicity and effective anchoring of Pt NPs.The polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer integrated with Pt60/OX72R and commercial IrO2 reaches 1 A cm^(-2)at 1.77 V and operates stably for 120 hours with a negligible voltage decay.This new strategy is fast,scalable and cost-effective for large-scale production of metal-supported catalysts,especially for the high-loading ones.展开更多
Platinum nanoparticles supported on carbons（Pt/C,60%,mass fraction） electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell（DMFC） were prepared by citrate-stabilized method with different reductants and carbon supports.The...Platinum nanoparticles supported on carbons（Pt/C,60%,mass fraction） electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell（DMFC） were prepared by citrate-stabilized method with different reductants and carbon supports.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and cyclic voltammetry（CV）.It is found that the size of Pt nanoparticles on carbon is controllable by citrate addition and reductant optimization,and the form of carbon support has a great influence on electrocatalytic activity of catalysts.The citrate-stabilized Pt nanoparticles supported on BP2000 carbon,which was reduced by formaldehyde,exhibit the best performance with about 2 nm in diameter and 66.46 m2/g（Pt） in electrocatalytic active surface（EAS） area.Test on single DMFC with 60%（mass fraction） Pt/BP2000 as cathode electrocatalyst showed maximum power density at 78.8 mW/cm2.展开更多
目前草甘膦工业生产母液含大量甲醛,今采用Pt/C催化剂在反应过程中催化氧化甲醛以期提高母液循环套用效率。运用自制Pt/C催化剂研究甲醛和甲酸的氧化反应及其动力学。XRD和TEM测定表明,Pt/C催化剂中Pt的平均粒径为1.4 nm,分散性较好。...目前草甘膦工业生产母液含大量甲醛,今采用Pt/C催化剂在反应过程中催化氧化甲醛以期提高母液循环套用效率。运用自制Pt/C催化剂研究甲醛和甲酸的氧化反应及其动力学。XRD和TEM测定表明,Pt/C催化剂中Pt的平均粒径为1.4 nm,分散性较好。消除内、外扩散影响后在反应压力0.6 MPa、搅拌转速800 r×min^(-1)、氧气流量120 mL×min^(-1)及反应温度323.15~353.15 K的条件下进行甲醛和甲酸氧化反应动力学实验,建立本征动力学模型并运用实验数据进行拟合计算得到动力学参数,甲醛氧化生成甲酸反应活化能为36.04 k J×mol^(-1),甲酸氧化反应活化能为19.93 k J×mol^(-1),甲醛与甲酸的吸附热分别为-60.26 k J×mol^(-1)和-39.96 k J×mol^(-1)。展开更多
文摘High-loading Pt/C catalysts play an important role in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies with thin catalytic layer,which enhance mass transport and maintain the balance of water and heat.Unfortunately,as the loading increases,the agglomeration and growth of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)occur,causing unsatisfactory performance.Here,we present an efficient method for preparing of highly dispersed and small-sized Pt/C catalysts with Pt loadings varying from 39.01 wt%to 66.48 wt%through the high-temperature shock technique.The high density and ultrafine(~2.5 nm)Pt NPs are successfully anchored onto Vulcan XC-72R carbon black without the use of additional capping agents or surfactants.The modified carbon supports enhance the affinity for Pt precursors,contributing to loading efficiencies of 95%or more,while also providing abundant sites for the nucleation and fixation of Pt NPs,thus preventing agglomeration.In the context of the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media,the as-synthesized high-loading Pt/C catalysts show remarkable activity and stability,outperforming the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C.This is mainly because the combined effects of ultrasmall and uniform Pt NPs,optimized electronic structure of Pt site,superhydrophilicity and effective anchoring of Pt NPs.The polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer integrated with Pt60/OX72R and commercial IrO2 reaches 1 A cm^(-2)at 1.77 V and operates stably for 120 hours with a negligible voltage decay.This new strategy is fast,scalable and cost-effective for large-scale production of metal-supported catalysts,especially for the high-loading ones.
基金Project(50573041)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Platinum nanoparticles supported on carbons（Pt/C,60%,mass fraction） electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell（DMFC） were prepared by citrate-stabilized method with different reductants and carbon supports.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and cyclic voltammetry（CV）.It is found that the size of Pt nanoparticles on carbon is controllable by citrate addition and reductant optimization,and the form of carbon support has a great influence on electrocatalytic activity of catalysts.The citrate-stabilized Pt nanoparticles supported on BP2000 carbon,which was reduced by formaldehyde,exhibit the best performance with about 2 nm in diameter and 66.46 m2/g（Pt） in electrocatalytic active surface（EAS） area.Test on single DMFC with 60%（mass fraction） Pt/BP2000 as cathode electrocatalyst showed maximum power density at 78.8 mW/cm2.
文摘目前草甘膦工业生产母液含大量甲醛,今采用Pt/C催化剂在反应过程中催化氧化甲醛以期提高母液循环套用效率。运用自制Pt/C催化剂研究甲醛和甲酸的氧化反应及其动力学。XRD和TEM测定表明,Pt/C催化剂中Pt的平均粒径为1.4 nm,分散性较好。消除内、外扩散影响后在反应压力0.6 MPa、搅拌转速800 r×min^(-1)、氧气流量120 mL×min^(-1)及反应温度323.15~353.15 K的条件下进行甲醛和甲酸氧化反应动力学实验,建立本征动力学模型并运用实验数据进行拟合计算得到动力学参数,甲醛氧化生成甲酸反应活化能为36.04 k J×mol^(-1),甲酸氧化反应活化能为19.93 k J×mol^(-1),甲醛与甲酸的吸附热分别为-60.26 k J×mol^(-1)和-39.96 k J×mol^(-1)。
