With the continuous enrollment expansion of universities and the increase in the number of international stu-dents,student apartments are becoming increasingly in short supply,inevitably leading to renovation and expa...With the continuous enrollment expansion of universities and the increase in the number of international stu-dents,student apartments are becoming increasingly in short supply,inevitably leading to renovation and expansion pro-jects of apartments.New requirements have emerged for fire protection design in the renovation of student apartments.This case mainly involves new approaches and methods of fire protection design in the renovation of old buildings.An in-door fire hydrant system is newly added to the water supply part of the apartment building,and the main measures include drawing water from a nearby source and establishing a fire protection linkage control system.展开更多
In the current construction field, there is a relatively complete management system in the fire design of construction engineering, and the most important form of project construction management in the fire design and...In the current construction field, there is a relatively complete management system in the fire design of construction engineering, and the most important form of project construction management in the fire design and construction of the construction industry is fire design management. According to a large number of data collected from China's building fire protection design, at present, many places in China will put fire protection design first in construction planning. In addition, the continuous improvement of social and economic level in recent years has also led to the rapid growth of land prices, resulting in the phenomenon of a large number of social funds being invested in the construction industry. Therefore, with the rapid development of the construction industry, we must pay attention to the improvement of fire design management level if we want to have more long-term development.展开更多
The emergence of high-rise civil buildings not only alleviates the current situation of urban land shortage, but also meets everyone's own needs.At present, high-rise buildings continue to emerge, and its proporti...The emergence of high-rise civil buildings not only alleviates the current situation of urban land shortage, but also meets everyone's own needs.At present, high-rise buildings continue to emerge, and its proportion is also relatively high in the proportion of new buildings.Compared with low-rise buildings, fire prevention of high-rise civil buildings is difficult, which is also known as an important issue of current concern.Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the fire protection design of high-rise civil buildings, try to improve the fire protection of buildings and reduce the negative impact of fire.Based on this, this paper discusses the problem analysis and Countermeasures of fire protection design of high-rise civil buildings.展开更多
If a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, its spreading speed is very fast, and it is difficult to evacuate, which threatens the personal safety of residents. Therefore, we should control from the source, strength...If a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, its spreading speed is very fast, and it is difficult to evacuate, which threatens the personal safety of residents. Therefore, we should control from the source, strengthen the fire protection design function of the construction design link, improve the fire resistance performance of the building structure, avoid confusion when the fire occurs, find the correct escape route according to the direction of the indicator signs and lights, improve the fire protection ability of high-rise buildings, and correctly solve the occurrence of fire hazards.展开更多
Architecture is the foundation of social development and one of the elements of people's life and production. With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous increase of population, the functi...Architecture is the foundation of social development and one of the elements of people's life and production. With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous increase of population, the functions assumed by buildings are also increasing day by day. Under this background, in the process of architectural design, we should not only be able to meet the most basic functions of buildings, but also increase investment in functionality, safety and stability to continuously improve the comprehensive performance of buildings. Among them, safety is a priority issue in architectural design. Once there is a problem in safety, its hidden dangers and possible losses are often difficult to measure. Building safety design involves many aspects, and building fire prevention design is one of the important contents, especially with the continuous increase of all kinds of electrical wires and appliances in buildings, it puts forward higher and higher requirements for building fire prevention capability. Therefore, in the current process of architectural design, full consideration should be given to the scientific application of architectural fire protection design, and the safety and reliability of architectural design should be continuously improved.展开更多
With the development of social economy, people's living standard and quality of life are improving day by day, and large-scale commercial buildings are emerging one after another, bringing great convenience to the...With the development of social economy, people's living standard and quality of life are improving day by day, and large-scale commercial buildings are emerging one after another, bringing great convenience to the life of social strata. Large-scale commercial buildings are usually located in urban areas with large flow of people and wide variety of goods. The occurrence of fire safety hazards inevitably poses a serious threat to people's lives and property safety. This paper makes a brief analysis on the fire protection design of large commercial buildings for reference only.展开更多
When it comes to the 21st century, people's living standards continue to improve, the quality of their lives also put forward more requirements and hopes, the public hope that their living conditions not only have...When it comes to the 21st century, people's living standards continue to improve, the quality of their lives also put forward more requirements and hopes, the public hope that their living conditions not only have comfort, but also have a certain degree of security. High rise building water supply and drainage and fire protection design should not only meet the normal use of water supply and drainage system, but also meet the fire protection and fire extinguishing functions. Compared with the ordinary single-layer building, the number of floors in high-rise buildings is large, and people's travel almost all depends on the elevator, while the evacuation only depends on the evacuation stairs, which often causes evacuation difficulties, not timely and other safety problems. If the fire protection design is defective or unreasonable, and a fire occurs in a high-rise building, it will threaten and affect the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is necessary to study and analyze the problems existing in the formulation of water supply and drainage and fire protection design scheme of high-rise buildings and the layout of fire protection facilities in high-rise buildings.展开更多
With the rapid development of urban construction,the land around mountains has unique resource and environmental advantages,so that the land around mountains become a rare resource for development and construction.To ...With the rapid development of urban construction,the land around mountains has unique resource and environmental advantages,so that the land around mountains become a rare resource for development and construction.To make scientific use of land resources around mountains and avoid excessive and disorderly development of mountains,it is particularly important to protect and control mountain resources.Xuzhou City is rich in mountain forest resources.In this paper,from the perspective of urban design,the construction control of land around mountains in Xuzhou City is studied and explored,and the requirements and methods for the detailed planning and urban design of plots around important mountains are put forward from the aspects of mountain protection classification,control principles of the height of buildings around mountains,and control principles of construction and development intensity of plots around mountains.展开更多
The role played by equipotential connection in lightning protection was summarized in terms of lightning protection,static electricity,electromagnetic shielding,protection from electric shocks,and earth fault protecti...The role played by equipotential connection in lightning protection was summarized in terms of lightning protection,static electricity,electromagnetic shielding,protection from electric shocks,and earth fault protection.In addition,drawbacks of independent grounding and common grounding were concluded.According to standards and researches,such as Building Lightning Protection Design Standard （GB50057-2010）,further demands and rules of equipotential connection in lightning protection engineering were proposed,providing references for lightning prevention design,construction and examination by related scientific workers and staffs.展开更多
In modern times, China's society has been rapid development, its economy is rapid progress, people's quality of life has been improved, the population is also increasing, and for the limited land, housing prob...In modern times, China's society has been rapid development, its economy is rapid progress, people's quality of life has been improved, the population is also increasing, and for the limited land, housing problem has become one of the more important problems to be solved. This leads to the emergence of high-rise buildings, and the number of high-rise buildings is still increasing, which also brings great disadvantages. One of the more obvious problems is fire protection. The increase of floors greatly increases the difficulty of fire protection construction, which leads to the fact that the traditional fire protection design is no longer suitable. It is necessary to bring forth new ideas to meet the new social market demand. But the design and use of high-rise building fire is very difficult, high-rise buildings are far away from the ground when the fire occurs, people in the building need more time than survivors or rescue workers, so it is necessary to optimize the fire design and construction of high-rise buildings scientifically and reasonably to ensure the fire safety of high-rise buildings.展开更多
With the change of the environment, the frequency of meteorological disasters increases. Therefore, people need to understand the detection methods and measures of lightning protection in order to effectively reduce t...With the change of the environment, the frequency of meteorological disasters increases. Therefore, people need to understand the detection methods and measures of lightning protection in order to effectively reduce the harm. Based on the development of China's meteorological lightning protection work, this paper briefly introduces the problems exposed therein, and puts forward targeted solutions, in order to effectively improve the lightning protection effect, speed up the promotion of relevant lightning protection technologies and create a safe and stable living environment.展开更多
Under the background of increasing shortage of land resources, China's civil buildings began to move towards the trend of high-rise buildings. With the increase of population, the development of China's constr...Under the background of increasing shortage of land resources, China's civil buildings began to move towards the trend of high-rise buildings. With the increase of population, the development of China's construction industry has entered a new stage. High-rise buildings are springing up. Once there is a fire in the construction field, it will cause incalculable losses to the construction of high-rise buildings and the safety of occupants. Therefore, in the process of civil high-rise building design, relevant personnel are required to use fire prevention technology according to local conditions. Based on the basic characteristics of civil building fires, this paper specifically analyzes how to better apply fire prevention technology to reduce the occurrence of civil building fires from the aspects of construction materials selection, graphic design, construction water supply and drainage system planning, etc.展开更多
Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculati...Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.展开更多
The shock loads generated by spacecraft during docking can cause functional failure and structural damage to aerospace electronic equipment and even lead to catastrophic flight accidents.There is currently a lack of s...The shock loads generated by spacecraft during docking can cause functional failure and structural damage to aerospace electronic equipment and even lead to catastrophic flight accidents.There is currently a lack of systematic and comprehensive research on the shock environment of spacecraft electronic equipment due to the diversity and complexity of the shock environment.In this paper,the validity of the finite element model is verified based on the sinusoidal vibration experiment results of the spacecraft reentry capsule.The method of shock dynamic response analysis is used to obtain the shock environment of electronic equipment under different shock loads.The shock response spectrum is used to describe the shock environment of aerospace electronic equipment.The results show that the resonance frequency error between the sinusoidal vibration experiment and the model is less than 4.06%.When the docking relative speed of the reentry capsule is 2 m/s,the shock response spectrum values of one of the equipment are 30 m^(2)/s,0.67 m/s,and 0.059 m,respectively.The wire rope spring on the mating surface can provide vibration isolation and shock resistance.An increase in spring damping coefficient results in a decrease in the amplitude and time of the vibration generated.An increase in spring stiffness reduces the input of shock load within a certain range.These research results can provide guidance for the design and evaluation of shock environmental adaptability of aerospace electronic equipment.展开更多
In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and extern...In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and external impact threats. The internal impact threats include kinetic missiles generated by the failure of high pressure vessels and pipes, the failure of high speed rotating machineries and accidental drops. The external impact threats may come from airborne missiles, aircraft impact, explosion blast and fragments. The impact effects of these threats on concrete and steel structures in a nuclear power plant are discussed. Methods and procedures for the impact assessment of nuclear power plants are introduced. Recent studies on penetration and perforation mechanics as well as progresses on dynamic properties of concrete-like materials are presented to increase the understanding of the impact effects on concrete containment structures.展开更多
文摘With the continuous enrollment expansion of universities and the increase in the number of international stu-dents,student apartments are becoming increasingly in short supply,inevitably leading to renovation and expansion pro-jects of apartments.New requirements have emerged for fire protection design in the renovation of student apartments.This case mainly involves new approaches and methods of fire protection design in the renovation of old buildings.An in-door fire hydrant system is newly added to the water supply part of the apartment building,and the main measures include drawing water from a nearby source and establishing a fire protection linkage control system.
文摘In the current construction field, there is a relatively complete management system in the fire design of construction engineering, and the most important form of project construction management in the fire design and construction of the construction industry is fire design management. According to a large number of data collected from China's building fire protection design, at present, many places in China will put fire protection design first in construction planning. In addition, the continuous improvement of social and economic level in recent years has also led to the rapid growth of land prices, resulting in the phenomenon of a large number of social funds being invested in the construction industry. Therefore, with the rapid development of the construction industry, we must pay attention to the improvement of fire design management level if we want to have more long-term development.
文摘The emergence of high-rise civil buildings not only alleviates the current situation of urban land shortage, but also meets everyone's own needs.At present, high-rise buildings continue to emerge, and its proportion is also relatively high in the proportion of new buildings.Compared with low-rise buildings, fire prevention of high-rise civil buildings is difficult, which is also known as an important issue of current concern.Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the fire protection design of high-rise civil buildings, try to improve the fire protection of buildings and reduce the negative impact of fire.Based on this, this paper discusses the problem analysis and Countermeasures of fire protection design of high-rise civil buildings.
文摘If a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, its spreading speed is very fast, and it is difficult to evacuate, which threatens the personal safety of residents. Therefore, we should control from the source, strengthen the fire protection design function of the construction design link, improve the fire resistance performance of the building structure, avoid confusion when the fire occurs, find the correct escape route according to the direction of the indicator signs and lights, improve the fire protection ability of high-rise buildings, and correctly solve the occurrence of fire hazards.
文摘Architecture is the foundation of social development and one of the elements of people's life and production. With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous increase of population, the functions assumed by buildings are also increasing day by day. Under this background, in the process of architectural design, we should not only be able to meet the most basic functions of buildings, but also increase investment in functionality, safety and stability to continuously improve the comprehensive performance of buildings. Among them, safety is a priority issue in architectural design. Once there is a problem in safety, its hidden dangers and possible losses are often difficult to measure. Building safety design involves many aspects, and building fire prevention design is one of the important contents, especially with the continuous increase of all kinds of electrical wires and appliances in buildings, it puts forward higher and higher requirements for building fire prevention capability. Therefore, in the current process of architectural design, full consideration should be given to the scientific application of architectural fire protection design, and the safety and reliability of architectural design should be continuously improved.
文摘With the development of social economy, people's living standard and quality of life are improving day by day, and large-scale commercial buildings are emerging one after another, bringing great convenience to the life of social strata. Large-scale commercial buildings are usually located in urban areas with large flow of people and wide variety of goods. The occurrence of fire safety hazards inevitably poses a serious threat to people's lives and property safety. This paper makes a brief analysis on the fire protection design of large commercial buildings for reference only.
文摘When it comes to the 21st century, people's living standards continue to improve, the quality of their lives also put forward more requirements and hopes, the public hope that their living conditions not only have comfort, but also have a certain degree of security. High rise building water supply and drainage and fire protection design should not only meet the normal use of water supply and drainage system, but also meet the fire protection and fire extinguishing functions. Compared with the ordinary single-layer building, the number of floors in high-rise buildings is large, and people's travel almost all depends on the elevator, while the evacuation only depends on the evacuation stairs, which often causes evacuation difficulties, not timely and other safety problems. If the fire protection design is defective or unreasonable, and a fire occurs in a high-rise building, it will threaten and affect the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is necessary to study and analyze the problems existing in the formulation of water supply and drainage and fire protection design scheme of high-rise buildings and the layout of fire protection facilities in high-rise buildings.
文摘With the rapid development of urban construction,the land around mountains has unique resource and environmental advantages,so that the land around mountains become a rare resource for development and construction.To make scientific use of land resources around mountains and avoid excessive and disorderly development of mountains,it is particularly important to protect and control mountain resources.Xuzhou City is rich in mountain forest resources.In this paper,from the perspective of urban design,the construction control of land around mountains in Xuzhou City is studied and explored,and the requirements and methods for the detailed planning and urban design of plots around important mountains are put forward from the aspects of mountain protection classification,control principles of the height of buildings around mountains,and control principles of construction and development intensity of plots around mountains.
文摘The role played by equipotential connection in lightning protection was summarized in terms of lightning protection,static electricity,electromagnetic shielding,protection from electric shocks,and earth fault protection.In addition,drawbacks of independent grounding and common grounding were concluded.According to standards and researches,such as Building Lightning Protection Design Standard （GB50057-2010）,further demands and rules of equipotential connection in lightning protection engineering were proposed,providing references for lightning prevention design,construction and examination by related scientific workers and staffs.
文摘In modern times, China's society has been rapid development, its economy is rapid progress, people's quality of life has been improved, the population is also increasing, and for the limited land, housing problem has become one of the more important problems to be solved. This leads to the emergence of high-rise buildings, and the number of high-rise buildings is still increasing, which also brings great disadvantages. One of the more obvious problems is fire protection. The increase of floors greatly increases the difficulty of fire protection construction, which leads to the fact that the traditional fire protection design is no longer suitable. It is necessary to bring forth new ideas to meet the new social market demand. But the design and use of high-rise building fire is very difficult, high-rise buildings are far away from the ground when the fire occurs, people in the building need more time than survivors or rescue workers, so it is necessary to optimize the fire design and construction of high-rise buildings scientifically and reasonably to ensure the fire safety of high-rise buildings.
文摘With the change of the environment, the frequency of meteorological disasters increases. Therefore, people need to understand the detection methods and measures of lightning protection in order to effectively reduce the harm. Based on the development of China's meteorological lightning protection work, this paper briefly introduces the problems exposed therein, and puts forward targeted solutions, in order to effectively improve the lightning protection effect, speed up the promotion of relevant lightning protection technologies and create a safe and stable living environment.
文摘Under the background of increasing shortage of land resources, China's civil buildings began to move towards the trend of high-rise buildings. With the increase of population, the development of China's construction industry has entered a new stage. High-rise buildings are springing up. Once there is a fire in the construction field, it will cause incalculable losses to the construction of high-rise buildings and the safety of occupants. Therefore, in the process of civil high-rise building design, relevant personnel are required to use fire prevention technology according to local conditions. Based on the basic characteristics of civil building fires, this paper specifically analyzes how to better apply fire prevention technology to reduce the occurrence of civil building fires from the aspects of construction materials selection, graphic design, construction water supply and drainage system planning, etc.
基金Supported by the Lloyds Register Educational Trust (the LRET)Key Project of National Natural Science Funds(50939002)the National Natural Science Fundation of China (50809018)
文摘Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.
文摘The shock loads generated by spacecraft during docking can cause functional failure and structural damage to aerospace electronic equipment and even lead to catastrophic flight accidents.There is currently a lack of systematic and comprehensive research on the shock environment of spacecraft electronic equipment due to the diversity and complexity of the shock environment.In this paper,the validity of the finite element model is verified based on the sinusoidal vibration experiment results of the spacecraft reentry capsule.The method of shock dynamic response analysis is used to obtain the shock environment of electronic equipment under different shock loads.The shock response spectrum is used to describe the shock environment of aerospace electronic equipment.The results show that the resonance frequency error between the sinusoidal vibration experiment and the model is less than 4.06%.When the docking relative speed of the reentry capsule is 2 m/s,the shock response spectrum values of one of the equipment are 30 m^(2)/s,0.67 m/s,and 0.059 m,respectively.The wire rope spring on the mating surface can provide vibration isolation and shock resistance.An increase in spring damping coefficient results in a decrease in the amplitude and time of the vibration generated.An increase in spring stiffness reduces the input of shock load within a certain range.These research results can provide guidance for the design and evaluation of shock environmental adaptability of aerospace electronic equipment.
文摘In order to ensure the highest safety requirements, nuclear power plant structures (the containment structures, the fuel storages and transportation systems) should be assessed against all possible internal and external impact threats. The internal impact threats include kinetic missiles generated by the failure of high pressure vessels and pipes, the failure of high speed rotating machineries and accidental drops. The external impact threats may come from airborne missiles, aircraft impact, explosion blast and fragments. The impact effects of these threats on concrete and steel structures in a nuclear power plant are discussed. Methods and procedures for the impact assessment of nuclear power plants are introduced. Recent studies on penetration and perforation mechanics as well as progresses on dynamic properties of concrete-like materials are presented to increase the understanding of the impact effects on concrete containment structures.
