Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)in the treatment of≥40 mm protruding colorectal tumors.Methods:Sixty-five patients with colorectal tumors who underwent surgic...Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)in the treatment of≥40 mm protruding colorectal tumors.Methods:Sixty-five patients with colorectal tumors who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Anorectal Surgery of a hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected and grouped according to the type of surgery,with 33 cases of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)patients included in the control group,and 32 cases of ESD patients included in the observation group.The surgical characteristics,adverse events,as well as the fasting time,postoperative hospital stay,and hospital costs of the two groups were compared.Results:The whole resection rate of the control group and the observation group was 100%and 69.70%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage,delayed hemorrhage,and perforation adverse events in the observation group,and the intraoperative hemorrhage rate of the control group was 9.09%,the delayed hemorrhage rate was 6.06%,and the perforation rate was 3.03%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);postoperative fasting time in the control group and observation group was 1.13±0.32 d vs 1.22±0.33 d,postoperative hospital stay was 4.1±1.3 d vs 4.6±1.5 d,and total hospitalization cost was 9,639.8±1,303.5 yuan vs 9,978.6±1,506.8 yuan,with statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of≥40 mm protruding colorectal tumors is precise,with a high rate of whole resection,which can significantly reduce the risk of intraoperative bleeding,delayed bleeding,perforation,and other adverse events.展开更多
Objective： The diagnoses of patients with duodenal protruding lesions are difficult when using conventional examinations such as computed tomography （CT） and conventional endoscope etc. Thus, we investigated the cl...Objective： The diagnoses of patients with duodenal protruding lesions are difficult when using conventional examinations such as computed tomography （CT） and conventional endoscope etc. Thus, we investigated the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography （PUS） with miniature ultrasonic probes on the diagnosis and treatment of duodenal protruding lesions. Methods： Patients with duodenal protruding lesions who were indicated for PUS were examined by PUS with 12-15 MHz miniature ultrasonic probes and double-cavity electronic endoscope. According to diagnosis of PUS, those patients were indicated for biopsy and treatment received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision. The postoperative histological results were compared with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS. Those patients without endoscopic resection or surgical excision were periodically followed up with PUS. Results： A total of 169 patients with duodenal protruding lesions were examined by PUS, of which 40 were diagnosed with cysts, 36 with inflammatory protruding or polyp, 25 with Brunner＇s gland adenoma, 19 with ectopic pancreas, 17 with gastrointestinal stromal tumor, 12 with extrinsic compression, 12 with minor papilla, 6 with lipoma, 1 with adenocarcinoma and 1 with lymphoma. After PUS examinations, 75 patients received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision respectively. The postoperative histological results of 70 patients were completely consistent with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS, with 93.33% diagnostic accuracy. The results of follow-up with PUS indicated that duodenal cyst, Brunner＇s gland adenoma, ectopic pancreas, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and lipoma remained unchanged within 1-3 years. No related complications occurred among all patients that received PUS examinations. Conclusion： PUS is an effective and reliable diagnostic method for duodenal protruding lesions.展开更多
The influence of high temperature effects on the protrusion of Mach stem in strong shock reflection over a wedge was numerically investigated. A two-dimensional inviscid solver applies finite volume method and unstruc...The influence of high temperature effects on the protrusion of Mach stem in strong shock reflection over a wedge was numerically investigated. A two-dimensional inviscid solver applies finite volume method and unstructured quadrilateral grids were employed to simulate the flow. Theoretical analysis was also conducted to understand the phenomenon. Both numerical and theoretical results indicate a wall-jet penetrating forward is responsible for the occurrence of Mach stem protrusion. The protrusion degree seems to depend on the thermal energy buffer capacity of the testing gas. Approaches to increase the energy buffer capacity, such as vibrational relaxation, molecular dissociation, and increase of frozen heat caoacitv, all tend to escalate the orotrusion effect.展开更多
CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) is a highly efficient abrasive and has unique properties (highhardness, high thermal stability and high chemical inertia). As early as 1969 CBN Wheels had al-ready been made and showed excell...CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) is a highly efficient abrasive and has unique properties (highhardness, high thermal stability and high chemical inertia). As early as 1969 CBN Wheels had al-ready been made and showed excellent performance for grainding high speed steels and othermaterials hard to be ground. So far, however, CBN Wheels are still not popularly utilized in theindustry, the writer considers the main reason being the inadequate study for practical applica-tions and especially the suitable dressing technique. The dressing of resinoid CBN Wheels discussed in the paper, is different from that ofconventional ones. It has to be divided into two operations, truing and sharpening, each of whichhas its specific and independent functions. A simple dressing method with a lot of informationsuitable for production is studied; finally, the grain height protruding from the bond is taken asan index for evaluating the dressing results, and the effect of grain height on the grinding per-formance is discussed. By selecting proper conditions according to the workpiece requirements, abetter technical and economical benifit can be obtained.展开更多
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of miniprobe ultrasonography (MPS) in the protruding lesions of esophagus. Methods Sixty-two patients with protruding lesions of esophagus were examined with MPS. Results ...Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of miniprobe ultrasonography (MPS) in the protruding lesions of esophagus. Methods Sixty-two patients with protruding lesions of esophagus were examined with MPS. Results The MPS examination showed diseases of esophageal polyp, inflammatory protruding, esophageal leiomyoma, esophageal leiomyosarcoma, esophageal venous aneurysm, esophageal lipoma, esophageal cyst, esophageal carcinoma, and extra esophageal compression including aorta compression, lung tumor compression and spina compression. Fourteen patients were verified by surgical operations and pathological examinations, resulting in 92.86% (13/14) diagnosis accuracy rate. Forty-eight cases had results of gastroscope examination consistent with that of MPS. Twelve cases had results of CT and MRI examination consistent with that of MPS. Follow-up was completed on 22 patients. Conclusion Besides imaging the esophageal layer, MPS can precisely locate the histological layer of the esophageal protruding lesions and predict their characters. This indicates its value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the protruding lesions of esophagus. Furthermore, the miniature probe used in MPS examination can pass the structured esophagus, enabling wider application of the examination.展开更多
To explore the possibility of using solid-liquid phase change cooling to those periodically or intermit-tently operated electronic equipment, a detail of experimeatal study of time-dependent melting heattransfer in a ...To explore the possibility of using solid-liquid phase change cooling to those periodically or intermit-tently operated electronic equipment, a detail of experimeatal study of time-dependent melting heattransfer in a rectangular encforure with three discrete protruding heat sources is presented. A seriesof experimntal measurement in an enclosure with phase change materials (PCM) of n-octadecaneheated by three discrete Protruding heat sources at a constant rate on one of its vertical wall has beendescribed. The opposite wall of the enclosure is cooled at a constant temperature and all other wallsof the enclosure are insulated. The time-dependent solid-liquid shapes of the interface during meltingprocess, the variation of surface temperature and the effects of subcooling are investigated. An empirical correlation predicting the relationship between tbe liquid phase fraction and subcooling is given.展开更多
This work aims to numerically study the melting natural convection in a rectangular enclosure heated by three discreet protruding electronic chips. The beat sources generate heat at a constant and uniform volumetric r...This work aims to numerically study the melting natural convection in a rectangular enclosure heated by three discreet protruding electronic chips. The beat sources generate heat at a constant and uniform volumetric rate. A part of the power generated in the heat sources is dissipated to a phase change material （PCM, n-eicosane with melting temperature, Tm = 36℃）. Numerical investigations were carded out in order to examine the effects of the plate thickness on the maximum temperature of electronic components, the percentage contribution of plate heat conduction on the total removed heat and temperature profiles in the plate. Con＇elations for the dimensionless secured working time （time to reach the threshold temperature, Tcr = 75℃） and the corresponding liquid fraction were derived.展开更多
When applying the comprehensive judgment model in making policies, we find that its protruding property is quite essential. Without this protruding property, policy-making be comes impossible and even contradictions e...When applying the comprehensive judgment model in making policies, we find that its protruding property is quite essential. Without this protruding property, policy-making be comes impossible and even contradictions emerge. this paper deals the protruding property and its influence on the comprehensive judgment, gives the full conditions for producing the protruding property and improves the model of the comprehensive judgment from the theory and the application.展开更多
A new algorithm is proposed to determine the actual length and the number of the protruding fibres of yarn based on a combination of image acquisition technology. First, a yarn hairiness image is obtained by the serie...A new algorithm is proposed to determine the actual length and the number of the protruding fibres of yarn based on a combination of image acquisition technology. First, a yarn hairiness image is obtained by the series of image processing procedures that include grayscale transformation,skew correction,yarn binary image acquisition and yarn core binary image obtaining. Then,the hairiness is realized in single pixel width by the usage of thinning algorithm. Finally, a baseline of yarn core margin is obtained,and pixels that match 8-neighbor template correctly are found by row scanning in a certain area. From this,these pixels are judged and the real crossover points of yarn core margin and hairiness,i. e.,the starting points of hairiness,are gained. The real length of the protruding fibres is calculated by tracking hairiness from the starting point constantly.展开更多
Although smoothness, softness, and stiffness determine the physical and mechanical behavior of a fabric and the subjective assessment of quality when it is handled, the perceived comfort of clothing is more important ...Although smoothness, softness, and stiffness determine the physical and mechanical behavior of a fabric and the subjective assessment of quality when it is handled, the perceived comfort of clothing is more important to consumers. The sensations perceived from the contact of clothing with the skin can greatly influence our over-all state of comfort and one aspect of this is the unpleasant skin sensation of prickle. Surface prickle of fabrics can be a factor limiting the use of the coarser types of ramie in apparel. And the mechanical stimulus of fabric-evoked prickle underlies our discomfort to fabrics independent in the majority of cases of any chemical or the atopic status of the individual. It is known that the prickle of fabric can be reduced by fabric-finishing treatments, but the assessment of fabric prickle is often done subjectively. This is time consuming, and it is difficult to obtain reliable and reproducible results, since variability between subjects in their sensitivity to prickle, such as skin mechanical properties, effective density of nociceptors and the mood state of the individual. In order to find an objective method of measuring the physical properties of the stiff fiber ends protruding from the fabrics to predict prickle, axial compression bending tests were examined by using single ramie fiber. By comparing analysis, it is found that the critical compressing load (Pcr), the bending modulus (E) are the important parameters. The relationship of the critical load (Pcr) with the length of fiber (L) and the fineness of fiber (Nt) has been investigated.展开更多
To improve the efficiency of fetching and transplanting seedlings for the mechanization of strawberry planting,an integrated transplanting mechanism was designed with protruding,fetching and planting performance to ac...To improve the efficiency of fetching and transplanting seedlings for the mechanization of strawberry planting,an integrated transplanting mechanism was designed with protruding,fetching and planting performance to achieve rapid fetching and pushing bowl movements.According to the working principle of the slewing mechanism,a kinematics model and the optimization goal were established,respectively.Based on visual auxiliary analysis software,optimal parameters were obtained.A three-dimensional model was established to obtain a simulation trajectory by means of a virtual simulation design analysis.Three-dimensional printing technology was used to manufacture the test prototype,and the actual working trajectories of the test prototype were extracted using high-speed photography technology,which verified the consistency of the actual trajectory with the theoretical and simulated trajectories.A prototype transplanting experiment was performed with the success rate of seedling extraction of 91.2%and excellent planting rate of 82.8%,which met the requirements for integrated strawberry harvesting,planting and transplanting.The experimental results verified the correctness and feasibility of the design of integrated transplanting mechanism.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the rate of adverse events(AEs)during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers.METHODS Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps≥5 mm using hot snare were ...AIM To evaluate the rate of adverse events(AEs)during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers.METHODS Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps≥5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included.Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases.AEs were defined and graded according to the lexicon recommended by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Patients were followed for 48 h,one week and 1 mo after theprocedure.RESULTS308 patients were included and a single polypectomy was performed in 205.Only 36(11.7%)were on prior anticoagulant therapy.Mean polyp size was 15±8.9 mm(5-60)and in 294 cases(95.4%)were located in the stomach.Hemorrhage prophylaxis was performed in 219(71.1%)patients.Nine patients presented AEs(2.9%),and 6 of them were bleeding(n=6,1.9%)(in 5 out of 6 AE,different types of endoscopic treatment were performed).Other 24 hemorrhagic episodes could be managed without any change in the outcome of the endoscopy and,consequently,were considered incidents.We did not find any independent risk factor of bleeding.CONCLUSION Gastroduodenal polypectomy using prophylactic measures has a rate of AEs small enough to consider this procedure a safe and effective method for polyp resection independently of the polyp size and location.展开更多
Current seasonal influenza vaccines confer only limited coverage of virus strains due to the frequent genetic and antigenic variability of influenza virus(IV).Epitope vaccines that accurately target conserved domains ...Current seasonal influenza vaccines confer only limited coverage of virus strains due to the frequent genetic and antigenic variability of influenza virus(IV).Epitope vaccines that accurately target conserved domains provide a promising approach to increase the breadth of protection;however,poor immunogenicity greatly hinders their application.The protruding(P)domain of the norovirus(NoV),which can self-assemble into a 24-mer particle called the NoV P particle,offers an ideal antigen presentation platform.In this study,a multiepitope nanovaccine displaying influenza epitopes(HMN-PP)was constructed based on the NoV P particle nanoplatform.Large amounts of HMN-PP were easily expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form.Animal experiments showed that the adjuvanted HMN-PP nanovaccine induced epitope-specific antibodies and haemagglutinin(HA)-specific neutralizing antibodies,the antibodies could persist for at least three months after the last immunization.Furthermore,HMN-PP induced matrix protein 2 extracellular domain(M2e)-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity,CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T-cell responses,a nucleoprotein(NP)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)response.These results indicated that the combination of a multiepitope vaccine and self-assembled NoV P particles may be an ideal and effective vaccine strategy for highly variable viruses such as IV and SARS-CoV-2.展开更多
基金Clinical Study on Endoscopic Resection of Colorectal Submucosal Tumors Using Underwater Combined with Metal Clip-Assisted Snare,China(Grant No.2441ZF271)。
文摘Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)in the treatment of≥40 mm protruding colorectal tumors.Methods:Sixty-five patients with colorectal tumors who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Anorectal Surgery of a hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected and grouped according to the type of surgery,with 33 cases of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)patients included in the control group,and 32 cases of ESD patients included in the observation group.The surgical characteristics,adverse events,as well as the fasting time,postoperative hospital stay,and hospital costs of the two groups were compared.Results:The whole resection rate of the control group and the observation group was 100%and 69.70%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage,delayed hemorrhage,and perforation adverse events in the observation group,and the intraoperative hemorrhage rate of the control group was 9.09%,the delayed hemorrhage rate was 6.06%,and the perforation rate was 3.03%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);postoperative fasting time in the control group and observation group was 1.13±0.32 d vs 1.22±0.33 d,postoperative hospital stay was 4.1±1.3 d vs 4.6±1.5 d,and total hospitalization cost was 9,639.8±1,303.5 yuan vs 9,978.6±1,506.8 yuan,with statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of≥40 mm protruding colorectal tumors is precise,with a high rate of whole resection,which can significantly reduce the risk of intraoperative bleeding,delayed bleeding,perforation,and other adverse events.
基金Project (No. 491010-W10495) supported by the Scientific ResearchFoundation of Medicine and Health of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘Objective： The diagnoses of patients with duodenal protruding lesions are difficult when using conventional examinations such as computed tomography （CT） and conventional endoscope etc. Thus, we investigated the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography （PUS） with miniature ultrasonic probes on the diagnosis and treatment of duodenal protruding lesions. Methods： Patients with duodenal protruding lesions who were indicated for PUS were examined by PUS with 12-15 MHz miniature ultrasonic probes and double-cavity electronic endoscope. According to diagnosis of PUS, those patients were indicated for biopsy and treatment received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision. The postoperative histological results were compared with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS. Those patients without endoscopic resection or surgical excision were periodically followed up with PUS. Results： A total of 169 patients with duodenal protruding lesions were examined by PUS, of which 40 were diagnosed with cysts, 36 with inflammatory protruding or polyp, 25 with Brunner＇s gland adenoma, 19 with ectopic pancreas, 17 with gastrointestinal stromal tumor, 12 with extrinsic compression, 12 with minor papilla, 6 with lipoma, 1 with adenocarcinoma and 1 with lymphoma. After PUS examinations, 75 patients received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision respectively. The postoperative histological results of 70 patients were completely consistent with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS, with 93.33% diagnostic accuracy. The results of follow-up with PUS indicated that duodenal cyst, Brunner＇s gland adenoma, ectopic pancreas, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and lipoma remained unchanged within 1-3 years. No related complications occurred among all patients that received PUS examinations. Conclusion： PUS is an effective and reliable diagnostic method for duodenal protruding lesions.
文摘The influence of high temperature effects on the protrusion of Mach stem in strong shock reflection over a wedge was numerically investigated. A two-dimensional inviscid solver applies finite volume method and unstructured quadrilateral grids were employed to simulate the flow. Theoretical analysis was also conducted to understand the phenomenon. Both numerical and theoretical results indicate a wall-jet penetrating forward is responsible for the occurrence of Mach stem protrusion. The protrusion degree seems to depend on the thermal energy buffer capacity of the testing gas. Approaches to increase the energy buffer capacity, such as vibrational relaxation, molecular dissociation, and increase of frozen heat caoacitv, all tend to escalate the orotrusion effect.
文摘CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) is a highly efficient abrasive and has unique properties (highhardness, high thermal stability and high chemical inertia). As early as 1969 CBN Wheels had al-ready been made and showed excellent performance for grainding high speed steels and othermaterials hard to be ground. So far, however, CBN Wheels are still not popularly utilized in theindustry, the writer considers the main reason being the inadequate study for practical applica-tions and especially the suitable dressing technique. The dressing of resinoid CBN Wheels discussed in the paper, is different from that ofconventional ones. It has to be divided into two operations, truing and sharpening, each of whichhas its specific and independent functions. A simple dressing method with a lot of informationsuitable for production is studied; finally, the grain height protruding from the bond is taken asan index for evaluating the dressing results, and the effect of grain height on the grinding per-formance is discussed. By selecting proper conditions according to the workpiece requirements, abetter technical and economical benifit can be obtained.
文摘Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of miniprobe ultrasonography (MPS) in the protruding lesions of esophagus. Methods Sixty-two patients with protruding lesions of esophagus were examined with MPS. Results The MPS examination showed diseases of esophageal polyp, inflammatory protruding, esophageal leiomyoma, esophageal leiomyosarcoma, esophageal venous aneurysm, esophageal lipoma, esophageal cyst, esophageal carcinoma, and extra esophageal compression including aorta compression, lung tumor compression and spina compression. Fourteen patients were verified by surgical operations and pathological examinations, resulting in 92.86% (13/14) diagnosis accuracy rate. Forty-eight cases had results of gastroscope examination consistent with that of MPS. Twelve cases had results of CT and MRI examination consistent with that of MPS. Follow-up was completed on 22 patients. Conclusion Besides imaging the esophageal layer, MPS can precisely locate the histological layer of the esophageal protruding lesions and predict their characters. This indicates its value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the protruding lesions of esophagus. Furthermore, the miniature probe used in MPS examination can pass the structured esophagus, enabling wider application of the examination.
文摘To explore the possibility of using solid-liquid phase change cooling to those periodically or intermit-tently operated electronic equipment, a detail of experimeatal study of time-dependent melting heattransfer in a rectangular encforure with three discrete protruding heat sources is presented. A seriesof experimntal measurement in an enclosure with phase change materials (PCM) of n-octadecaneheated by three discrete Protruding heat sources at a constant rate on one of its vertical wall has beendescribed. The opposite wall of the enclosure is cooled at a constant temperature and all other wallsof the enclosure are insulated. The time-dependent solid-liquid shapes of the interface during meltingprocess, the variation of surface temperature and the effects of subcooling are investigated. An empirical correlation predicting the relationship between tbe liquid phase fraction and subcooling is given.
文摘This work aims to numerically study the melting natural convection in a rectangular enclosure heated by three discreet protruding electronic chips. The beat sources generate heat at a constant and uniform volumetric rate. A part of the power generated in the heat sources is dissipated to a phase change material （PCM, n-eicosane with melting temperature, Tm = 36℃）. Numerical investigations were carded out in order to examine the effects of the plate thickness on the maximum temperature of electronic components, the percentage contribution of plate heat conduction on the total removed heat and temperature profiles in the plate. Con＇elations for the dimensionless secured working time （time to reach the threshold temperature, Tcr = 75℃） and the corresponding liquid fraction were derived.
文摘When applying the comprehensive judgment model in making policies, we find that its protruding property is quite essential. Without this protruding property, policy-making be comes impossible and even contradictions emerge. this paper deals the protruding property and its influence on the comprehensive judgment, gives the full conditions for producing the protruding property and improves the model of the comprehensive judgment from the theory and the application.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61301276)Xi’an Polytechnic University Young Scholar Backbone Supporting Plan,ChinaDiscipline Construction Funds of Xi’an Polytechnic University,China(No.107090811)
文摘A new algorithm is proposed to determine the actual length and the number of the protruding fibres of yarn based on a combination of image acquisition technology. First, a yarn hairiness image is obtained by the series of image processing procedures that include grayscale transformation,skew correction,yarn binary image acquisition and yarn core binary image obtaining. Then,the hairiness is realized in single pixel width by the usage of thinning algorithm. Finally, a baseline of yarn core margin is obtained,and pixels that match 8-neighbor template correctly are found by row scanning in a certain area. From this,these pixels are judged and the real crossover points of yarn core margin and hairiness,i. e.,the starting points of hairiness,are gained. The real length of the protruding fibres is calculated by tracking hairiness from the starting point constantly.
文摘Although smoothness, softness, and stiffness determine the physical and mechanical behavior of a fabric and the subjective assessment of quality when it is handled, the perceived comfort of clothing is more important to consumers. The sensations perceived from the contact of clothing with the skin can greatly influence our over-all state of comfort and one aspect of this is the unpleasant skin sensation of prickle. Surface prickle of fabrics can be a factor limiting the use of the coarser types of ramie in apparel. And the mechanical stimulus of fabric-evoked prickle underlies our discomfort to fabrics independent in the majority of cases of any chemical or the atopic status of the individual. It is known that the prickle of fabric can be reduced by fabric-finishing treatments, but the assessment of fabric prickle is often done subjectively. This is time consuming, and it is difficult to obtain reliable and reproducible results, since variability between subjects in their sensitivity to prickle, such as skin mechanical properties, effective density of nociceptors and the mood state of the individual. In order to find an objective method of measuring the physical properties of the stiff fiber ends protruding from the fabrics to predict prickle, axial compression bending tests were examined by using single ramie fiber. By comparing analysis, it is found that the critical compressing load (Pcr), the bending modulus (E) are the important parameters. The relationship of the critical load (Pcr) with the length of fiber (L) and the fineness of fiber (Nt) has been investigated.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund Project(52005221)"the 13th Five-Year"National Key Research and Development Program:High-speed Planting Technology and Equipment Research and Development(2017YFD0700800)。
文摘To improve the efficiency of fetching and transplanting seedlings for the mechanization of strawberry planting,an integrated transplanting mechanism was designed with protruding,fetching and planting performance to achieve rapid fetching and pushing bowl movements.According to the working principle of the slewing mechanism,a kinematics model and the optimization goal were established,respectively.Based on visual auxiliary analysis software,optimal parameters were obtained.A three-dimensional model was established to obtain a simulation trajectory by means of a virtual simulation design analysis.Three-dimensional printing technology was used to manufacture the test prototype,and the actual working trajectories of the test prototype were extracted using high-speed photography technology,which verified the consistency of the actual trajectory with the theoretical and simulated trajectories.A prototype transplanting experiment was performed with the success rate of seedling extraction of 91.2%and excellent planting rate of 82.8%,which met the requirements for integrated strawberry harvesting,planting and transplanting.The experimental results verified the correctness and feasibility of the design of integrated transplanting mechanism.
文摘AIM To evaluate the rate of adverse events(AEs)during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers.METHODS Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps≥5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included.Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases.AEs were defined and graded according to the lexicon recommended by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Patients were followed for 48 h,one week and 1 mo after theprocedure.RESULTS308 patients were included and a single polypectomy was performed in 205.Only 36(11.7%)were on prior anticoagulant therapy.Mean polyp size was 15±8.9 mm(5-60)and in 294 cases(95.4%)were located in the stomach.Hemorrhage prophylaxis was performed in 219(71.1%)patients.Nine patients presented AEs(2.9%),and 6 of them were bleeding(n=6,1.9%)(in 5 out of 6 AE,different types of endoscopic treatment were performed).Other 24 hemorrhagic episodes could be managed without any change in the outcome of the endoscopy and,consequently,were considered incidents.We did not find any independent risk factor of bleeding.CONCLUSION Gastroduodenal polypectomy using prophylactic measures has a rate of AEs small enough to consider this procedure a safe and effective method for polyp resection independently of the polyp size and location.
基金the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos.20220204008YY and 20210204197YY)Changchun Science and Technology Bureau(No.21ZY15).
文摘Current seasonal influenza vaccines confer only limited coverage of virus strains due to the frequent genetic and antigenic variability of influenza virus(IV).Epitope vaccines that accurately target conserved domains provide a promising approach to increase the breadth of protection;however,poor immunogenicity greatly hinders their application.The protruding(P)domain of the norovirus(NoV),which can self-assemble into a 24-mer particle called the NoV P particle,offers an ideal antigen presentation platform.In this study,a multiepitope nanovaccine displaying influenza epitopes(HMN-PP)was constructed based on the NoV P particle nanoplatform.Large amounts of HMN-PP were easily expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form.Animal experiments showed that the adjuvanted HMN-PP nanovaccine induced epitope-specific antibodies and haemagglutinin(HA)-specific neutralizing antibodies,the antibodies could persist for at least three months after the last immunization.Furthermore,HMN-PP induced matrix protein 2 extracellular domain(M2e)-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity,CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T-cell responses,a nucleoprotein(NP)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)response.These results indicated that the combination of a multiepitope vaccine and self-assembled NoV P particles may be an ideal and effective vaccine strategy for highly variable viruses such as IV and SARS-CoV-2.
