Objectives:The goal of this study was to determine several beneficial and antinutritional compounds in the commercial products of some protein-rich crops.Materials and Methods:Samples of faba bean(Vicia faba),lupin(Lu...Objectives:The goal of this study was to determine several beneficial and antinutritional compounds in the commercial products of some protein-rich crops.Materials and Methods:Samples of faba bean(Vicia faba),lupin(Lupinus angustifolius),rapeseed press cake(Brassica rapa/napus subsp.Oleifera),flaxseed(Linum usitatissimum),oil hemp seed(Cannabis sativa),buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum),and quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa)were purchased from the grocery stores and from the producers.The phytochemicals were analyzed using various validated methods.Results:Rape seed press cake contained the highest contents of phenolics.The highest contents of proanthocyanidins were found in faba bean(470±14 mg/100g DW).Secoisolariciresinol-diglucoside content in the flaxseeds was 138±32 mg/100 g DW and the lignanamide content of hemp seeds was 77±22 mg/100 g DW.The content of phytic acid in rapeseed cake,hemp seed and flaxseed samples was 3.9±0.1,3.5±0.2,and 1.9±0 g/100 g DW,respectively.Rape seed cake contained glucosinolates 2.08±0.74 umol/g DW and faba bean contained vicine and convicine 0.77±0.11 and 0.42±0.02 g/100 g DW,respectively.Quinoa contained saponins 557 mg/100 g DW and after abrasive milling/pearling the content was 36 mg/100 g DW.Generally,the phytochemicals were concentrated in the outer shell of the seed.Inhibitory activities against proteolytic enzymes,trypsin andα-chymotrypsin,varied among the samples analyzed.Highest activity was found in buckwheat samples,whereas lupin and rapeseed press cake had no inhibitory activity against tested enzymes.Conclusions:This paper presented new findings on the contents of phytochemicals in various under-used plant protein sources.展开更多
Wasted tofu rich in protein was subject to hydrothermal pretreatment(HTPT)under different conditions(at 120,140,160 and 180℃;for 0,30,60 and 90 min)followed by biochemical methane potential(BMP)tests,and 140℃and 0 m...Wasted tofu rich in protein was subject to hydrothermal pretreatment(HTPT)under different conditions(at 120,140,160 and 180℃;for 0,30,60 and 90 min)followed by biochemical methane potential(BMP)tests,and 140℃and 0 min were found to be respectively the best temperature and duration for HTPT of tofu in terms of its biogas production.Under the under the optimal conditions(140℃,0 min)the accumulative methane yield reached up to 510.9 mL⋅(gVS)-1,which was 26.98%higher than that without HTPT(402.3 mL⋅(gVS)-1).The start-up process of continuous anerobic digestion(AD)of the tofu before and after hydrothermal treated(HT)at the optimal HTPT conditions(140℃,0 min)was examined,to investigate and compare how their consequent AD responded to HTPT.It was found that,for start-up of continuous AD,the HT tofu delivered more balanced nutrients and thus led to more stable AD and quicker biogas production.Unavoidably,HTPT generated products refractory to biodegradation,to slightly decrease the total biogas production.During AD of HT tofu some weak ammonia-tolerant microbes,such as methylotrophic methanogens,survived and played indispensable roles.Analyses of living microbial community structure indicated that,some hydrolytic acidification bacteria intolerant to ammonia nitrogen(such as Proteobacteria)were always active and appeared at high proportion.The viable methylotrophic methanogens,e.g.RumEn M2,took obvious responsibilities in start-up of the AD for HT tofu.展开更多
目的探究脓毒症并发心肌病患者血清α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、富含半胱氨酸蛋白61(CYR61)和焦孔素D(GSDMD)水平检测对临床诊断及预后评估的价值。方法选取2020年5月~2023年12月于包头市中心医院进行诊治的244例脓毒症患者作为研究对...目的探究脓毒症并发心肌病患者血清α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、富含半胱氨酸蛋白61(CYR61)和焦孔素D(GSDMD)水平检测对临床诊断及预后评估的价值。方法选取2020年5月~2023年12月于包头市中心医院进行诊治的244例脓毒症患者作为研究对象,根据其是否并发心肌病分为研究组(并发心肌病,n=106)和对照组(未并发心肌病,n=138)。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD水平;采用Pearson和Spearman法分析α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与收缩压、舒张压、左心室射血分数(LVEF)以及急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)的相关性;通过多因素Logistic回归分析影响脓毒症并发心肌病的因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线用于评估α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断价值以及预后预测的有效性。结果与对照组比较,研究组血清α-HBDH(278.35±18.89ng/ml vs 253.47±12.75ng/ml),CYR61(18.23±4.14mg/L vs 14.48±2.67mg/L),GSDMD(12.39±3.28mg/L vs 9.46±2.17mg/L)水平升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=12.261,8.572,8.377,均P<0.05);死亡组患者α-HBDH(291.93±19.22ng/ml),CYR61(20.33±3.43mg/L),GSDMD(14.01±3.09mg/L)水平较生存组(268.71±13.09ng/ml,16.74±2.88mg/L,11.24±2.55mg/L)患者更高,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.402,5.839,5.044,均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与收缩压、舒张压,LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.631~-0.422,均P<0.05);α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(r=0.531,0.507,0.611,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析得知收缩压、舒张压、LVEF是影响脓毒症并发心肌病的保护因素(Waldχ^(2)=6.823,7.986,10.875,均P<0.05);α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD是影响脓毒症并发心肌病的危险因素(Waldχ^(2)=9.376,6.849,7.435,均P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD联合检测对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断效果优于各项单独检测(Z=2.369,2.454,2.573);对脓毒症并发心肌病进行预后预测的效果更优(Z=2.352,2.468,2.581),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论脓毒症并发心肌病患者血清α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD水平上升,且与预后相关。三者联合检测对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断以及预后预测价值更高。展开更多
基金the Strategic Research Program(SRC)Academy of Finland(grant number 293045,project name is Novel protein Sources for Food Security).
文摘Objectives:The goal of this study was to determine several beneficial and antinutritional compounds in the commercial products of some protein-rich crops.Materials and Methods:Samples of faba bean(Vicia faba),lupin(Lupinus angustifolius),rapeseed press cake(Brassica rapa/napus subsp.Oleifera),flaxseed(Linum usitatissimum),oil hemp seed(Cannabis sativa),buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum),and quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa)were purchased from the grocery stores and from the producers.The phytochemicals were analyzed using various validated methods.Results:Rape seed press cake contained the highest contents of phenolics.The highest contents of proanthocyanidins were found in faba bean(470±14 mg/100g DW).Secoisolariciresinol-diglucoside content in the flaxseeds was 138±32 mg/100 g DW and the lignanamide content of hemp seeds was 77±22 mg/100 g DW.The content of phytic acid in rapeseed cake,hemp seed and flaxseed samples was 3.9±0.1,3.5±0.2,and 1.9±0 g/100 g DW,respectively.Rape seed cake contained glucosinolates 2.08±0.74 umol/g DW and faba bean contained vicine and convicine 0.77±0.11 and 0.42±0.02 g/100 g DW,respectively.Quinoa contained saponins 557 mg/100 g DW and after abrasive milling/pearling the content was 36 mg/100 g DW.Generally,the phytochemicals were concentrated in the outer shell of the seed.Inhibitory activities against proteolytic enzymes,trypsin andα-chymotrypsin,varied among the samples analyzed.Highest activity was found in buckwheat samples,whereas lupin and rapeseed press cake had no inhibitory activity against tested enzymes.Conclusions:This paper presented new findings on the contents of phytochemicals in various under-used plant protein sources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.21976181).
文摘Wasted tofu rich in protein was subject to hydrothermal pretreatment(HTPT)under different conditions(at 120,140,160 and 180℃;for 0,30,60 and 90 min)followed by biochemical methane potential(BMP)tests,and 140℃and 0 min were found to be respectively the best temperature and duration for HTPT of tofu in terms of its biogas production.Under the under the optimal conditions(140℃,0 min)the accumulative methane yield reached up to 510.9 mL⋅(gVS)-1,which was 26.98%higher than that without HTPT(402.3 mL⋅(gVS)-1).The start-up process of continuous anerobic digestion(AD)of the tofu before and after hydrothermal treated(HT)at the optimal HTPT conditions(140℃,0 min)was examined,to investigate and compare how their consequent AD responded to HTPT.It was found that,for start-up of continuous AD,the HT tofu delivered more balanced nutrients and thus led to more stable AD and quicker biogas production.Unavoidably,HTPT generated products refractory to biodegradation,to slightly decrease the total biogas production.During AD of HT tofu some weak ammonia-tolerant microbes,such as methylotrophic methanogens,survived and played indispensable roles.Analyses of living microbial community structure indicated that,some hydrolytic acidification bacteria intolerant to ammonia nitrogen(such as Proteobacteria)were always active and appeared at high proportion.The viable methylotrophic methanogens,e.g.RumEn M2,took obvious responsibilities in start-up of the AD for HT tofu.
文摘目的探究脓毒症并发心肌病患者血清α-羟基丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)、富含半胱氨酸蛋白61(CYR61)和焦孔素D(GSDMD)水平检测对临床诊断及预后评估的价值。方法选取2020年5月~2023年12月于包头市中心医院进行诊治的244例脓毒症患者作为研究对象,根据其是否并发心肌病分为研究组(并发心肌病,n=106)和对照组(未并发心肌病,n=138)。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD水平;采用Pearson和Spearman法分析α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与收缩压、舒张压、左心室射血分数(LVEF)以及急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)的相关性;通过多因素Logistic回归分析影响脓毒症并发心肌病的因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线用于评估α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断价值以及预后预测的有效性。结果与对照组比较,研究组血清α-HBDH(278.35±18.89ng/ml vs 253.47±12.75ng/ml),CYR61(18.23±4.14mg/L vs 14.48±2.67mg/L),GSDMD(12.39±3.28mg/L vs 9.46±2.17mg/L)水平升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=12.261,8.572,8.377,均P<0.05);死亡组患者α-HBDH(291.93±19.22ng/ml),CYR61(20.33±3.43mg/L),GSDMD(14.01±3.09mg/L)水平较生存组(268.71±13.09ng/ml,16.74±2.88mg/L,11.24±2.55mg/L)患者更高,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.402,5.839,5.044,均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与收缩压、舒张压,LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.631~-0.422,均P<0.05);α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(r=0.531,0.507,0.611,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析得知收缩压、舒张压、LVEF是影响脓毒症并发心肌病的保护因素(Waldχ^(2)=6.823,7.986,10.875,均P<0.05);α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD是影响脓毒症并发心肌病的危险因素(Waldχ^(2)=9.376,6.849,7.435,均P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,α-HBDH,CYR61和GSDMD联合检测对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断效果优于各项单独检测(Z=2.369,2.454,2.573);对脓毒症并发心肌病进行预后预测的效果更优(Z=2.352,2.468,2.581),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论脓毒症并发心肌病患者血清α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD水平上升,且与预后相关。三者联合检测对脓毒症并发心肌病的诊断以及预后预测价值更高。
