Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress ...Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress and increasing psychological resilience;however,implementation is difficult due to unpredictability of the job,department culture,and generational preferences.The objective of this qualitative study was to identify and enhance understanding of the specific needs and potential barriers and facilitators for the implementation of mindfulness-based programming for community-based first responders.Methods:A phenomenological qualitative study design was used to gain insights into the lived experiences of first responders and elicit perceptions regarding barriers and facilitators for engaging in mindfulness activities.During virtual semi-structured interviews,eleven career firefighters and emergency medical service(EMS)providers offered feedback relative to worksite mindfulness practices,and the use of a stress reduction smartphone application.The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the analysis relative to barriers and facilitators of implementation success and sustainability.Results:First responders expressed openness to mindfulness-based interventions and a smartphone app that would provide stress reduction content,however,they were adamant that programming needed to be accessible and easily integrated into their workday.They also reinforced that organizational culture and leadership support for their health and well-being were overarching factors essential for implementation success.Conclusions:First responders were supportive of evidence-based mindfulness practices,optimally developed and/or facilitated by someone with intimate knowledge of their unique work environments and challenges.Organizational culture and leadership support were essential for implementation success and sustainability.展开更多
Background: Dying in childbirth is one of the most common causes of death for women. While maternal mortality rates, defined as deaths per 100,000 live births, have been steadily dropping in most countries worldwide, ...Background: Dying in childbirth is one of the most common causes of death for women. While maternal mortality rates, defined as deaths per 100,000 live births, have been steadily dropping in most countries worldwide, maternal mortality rates have doubled in the United States in the last twenty years. This commentary examines the various contributing factors to this trend. Methods: A literature review was performed using the keywords: maternal mortality, United States, disrespectful maternity care, obstetric violence, provider perspectives, and disparities. Maternal mortality statistics were obtained from the World Health Organization website. Results: Medical factors associated with maternal mortality include increased maternal age and cardiovascular conditions. Social factors include barriers to healthcare access, delays in receiving medical care, reduction in reproductive health services in some states, and non-obstetrical deaths such as accidents, domestic violence, and suicide. Racial inequities and disparities of care are reflected in higher maternal mortality rates for minorities and people of color. Disrespectful maternity care or obstetric violence has been reported worldwide as a factor in delay of lifesaving obstetrical care and reluctance by a pregnant person to access the healthcare system. About one in five US women has reported experiencing mistreatment, varying from verbal abuse to lack of privacy, from coerced procedures to neglect during childbirth. Conclusion: This commentary highlights the importance of inclusion of providers in research on respectful maternity care. Provider burnout, moral distress, limited time, and burden of clinical responsibilities are known challenges to respectful and comprehensive medical care. The association of disrespectful care with poor maternal outcomes needs to be studied. Exploring root causes of disrespectful childbirth care can empower nurses, midwives, and physicians to improve their environment and find solutions to reduce a potential cause of maternal mortality.展开更多
Cardiac rehabilitation(CR)typically consists of physical activity supplemented with lifestyle modifications,including smoking cessation,adherence to a healthful diet,stress management,medication adherence management,r...Cardiac rehabilitation(CR)typically consists of physical activity supplemented with lifestyle modifications,including smoking cessation,adherence to a healthful diet,stress management,medication adherence management,risk factor reduction,psychosocial support,and education[1].Because CR involves important changes in lifestyle and physical activity,self-management is central to successful CR[2].Proper knowledge regarding.展开更多
Through the analysis on the meanings and features as well as the ad- vantages of the third-party logistics for agricultural products, the quantization index system for the selection of third-party logistics providers ...Through the analysis on the meanings and features as well as the ad- vantages of the third-party logistics for agricultural products, the quantization index system for the selection of third-party logistics providers for agricultural products was constructed based on the system comprehensive evaluation theory. Analytic hierar- chy process （AHP） was used to determine the weight of the index system of each level, and AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to determine the selection steps for the third-party logistics providers for agricultural products. The method was proved to be scientific and reasonable through calculation examples.展开更多
Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UASs) have advanced technologically and surged exponentially over recent years. Currently, due to safety concerns, most civil operations of UAS are conducted in low-level uncontrolled area or...Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UASs) have advanced technologically and surged exponentially over recent years. Currently, due to safety concerns, most civil operations of UAS are conducted in low-level uncontrolled area or in segregated controlled airspace. As the industry progresses, both operational and technological capabilities have matured to the point where UASs are expected to gain greater freedom of access to both controlled and uncontrolled airspace. Extensive technical and regulatory surveys have been conducted to enable the expanded operations. However, most surveys are derived from the perspective of UAS own operating mechanism and barely consider interactions of their non-segregated activities with the Air Traffic Management(ATM) system. Hence, to fill the gap, this paper presents a survey conducted from the perspective of Air Navigation Service Provider(ANSP), which serves to accommodate these new entrants to the overall national airspace while continuing flight safety and efficiency. The primary objectives of this paper are to:(A) describe what typical ANSP-supplied UAS Traffic Management(UTM) architecture is required to facilitate all types of civil UAS operations;(B) identify three major ANSP considerations on how UAS can be accommodated safely in civil airspace;(C) outline future directions and challenges related with UAS operations for the ANSP.展开更多
Both conflict and asymmetric information exist betweenthe telecom operators and the service provider,and result in illegal behaviors of the service provider.The relationship between the telecom operators andthe servic...Both conflict and asymmetric information exist betweenthe telecom operators and the service provider,and result in illegal behaviors of the service provider.The relationship between the telecom operators andthe service provider is classical multi-task principalagentrelationship. The multi-task incentive for theservice provider is considered in the design of theprincipal-agent incentive contract, and it is necessaryto add the multi-task incentive to the serviceproviders through the analysis of the risk costs andthe agency costs of this problem.展开更多
Understanding the dynamic traffic and usage characteristics of data services in cellular networks is important for optimising network resources and improving user experience.Recent studies have illustrated traffic cha...Understanding the dynamic traffic and usage characteristics of data services in cellular networks is important for optimising network resources and improving user experience.Recent studies have illustrated traffic characteristics from specific perspectives,such as user behaviour,device type,and applications.In this paper,we present the results of our study from a different perspective,namely service providers,to reveal the traffic characteristics of cellular data networks.Our study is based on traffic data collected over a five-day period from a leading mobile operator's core network in China.We propose a Zipf-like model to characterise the distributions of the traffic volume,subscribers,and requests among service providers.Nine distinct diurnal traffic patterns of service providers are identified by formulating and solving a time series clustering problem.Our work differs from previous related works in that we perform measurements on a large quantity of data covering 2.2 billion traffic records,and we first explore the traffic patterns of thousands of service providers.Results of our study present mobile Internet participants with a better understanding of the traffic and usage characteristics of service providers,which play a critical role in the mobile Internet era.展开更多
This paper examines the perception of adolescents on the attitudes of providers on their access and use of reproductive health services (ARHS) in Delta State, Nigeria, with a view of assessing the impact of providers...This paper examines the perception of adolescents on the attitudes of providers on their access and use of reproductive health services (ARHS) in Delta State, Nigeria, with a view of assessing the impact of providers’ attitude on the use of adolescents’ reproductive health services in Delta State. The study adopted a survey design to collect primary data using questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs) from adolescents in a sample of schools. A sample size of 1500 respondents was taken from 12 schools in six Local Government Areas in three Senatorial Districts in Delta State, Nigeria. The locations of the schools were such that six each were in rural and urban communities respectively. The result from the study was that unfriendly attitudes of providers which keep adolescents waiting, inadequate duration of consultations, judgmental attitudes of some providers, lack of satisfactory services provision and lack of confidentiality will put off adolescents from accessing and using adolescents’ reproductive health services irrespective of their sex, age, class, religion, residence, ethnic group, parents’ education or income levels. The paper concludes that medical personnel take all these issues very seriously when dealing with adolescents to enhance access and use adolescents’ reproductive health services in Delta State and indeed Nigeria.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;"...<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortalities attributable to an infectious disease. In a private sector-driven health system such as Nigeria, the private health providers are very important stakeholders in tuberculosis diagnosis and management. Unfortunately, there are few data on the level of contribution of these private health providers to the case finding and notification of tuberculosis in Nigeria. Consequently, this study assessed the contribution of the private providers to the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis under the Global Fund Private Public Mix New Funding Model (2<sup></sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><sup>nd</sup></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> phase) grant (GF PPM NFM2) in the four implementing states of south west Nigeria. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the NFM2 programme implementation data collected between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020. Data was extracted from the routine registers such as the presumptive TB registers;treatment register of the private health facilities engaged for PPM activities between 2019 and 2020. The data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel package. The variables were summarized using appropriate charts and table. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Concerning the percentage contribution of the Global Fund Private Public Mix (GF PPM) grant to the total state TB case notification, majority of the implementing states show some progressive rise in the contribution of GF PPM to State TB case notification as the grant implementation progressed. Furthermore, at the initial period of the grant implementation, the health facilities seemed to have generate</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> majority of the cases. However, as the grant implementation progressed, the PPMVs were responsible for the diagnosis of majority of the cases. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As the grant progressed, there was a progressive increase in the number of presumptive TB cases as well as in the number of notified cases of tuberculosis attributable to private provider engagement.</span></span></span>展开更多
This paper mainly studies the problem of multi-task assignment of providers in port logistics service supply chain.As a core enterprise,port plays the role of logistics service integrator.With the continuous developme...This paper mainly studies the problem of multi-task assignment of providers in port logistics service supply chain.As a core enterprise,port plays the role of logistics service integrator.With the continuous development of industrial integration,logistics service providers not only provide one kind of logistics service,but also develop into composite suppliers who capable of providing a variety of logistics services.This paper studies the task assignment problem of multi-service capability providers in the port logistics service supply chain.The two-stage logistics service provider task assignment model was built,which is based on the mixed evaluation method(including MOORA and FMEA)and the multi-objective planning method.Eventually,the effectiveness of the model method was verified by combining with an example.展开更多
Background: Healthcare Providers’ knowledge and practice of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. PPH is a public health problem due to the high maternal mor...Background: Healthcare Providers’ knowledge and practice of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. PPH is a public health problem due to the high maternal mortality (MM) associated with it worldwide (25%). Improving the quality of PPH management is a major challenge in low-income countries where, despite the progress made in its management, PPH remains a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: We will evaluate the level of knowledge and practices of providers in the PPH management in Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: This study will be descriptive and cross-sectional. The minimum sample size will be 86. Our study population will consist of delivery room care providers. Results will be reported as percentage proportion and mean plus or minus standard deviation. Comparisons of means between groups will be made using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test. The test will be statistically significant for a p value 0.05. Data will be collected and processed anonymously and confidentially. Conclusion: Improving quality of care must be a priority in obstetrics. This evaluation requires us to determine the level of knowledge and practices of providers in the PPH management in Kinshasa.展开更多
The catalytic desulfurization of a model organic sulfurous compound n-butyl-sulfide in a fixed bed microreactor is studied in the presence of catalyst and a hydrogen provider. The experimental results show that the ap...The catalytic desulfurization of a model organic sulfurous compound n-butyl-sulfide in a fixed bed microreactor is studied in the presence of catalyst and a hydrogen provider. The experimental results show that the appropriate reaction conditions are： a mixed catalyst of HZSM-5 zeolite and Co-Mo/Al2O3-TiO2, a reaction temperature of 300℃, atmosphere pressure, a feed speed of 50 mL/h and a mass hourly space velocity of 3.0 h^-1 A higher catalytic property and desulfurization efficiency of the mixed catalyst of HZSM-5 zeolite and Co-Mo/Al2O3-TiO2 is achieved. The adsorption and desulfurization efficiency of the FCC gasoline from Shenghua Refinery, which is affiliated to China University of Petroleum （East China）, is 53.0 %.展开更多
Objective:To assess healthcare workers’knowledge of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the early phase of the outbreak in Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 hospitals in Indonesia ...Objective:To assess healthcare workers’knowledge of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the early phase of the outbreak in Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 hospitals in Indonesia from March 6 to March 25,2020.Healthcare workers’knowledge on COVID-19 was assessed,and demographic data,workplace characteristics,and medical professional characteristics as well as the current local situation of COVID-19 were collected.To characterize determinants associated with knowledge,a logistic regression analysis was employed.Results:Out of 288 healthcare workers who completed the interview-assisted questionnaire,149(51.7%)respondents had a good knowledge.Nurses and other types of healthcare workers had lower odds of having good knowledge compared to doctors:adjusted odds ratio(aO R):0.38;95%CI:0.20-0.72 and aO R:0.31;95%CI:0.13-0.73,respectively.Compared to healthcare workers who had medical practice experience less than 5 years,those who had worked for more than 10 years had lower knowledge(a OR:0.43;95%CI:0.20-0.90).Healthcare workers who worked in the infection department had higher knowledge compared to those in the emergency room(aO R:14.33;95%CI:3.67-55.88).Conclusions:The knowledge of COVID-19 among surveyed healthcare workers was relatively low.The COVID-19 response in Indonesia will require further education and enhancement of the capacity of healthcare workers in the emergency room where COVID-19 patients may be treated the earliest.展开更多
Multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)is a technique used to achieve better outcomes for some complex business-related problems,whereby the selection of the best alternative can be made in as many cases as possible.This...Multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)is a technique used to achieve better outcomes for some complex business-related problems,whereby the selection of the best alternative can be made in as many cases as possible.This paper proposes a model,the multi-criteria decision support method,that allows both service providers and consumers to maximize their profits while preserving the best matching process for resource allocation and task scheduling.The increasing number of service providers with different service provision capabilities creates an issue for consumers seeking to select the best service provider.Each consumer seeks a service provider based on various preferences,such as price,service quality,and time to complete the tasks.In the literature,the problem is viewed from different perspectives,such as investigating how to enhance task scheduling and the resource allocation process,improve consumers’trust,and deal with network problems.This paper offers a novel model that considers the preferences of both service providers and consumers to find the best available service provider for each consumer.First,the model adopts the best-worst method(BWM)to gather and prioritize tasks based on consumers’and service providers’preferences.Then,the model calculates and matches similarities between the sets of tasks from the consumer’s side with the sets of tasks from the provider’s side to select the best service provider for each consumer using the two proposed algorithms.The complexity of the two algorithms is found to be O(n3).展开更多
Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through...Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through interviewing 20 experts.The interviews were conducted face-to-face,and MAXQDA software version 10 was used to organize the data and thematic analysis.Results:The participants included 5 medical emergency technicians,5 physicians,2 Red Crescent technicians,and 8 nurses.The main influential factors of healthcare providers’resilience were limited relief infrastructure,supportive empowerment,organizational capitals,and contradictory consequences.Other important factors were resource limitation,confusion and uncertainty,empowerment training,comprehensive support,human and value capital,social capital,physical capital,suffering,disability,calm,and excellence.Conclusion:Improving healthcare providers’resilience can be achieved by reducing uncertainty,providing the physical,economic,and human resources,strengthening motivation and comprehensive supports.It is suggested that disaster managers consider all identified dimensions to improve the resilience of healthcare providers to serve better in disasters.Moreover,researchers should study each dimension to provide profound knowledge regarding resilience in disasters.展开更多
Objective: There is strong evidence supporting the impact of health care provider advice on patients’ smoking behavior. This paper examines adult smoker reports of health care provider smoking cessation interventions...Objective: There is strong evidence supporting the impact of health care provider advice on patients’ smoking behavior. This paper examines adult smoker reports of health care provider smoking cessation interventions. Design: The 2010 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey (MATS) is a random digit dial telephone survey with 7057 Minnesota adults. Both landline and mobile telephone samples were included. These samples were combined and weighted to represent the population of adults in Minnesota. Results: Among adult Minnesotans, 16.1% were current smokers, 80.9% reported seeing a health care provider in the past 12 months and 80.2% of those adults were asked if they smoke. Among smokers who saw any provider in the past 12 months, 94.4% reported they were asked about smoking and 71.8% were advised not to smoke. In contrast, 43.9% of smokers received referrals from a health care provider and among those, 37.5% were recommended medications and 24.8% were referred to a quit smoking program. Conclusion: Given the large body of evidence supporting cessation interventions by health care providers, the increase in use of electronic medical records and the availability and success of evidence-based cessation programs, efforts to improve rates of identifying and treating each tobacco user are needed. Further research is needed to explore how cessation intervention responsibilities can be shared among the clinical team and integrated into ongoing clinical care.展开更多
Studies investigating the relationship between size and performance of water service providers are abundant. Yet, this relationship has not been fully addressed in Palestinian water sector, particularly, after the iss...Studies investigating the relationship between size and performance of water service providers are abundant. Yet, this relationship has not been fully addressed in Palestinian water sector, particularly, after the issuance of water law 2014 which calls for merging water providers into large regional utilities. This research evaluates the significant effect of the size of Palestinian water service providers on non-revenue water, staff productivity, collection efficiency, average consumption, average price, operating and maintenance cost, working ratio, and gross profit. The multivariate analysis shows that there are significant differences in working ratio, non-revenue water, staff productivity, average price, and gross profit based on the size. On the other side, no significant differences have been found in average daily consumption, operating and maintenance cost per unit, and collection efficiency based on those providers’ size. The small service providers perform better in non-revenue water, staff productivity, and collection efficiency;wherein, large service providers are more profitable than small service providers. Implications of these findings by conducting further studies will add the value for better merging of the Palestinian water providers and the reforming process.展开更多
A hybrid intelligent approach is proposed to help the decision maker to select the appropriate third-party reverse logistics provider. The following process is included: firstly,the evaluation team is established to d...A hybrid intelligent approach is proposed to help the decision maker to select the appropriate third-party reverse logistics provider. The following process is included: firstly,the evaluation team is established to determine the selection criteria and evaluate them by triangular fuzzy numbers; secondly,calculate the weight of criteria by the proposed hybrid algorithm integrating particle swarm optimization( PSO) and simulated annealing( SA); then, the performance evaluation for each supplier is predicted by the proposed self-feedback neural network( SFBNN) based on the historical data. A numerical example is also presented to interpret the methodology above.展开更多
The Metro Ethernet Forum(MEF) put forward the concept of Carrier Ethernet(CE) to improve Ethernet technology and make it a transmission convergence layer solution for Next Generation Network(NGN).Provider Backbone Tra...The Metro Ethernet Forum(MEF) put forward the concept of Carrier Ethernet(CE) to improve Ethernet technology and make it a transmission convergence layer solution for Next Generation Network(NGN).Provider Backbone Transport(PBT) is the result of the enhancement and improvement of the early Ethernet technologies and it is the new version of CE implementation technology and standard which is promising.Through studying the PBT-related technologies,PBT network structure,PBT advantages as the transmission convergence layer solution and its trend of future development,it is concluded that PBT can be used as the preferred technology of the transmission convergence layer in the NGN,though there are some problems to be solved for PBT.展开更多
文摘Background:Community-based first responders face high levels of workplace stressors that can pro-foundly impact their physical and mental health.Mindfulness-based interventions have shown promise in decreasing stress and increasing psychological resilience;however,implementation is difficult due to unpredictability of the job,department culture,and generational preferences.The objective of this qualitative study was to identify and enhance understanding of the specific needs and potential barriers and facilitators for the implementation of mindfulness-based programming for community-based first responders.Methods:A phenomenological qualitative study design was used to gain insights into the lived experiences of first responders and elicit perceptions regarding barriers and facilitators for engaging in mindfulness activities.During virtual semi-structured interviews,eleven career firefighters and emergency medical service(EMS)providers offered feedback relative to worksite mindfulness practices,and the use of a stress reduction smartphone application.The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the analysis relative to barriers and facilitators of implementation success and sustainability.Results:First responders expressed openness to mindfulness-based interventions and a smartphone app that would provide stress reduction content,however,they were adamant that programming needed to be accessible and easily integrated into their workday.They also reinforced that organizational culture and leadership support for their health and well-being were overarching factors essential for implementation success.Conclusions:First responders were supportive of evidence-based mindfulness practices,optimally developed and/or facilitated by someone with intimate knowledge of their unique work environments and challenges.Organizational culture and leadership support were essential for implementation success and sustainability.
文摘Background: Dying in childbirth is one of the most common causes of death for women. While maternal mortality rates, defined as deaths per 100,000 live births, have been steadily dropping in most countries worldwide, maternal mortality rates have doubled in the United States in the last twenty years. This commentary examines the various contributing factors to this trend. Methods: A literature review was performed using the keywords: maternal mortality, United States, disrespectful maternity care, obstetric violence, provider perspectives, and disparities. Maternal mortality statistics were obtained from the World Health Organization website. Results: Medical factors associated with maternal mortality include increased maternal age and cardiovascular conditions. Social factors include barriers to healthcare access, delays in receiving medical care, reduction in reproductive health services in some states, and non-obstetrical deaths such as accidents, domestic violence, and suicide. Racial inequities and disparities of care are reflected in higher maternal mortality rates for minorities and people of color. Disrespectful maternity care or obstetric violence has been reported worldwide as a factor in delay of lifesaving obstetrical care and reluctance by a pregnant person to access the healthcare system. About one in five US women has reported experiencing mistreatment, varying from verbal abuse to lack of privacy, from coerced procedures to neglect during childbirth. Conclusion: This commentary highlights the importance of inclusion of providers in research on respectful maternity care. Provider burnout, moral distress, limited time, and burden of clinical responsibilities are known challenges to respectful and comprehensive medical care. The association of disrespectful care with poor maternal outcomes needs to be studied. Exploring root causes of disrespectful childbirth care can empower nurses, midwives, and physicians to improve their environment and find solutions to reduce a potential cause of maternal mortality.
基金supported by the Qingdao Science and Technology Benefit People Demonstration and Guidance Project(20-3-4-54-nsh)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.82370272)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2023MH337).
文摘Cardiac rehabilitation(CR)typically consists of physical activity supplemented with lifestyle modifications,including smoking cessation,adherence to a healthful diet,stress management,medication adherence management,risk factor reduction,psychosocial support,and education[1].Because CR involves important changes in lifestyle and physical activity,self-management is central to successful CR[2].Proper knowledge regarding.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2011GXNSFB018061)the High-grade Scientific Research(Cultivation)Program of Qinzhou University(2014PY-SJ03,2014PY-SJ01)~~
文摘Through the analysis on the meanings and features as well as the ad- vantages of the third-party logistics for agricultural products, the quantization index system for the selection of third-party logistics providers for agricultural products was constructed based on the system comprehensive evaluation theory. Analytic hierar- chy process （AHP） was used to determine the weight of the index system of each level, and AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to determine the selection steps for the third-party logistics providers for agricultural products. The method was proved to be scientific and reasonable through calculation examples.
基金co-supported by the Outstanding Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61822102)the MIIT Technological Base Program (No. JSZL2016601B003)the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2018YFB0505105)。
文摘Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UASs) have advanced technologically and surged exponentially over recent years. Currently, due to safety concerns, most civil operations of UAS are conducted in low-level uncontrolled area or in segregated controlled airspace. As the industry progresses, both operational and technological capabilities have matured to the point where UASs are expected to gain greater freedom of access to both controlled and uncontrolled airspace. Extensive technical and regulatory surveys have been conducted to enable the expanded operations. However, most surveys are derived from the perspective of UAS own operating mechanism and barely consider interactions of their non-segregated activities with the Air Traffic Management(ATM) system. Hence, to fill the gap, this paper presents a survey conducted from the perspective of Air Navigation Service Provider(ANSP), which serves to accommodate these new entrants to the overall national airspace while continuing flight safety and efficiency. The primary objectives of this paper are to:(A) describe what typical ANSP-supplied UAS Traffic Management(UTM) architecture is required to facilitate all types of civil UAS operations;(B) identify three major ANSP considerations on how UAS can be accommodated safely in civil airspace;(C) outline future directions and challenges related with UAS operations for the ANSP.
文摘Both conflict and asymmetric information exist betweenthe telecom operators and the service provider,and result in illegal behaviors of the service provider.The relationship between the telecom operators andthe service provider is classical multi-task principalagentrelationship. The multi-task incentive for theservice provider is considered in the design of theprincipal-agent incentive contract, and it is necessaryto add the multi-task incentive to the serviceproviders through the analysis of the risk costs andthe agency costs of this problem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61072061the 111 Project of China under Grant No.B08004the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2013RC0114
文摘Understanding the dynamic traffic and usage characteristics of data services in cellular networks is important for optimising network resources and improving user experience.Recent studies have illustrated traffic characteristics from specific perspectives,such as user behaviour,device type,and applications.In this paper,we present the results of our study from a different perspective,namely service providers,to reveal the traffic characteristics of cellular data networks.Our study is based on traffic data collected over a five-day period from a leading mobile operator's core network in China.We propose a Zipf-like model to characterise the distributions of the traffic volume,subscribers,and requests among service providers.Nine distinct diurnal traffic patterns of service providers are identified by formulating and solving a time series clustering problem.Our work differs from previous related works in that we perform measurements on a large quantity of data covering 2.2 billion traffic records,and we first explore the traffic patterns of thousands of service providers.Results of our study present mobile Internet participants with a better understanding of the traffic and usage characteristics of service providers,which play a critical role in the mobile Internet era.
文摘This paper examines the perception of adolescents on the attitudes of providers on their access and use of reproductive health services (ARHS) in Delta State, Nigeria, with a view of assessing the impact of providers’ attitude on the use of adolescents’ reproductive health services in Delta State. The study adopted a survey design to collect primary data using questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs) from adolescents in a sample of schools. A sample size of 1500 respondents was taken from 12 schools in six Local Government Areas in three Senatorial Districts in Delta State, Nigeria. The locations of the schools were such that six each were in rural and urban communities respectively. The result from the study was that unfriendly attitudes of providers which keep adolescents waiting, inadequate duration of consultations, judgmental attitudes of some providers, lack of satisfactory services provision and lack of confidentiality will put off adolescents from accessing and using adolescents’ reproductive health services irrespective of their sex, age, class, religion, residence, ethnic group, parents’ education or income levels. The paper concludes that medical personnel take all these issues very seriously when dealing with adolescents to enhance access and use adolescents’ reproductive health services in Delta State and indeed Nigeria.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortalities attributable to an infectious disease. In a private sector-driven health system such as Nigeria, the private health providers are very important stakeholders in tuberculosis diagnosis and management. Unfortunately, there are few data on the level of contribution of these private health providers to the case finding and notification of tuberculosis in Nigeria. Consequently, this study assessed the contribution of the private providers to the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis under the Global Fund Private Public Mix New Funding Model (2<sup></sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><sup>nd</sup></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> phase) grant (GF PPM NFM2) in the four implementing states of south west Nigeria. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the NFM2 programme implementation data collected between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020. Data was extracted from the routine registers such as the presumptive TB registers;treatment register of the private health facilities engaged for PPM activities between 2019 and 2020. The data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel package. The variables were summarized using appropriate charts and table. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Concerning the percentage contribution of the Global Fund Private Public Mix (GF PPM) grant to the total state TB case notification, majority of the implementing states show some progressive rise in the contribution of GF PPM to State TB case notification as the grant implementation progressed. Furthermore, at the initial period of the grant implementation, the health facilities seemed to have generate</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> majority of the cases. However, as the grant implementation progressed, the PPMVs were responsible for the diagnosis of majority of the cases. <b></b></span><b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></b></span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As the grant progressed, there was a progressive increase in the number of presumptive TB cases as well as in the number of notified cases of tuberculosis attributable to private provider engagement.</span></span></span>
文摘This paper mainly studies the problem of multi-task assignment of providers in port logistics service supply chain.As a core enterprise,port plays the role of logistics service integrator.With the continuous development of industrial integration,logistics service providers not only provide one kind of logistics service,but also develop into composite suppliers who capable of providing a variety of logistics services.This paper studies the task assignment problem of multi-service capability providers in the port logistics service supply chain.The two-stage logistics service provider task assignment model was built,which is based on the mixed evaluation method(including MOORA and FMEA)and the multi-objective planning method.Eventually,the effectiveness of the model method was verified by combining with an example.
文摘Background: Healthcare Providers’ knowledge and practice of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. PPH is a public health problem due to the high maternal mortality (MM) associated with it worldwide (25%). Improving the quality of PPH management is a major challenge in low-income countries where, despite the progress made in its management, PPH remains a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: We will evaluate the level of knowledge and practices of providers in the PPH management in Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: This study will be descriptive and cross-sectional. The minimum sample size will be 86. Our study population will consist of delivery room care providers. Results will be reported as percentage proportion and mean plus or minus standard deviation. Comparisons of means between groups will be made using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test. The test will be statistically significant for a p value 0.05. Data will be collected and processed anonymously and confidentially. Conclusion: Improving quality of care must be a priority in obstetrics. This evaluation requires us to determine the level of knowledge and practices of providers in the PPH management in Kinshasa.
文摘The catalytic desulfurization of a model organic sulfurous compound n-butyl-sulfide in a fixed bed microreactor is studied in the presence of catalyst and a hydrogen provider. The experimental results show that the appropriate reaction conditions are： a mixed catalyst of HZSM-5 zeolite and Co-Mo/Al2O3-TiO2, a reaction temperature of 300℃, atmosphere pressure, a feed speed of 50 mL/h and a mass hourly space velocity of 3.0 h^-1 A higher catalytic property and desulfurization efficiency of the mixed catalyst of HZSM-5 zeolite and Co-Mo/Al2O3-TiO2 is achieved. The adsorption and desulfurization efficiency of the FCC gasoline from Shenghua Refinery, which is affiliated to China University of Petroleum （East China）, is 53.0 %.
文摘Objective:To assess healthcare workers’knowledge of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the early phase of the outbreak in Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 hospitals in Indonesia from March 6 to March 25,2020.Healthcare workers’knowledge on COVID-19 was assessed,and demographic data,workplace characteristics,and medical professional characteristics as well as the current local situation of COVID-19 were collected.To characterize determinants associated with knowledge,a logistic regression analysis was employed.Results:Out of 288 healthcare workers who completed the interview-assisted questionnaire,149(51.7%)respondents had a good knowledge.Nurses and other types of healthcare workers had lower odds of having good knowledge compared to doctors:adjusted odds ratio(aO R):0.38;95%CI:0.20-0.72 and aO R:0.31;95%CI:0.13-0.73,respectively.Compared to healthcare workers who had medical practice experience less than 5 years,those who had worked for more than 10 years had lower knowledge(a OR:0.43;95%CI:0.20-0.90).Healthcare workers who worked in the infection department had higher knowledge compared to those in the emergency room(aO R:14.33;95%CI:3.67-55.88).Conclusions:The knowledge of COVID-19 among surveyed healthcare workers was relatively low.The COVID-19 response in Indonesia will require further education and enhancement of the capacity of healthcare workers in the emergency room where COVID-19 patients may be treated the earliest.
文摘Multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)is a technique used to achieve better outcomes for some complex business-related problems,whereby the selection of the best alternative can be made in as many cases as possible.This paper proposes a model,the multi-criteria decision support method,that allows both service providers and consumers to maximize their profits while preserving the best matching process for resource allocation and task scheduling.The increasing number of service providers with different service provision capabilities creates an issue for consumers seeking to select the best service provider.Each consumer seeks a service provider based on various preferences,such as price,service quality,and time to complete the tasks.In the literature,the problem is viewed from different perspectives,such as investigating how to enhance task scheduling and the resource allocation process,improve consumers’trust,and deal with network problems.This paper offers a novel model that considers the preferences of both service providers and consumers to find the best available service provider for each consumer.First,the model adopts the best-worst method(BWM)to gather and prioritize tasks based on consumers’and service providers’preferences.Then,the model calculates and matches similarities between the sets of tasks from the consumer’s side with the sets of tasks from the provider’s side to select the best service provider for each consumer using the two proposed algorithms.The complexity of the two algorithms is found to be O(n3).
基金financially supported by Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran.
文摘Objective:To identify the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters.Methods:In this qualitative study,the influential factors of healthcare staff resilience in disasters were investigated through interviewing 20 experts.The interviews were conducted face-to-face,and MAXQDA software version 10 was used to organize the data and thematic analysis.Results:The participants included 5 medical emergency technicians,5 physicians,2 Red Crescent technicians,and 8 nurses.The main influential factors of healthcare providers’resilience were limited relief infrastructure,supportive empowerment,organizational capitals,and contradictory consequences.Other important factors were resource limitation,confusion and uncertainty,empowerment training,comprehensive support,human and value capital,social capital,physical capital,suffering,disability,calm,and excellence.Conclusion:Improving healthcare providers’resilience can be achieved by reducing uncertainty,providing the physical,economic,and human resources,strengthening motivation and comprehensive supports.It is suggested that disaster managers consider all identified dimensions to improve the resilience of healthcare providers to serve better in disasters.Moreover,researchers should study each dimension to provide profound knowledge regarding resilience in disasters.
文摘Objective: There is strong evidence supporting the impact of health care provider advice on patients’ smoking behavior. This paper examines adult smoker reports of health care provider smoking cessation interventions. Design: The 2010 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey (MATS) is a random digit dial telephone survey with 7057 Minnesota adults. Both landline and mobile telephone samples were included. These samples were combined and weighted to represent the population of adults in Minnesota. Results: Among adult Minnesotans, 16.1% were current smokers, 80.9% reported seeing a health care provider in the past 12 months and 80.2% of those adults were asked if they smoke. Among smokers who saw any provider in the past 12 months, 94.4% reported they were asked about smoking and 71.8% were advised not to smoke. In contrast, 43.9% of smokers received referrals from a health care provider and among those, 37.5% were recommended medications and 24.8% were referred to a quit smoking program. Conclusion: Given the large body of evidence supporting cessation interventions by health care providers, the increase in use of electronic medical records and the availability and success of evidence-based cessation programs, efforts to improve rates of identifying and treating each tobacco user are needed. Further research is needed to explore how cessation intervention responsibilities can be shared among the clinical team and integrated into ongoing clinical care.
文摘Studies investigating the relationship between size and performance of water service providers are abundant. Yet, this relationship has not been fully addressed in Palestinian water sector, particularly, after the issuance of water law 2014 which calls for merging water providers into large regional utilities. This research evaluates the significant effect of the size of Palestinian water service providers on non-revenue water, staff productivity, collection efficiency, average consumption, average price, operating and maintenance cost, working ratio, and gross profit. The multivariate analysis shows that there are significant differences in working ratio, non-revenue water, staff productivity, average price, and gross profit based on the size. On the other side, no significant differences have been found in average daily consumption, operating and maintenance cost per unit, and collection efficiency based on those providers’ size. The small service providers perform better in non-revenue water, staff productivity, and collection efficiency;wherein, large service providers are more profitable than small service providers. Implications of these findings by conducting further studies will add the value for better merging of the Palestinian water providers and the reforming process.
基金Project of the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,China(No.12DZ1510000)
文摘A hybrid intelligent approach is proposed to help the decision maker to select the appropriate third-party reverse logistics provider. The following process is included: firstly,the evaluation team is established to determine the selection criteria and evaluate them by triangular fuzzy numbers; secondly,calculate the weight of criteria by the proposed hybrid algorithm integrating particle swarm optimization( PSO) and simulated annealing( SA); then, the performance evaluation for each supplier is predicted by the proposed self-feedback neural network( SFBNN) based on the historical data. A numerical example is also presented to interpret the methodology above.
文摘The Metro Ethernet Forum(MEF) put forward the concept of Carrier Ethernet(CE) to improve Ethernet technology and make it a transmission convergence layer solution for Next Generation Network(NGN).Provider Backbone Transport(PBT) is the result of the enhancement and improvement of the early Ethernet technologies and it is the new version of CE implementation technology and standard which is promising.Through studying the PBT-related technologies,PBT network structure,PBT advantages as the transmission convergence layer solution and its trend of future development,it is concluded that PBT can be used as the preferred technology of the transmission convergence layer in the NGN,though there are some problems to be solved for PBT.
