There are major concerns over both the security of energy supplies （declining supplies and political control） and the en- vironmental costs associated with energy generation and use. The global consumption of carbon...There are major concerns over both the security of energy supplies （declining supplies and political control） and the en- vironmental costs associated with energy generation and use. The global consumption of carbon-containing fossil fuels for heat, electricity, transport and the manufacture of chemicals is not sustainable. This has promulgated a great interest in various forms of renewable energy and the imposition,展开更多
Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects exte...Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy i...Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy in the short-term treatment of various cognitive impairments.This study evaluated the efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline over a 12-month period in patients with ischaemic stroke.Methods This prospective following-up study involved patients newly diagnosed with ischaemic stroke between 1 month and 6 months after stroke onset and not in the acute phase.Patients were assigned to either the butylphthalide or control group.Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up.Statistical analyses included t-tests,χ2 tests and multivariate regression analyses.Results Butylphthalide was negatively associated with the MMSE D-value(β=−0.122;95%CI−1.932 to−0.298;p=0.003)and the MMSE D-value percentage(β=−0.117;95%CI−0.057 to−0.011;p=0.004).A multivariate analysis indicated that butylphthalide treatment was negatively associated with both changes in orientation and language score.Additionally,the incidence of cognitive decline was significantly lower in the butylphthalide group(OR,0.612;p=0.020)than the control group.An age of≥60 years and lower educational level were identified as risk factors for lower cognitive score and cognitive decline.Conclusion This study demonstrated that butylphthalide is effective in preventing cognitive decline in patients with ischaemic stroke.These findings have significant implications for clinical practice,suggesting that butylphthalide could be incorporated into standard post-stroke care regimens to improve patient outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden.Additional multicentre double-blind trials are recommended to confirm these results in diverse populations.展开更多
Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institut...Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.展开更多
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are...BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from...Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from observing phenomena to uncovering underlying mechanisms,from regional-scale investigations to global perspectives,and from experience-based inference toward data-and model-enabled intelligent prediction.AlphaEarth Foundations(AEF)is a next-generation geospatial intelligence platform that addresses these changes by introducing a unified 64-dimensional shared embedding space,enabling-for the first time-standardized representation and seamless integration of 12 distinct types of Earth observation data,including optical,radar,and lidar.This framework significantly improves data assimilation efficiency and resolves the persistent problem of“data silos”in geoscience research.AEF is helping redefine research methodologies and fostering breakthroughs,particularly in quantitative Earth system science.This paper systematically examines how AEF’s innovative architecture-featuring multi-source data fusion,high-dimensional feature representation learning,and a scalable computational framework-facilitates intelligent,precise,and realtime data-driven geoscientific research.Using case studies from resource and environmental applications,we demonstrate AEF’s broad potential and identify emerging innovation needs.Our findings show that AEF not only enhances the efficiency of solving traditional geoscientific problems but also stimulates novel research directions and methodological approaches.展开更多
Background Physical frailty and depression may share common pathophysiological pathways associated with dementia and thus interact with each other.However,previous studies have primarily focused on the individual impa...Background Physical frailty and depression may share common pathophysiological pathways associated with dementia and thus interact with each other.However,previous studies have primarily focused on the individual impact of these factors on dementia.Aims To examine the joint effect and interaction of physical frailty and depression on the risk of all-cause dementia.Methods We conducted prospective analyses among participants aged≥60 years from three cohorts:the UK Biobank(UKB),the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing(ELSA)and the Health and Retirement Study(HRS).Physical frailty was assessed using modified versions of the Fried frailty phenotype.Depression was evaluated through mental health questionnaires or combined with hospital admission records.The primary outcome was incident all-cause dementia,identified via active follow-up and passive surveillance.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results A total of 220947 participants(mean age:64.5 years;53.3%female)were included.Over 2832696 person-years of follow-up,9088 participants(7605 in UKB,1207 in HRS and 276 in ELSA)developed incident all-cause dementia.Compared with robust individuals,frail participants faced a 155%increased risk of dementia(pooled HR:2.55,95%CI 2.36 to 2.76;I2=72.3%).Depression conferred a 1.59-fold excess risk for dementia(pooled HR:1.59,95%CI 1.50 to 1.69;I2=56.8%).Adding physical frailty and depression to a traditional dementia risk model significantly improved prediction accuracy(all p-Δarea under the curve<0.05).Jointly,participants with both physical frailty and depression exhibited the highest dementia risk(pooled HR:3.23,95%CI 2.86 to 3.65;I2=41.6%)compared with those without physical frailty and depression.Moreover,a significant additive interaction between physical frailty and depression was observed(pooled relative excess risk due to interaction:0.38,95%CI 0.13 to 0.63),with 17.1%(95%CI 6.0%to 28.3%)of dementia risk attributed to their interactive effects.Conclusions Individuals with both physical frailty and depression had the highest risk of dementia.More importantly,these two factors interact in an additive manner,further amplifying dementia risk.展开更多
The Langrial iron ore deposits,located in the villages of Dubran and Darkot in Hazara,Pakistan,were evaluated using remote sensing,magnetic,and geochemical investigations.Data from ASTER,Landsat-8,and Sentinel-2 satel...The Langrial iron ore deposits,located in the villages of Dubran and Darkot in Hazara,Pakistan,were evaluated using remote sensing,magnetic,and geochemical investigations.Data from ASTER,Landsat-8,and Sentinel-2 satellites were utilized and processed through techniques such as band ratio analysis,band compositing,and NDVI masking to reduce vegetation effects and to delineate various lithological units and mineralogical signatures within the study area.Magnetic anomalies revealed multiple levels of iron mineralization,with the hematite zone showing the most significant potential for high-grade iron ore.Geochemical analyses confirmed the presence of iron,along with minerals such as chromium,calcium,magnesium,and lead.In Dubran,mean iron concentrations are recorded at 370.94 mg/kg,whereas in Darkot,they reach up to 2052 mg/kg.The integration of remote sensing,magnetic,and geochemical data delineates key mineralized zones in the various parts of the study area.This research highlights the importance of combining geophysical and geochemical methodologies to refine mineral exploration efforts.The findings enhance our understanding of the Langrial iron ore deposits and highlight their economic potential for sustainable mining practices.This study will contribute to meeting the growing demand for iron ore resources and reducing Pakistan's reliance on imports,thereby promoting the sustainable development of local industries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Stoma creation is a common procedure in colorectal cancer surgery,however,stoma-related complications remain a significant concern.AIM To investigate the incidence,types,and risk factors of stoma-related co...BACKGROUND Stoma creation is a common procedure in colorectal cancer surgery,however,stoma-related complications remain a significant concern.AIM To investigate the incidence,types,and risk factors of stoma-related complications in colorectal cancer patients who underwent stoma creation.METHODS Patients with stoma was prospectively recorded in the established stoma system.Data was collected from this stoma management system from November 2021 through May 2024.The rates of stoma-related complications were assessed,and potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.RESULTS A total of 734 patients were included in the analysis.The results showed that 12.3%of patients experienced stoma-related complications,with mucocutaneous separation,edema,and skin excoriation being the most common complications.The majority(90%)of complications were classified as grade 2 according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.Surgical factors,such as blood loss volume greater than 500 mL and open surgery,were significantly associated with stoma complications.Additionally,stoma features like location,shape,color,height,and edema were important factors in the association with complications.Body mass index over 30 kg/m²was also found to be a significant risk factor.CONCLUSION These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to preventing and managing stoma complications,considering both patient-related and surgical factors.展开更多
Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the co...Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.展开更多
This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabi...This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabilized nationally,but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages.A bimodal age pattern persists,with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults,while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life,and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes.Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia,and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents,venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients.In parallel,universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition,and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.Tobacco,obesity,benzene and radon remain the principal modifiable drivers of leukemogenesis.Strengthening data completeness,widening equitable access to precision therapies and controlling these environmental risks are essential to sustaining the observed continuous improvement in leukemia patient survival and ensuring that ever more Chinese patients achieve a cure or durable disease control in the decades ahead.展开更多
Hydrogen energy has long been considered an ideal green energy,and in particular,developed with great enthusiasm in recent years[1].To utilize hydrogen energy,efficient hydrogen storage(H-storage)and transportation ar...Hydrogen energy has long been considered an ideal green energy,and in particular,developed with great enthusiasm in recent years[1].To utilize hydrogen energy,efficient hydrogen storage(H-storage)and transportation are necessary.Although great progress has been achieved in H-storage by using high-pressure cylinder up to 70 MPa.展开更多
Force feedback bilateral teleoperation represents a pivotal advancement in control technology,finding widespread application in hazardous material transportation,perilous environments,space and deep-sea exploration,an...Force feedback bilateral teleoperation represents a pivotal advancement in control technology,finding widespread application in hazardous material transportation,perilous environments,space and deep-sea exploration,and healthcare domains.This paper traces the evolutionary trajectory of force feedback bilateral teleoperation from its conceptual inception to its current complexity.It elucidates the fundamental principles underpinning interaction forces and tactile exchanges,with a specific emphasis on the crucial role of tactile devices.In this review,a quantitative analysis of force feedback bilateral teleoperation development trends from 2011 to 2024 has been conducted,utilizing published journal article data as the primary source of information.The review accentuates classical control frameworks and algorithms,while also delving into existing research advancements and prospec-tive breakthrough directions.Moreover,it explores specific practical scenarios ranging from intricate surgeries to hazardous environment exploration,underscoring the technology’s potential to revolutionize industries by augmenting human manipulation of remote systems.This underscores the pivotal role of force feedback bilateral teleoperation as a transformative human-machine interface,capable of shaping flexible control strategies and addressing technological bottlenecks.Future research endeavors in force feedback bilateral teleoperation are expected to prioritize the creation of more immersive experiences,overcoming technical hurdles,fortifying human-machine collaboration,and broadening application domains,particularly within the realms of medical intervention and hazardous environments.With the continuous progression of technology,the integration of human intelligence and robotic capabilities is expected to produce more innovations and breakthroughs in the field of automatic control.展开更多
As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for coll...As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for college prefer to choose colleges and majors with good employment prospects.Two years ago,facing hundreds of majors,I was caught in a dilemma.Law seemed appealing,as it could offer a high income and a worry-free life.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prevalence and mortality rates of gastric carcinoma are disproportionately elevated in China,with the disease's intricate and varied characteristics further amplifying its health impact.Precise fore...BACKGROUND The prevalence and mortality rates of gastric carcinoma are disproportionately elevated in China,with the disease's intricate and varied characteristics further amplifying its health impact.Precise forecasting of overall survival(OS)is of paramount importance for the clinical management of individuals afflicted with this malignancy.AIM To develop and validate a nomogram model that provides precise gastric cancer prevention and treatment guidance and more accurate survival outcome prediction for patients with gastric carcinoma.METHODS Data analysis was conducted on samples collected from hospitalized gastric cancer patients between 2018 and 2020.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,univariate,and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic factors.A nomogram model was developed to predict gastric cancer patient outcomes.The model's predictability and discriminative ability were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curves.To evaluate the clinical utility of the model,Kaplan-Meier and decision curve analyses were performed.RESULTS A total of ten independent prognostic factors were identified,including body mass index,tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,radiation,chemotherapy,surgery,albumin,globulin,neutrophil count,lactate dehydrogenase,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.The area under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the training set were 0.843,0.850,and 0.821,respectively.The AUC values were 0.864,0.820,and 0.786 for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the validation set,respectively.The model exhibited strong discriminative ability,with both the time AUC and time C-index exceeding 0.75.Compared with TNM staging,the model demonstrated superior clinical utility.Ultimately,a nomogram was developed via a web-based interface.CONCLUSION This study established and validated a novel nomogram model for predicting the OS of gastric cancer patients,which demonstrated strong predictive ability.Based on these findings,this model can aid clinicians in implementing personalized interventions for patients with gastric cancer.展开更多
The tourism industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing sectors in the global market.It contributes towards complete growth and development of a country by bringing numerous economic value and benefit and helpi...The tourism industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing sectors in the global market.It contributes towards complete growth and development of a country by bringing numerous economic value and benefit and helping in building country’s brand value,image and identity.Eritrea has huge tourism potential owing to its natural,historical and cultural endowments.However,the tourism industry in Eritrea is only in its nascent stage.This study,therefore,try to identify and examine the major challenges of sustainable tourism development and its prospects.Primary data were collected from interview with different Ministry of Tourism authorities,travel agencies and tour operators’managers and owners.Secondary data were retrieved from annual reports of international tourism organizations,Ministry of Tourism,the State of Eritrea and other documented sources including magazines and relevant research and papers.The research concludes that Eritrea has great potential for the development of tourism.However,the tourism growth is blocked by specific factors such as poor image,inadequate tourism infrastructural and technological facilities,absence of coordination among tourism stakeholders and lack of skilled man power.This study will assist policymakers to understand the present challenges of the tourism industry and provide necessary recommendations to adopt appropriate strategies and mechanisms.展开更多
文摘There are major concerns over both the security of energy supplies （declining supplies and political control） and the en- vironmental costs associated with energy generation and use. The global consumption of carbon-containing fossil fuels for heat, electricity, transport and the manufacture of chemicals is not sustainable. This has promulgated a great interest in various forms of renewable energy and the imposition,
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52021005,52325904,and 51991391)。
文摘Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
基金funded by Tianjin Municipal Health Commission(TJWJ2023QN115)。
文摘Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy in the short-term treatment of various cognitive impairments.This study evaluated the efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline over a 12-month period in patients with ischaemic stroke.Methods This prospective following-up study involved patients newly diagnosed with ischaemic stroke between 1 month and 6 months after stroke onset and not in the acute phase.Patients were assigned to either the butylphthalide or control group.Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up.Statistical analyses included t-tests,χ2 tests and multivariate regression analyses.Results Butylphthalide was negatively associated with the MMSE D-value(β=−0.122;95%CI−1.932 to−0.298;p=0.003)and the MMSE D-value percentage(β=−0.117;95%CI−0.057 to−0.011;p=0.004).A multivariate analysis indicated that butylphthalide treatment was negatively associated with both changes in orientation and language score.Additionally,the incidence of cognitive decline was significantly lower in the butylphthalide group(OR,0.612;p=0.020)than the control group.An age of≥60 years and lower educational level were identified as risk factors for lower cognitive score and cognitive decline.Conclusion This study demonstrated that butylphthalide is effective in preventing cognitive decline in patients with ischaemic stroke.These findings have significant implications for clinical practice,suggesting that butylphthalide could be incorporated into standard post-stroke care regimens to improve patient outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden.Additional multicentre double-blind trials are recommended to confirm these results in diverse populations.
文摘Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1307705).
文摘BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Project(No.42050103)Higher Education Disciplinary Innovation Program(No.B25052)+2 种基金the Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team Project(No.2021ZT09H399)the Ministry of Education’s Frontiers Science Center for Deep-Time Digital Earth(DDE)(No.2652023001)Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(DD20240206201)。
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from observing phenomena to uncovering underlying mechanisms,from regional-scale investigations to global perspectives,and from experience-based inference toward data-and model-enabled intelligent prediction.AlphaEarth Foundations(AEF)is a next-generation geospatial intelligence platform that addresses these changes by introducing a unified 64-dimensional shared embedding space,enabling-for the first time-standardized representation and seamless integration of 12 distinct types of Earth observation data,including optical,radar,and lidar.This framework significantly improves data assimilation efficiency and resolves the persistent problem of“data silos”in geoscience research.AEF is helping redefine research methodologies and fostering breakthroughs,particularly in quantitative Earth system science.This paper systematically examines how AEF’s innovative architecture-featuring multi-source data fusion,high-dimensional feature representation learning,and a scalable computational framework-facilitates intelligent,precise,and realtime data-driven geoscientific research.Using case studies from resource and environmental applications,we demonstrate AEF’s broad potential and identify emerging innovation needs.Our findings show that AEF not only enhances the efficiency of solving traditional geoscientific problems but also stimulates novel research directions and methodological approaches.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0907004 to YZ)。
文摘Background Physical frailty and depression may share common pathophysiological pathways associated with dementia and thus interact with each other.However,previous studies have primarily focused on the individual impact of these factors on dementia.Aims To examine the joint effect and interaction of physical frailty and depression on the risk of all-cause dementia.Methods We conducted prospective analyses among participants aged≥60 years from three cohorts:the UK Biobank(UKB),the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing(ELSA)and the Health and Retirement Study(HRS).Physical frailty was assessed using modified versions of the Fried frailty phenotype.Depression was evaluated through mental health questionnaires or combined with hospital admission records.The primary outcome was incident all-cause dementia,identified via active follow-up and passive surveillance.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results A total of 220947 participants(mean age:64.5 years;53.3%female)were included.Over 2832696 person-years of follow-up,9088 participants(7605 in UKB,1207 in HRS and 276 in ELSA)developed incident all-cause dementia.Compared with robust individuals,frail participants faced a 155%increased risk of dementia(pooled HR:2.55,95%CI 2.36 to 2.76;I2=72.3%).Depression conferred a 1.59-fold excess risk for dementia(pooled HR:1.59,95%CI 1.50 to 1.69;I2=56.8%).Adding physical frailty and depression to a traditional dementia risk model significantly improved prediction accuracy(all p-Δarea under the curve<0.05).Jointly,participants with both physical frailty and depression exhibited the highest dementia risk(pooled HR:3.23,95%CI 2.86 to 3.65;I2=41.6%)compared with those without physical frailty and depression.Moreover,a significant additive interaction between physical frailty and depression was observed(pooled relative excess risk due to interaction:0.38,95%CI 0.13 to 0.63),with 17.1%(95%CI 6.0%to 28.3%)of dementia risk attributed to their interactive effects.Conclusions Individuals with both physical frailty and depression had the highest risk of dementia.More importantly,these two factors interact in an additive manner,further amplifying dementia risk.
文摘The Langrial iron ore deposits,located in the villages of Dubran and Darkot in Hazara,Pakistan,were evaluated using remote sensing,magnetic,and geochemical investigations.Data from ASTER,Landsat-8,and Sentinel-2 satellites were utilized and processed through techniques such as band ratio analysis,band compositing,and NDVI masking to reduce vegetation effects and to delineate various lithological units and mineralogical signatures within the study area.Magnetic anomalies revealed multiple levels of iron mineralization,with the hematite zone showing the most significant potential for high-grade iron ore.Geochemical analyses confirmed the presence of iron,along with minerals such as chromium,calcium,magnesium,and lead.In Dubran,mean iron concentrations are recorded at 370.94 mg/kg,whereas in Darkot,they reach up to 2052 mg/kg.The integration of remote sensing,magnetic,and geochemical data delineates key mineralized zones in the various parts of the study area.This research highlights the importance of combining geophysical and geochemical methodologies to refine mineral exploration efforts.The findings enhance our understanding of the Langrial iron ore deposits and highlight their economic potential for sustainable mining practices.This study will contribute to meeting the growing demand for iron ore resources and reducing Pakistan's reliance on imports,thereby promoting the sustainable development of local industries.
基金Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program,No.PZ20200272018 Beijing Talent Incubating Funding,No.2018-4+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81773214Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support,No.ZYLX202116the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFF1201104Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital-2023,No.JC202310.
文摘BACKGROUND Stoma creation is a common procedure in colorectal cancer surgery,however,stoma-related complications remain a significant concern.AIM To investigate the incidence,types,and risk factors of stoma-related complications in colorectal cancer patients who underwent stoma creation.METHODS Patients with stoma was prospectively recorded in the established stoma system.Data was collected from this stoma management system from November 2021 through May 2024.The rates of stoma-related complications were assessed,and potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.RESULTS A total of 734 patients were included in the analysis.The results showed that 12.3%of patients experienced stoma-related complications,with mucocutaneous separation,edema,and skin excoriation being the most common complications.The majority(90%)of complications were classified as grade 2 according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.Surgical factors,such as blood loss volume greater than 500 mL and open surgery,were significantly associated with stoma complications.Additionally,stoma features like location,shape,color,height,and edema were important factors in the association with complications.Body mass index over 30 kg/m²was also found to be a significant risk factor.CONCLUSION These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to preventing and managing stoma complications,considering both patient-related and surgical factors.
基金support from the Nuclear Fuel Pellet Appearance Quality Inspection Device Project(20190304 A).
文摘Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1103300)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82293630)+3 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z211100002921071)the Peking University Medicine Fund for the World’s Leading Discipline or Discipline Cluster Development(No.71003Y3035)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82570262 and No.82570208)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L252196)。
文摘This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabilized nationally,but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages.A bimodal age pattern persists,with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults,while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life,and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes.Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia,and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents,venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients.In parallel,universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition,and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.Tobacco,obesity,benzene and radon remain the principal modifiable drivers of leukemogenesis.Strengthening data completeness,widening equitable access to precision therapies and controlling these environmental risks are essential to sustaining the observed continuous improvement in leukemia patient survival and ensuring that ever more Chinese patients achieve a cure or durable disease control in the decades ahead.
文摘Hydrogen energy has long been considered an ideal green energy,and in particular,developed with great enthusiasm in recent years[1].To utilize hydrogen energy,efficient hydrogen storage(H-storage)and transportation are necessary.Although great progress has been achieved in H-storage by using high-pressure cylinder up to 70 MPa.
基金supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT),Republic of Korea,under the Convergence Security Core Talent Training Business Support Program(IITP-2024-RS-2024-00423071)supervised by the IITP(Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation)supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023YFSY0026,2023YFH0004).
文摘Force feedback bilateral teleoperation represents a pivotal advancement in control technology,finding widespread application in hazardous material transportation,perilous environments,space and deep-sea exploration,and healthcare domains.This paper traces the evolutionary trajectory of force feedback bilateral teleoperation from its conceptual inception to its current complexity.It elucidates the fundamental principles underpinning interaction forces and tactile exchanges,with a specific emphasis on the crucial role of tactile devices.In this review,a quantitative analysis of force feedback bilateral teleoperation development trends from 2011 to 2024 has been conducted,utilizing published journal article data as the primary source of information.The review accentuates classical control frameworks and algorithms,while also delving into existing research advancements and prospec-tive breakthrough directions.Moreover,it explores specific practical scenarios ranging from intricate surgeries to hazardous environment exploration,underscoring the technology’s potential to revolutionize industries by augmenting human manipulation of remote systems.This underscores the pivotal role of force feedback bilateral teleoperation as a transformative human-machine interface,capable of shaping flexible control strategies and addressing technological bottlenecks.Future research endeavors in force feedback bilateral teleoperation are expected to prioritize the creation of more immersive experiences,overcoming technical hurdles,fortifying human-machine collaboration,and broadening application domains,particularly within the realms of medical intervention and hazardous environments.With the continuous progression of technology,the integration of human intelligence and robotic capabilities is expected to produce more innovations and breakthroughs in the field of automatic control.
文摘As an old Chinese saying goes,knowledge changes fate.An ordinary college student carries expectations of several generations of his or her family.Consequently,a vast majority of high school graduates applying for college prefer to choose colleges and majors with good employment prospects.Two years ago,facing hundreds of majors,I was caught in a dilemma.Law seemed appealing,as it could offer a high income and a worry-free life.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence and mortality rates of gastric carcinoma are disproportionately elevated in China,with the disease's intricate and varied characteristics further amplifying its health impact.Precise forecasting of overall survival(OS)is of paramount importance for the clinical management of individuals afflicted with this malignancy.AIM To develop and validate a nomogram model that provides precise gastric cancer prevention and treatment guidance and more accurate survival outcome prediction for patients with gastric carcinoma.METHODS Data analysis was conducted on samples collected from hospitalized gastric cancer patients between 2018 and 2020.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,univariate,and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic factors.A nomogram model was developed to predict gastric cancer patient outcomes.The model's predictability and discriminative ability were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curves.To evaluate the clinical utility of the model,Kaplan-Meier and decision curve analyses were performed.RESULTS A total of ten independent prognostic factors were identified,including body mass index,tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,radiation,chemotherapy,surgery,albumin,globulin,neutrophil count,lactate dehydrogenase,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.The area under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the training set were 0.843,0.850,and 0.821,respectively.The AUC values were 0.864,0.820,and 0.786 for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the validation set,respectively.The model exhibited strong discriminative ability,with both the time AUC and time C-index exceeding 0.75.Compared with TNM staging,the model demonstrated superior clinical utility.Ultimately,a nomogram was developed via a web-based interface.CONCLUSION This study established and validated a novel nomogram model for predicting the OS of gastric cancer patients,which demonstrated strong predictive ability.Based on these findings,this model can aid clinicians in implementing personalized interventions for patients with gastric cancer.
文摘The tourism industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing sectors in the global market.It contributes towards complete growth and development of a country by bringing numerous economic value and benefit and helping in building country’s brand value,image and identity.Eritrea has huge tourism potential owing to its natural,historical and cultural endowments.However,the tourism industry in Eritrea is only in its nascent stage.This study,therefore,try to identify and examine the major challenges of sustainable tourism development and its prospects.Primary data were collected from interview with different Ministry of Tourism authorities,travel agencies and tour operators’managers and owners.Secondary data were retrieved from annual reports of international tourism organizations,Ministry of Tourism,the State of Eritrea and other documented sources including magazines and relevant research and papers.The research concludes that Eritrea has great potential for the development of tourism.However,the tourism growth is blocked by specific factors such as poor image,inadequate tourism infrastructural and technological facilities,absence of coordination among tourism stakeholders and lack of skilled man power.This study will assist policymakers to understand the present challenges of the tourism industry and provide necessary recommendations to adopt appropriate strategies and mechanisms.
