The head-on collision process between ship and concrete pile supported protective system is simulated by software LS-DYNA. The influences of pile non-linearity and soil non-linearity on impact force, ship crush depth ...The head-on collision process between ship and concrete pile supported protective system is simulated by software LS-DYNA. The influences of pile non-linearity and soil non-linearity on impact force, ship crush depth and the cap displacement of pile supported protective system are discussed. It's shown that for both severe impact case and non-severe impact case, the non-linearity of pile material influence the impact force history, ship crush depth. The non-linearity of pile material and soil has remarkable influence on the cap displacement especially for severe impact case. These issues should not be ignored in the analysis of pile supported protective system subjected to ship impact.展开更多
Desert-oasis ecotones are boundary areas between oases and desert ecosystems.Large efforts to control sediment and stabilize these boundaries depend on understanding sedimentary processes,especially aeolian transport ...Desert-oasis ecotones are boundary areas between oases and desert ecosystems.Large efforts to control sediment and stabilize these boundaries depend on understanding sedimentary processes,especially aeolian transport and deposition.Previous studies on aeolian sediment deposition have focused primarily on a single land surface type or a single engineering approach.Few studies have considered deposition in a multi-layer oasis protective system.A complete oasis protective system consists of an outer bare sand area,a sand barrier zone,a shrub and herbaceous plant zone,and a farmland shelter zone.This study used sedimentary analysis to quantify grain-size characteristics in samples from the four land surfaces under different types of weather conditions in the Gelintan oasis of the Tengger Desert,the fourth largest desert in China.The results showed that aeolian sediment deposition decreased from the outer bare sand area through the oasis protective system and into the interior.The four land surface types showed significant differences in deposition volume(P<0.05).Deposited sediment showed gradual decrease in dominant grain-size from sand to silt,but sediment deposited during dust weather contained a larger coarse-grained fraction.From the outer desert to the inner oasis,transport mechanisms shifted from saltation(sand)to suspension(silt and smaller)in non-dust weather.During dust weather,deposition primarily occurs from near-surface aeolian sand transport with saltation.Sediment sorting decreased from exterior to interior zones of the protective system while skewness and kurtosis showed no significant change(P<0.05).These results can help inform strategies for stabilizing and protecting desert-oasis ecotones in this region and other localities.展开更多
Wind and sand control are important factors in combating desertification and protecting oases.An oasis protective system can provide these benefits,but quantitative research on protection effects has been lacking to d...Wind and sand control are important factors in combating desertification and protecting oases.An oasis protective system can provide these benefits,but quantitative research on protection effects has been lacking to date.This research describes an oasis protective system in the southeastern border of the Tengger Desert.The system consists of a sand barrier belt,a shrub and herbaceous plant belt,and a farmland shelter belt.The system was compared to a bare dunes area as the control zone.The study investigated windproof effect,sediment transport,and erosion through field observations.Results showed that the roughness of the shrub and herbaceous plant belt,farmland shelter belt,and sand barrier belt were increased compared with bare dunes.The shrub and herbaceous plant belt provided the highest windproof effect values for the same wind velocity measurement height,and the windproof effect values for different protective belts were as follows:shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt>sand barrier belt.The sand barrier belt provided effective wind and sand control at heights from 0 to 50 cm above the ground.The total sediment transport for each protective belt is as follows:bare dunes>sand barrier belt>shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt.The sediment transport decreased exponentially as the height increased.In the bare dunes and protective systems,the sediment transport is mainly within 30 cm of the ground surface.The wind erosion intensity for this protective system was as follows:bare dunes>sand barrier belt>shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt.This research offers quantitative evidence for how oasis protective systems can effectively intercept sand and prevent erosion in oases.The results of this study can be applied in similar regions.展开更多
The authors have studied the effects of Pyrroioguinloine quinone (PQQ) on superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ascorbid acid(AsA) peroxidase (AsAPOD), glutathion (GSH) and electrolytic leakage of cotyledon in cucumber seedling...The authors have studied the effects of Pyrroioguinloine quinone (PQQ) on superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ascorbid acid(AsA) peroxidase (AsAPOD), glutathion (GSH) and electrolytic leakage of cotyledon in cucumber seedling under low temperature stress, meanwhile, 8-hydroquinone (8-HQ) and AsA (activeoxiygen scavengers) have been made use of in comparison with PQQ. The results indicate that the activities of SOD, AsAPOD and content of GSH can be increased by PQQ. The relative conductivity of cotyledon in cucumber seedling is decreased for PQQ possesses the ability of cleaning up free redical of oxygen. We came to the conclusion that PQQ can act as a kind of active oxygen scavenger and adjust the metabolism on free radical of oxygen to balance in plants and enhance resistance finally in plants.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between ...Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between January 2024 and January 2025, involving 60 healthcare workers who were randomly assigned to groups. The control group (n = 30) received conventional occupational protective nursing care, while the observation group underwent multidimensional protective nursing interventions. Results: Following intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores than the control group in knowledge of hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, occupational exposure risk perception, and protective skill operation (p < 0.05). Emergency response capability scores and protective behavior implementation scores were also higher in the observation group (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited higher occupational health satisfaction rates and lower occupational exposure incidence rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Multidimensional protective nursing interventions effectively enhance dental healthcare personnel’s awareness and protective capabilities regarding hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, improve compliance with protective measures, and significantly reduce occupational exposure risks. This approach warrants promotion and application in occupational protective nursing interventions within dental departments.展开更多
Objective Frailty is becoming increasingly common among aging adults.Frailty transitionis shaped by biological,social,psychological,and environmental factors.This study investigated combined effects of protective fact...Objective Frailty is becoming increasingly common among aging adults.Frailty transitionis shaped by biological,social,psychological,and environmental factors.This study investigated combined effects of protective factors on frailty transition by constructing a Protection Index(PI)to guide targeted interventions.Methods Data were extracted from the 4th Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban and Rural China,including baseline(2017)and follow-up(2019)surveys.Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index(FI),whereas the PI measured protective factors.Frailty transitions over 2 years were analyzed prospectively.Pearson’s correlation examined the relationship between FI and PI,and logistic regression assessed the effects of PI on frailty transitions.Results This study included 9,093 older adults.FI values increased with age and were higher in women,whereas PI values decreased with age and were higher in men.Over 2 years,56.2%of the participants showed a stable frailty status,14.2%improved,and 29.6%worsened.Negative transitions were more common than positive transitions,with transitions occurring most frequently between adjacent states.The PI was moderately negatively correlated with the FI(r=−0.349,P<0.001).A higher PI was associated with a lower risk of negative transitions among robust and prefrail individuals(OR=0.989,0.981,both P<0.05),but showed no significant effect among those with existing frailty.Conclusion Negative frailty transitions were more common with advancing age.Enhancing PI may help prevent negative frailty transitions among robust and pre-frail older adults,underscoring the value of early interventions.展开更多
Lithium metal is a promising anode material for high-energy-density batteries;however,its practical applications are significantly hindered by unstable lithium deposition and dendrite growth at the solid electrolyte i...Lithium metal is a promising anode material for high-energy-density batteries;however,its practical applications are significantly hindered by unstable lithium deposition and dendrite growth at the solid electrolyte interface.Functional protective coatings on lithium metal surfaces offer a viable solution to these challenges.Herein,an innovative adaptive protective layer for lithium metal anodes based on a thiourea H-bonded supramolecular polymer is developed for the first time.With dense thiourea H-bonding,the lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(Li TFSI)incorporated poly(ether-thiourea)protective layer shows strong adhesion to the lithium metal surface and good adaptive properties.The unique viscoelastic and flow characteristics of the poly(ether-thiourea)coating facilitate uniform Li⁺flux,effectively suppressing dendrite formation at the solid electrolyte interface.Furthermore,this innovative polymer integrates in situ generated compounds,such as Li3N and Li_(2)O,significantly enhancing interfacial stability.A comprehensive analysis involving X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray tomography,and COMSOL simulations elucidates the beneficial effects of the adaptive coating.Enhanced performances in Li||Cu,Li||Li,Li||LiFePO_(4),and Li||S cells demonstrate the effectiveness of the poly(ether-thiourea)coating and its undeniable capability to improve lithium deposition and cycling stability.This study highlights a promising new candidate for developing supramolecular materials capable of stabilizing lithium metal anodes.展开更多
The formation of Zn dendrites and the occurrence of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)at Zn anodes represent two major obstacles that significantly impede the widespread commercialization of aqueous Zn-ion batteries...The formation of Zn dendrites and the occurrence of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)at Zn anodes represent two major obstacles that significantly impede the widespread commercialization of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.In this work,we propose sorbitan oleate(Span 80)as a novel amphiphilic electrolyte additive for 2 mol/L ZnSO_(4),demonstrating multifunctional performance.The unique ultra-long hydrophobic carbon chains of Span 80 effectively reduce free water molecules at the Zn anode-electrolyte interface,forming a robust hydrophobic interfacial layer that significantly suppresses HER and corrosion reactions.Simultaneously,carbon chains can enhance the desolvation effect of[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+),leading to improve rate performance.Additionally,the hydrophilic sorbitan groups in Span 80 selectively adsorb onto active sites of the Zn anode,promoting uniform Zn^(2+)deposition and suppressing dendrite growth.The optimized Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits outstanding cycling stability,sustaining reversible plating/stripping for 570 h at 50 mA/cm^(2) and the Zn||V_(2)O_(5) full cell retains exceptional stability over 2000 cycles at 1 A/g.Our work presents a promising strategy for suppressing interfacial side reactions by constructing a hydrophobic protective layer through the use of ultra-long carbon chain surfactants.This approach offers new insights into enhancing the performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the implementation effectiveness of standardized protective care procedures during hydrofluoric acid procedures in the dental department.Methods:This study was conducted from June 2023 to June 20...Objective:To evaluate the implementation effectiveness of standardized protective care procedures during hydrofluoric acid procedures in the dental department.Methods:This study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2025,selecting 90 patients who underwent hydrofluoric acid-related treatments in the outpatient dental department of this hospital during this period as subjects.Forty-five patients treated between June 2023 and June 2024 received conventional protective care(pre-intervention group),while 45 patients treated between June 2024 and June 2025 underwent the standardized protective care protocol(post-intervention group).Thirteen healthcare personnel participated in both pre-and post-intervention treatment phases.Based on the different nursing models,indicators such as the incidence of adverse events in patients and the exposure rate of healthcare personnel before and after implementation were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the nursing intervention.Results:The incidence of oral mucosal irritation reactions in patients was lower after implementation,p<0.05.Compared with the pre-implementation period,the incidence of procedure-related adverse events decreased after implementation,p<0.05.There was a significant difference in the occupational exposure rate of healthcare personnel before and after implementation,with a higher rate observed before implementation(p<0.05).Post-implementation,healthcare personnel achieved higher compliance scores for pre-procedure preparation,intra-procedure protection,and post-procedure handling(p<0.05).Patient satisfaction with treatment was lower pre-implementation than post-implementation(p<0.05).Conclusion:Adherence to standardized protective care procedures during hydrofluoric acid operations by dental department staff in outpatient settings standardizes practitioner techniques,effectively prevents oral mucosal irritation in patients,reduces occupational exposure risks for staff,minimizes adverse procedural events,and consequently enhances patient treatment satisfaction.This demonstrates significant practical value.展开更多
BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chin...BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chinese medicine formulation,has demonstrated cardioprotective potential in preclinical studies,but clinical evidence in this population remains limited.AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Guanxinning against antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients.METHODS A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 120 psychiatric inpatients receiving chronic antipsychotic therapy.Participants were allocated to:Intervention group:Conventional antipsychotics+Guanxinning tablets(0.38 g×4 tablets,ter in die);Control group:Conventional antipsychotics+identical placebo;Cardiac assessments at baseline and 12 months included:Electrocardiography(corrected QT interval),echocardiography(left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter),serum biomarkers(cardiac troponin I,B-type natriuretic peptide,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).RESULTS Compared to controls,the Guanxinning group showed:Electrophysiological improvement:Corrected QT shortening(438±25 milliseconds vs 465±30 milliseconds,P<0.01).Functional enhancement:Left ventricular ejection fraction increase(58.5%±5.2%vs 53.8%±4.8%,P<0.05),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter reduction(49.8±3.5 mm vs 52.6±3.8 mm,P<0.05),Biochemical modulation:Reduced myocardial injury markers(cardiac troponin I:0.009 ng/mL vs 0.014 ng/mL;B-type natriuretic peptide:52 pg/mL vs 78 pg/mL,P<0.001),improved oxidative stress(superoxide dismutase:↑13.3 U/mL;malondialdehyde:↓0.9 nmol/mL,P<0.001),attenuated inflammation(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein:2.0 mg/L vs 3.2 mg/L,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Guanxinning significantly mitigates antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in psychiatric patients,demonstrating:Normalization of electrophysiological parameters,Preservation of systolic/diastolic function,suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.These findings support its clinical application as an adjunctive cardioprotective therapy,potentially through inhibition of myocardial apoptosis and antioxidant upregulation.展开更多
The field of neurodegeneration research has long been focused on finding therapeutic strategies to effectively decrease or halt neuronal loss while minimizing side effects.A recent study titled“Inhibiting acute,axona...The field of neurodegeneration research has long been focused on finding therapeutic strategies to effectively decrease or halt neuronal loss while minimizing side effects.A recent study titled“Inhibiting acute,axonal DLK palmitoylation is neuroprotective and avoids deleterious effects of cell-wide DLK inhibition”(Zhang et al.,2025),describes an innovative approach to achieve this goal.The authors target a specific post-translational modification of dual leucine-zipper kinase(DLK),palmitoylation,to selectively inhibit DLK-dependent pro-degenerative signaling and protect neurons,thereby revealing a new way to intervene and block neurodegeneration.This Perspective aims to explore the significance of these findings and propose directions for future research.展开更多
This article examines the intelligent forest sentry system in the Mount Tai Scenic Area, analyzing its applications, accomplishments, and significance in forest fire prevention. It highlights the system's critical...This article examines the intelligent forest sentry system in the Mount Tai Scenic Area, analyzing its applications, accomplishments, and significance in forest fire prevention. It highlights the system's critical role in enhancing comprehensive forest fire prevention and control capabilities, accelerating emergency response times, and safeguarding the heritage resources of Mount Tai. Furthermore, the system is evolving into a "Smart Forest and Grassland Resources Supervision Platform" that integrates forest fire early warning, ecological environment monitoring, and pest and disease management to promote the sustainable development of forest resources.展开更多
Hypervelocity rocket sled systems are critical for testing advanced military technologies,yet track damage at speeds exceeding Mach 5 remains a significant challenge for system reliability and performance.In this stud...Hypervelocity rocket sled systems are critical for testing advanced military technologies,yet track damage at speeds exceeding Mach 5 remains a significant challenge for system reliability and performance.In this study,we investigated the hypervelocity impact response and protection for highstrength U71 Mn or bainitic steel used in rocket sled tracks.Flyer plate impact experiments using a two-stage light-gas gun were conducted to study the hypervelocity collision response,followed by the microstructural characterization via optical microscope,scanning electron microscopy equipped with electron backscatter diffraction to reveal underlying damage mechanisms.Then,the calibrated thermalmechanical coupled finite element simulations using the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and MieGrüneisen equation of state were carried out.Results indicated that bainitic steel exhibits superior impact resistance with predominantly smooth scratch-dominated damage due to its higher ductility.In contrast,U71 Mn suffered significant material spallation and crack propagation arising from brittle fracture mechanisms.Zinc-rich epoxy primer coatings effectively mitigated stress concentration and temperature rise in the substrate at impacting velocities below 2.4 km/s,so as to suppress the microstructural damage such as adiabatic shear bands and dynamic recrystallization.However,coating protection diminished at ultra-high-speed impacts due to the coating failure.Dimensional analysis established quantitative relationships of the gouge damage size to projectile mass,impact velocity,and material yield strength.This study provides in-depth insights into damage mechanisms in hypervelocity rail systems,demonstrating that bainitic steel combined with protective coatings can significantly enhance impact resistance and system reliability,offering valuable guidance for the design and optimization of hypervelocity testing platforms.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） infection on leaf anatomical structure and protective enzyme system of tomato. [Method] The anatomical structure of infected and h...[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） infection on leaf anatomical structure and protective enzyme system of tomato. [Method] The anatomical structure of infected and healthy leaves of tomato were observed and compared by using paraffin section method. The activity changes of SOD, POD and CAT in the infected leaves of tomato were determined. [ Result] The results revealed that there were some differences in anatomical structure between healthy and infected leaves. Some cells of infected leaves were damaged so that the leaves curled and became yellow, which affected the normal function of organs. Compared with control, enzyme activities in the tomato plants infected by TYLCV were enhanced at the early periods and higher than that in control, then started to decline at the middle and late periods but lower than that in control.[ Conclusion] After infection by TYLCV, the leaf anatomical structure of tomato was changed greatly and the protective enzyme system was damaged severely, and affected the normal physJological metabolic functions of tissues and organs in tomato in further.展开更多
The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-i...The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-instar larvae of American white moth (Hyphantria cunea (Drury)) for determination of the activities of the protective enzyme system inside larvae’s body. The physiological and biochemical effects of the transgenic poplars on the larvae were studied. The results showed that the two kinds of transgenic poplars had similar effects on the protective enzyme system in the midgut of larvae. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in midgut of the larvae increased gradually, reached the highest value at a certain time, and then decreased suddenly. For the larvae that were fed with the leaves of Bt transgenic poplar, the peak value of superoxide dismutase and catalase presented at the time of 24-h feeding, while the peak of peroxidase took place at the time of 12-h feeding. The activities of these protective enzymes for the larvae that were fed with leaves of CpTI transgenic poplar peaked 12 h later than that of those fed with leaves of Bt transgenic poplar. The comparison of activities of the protective enzymes was also carried out between the larvae with different levels of intoxication. It was found that the activities of protective enzyme of the seriously intoxicant larvae were higher than that of the lightly intoxicant larvae. This difference was more obvious in the group treated with CpTI transgenic poplar.展开更多
With the increasing demand for secure infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations,chemical plants,and energy storage systems,the need for protective structures capable of withstanding close-in detonations has b...With the increasing demand for secure infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations,chemical plants,and energy storage systems,the need for protective structures capable of withstanding close-in detonations has become more critical.Existing design guidelines for protective walls(e.g.,UFC 3-340-02)primarily address mid-and far-field explosions,providing limited insights into near-field effects.Considering the effect of slight slopes(<40°)on reducing maximum reflected overpressure is deemed negligible.This study investigated the effectiveness of a reinforced concrete(RC)modular protection system(MPS)incorpo rating a diagonally tapered wall in attenuating re flected overpressures from closein detonations.Full-scale field experiments using a 51.3 kg TNT charge,representing the explosion energy of a typical hydrogen vessel rupture,demonstrated that a wall with a 7°slope significantly outperformed a vertical wall of equivalent concrete volume in terms of blast resistance.Observed structural responses included cracking,horizontal shear failure,and overturning.Complementary simulations using a validated computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model showed that the tapered wall reduced peak overpressure by 30%-40%compared to an equivalent vertical wall.This result highlights the potential of minor geometric modifications to enhance blast resilience.The tapered design effectively redirects incident blast waves,reducing localized damage while also conserving material,thus preserving modular benefits such as ease of transport and reusability.These findings suggest that diagonally tapered RC-based MPSs can offer a practical and resilient solution for industrial and military applications subject to near-field or sequential blast threats.展开更多
With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce ...With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce casualties and maintain military combat effectiveness,is widely developed.This paper systematically reviewed various PPE based on individual combat through literature research and comprehensive discussion,and introduced in detail the latest application progress of PPE in terms of material and technology from three aspects:individual integrated protection system,traditional protection equipment,and intelligent protection equipment,respectively,and discussed in depth the functional improvement and optimization status brought by advanced technology for PPE,focusing on the achievements of individual equipment technology application.Finally,the problems and technical bottlenecks in the development of PPE were analyzed and summarized,and the development trend of PPE were pointed out.The results of the review will provide a forward-looking reference for the current development of individual PPE,and are important guidance for the design and technological innovation of advanced equipment based on the future technological battlefield.展开更多
Protection distance of surge protective devices (SPDs) is an important problem in designing a good location scheme of SPDs in low voltage distribution systems for protecting electrical equipments against over- voltage...Protection distance of surge protective devices (SPDs) is an important problem in designing a good location scheme of SPDs in low voltage distribution systems for protecting electrical equipments against over- voltage caused by lightning stroke. The simplified lumped-parameter circuit model and the circuit method were used to study the protection distance problem of SPDs. The analytical solutions of the load voltage and general equations of the protection distance of SPDs under different load conditions were given. Simulation results of examples proved the validity of the proposed analytical method.展开更多
In traditional framework,mandatory access control(MAC) system and malicious software are run in kernel mode. Malicious software can stop MAC systems to be started and make it do invalid. This problem cannot be solved ...In traditional framework,mandatory access control(MAC) system and malicious software are run in kernel mode. Malicious software can stop MAC systems to be started and make it do invalid. This problem cannot be solved under the traditional framework if the operating system(OS) is comprised since malwares are running in ring 0 level. In this paper,we propose a novel way to use hypervisors to protect kernel integrity and the access control system in commodity operating systems. We separate the access control system into three parts: policy management(PM),security server(SS) and policy enforcement(PE). Policy management and the security server reside in the security domain to protect them against malware and the isolation feather of the hypervisor can protect them from attacks. We add an access vector cache(AVC) between SS and PE in the vip OS,in order to speed up communication between the vip OS and the security domain. The policy enforcement module is retained in the vip OS for performance. The security of AVC and PE can be ensured by using a memory protection mechanism. The goal of protecting the OS kernel is to ensure the security of the execution path. We implementthe system by a modified Xen hypervisor. The result shows that we can secure the security of the access control system in the vip OS with no overhead compared with modules in the latter. Our system offers a centralized security policy for virtual domains in virtual machine environments.Keywords: hypervisor; virtualization; memo-展开更多
Social disconnectedness in combination with depression, somatic disease, stigma, social exclusion and functional impairment has been described as a major risk factor for suicide in old age. However, protective factors...Social disconnectedness in combination with depression, somatic disease, stigma, social exclusion and functional impairment has been described as a major risk factor for suicide in old age. However, protective factors have not been focused on in the same way. The aim was to identify psychosocial risk and protective factors in suicidal older persons. A systematic review was performed in Academic Search Premier (34), Ovid Medline (0), PsycInfo (0), PubMed (66), CINAHL (3) and ProQuest (1078) for the period May - September, 2014. Results: Twelve studies were included in the final analysis. Psychosocial risk factors were categorized under four themes: Being a burden to others increases depression and hopelessness, the struggle due to poor social integration, the strain of physical illness and old age and Negative aspects of religious activity. A total of four protective factors emerged: a sense of belonging, maintaining social dignity, satisfaction with relationships and feeling useful and positive aspects of religious activity. In conclusion, the context of a suicidal older person in a home healthcare service may create a “vulnerable psychosocial state” in which she/he is confronted by stressful psychosocial life events including physical illness and social network changes. The fact that protective factors are solely related to social factors needs to be taken into account in future prevention studies.展开更多
文摘The head-on collision process between ship and concrete pile supported protective system is simulated by software LS-DYNA. The influences of pile non-linearity and soil non-linearity on impact force, ship crush depth and the cap displacement of pile supported protective system are discussed. It's shown that for both severe impact case and non-severe impact case, the non-linearity of pile material influence the impact force history, ship crush depth. The non-linearity of pile material and soil has remarkable influence on the cap displacement especially for severe impact case. These issues should not be ignored in the analysis of pile supported protective system subjected to ship impact.
基金sponsored as a sub-project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China-Desertification Land Management and Sand Industry Technology Research and Development and Demonstration in Inner Mongolia Desertification Area,named Key Techniques and Demonstration of Sand Damage Control in Oasis and Saline-alkali Lake(2016YFC0501003)a sub-project of the National Key Research and Development Program of Study on Restoration and Protection of Typical Fragile Ecology,named Study and Demonstration of Sand-fixing and Wind-breaking Techniques of Cyperus Esculentus L.in North Wind-blown Sand Region(2019YFC0507600)。
文摘Desert-oasis ecotones are boundary areas between oases and desert ecosystems.Large efforts to control sediment and stabilize these boundaries depend on understanding sedimentary processes,especially aeolian transport and deposition.Previous studies on aeolian sediment deposition have focused primarily on a single land surface type or a single engineering approach.Few studies have considered deposition in a multi-layer oasis protective system.A complete oasis protective system consists of an outer bare sand area,a sand barrier zone,a shrub and herbaceous plant zone,and a farmland shelter zone.This study used sedimentary analysis to quantify grain-size characteristics in samples from the four land surfaces under different types of weather conditions in the Gelintan oasis of the Tengger Desert,the fourth largest desert in China.The results showed that aeolian sediment deposition decreased from the outer bare sand area through the oasis protective system and into the interior.The four land surface types showed significant differences in deposition volume(P<0.05).Deposited sediment showed gradual decrease in dominant grain-size from sand to silt,but sediment deposited during dust weather contained a larger coarse-grained fraction.From the outer desert to the inner oasis,transport mechanisms shifted from saltation(sand)to suspension(silt and smaller)in non-dust weather.During dust weather,deposition primarily occurs from near-surface aeolian sand transport with saltation.Sediment sorting decreased from exterior to interior zones of the protective system while skewness and kurtosis showed no significant change(P<0.05).These results can help inform strategies for stabilizing and protecting desert-oasis ecotones in this region and other localities.
基金sponsored as a sub-project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China-Desertification Land Management and Sand Industry Technology Research and Development and Demonstration in Inner Mongolia Desertification Area,named Key Techniques and Demonstration of Sand Damage Control in Oasis and Saline-alkali Lake(2016YFC0501003)Central Government’s Special Fund for Guiding Local Science and Technology Development:Inner Mongolia Desertification Control and Innovation Research Center
文摘Wind and sand control are important factors in combating desertification and protecting oases.An oasis protective system can provide these benefits,but quantitative research on protection effects has been lacking to date.This research describes an oasis protective system in the southeastern border of the Tengger Desert.The system consists of a sand barrier belt,a shrub and herbaceous plant belt,and a farmland shelter belt.The system was compared to a bare dunes area as the control zone.The study investigated windproof effect,sediment transport,and erosion through field observations.Results showed that the roughness of the shrub and herbaceous plant belt,farmland shelter belt,and sand barrier belt were increased compared with bare dunes.The shrub and herbaceous plant belt provided the highest windproof effect values for the same wind velocity measurement height,and the windproof effect values for different protective belts were as follows:shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt>sand barrier belt.The sand barrier belt provided effective wind and sand control at heights from 0 to 50 cm above the ground.The total sediment transport for each protective belt is as follows:bare dunes>sand barrier belt>shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt.The sediment transport decreased exponentially as the height increased.In the bare dunes and protective systems,the sediment transport is mainly within 30 cm of the ground surface.The wind erosion intensity for this protective system was as follows:bare dunes>sand barrier belt>shrub and herbaceous plant belt>farmland shelter belt.This research offers quantitative evidence for how oasis protective systems can effectively intercept sand and prevent erosion in oases.The results of this study can be applied in similar regions.
文摘The authors have studied the effects of Pyrroioguinloine quinone (PQQ) on superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ascorbid acid(AsA) peroxidase (AsAPOD), glutathion (GSH) and electrolytic leakage of cotyledon in cucumber seedling under low temperature stress, meanwhile, 8-hydroquinone (8-HQ) and AsA (activeoxiygen scavengers) have been made use of in comparison with PQQ. The results indicate that the activities of SOD, AsAPOD and content of GSH can be increased by PQQ. The relative conductivity of cotyledon in cucumber seedling is decreased for PQQ possesses the ability of cleaning up free redical of oxygen. We came to the conclusion that PQQ can act as a kind of active oxygen scavenger and adjust the metabolism on free radical of oxygen to balance in plants and enhance resistance finally in plants.
基金Construction of Standardized Protective Nursing Plan for Hydrofluoric Acid Operations in Dentistry and Research on Injury Prevention Effects(Project No.:FZ2025101)。
文摘Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between January 2024 and January 2025, involving 60 healthcare workers who were randomly assigned to groups. The control group (n = 30) received conventional occupational protective nursing care, while the observation group underwent multidimensional protective nursing interventions. Results: Following intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores than the control group in knowledge of hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, occupational exposure risk perception, and protective skill operation (p < 0.05). Emergency response capability scores and protective behavior implementation scores were also higher in the observation group (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited higher occupational health satisfaction rates and lower occupational exposure incidence rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Multidimensional protective nursing interventions effectively enhance dental healthcare personnel’s awareness and protective capabilities regarding hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, improve compliance with protective measures, and significantly reduce occupational exposure risks. This approach warrants promotion and application in occupational protective nursing interventions within dental departments.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China[Grant Nos.2020YFC2003000 and 2020YFC2003001]the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(BJ-2023-074 and BJ-2023-018)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission“AI+Health Collaborative Innovation Cultivation”Project(Z221100003522015)the Non-Profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2021-JKCS-024).
文摘Objective Frailty is becoming increasingly common among aging adults.Frailty transitionis shaped by biological,social,psychological,and environmental factors.This study investigated combined effects of protective factors on frailty transition by constructing a Protection Index(PI)to guide targeted interventions.Methods Data were extracted from the 4th Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban and Rural China,including baseline(2017)and follow-up(2019)surveys.Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index(FI),whereas the PI measured protective factors.Frailty transitions over 2 years were analyzed prospectively.Pearson’s correlation examined the relationship between FI and PI,and logistic regression assessed the effects of PI on frailty transitions.Results This study included 9,093 older adults.FI values increased with age and were higher in women,whereas PI values decreased with age and were higher in men.Over 2 years,56.2%of the participants showed a stable frailty status,14.2%improved,and 29.6%worsened.Negative transitions were more common than positive transitions,with transitions occurring most frequently between adjacent states.The PI was moderately negatively correlated with the FI(r=−0.349,P<0.001).A higher PI was associated with a lower risk of negative transitions among robust and prefrail individuals(OR=0.989,0.981,both P<0.05),but showed no significant effect among those with existing frailty.Conclusion Negative frailty transitions were more common with advancing age.Enhancing PI may help prevent negative frailty transitions among robust and pre-frail older adults,underscoring the value of early interventions.
基金Yongsheng Zhang(CSC no.202106050027),Xiaolong He(CSC no.202106340039),Yinyu Xiang(CSC no.201806950083)acknowledge the financial support from the Chinese Scholarship Council(CSC)the Advanced Materials Research program of the Zernike Institute under the Bonus Incentive Scheme of the Dutch Ministry for Education,Culture and Science(OCW)the Battery NL-Next Generation Battery based on Understanding Materials Interfaces project(with project number NWA 1389.20.089)of the NWA research program“Research on Routes by Consortia(ORC)”funded by the Dutch Research Council(NWO)。
文摘Lithium metal is a promising anode material for high-energy-density batteries;however,its practical applications are significantly hindered by unstable lithium deposition and dendrite growth at the solid electrolyte interface.Functional protective coatings on lithium metal surfaces offer a viable solution to these challenges.Herein,an innovative adaptive protective layer for lithium metal anodes based on a thiourea H-bonded supramolecular polymer is developed for the first time.With dense thiourea H-bonding,the lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(Li TFSI)incorporated poly(ether-thiourea)protective layer shows strong adhesion to the lithium metal surface and good adaptive properties.The unique viscoelastic and flow characteristics of the poly(ether-thiourea)coating facilitate uniform Li⁺flux,effectively suppressing dendrite formation at the solid electrolyte interface.Furthermore,this innovative polymer integrates in situ generated compounds,such as Li3N and Li_(2)O,significantly enhancing interfacial stability.A comprehensive analysis involving X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray tomography,and COMSOL simulations elucidates the beneficial effects of the adaptive coating.Enhanced performances in Li||Cu,Li||Li,Li||LiFePO_(4),and Li||S cells demonstrate the effectiveness of the poly(ether-thiourea)coating and its undeniable capability to improve lithium deposition and cycling stability.This study highlights a promising new candidate for developing supramolecular materials capable of stabilizing lithium metal anodes.
基金supported by the financial support from the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023B1515120095)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52471229 and 52171210)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Department Program(No.20240101004JJ).
文摘The formation of Zn dendrites and the occurrence of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)at Zn anodes represent two major obstacles that significantly impede the widespread commercialization of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.In this work,we propose sorbitan oleate(Span 80)as a novel amphiphilic electrolyte additive for 2 mol/L ZnSO_(4),demonstrating multifunctional performance.The unique ultra-long hydrophobic carbon chains of Span 80 effectively reduce free water molecules at the Zn anode-electrolyte interface,forming a robust hydrophobic interfacial layer that significantly suppresses HER and corrosion reactions.Simultaneously,carbon chains can enhance the desolvation effect of[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+),leading to improve rate performance.Additionally,the hydrophilic sorbitan groups in Span 80 selectively adsorb onto active sites of the Zn anode,promoting uniform Zn^(2+)deposition and suppressing dendrite growth.The optimized Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits outstanding cycling stability,sustaining reversible plating/stripping for 570 h at 50 mA/cm^(2) and the Zn||V_(2)O_(5) full cell retains exceptional stability over 2000 cycles at 1 A/g.Our work presents a promising strategy for suppressing interfacial side reactions by constructing a hydrophobic protective layer through the use of ultra-long carbon chain surfactants.This approach offers new insights into enhancing the performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries.
基金Construction of Standardized Protective Nursing Plan for Hydrofluoric Acid Operation in Stomatology and Re search on Injury Prevention Effect(Project No.:FZ2025101)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the implementation effectiveness of standardized protective care procedures during hydrofluoric acid procedures in the dental department.Methods:This study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2025,selecting 90 patients who underwent hydrofluoric acid-related treatments in the outpatient dental department of this hospital during this period as subjects.Forty-five patients treated between June 2023 and June 2024 received conventional protective care(pre-intervention group),while 45 patients treated between June 2024 and June 2025 underwent the standardized protective care protocol(post-intervention group).Thirteen healthcare personnel participated in both pre-and post-intervention treatment phases.Based on the different nursing models,indicators such as the incidence of adverse events in patients and the exposure rate of healthcare personnel before and after implementation were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the nursing intervention.Results:The incidence of oral mucosal irritation reactions in patients was lower after implementation,p<0.05.Compared with the pre-implementation period,the incidence of procedure-related adverse events decreased after implementation,p<0.05.There was a significant difference in the occupational exposure rate of healthcare personnel before and after implementation,with a higher rate observed before implementation(p<0.05).Post-implementation,healthcare personnel achieved higher compliance scores for pre-procedure preparation,intra-procedure protection,and post-procedure handling(p<0.05).Patient satisfaction with treatment was lower pre-implementation than post-implementation(p<0.05).Conclusion:Adherence to standardized protective care procedures during hydrofluoric acid operations by dental department staff in outpatient settings standardizes practitioner techniques,effectively prevents oral mucosal irritation in patients,reduces occupational exposure risks for staff,minimizes adverse procedural events,and consequently enhances patient treatment satisfaction.This demonstrates significant practical value.
基金Supported by the Special Project for Supporting the Development of Biomedicine and Health Industry in Hangzhou City,No.2022WJC123Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2022ZA143.
文摘BACKGROUND Long-term antipsychotic therapy in psychiatric patients carries significant cardiovascular risks,including QT interval prolongation,myocardial injury,and functional impairment.Guanxinning,a traditional Chinese medicine formulation,has demonstrated cardioprotective potential in preclinical studies,but clinical evidence in this population remains limited.AIM To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Guanxinning against antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients.METHODS A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 120 psychiatric inpatients receiving chronic antipsychotic therapy.Participants were allocated to:Intervention group:Conventional antipsychotics+Guanxinning tablets(0.38 g×4 tablets,ter in die);Control group:Conventional antipsychotics+identical placebo;Cardiac assessments at baseline and 12 months included:Electrocardiography(corrected QT interval),echocardiography(left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter),serum biomarkers(cardiac troponin I,B-type natriuretic peptide,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).RESULTS Compared to controls,the Guanxinning group showed:Electrophysiological improvement:Corrected QT shortening(438±25 milliseconds vs 465±30 milliseconds,P<0.01).Functional enhancement:Left ventricular ejection fraction increase(58.5%±5.2%vs 53.8%±4.8%,P<0.05),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter reduction(49.8±3.5 mm vs 52.6±3.8 mm,P<0.05),Biochemical modulation:Reduced myocardial injury markers(cardiac troponin I:0.009 ng/mL vs 0.014 ng/mL;B-type natriuretic peptide:52 pg/mL vs 78 pg/mL,P<0.001),improved oxidative stress(superoxide dismutase:↑13.3 U/mL;malondialdehyde:↓0.9 nmol/mL,P<0.001),attenuated inflammation(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein:2.0 mg/L vs 3.2 mg/L,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Guanxinning significantly mitigates antipsychotic-induced cardiac injury in psychiatric patients,demonstrating:Normalization of electrophysiological parameters,Preservation of systolic/diastolic function,suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.These findings support its clinical application as an adjunctive cardioprotective therapy,potentially through inhibition of myocardial apoptosis and antioxidant upregulation.
基金supported by NIH(R01 NS094402 and R21 EY029386)Shriners Children’s(#85190 PHI and#87400 PHI)by BrightFocus Foundation(G2019267)(to GMT).
文摘The field of neurodegeneration research has long been focused on finding therapeutic strategies to effectively decrease or halt neuronal loss while minimizing side effects.A recent study titled“Inhibiting acute,axonal DLK palmitoylation is neuroprotective and avoids deleterious effects of cell-wide DLK inhibition”(Zhang et al.,2025),describes an innovative approach to achieve this goal.The authors target a specific post-translational modification of dual leucine-zipper kinase(DLK),palmitoylation,to selectively inhibit DLK-dependent pro-degenerative signaling and protect neurons,thereby revealing a new way to intervene and block neurodegeneration.This Perspective aims to explore the significance of these findings and propose directions for future research.
文摘This article examines the intelligent forest sentry system in the Mount Tai Scenic Area, analyzing its applications, accomplishments, and significance in forest fire prevention. It highlights the system's critical role in enhancing comprehensive forest fire prevention and control capabilities, accelerating emergency response times, and safeguarding the heritage resources of Mount Tai. Furthermore, the system is evolving into a "Smart Forest and Grassland Resources Supervision Platform" that integrates forest fire early warning, ecological environment monitoring, and pest and disease management to promote the sustainable development of forest resources.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2024YFA1209801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12302140,12325204)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M732794)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.sxzy012023213)the Scientific Research Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023JC-XJ-02)the Young Talent Support Program of Xi'an Science and Technology Association(Grant No.959202413069)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZB20230575)。
文摘Hypervelocity rocket sled systems are critical for testing advanced military technologies,yet track damage at speeds exceeding Mach 5 remains a significant challenge for system reliability and performance.In this study,we investigated the hypervelocity impact response and protection for highstrength U71 Mn or bainitic steel used in rocket sled tracks.Flyer plate impact experiments using a two-stage light-gas gun were conducted to study the hypervelocity collision response,followed by the microstructural characterization via optical microscope,scanning electron microscopy equipped with electron backscatter diffraction to reveal underlying damage mechanisms.Then,the calibrated thermalmechanical coupled finite element simulations using the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and MieGrüneisen equation of state were carried out.Results indicated that bainitic steel exhibits superior impact resistance with predominantly smooth scratch-dominated damage due to its higher ductility.In contrast,U71 Mn suffered significant material spallation and crack propagation arising from brittle fracture mechanisms.Zinc-rich epoxy primer coatings effectively mitigated stress concentration and temperature rise in the substrate at impacting velocities below 2.4 km/s,so as to suppress the microstructural damage such as adiabatic shear bands and dynamic recrystallization.However,coating protection diminished at ultra-high-speed impacts due to the coating failure.Dimensional analysis established quantitative relationships of the gouge damage size to projectile mass,impact velocity,and material yield strength.This study provides in-depth insights into damage mechanisms in hypervelocity rail systems,demonstrating that bainitic steel combined with protective coatings can significantly enhance impact resistance and system reliability,offering valuable guidance for the design and optimization of hypervelocity testing platforms.
基金Supported by the National 863 Program:Gene Polymerization Tech-nology Study and New Variety Breeding of High-qualityMulti-resist-ance and High-yield Tomato(2007AA10Z178)+1 种基金Shanghai Agricul-ture Committee Key ProjectGermplasm Innovation of Tomato Re-sistance to Yellow Leaf Curl Virus(2007)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） infection on leaf anatomical structure and protective enzyme system of tomato. [Method] The anatomical structure of infected and healthy leaves of tomato were observed and compared by using paraffin section method. The activity changes of SOD, POD and CAT in the infected leaves of tomato were determined. [ Result] The results revealed that there were some differences in anatomical structure between healthy and infected leaves. Some cells of infected leaves were damaged so that the leaves curled and became yellow, which affected the normal function of organs. Compared with control, enzyme activities in the tomato plants infected by TYLCV were enhanced at the early periods and higher than that in control, then started to decline at the middle and late periods but lower than that in control.[ Conclusion] After infection by TYLCV, the leaf anatomical structure of tomato was changed greatly and the protective enzyme system was damaged severely, and affected the normal physJological metabolic functions of tissues and organs in tomato in further.
文摘The leaves of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic poplar (Populus nigra L.) and CpTI (Cowpea trypsin inhibitor) transgenic poplar ((P. tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. Tomentosa) were taken to feed the 4th-5th-instar larvae of American white moth (Hyphantria cunea (Drury)) for determination of the activities of the protective enzyme system inside larvae’s body. The physiological and biochemical effects of the transgenic poplars on the larvae were studied. The results showed that the two kinds of transgenic poplars had similar effects on the protective enzyme system in the midgut of larvae. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in midgut of the larvae increased gradually, reached the highest value at a certain time, and then decreased suddenly. For the larvae that were fed with the leaves of Bt transgenic poplar, the peak value of superoxide dismutase and catalase presented at the time of 24-h feeding, while the peak of peroxidase took place at the time of 12-h feeding. The activities of these protective enzymes for the larvae that were fed with leaves of CpTI transgenic poplar peaked 12 h later than that of those fed with leaves of Bt transgenic poplar. The comparison of activities of the protective enzymes was also carried out between the larvae with different levels of intoxication. It was found that the activities of protective enzyme of the seriously intoxicant larvae were higher than that of the lightly intoxicant larvae. This difference was more obvious in the group treated with CpTI transgenic poplar.
基金supported by the Dong-A University of the Republic of Korea research fund。
文摘With the increasing demand for secure infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations,chemical plants,and energy storage systems,the need for protective structures capable of withstanding close-in detonations has become more critical.Existing design guidelines for protective walls(e.g.,UFC 3-340-02)primarily address mid-and far-field explosions,providing limited insights into near-field effects.Considering the effect of slight slopes(<40°)on reducing maximum reflected overpressure is deemed negligible.This study investigated the effectiveness of a reinforced concrete(RC)modular protection system(MPS)incorpo rating a diagonally tapered wall in attenuating re flected overpressures from closein detonations.Full-scale field experiments using a 51.3 kg TNT charge,representing the explosion energy of a typical hydrogen vessel rupture,demonstrated that a wall with a 7°slope significantly outperformed a vertical wall of equivalent concrete volume in terms of blast resistance.Observed structural responses included cracking,horizontal shear failure,and overturning.Complementary simulations using a validated computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model showed that the tapered wall reduced peak overpressure by 30%-40%compared to an equivalent vertical wall.This result highlights the potential of minor geometric modifications to enhance blast resilience.The tapered design effectively redirects incident blast waves,reducing localized damage while also conserving material,thus preserving modular benefits such as ease of transport and reusability.These findings suggest that diagonally tapered RC-based MPSs can offer a practical and resilient solution for industrial and military applications subject to near-field or sequential blast threats.
基金supported by the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects No.52202012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects No.51834007)。
文摘With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce casualties and maintain military combat effectiveness,is widely developed.This paper systematically reviewed various PPE based on individual combat through literature research and comprehensive discussion,and introduced in detail the latest application progress of PPE in terms of material and technology from three aspects:individual integrated protection system,traditional protection equipment,and intelligent protection equipment,respectively,and discussed in depth the functional improvement and optimization status brought by advanced technology for PPE,focusing on the achievements of individual equipment technology application.Finally,the problems and technical bottlenecks in the development of PPE were analyzed and summarized,and the development trend of PPE were pointed out.The results of the review will provide a forward-looking reference for the current development of individual PPE,and are important guidance for the design and technological innovation of advanced equipment based on the future technological battlefield.
文摘Protection distance of surge protective devices (SPDs) is an important problem in designing a good location scheme of SPDs in low voltage distribution systems for protecting electrical equipments against over- voltage caused by lightning stroke. The simplified lumped-parameter circuit model and the circuit method were used to study the protection distance problem of SPDs. The analytical solutions of the load voltage and general equations of the protection distance of SPDs under different load conditions were given. Simulation results of examples proved the validity of the proposed analytical method.
基金supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China under grant No.2014CB340600the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.61370230 and No.61662022+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University Under grant NCET-13-0241Natural Science Foundation of Huhei Province under Grant No.2016CFB371
文摘In traditional framework,mandatory access control(MAC) system and malicious software are run in kernel mode. Malicious software can stop MAC systems to be started and make it do invalid. This problem cannot be solved under the traditional framework if the operating system(OS) is comprised since malwares are running in ring 0 level. In this paper,we propose a novel way to use hypervisors to protect kernel integrity and the access control system in commodity operating systems. We separate the access control system into three parts: policy management(PM),security server(SS) and policy enforcement(PE). Policy management and the security server reside in the security domain to protect them against malware and the isolation feather of the hypervisor can protect them from attacks. We add an access vector cache(AVC) between SS and PE in the vip OS,in order to speed up communication between the vip OS and the security domain. The policy enforcement module is retained in the vip OS for performance. The security of AVC and PE can be ensured by using a memory protection mechanism. The goal of protecting the OS kernel is to ensure the security of the execution path. We implementthe system by a modified Xen hypervisor. The result shows that we can secure the security of the access control system in the vip OS with no overhead compared with modules in the latter. Our system offers a centralized security policy for virtual domains in virtual machine environments.Keywords: hypervisor; virtualization; memo-
文摘Social disconnectedness in combination with depression, somatic disease, stigma, social exclusion and functional impairment has been described as a major risk factor for suicide in old age. However, protective factors have not been focused on in the same way. The aim was to identify psychosocial risk and protective factors in suicidal older persons. A systematic review was performed in Academic Search Premier (34), Ovid Medline (0), PsycInfo (0), PubMed (66), CINAHL (3) and ProQuest (1078) for the period May - September, 2014. Results: Twelve studies were included in the final analysis. Psychosocial risk factors were categorized under four themes: Being a burden to others increases depression and hopelessness, the struggle due to poor social integration, the strain of physical illness and old age and Negative aspects of religious activity. A total of four protective factors emerged: a sense of belonging, maintaining social dignity, satisfaction with relationships and feeling useful and positive aspects of religious activity. In conclusion, the context of a suicidal older person in a home healthcare service may create a “vulnerable psychosocial state” in which she/he is confronted by stressful psychosocial life events including physical illness and social network changes. The fact that protective factors are solely related to social factors needs to be taken into account in future prevention studies.
