Cancer is a major cause of mortality globally,characterized by its multifactorial nature and intricate treatment procedures.The main treatment options include targeted drug therapies and chemotherapy.However,overcomin...Cancer is a major cause of mortality globally,characterized by its multifactorial nature and intricate treatment procedures.The main treatment options include targeted drug therapies and chemotherapy.However,overcoming drug resistance remains a significant challenge in curing cancer patients.In recent decades,substantial efforts have been made to explore the resistance of cancer cells to anti-cancer agents and to create methods to counteract this resistance.Cancer cell resistance can be attributed to various factors,including long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)involved in cell cycle dysregulation,abnormal DNA repair,cell proliferation,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,metastasis,apoptosis,autophagy,drug efflux transporters,epigenetic modifications,and the formation of cancer stem cells.Pseudogenes are genomic regions that harbor impaired or dysfunctional versions of genes.Although pseudogenes were traditionally considered non-functional,a growing number of them are now being found to serve important biological functions.Recent research has demonstrated that mutations and dysregulation of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs are linked with various human diseases,such as cancer drug resistance.This review concentrates on exploring the latest discoveries that elucidate the diverse molecular functions of regulatory pseudogene-derived lncRNAs implicated in cancer drug resistance and the therapeutic possibilities for overcoming drug resistance.展开更多
Cancer stem cells(CSCs),progenitor tumor cells with stemness characteristics,play key roles in cancer's onset,progression,metastasis,relapse,and chemotherapy resistance.While the exact molecular mechanisms of CSC ...Cancer stem cells(CSCs),progenitor tumor cells with stemness characteristics,play key roles in cancer's onset,progression,metastasis,relapse,and chemotherapy resistance.While the exact molecular mechanisms of CSC development are not fully understood,recent research has revealed regulatory pathways of their generation with the weighty involvement of non-coding RNAs.It has been found that some pseudogenes are transcribed to long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),which are functionally and structurally similar to typical lncRNAs with biological functions including sponge miRNAs,antisense RNA,and interactions with proteins.Outstandingly,various in vitro and in vivo evidence have demonstrated that dysregulation of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs is directly involved in the development of CSCs in different cancers,mainly through functioning as miRNA sponges for modulating CSC-related signaling pathways.Therefore,researchers have suggested that research in this field can reveal hidden aspects of CSC development and can also open a new window for developing novel cancer therapeutic and diagnostic targets.In this review,we comprehensively address the recent findings of previous studies on the dysregulated roles of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs in directing and generating CSCs in various cancers.Also,their clinical capacities in terms of biomarkers,diagnosis,and treatment for cancer will be discussed.展开更多
文摘Cancer is a major cause of mortality globally,characterized by its multifactorial nature and intricate treatment procedures.The main treatment options include targeted drug therapies and chemotherapy.However,overcoming drug resistance remains a significant challenge in curing cancer patients.In recent decades,substantial efforts have been made to explore the resistance of cancer cells to anti-cancer agents and to create methods to counteract this resistance.Cancer cell resistance can be attributed to various factors,including long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)involved in cell cycle dysregulation,abnormal DNA repair,cell proliferation,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,metastasis,apoptosis,autophagy,drug efflux transporters,epigenetic modifications,and the formation of cancer stem cells.Pseudogenes are genomic regions that harbor impaired or dysfunctional versions of genes.Although pseudogenes were traditionally considered non-functional,a growing number of them are now being found to serve important biological functions.Recent research has demonstrated that mutations and dysregulation of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs are linked with various human diseases,such as cancer drug resistance.This review concentrates on exploring the latest discoveries that elucidate the diverse molecular functions of regulatory pseudogene-derived lncRNAs implicated in cancer drug resistance and the therapeutic possibilities for overcoming drug resistance.
文摘Cancer stem cells(CSCs),progenitor tumor cells with stemness characteristics,play key roles in cancer's onset,progression,metastasis,relapse,and chemotherapy resistance.While the exact molecular mechanisms of CSC development are not fully understood,recent research has revealed regulatory pathways of their generation with the weighty involvement of non-coding RNAs.It has been found that some pseudogenes are transcribed to long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),which are functionally and structurally similar to typical lncRNAs with biological functions including sponge miRNAs,antisense RNA,and interactions with proteins.Outstandingly,various in vitro and in vivo evidence have demonstrated that dysregulation of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs is directly involved in the development of CSCs in different cancers,mainly through functioning as miRNA sponges for modulating CSC-related signaling pathways.Therefore,researchers have suggested that research in this field can reveal hidden aspects of CSC development and can also open a new window for developing novel cancer therapeutic and diagnostic targets.In this review,we comprehensively address the recent findings of previous studies on the dysregulated roles of pseudogene-derived lncRNAs in directing and generating CSCs in various cancers.Also,their clinical capacities in terms of biomarkers,diagnosis,and treatment for cancer will be discussed.
