Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocrit...Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocritical point.Focusing on two-dimensional percolation,we show that the size distribution of the largest cluster asymptotically approaches to a Gumbel form in the subcritical phase,a Gaussian form in the supercritical phase,and transitions within the critical finite-size scaling window.Numerical results indicate that,at consistently defined pseudocritical points,this distribution exhibits a universal form across various lattices and percolation models(bond or site),within error bars,yet differs from the distribution at the critical point.The critical polynomial,universally zero for two-dimensional percolation at the critical point,becomes nonzero at pseudocritical points.Nevertheless,numerical evidence suggests that the critical polynomial,along with other dimensionless quantities such as wrapping probabilities and Binder cumulants,assumes fixed values at the pseudocritical point that are independent of the percolation type(bond or site)but vary with lattice structures.These findings imply that while strict universality breaks down at the pseudocritical point,certain extreme-value statistics and dimensionless quantities exhibit quasi-universality,revealing a subtle connection between scaling behaviors at critical and pseudocritical points.展开更多
Effect of pseudocritical rapid energy dissipation (PRED) from Pressurizer in nuclear steam supply system of Pressurized Water Reactor, where a single event as common cause failure, of considerable reduction of base-lo...Effect of pseudocritical rapid energy dissipation (PRED) from Pressurizer in nuclear steam supply system of Pressurized Water Reactor, where a single event as common cause failure, of considerable reduction of base-load electricity demand causes the temperature of the reactor coolant system (RCS) to increase, and corresponding pressure increases in pressurizer and steam generators above set-points. The study employed the uses of MATLAB/Simulink library tools, to experimentally modelled pressure control as PRED, where the momentum of transport of kinematic viscosity fraction above pseudocritical point dissipated as excess energy, to maintain the safety of the Pressurizer and RCS and keep the water from boiling. The result demonstrated the significance of pressure vector and Prandlt number as heat transfer coefficients that provided detailed activities in 2-D contour and 3-D graphics of specific internal energy and other parameterization of fluid in the pressurizer.展开更多
The results on the curvature of a pseudocritical transition line for two-flavor QCD through lattice simulations are presented. The simulations are carried out with Symanzik-improved gauge action and Asqtad fermion act...The results on the curvature of a pseudocritical transition line for two-flavor QCD through lattice simulations are presented. The simulations are carried out with Symanzik-improved gauge action and Asqtad fermion action on a lattice 12^3×4 at quark mass am = 0.010. At the imaginary chemical potentials aμ1 = 0.050, 0.150, 0.200, 0.225 and 0.250, we investigate the chiral condensate ψψ, plaquette variable P and imaginary part of Polyakov loop Im（L） and their susceptibilities. Analytic continuation from an imaginary chemical potential to a real one is used to obtain the expression for transition temperature as a function of the chemical potential. The curvature is 0.0326（46）.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12275263)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301900)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2023J02032).
文摘Universality,encompassing critical exponents,scaling functions,and dimensionless quantities,is fundamental to phase transition theory.In finite systems,universal behaviors are also expected to emerge at the pseudocritical point.Focusing on two-dimensional percolation,we show that the size distribution of the largest cluster asymptotically approaches to a Gumbel form in the subcritical phase,a Gaussian form in the supercritical phase,and transitions within the critical finite-size scaling window.Numerical results indicate that,at consistently defined pseudocritical points,this distribution exhibits a universal form across various lattices and percolation models(bond or site),within error bars,yet differs from the distribution at the critical point.The critical polynomial,universally zero for two-dimensional percolation at the critical point,becomes nonzero at pseudocritical points.Nevertheless,numerical evidence suggests that the critical polynomial,along with other dimensionless quantities such as wrapping probabilities and Binder cumulants,assumes fixed values at the pseudocritical point that are independent of the percolation type(bond or site)but vary with lattice structures.These findings imply that while strict universality breaks down at the pseudocritical point,certain extreme-value statistics and dimensionless quantities exhibit quasi-universality,revealing a subtle connection between scaling behaviors at critical and pseudocritical points.
文摘Effect of pseudocritical rapid energy dissipation (PRED) from Pressurizer in nuclear steam supply system of Pressurized Water Reactor, where a single event as common cause failure, of considerable reduction of base-load electricity demand causes the temperature of the reactor coolant system (RCS) to increase, and corresponding pressure increases in pressurizer and steam generators above set-points. The study employed the uses of MATLAB/Simulink library tools, to experimentally modelled pressure control as PRED, where the momentum of transport of kinematic viscosity fraction above pseudocritical point dissipated as excess energy, to maintain the safety of the Pressurizer and RCS and keep the water from boiling. The result demonstrated the significance of pressure vector and Prandlt number as heat transfer coefficients that provided detailed activities in 2-D contour and 3-D graphics of specific internal energy and other parameterization of fluid in the pressurizer.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11347029 and 11105033
文摘The results on the curvature of a pseudocritical transition line for two-flavor QCD through lattice simulations are presented. The simulations are carried out with Symanzik-improved gauge action and Asqtad fermion action on a lattice 12^3×4 at quark mass am = 0.010. At the imaginary chemical potentials aμ1 = 0.050, 0.150, 0.200, 0.225 and 0.250, we investigate the chiral condensate ψψ, plaquette variable P and imaginary part of Polyakov loop Im（L） and their susceptibilities. Analytic continuation from an imaginary chemical potential to a real one is used to obtain the expression for transition temperature as a function of the chemical potential. The curvature is 0.0326（46）.
