This paper summarizes the theory of the chemical and physical properties of Si, soil classification for Si soil test and Si fertilizer types, effect of Si fertilizer on plant and soil etc., and proves that Si fertiliz...This paper summarizes the theory of the chemical and physical properties of Si, soil classification for Si soil test and Si fertilizer types, effect of Si fertilizer on plant and soil etc., and proves that Si fertilizer can increase the P nutrition, yield and quality, resistance to any biotic and abiotic stress ability, reduce the toxici- ty of heavy metals of plants and improve the water fertilizer retention of soil by practice; also points out that the best source for Si fertilizers is natural rich Si ma- terials. At last, it gives the prospection about the application of Si fertilizer in the sustainable and organic agriculture.展开更多
Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)remote sensing has a long history of use and reached a good level of maturity in archaeological and cultural heritage applications,yet further advances are viable through the e...Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)remote sensing has a long history of use and reached a good level of maturity in archaeological and cultural heritage applications,yet further advances are viable through the exploitation of novel sensor data and imaging modes,big data and high-performance computing,advanced and automated analysis methods.This paper showcases the main research avenues in this field,with a focus on archaeological prospection and heritage site protection.Six demonstration use-cases with a wealth of heritage asset types(e.g.excavated and still buried archaeological features,standing monuments,natural reserves,burial mounds,paleo-channels)and respective scientific research objectives are presented:the Ostia-Portus area and the wider Province of Rome(Italy),the city of Wuhan and the Jiuzhaigou National Park(China),and the Siberian“Valley of the Kings”(Russia).Input data encompass both archive and newly tasked medium to very high-resolution imagery acquired over the last decade from satellite(e.g.Copernicus Sentinels and ESA Third Party Missions)and aerial(e.g.Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,UAV)platforms,as well as field-based evidence and ground truth,auxiliary topographic data,Digital Elevation Models(DEM),and monitoring data from geodetic campaigns and networks.The novel results achieved for the use-cases contribute to the discussion on the advantages and limitations of optical and SAR-based archaeological and heritage applications aimed to detect buried and sub-surface archaeological assets across rural and semi-vegetated landscapes,identify threats to cultural heritage assets due to ground instability and urban development in large metropolises,and monitor post-disaster impacts in natural reserves.展开更多
The strategy of ore prospection is made on the basis of raw exploratory data which are the products of coupled geological processes and random natural reformation. This decision-making system is extraordinary risky an...The strategy of ore prospection is made on the basis of raw exploratory data which are the products of coupled geological processes and random natural reformation. This decision-making system is extraordinary risky and needs to be supported by various statistical sciences. In this paper, geostatistics and multifractals are jointly employed to delineate the complexity of mineralization and to provide important guidelines for future ore prospecting. The geostatistical analysis indicates the mineralization in granite domain is more homogenous than that in wallrocks, and the exploratory spacing in these two lithological units should be different when taking into consideration the range of variogram. The multifractal analysis shows the spatial variation of mineralization homogeneity. The mineralization in the southwest of this region is much more heterogeneous than that in the granite. The schemes of borehole design are specified based on the combination of abovementioned analytical results. The joint application of geostatistics and multifractal proposed in this study can excavate the exploratory data and output mathematic models in an intuitive and quantitative way, assisting in decision-making and risk avoidance of mining industry.展开更多
The geochemical prospection as a branch of Applied Geochemistry or “Geochemistry of the Landscape” studies the spatial and temporal location of geochemical anomalies in order to locate geological resources of econom...The geochemical prospection as a branch of Applied Geochemistry or “Geochemistry of the Landscape” studies the spatial and temporal location of geochemical anomalies in order to locate geological resources of economic value. The Ciénega de Chapala zone in Michoacán is located east of the Citala rift hosting a geological system that leads to regional hydrothermal activity, mainly the Pajacuaran and Ixtlan failures. The regional geothermics include a superficial hydrothermalism consisting of springs and wells of hot water with temperatures between 48°C and 94°C in Ixtlan de los Hervores and mud volcanoes in the water with temperatures between 48°C and 94°C in Ixtlan de los Hervores and mud volcanoes in the Los Negritos. The waters and gases of these hydrothermal manifestations have physicochemical characteristics that indicate the presence of geothermal fluids. To search for possible presence of minerals of economic value, a study of elemental chemical analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy in samples of rock of the sierra de Pajacuaran, the result of the analysis is clearly abnormal values which may be indicative a geochemical anomaly as well as the possible presence of minerals of economic value in the region. Given the above, the area of the Ciénega de Chapala in Michoacán is a zone where work can be continued both geothermal and mineralogical exploration by conventional techniques or even totally innovative technologies.展开更多
In Sidi Chennane deposits (Morocco), the phosphatic series is composed of regular interbedded phosphatic and marly limestone layers. Exploitation of the phosphate in these deposits collides frequently with problems bo...In Sidi Chennane deposits (Morocco), the phosphatic series is composed of regular interbedded phosphatic and marly limestone layers. Exploitation of the phosphate in these deposits collides frequently with problems bound to the existence, in this series, of sterile bodies qualified as derangements. They cause two kinds of problems: 1) as they are hard, compact and masked by a Quaternary cover, they disturb the exploitation in some yards and give bad reserve calculation;2) even the use of wells and mechanical boreholes did not evidence their delimitation. Our study shows that these bodies can be detected and delimited using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography methods. It is based on the acquisition and the interpretation of series tests using these methods carried out above visible sterile bodies in a trench of exploitation in order to have geologically valid information. The article concerns to the analysis of the results and of the proceeding for a possible large geophysics survey.展开更多
Airborne laser scanning(ALS)has recently been identified as a potential tool in topographic mapping for archaeological prospection.However,most existing applications in this field refers to manned ALS systems,for whic...Airborne laser scanning(ALS)has recently been identified as a potential tool in topographic mapping for archaeological prospection.However,most existing applications in this field refers to manned ALS systems,for which the high operation and maintenance costs limits its application in small-scale archaeological investigation.In this paper,we conducted an exploratory study on the application of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)laser scanning(ULS)system in ancient micro-topography detection over wooded areas.Compared with manned ALS technology,we analyzed the advantages and potentials of ULS technology for archaeological applications.Then we outlined existing mainstream survey-grade UAV-based laser scanners,data processing and visualization approaches.Furthermore,we performed case studies in three cultural heritage sites in Zhejiang Province,China using two representative mainstream survey-grade ULS systems.Results were then verified by an in-site investigation.Finally,the correct selection of ULS devices,the planning of data acquisition missions and the use of appropriate data processing methods specifically for archaeological prospection were discussed.This paper provides a cost-effective and flexible solution for micro-topography detection in wooded areas.ULS technology,as demonstrated here,can be an important supplement to existing archaeological investigation methods,particularly for small-scale areas,and has promising prospects in archaeological applications.展开更多
Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects exte...Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.展开更多
The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic ...The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic resource,owing to their unique structural diversity and the exceptional adaptability and tolerance conferred by evolutionary pressures in aquatic environments.This review systematically synthesizes key advances in fish-derived AMP research.It details their diverse sourcing avenues,encompassing tissues from live fish(e.g.,skin,mucus,gills,intestines)and processing byproducts(e.g.,scales,skins,viscera).The discussion covers efficient isolation,purification,and synthesis strategies,and critically examines their defining feature:unique multi-target synergistic antimicrobial mechanisms(including microbial membrane disruption,intracellular targeting,and immunomodulation),which contribute to a reduced propensity for resistance development.To address inherent limitations of natural AMPs(such as susceptibility to proteolysis and potential toxicity),the review highlights innovative optimization approaches,including computational-aided rational design,amino acid modification,cyclization,and hybrid peptide construction.Furthermore,the review elaborates on their significant application potential across crucial domains:food preservation(inhibiting spoilage organisms,extending shelf-life),sustainable aquaculture(as antibiotic alternatives,enhancing disease resistance,improving water quality),and the development of novel anti-infective therapeutics(particularly against drug-resistant infections).Therefore,this work aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation and innovative strategic insights to foster in-depth research and the sustainable exploitation of this vital strategic biological resource.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
With the advent of the big data era,modern statistics has enjoyed unprecedented development opportunities and also faced numerous new challenges.Traditional statistical computing methods are often limited by issues su...With the advent of the big data era,modern statistics has enjoyed unprecedented development opportunities and also faced numerous new challenges.Traditional statistical computing methods are often limited by issues such as computer memory capacity and distributed storage of data across different locations,and are unable to directly apply to large-scale data sets.Therefore,in the context of big data,designing efficient and theoretically guaranteed statistical learning and inference algorithms has become a key issue that the current field of statistics urgently needs to address.In this paper,the application status of statistical analysis methods in the big data environment was systematically reviewed,and its future development directions were analyzed to provide reference and support for the further development of theory and methods of the statistical analysis of big data.展开更多
This paper introduces a small perturbation frequency domain thermal analysis model based on the nonlinear dynamics model.The model can be applied to study the high-precision temperature control of thermal systems unde...This paper introduces a small perturbation frequency domain thermal analysis model based on the nonlinear dynamics model.The model can be applied to study the high-precision temperature control of thermal systems under low-frequency complex perturbations.The frequency domain characteristics of the space gravitational wave detection satellite are analyzed,and a multi-channel perturbation structure is established.The effects of three kinds of heat flow perturbations,including external heat flow,power generation power,and waste heat of electronic equipment,on the temperature through five transfer paths are investigated.It has been discovered that the waste heat from electronic equipment inside the satellite has the most noticeable effect on the temperature power spectral density of temperature-sensitive optical loads,serving as the primary factor influencing thermal stability.For complex noise signals,the small perturbation analysis method can decompose the different frequency components or ranges,reducing the problem to linearized analysis and simplifying complex calculations.The results indicate that the temperature power spectral density decreases as signal frequency increases,with low-frequency signals exerting a greater influence on temperature stability.The small perturbation analysis method is a novel and effective method for temperature control of space thermal systems,with high accuracy and stability.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
BACKGROUND Solid fuel use for cooking and heating is a major environmental risk factor,yet its association with new-onset heart disease(HD)remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship betw...BACKGROUND Solid fuel use for cooking and heating is a major environmental risk factor,yet its association with new-onset heart disease(HD)remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between solid fuel exposure and new-onset HD in a large cohort.METHODS Multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations between cooking/heating fuel types(coal,crop residue/wood,liquefied petroleum gas,natural gas,and others)and new-onset HD.Subgroup analyses explored effect modification by age,sex,education,smoking,alcohol use,and region.RESULTS A prospective cohort study included 5915 participants,with 781 participants(13.2%)developing new-onset HD.Coal use for cooking showed an initial association with new-onset HD risk(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.06–1.86,P=0.02),which attenuated after full adjustment(OR=1.28,95%CI:0.96–1.72,P=0.10).Coal use for heating demonstrated robust associations across all models(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.42–2.43,P<0.001).Crop residue/wood burning for heating was also significant(Model 2:OR=1.40,95%CI:1.06–1.86,P=0.02).Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations among females,non-smokers,non-drinkers,and less-educated participants.Geographic stratification showed significant associations in southern but not northern regions.CONCLUSIONS Solid fuel use,particularly coal for heating,is associated with increased new-onset HD risk.Reducing solid fuel exposure is crucial for HD prevention in low-resource settings.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the visual function and optical quality in adults aged 80y and older following the bilateral implantation of zonal refractive multifocal intraocular lens(IOL,LS-313 MF30).METHODS:A single-center,non-ra...AIM:To evaluate the visual function and optical quality in adults aged 80y and older following the bilateral implantation of zonal refractive multifocal intraocular lens(IOL,LS-313 MF30).METHODS:A single-center,non-randomized,prospective clinical trial was conducted,involving cataract patients aged 80 y and older.Patients received bilateral implantation of the LS-313 MF30 or CT Asphina 409MP,based on personal preference.Postoperative assessments included uncorrected and corrected visual acuity at distance,intermediate,and near ranges,as well as defocus curve.Subjective evaluations were performed using the visual function(VF-14)questionnaire,spectacle independence rates,and patient satisfaction surveys.Photic phenomena such as glare,halos,and starbursts were also analyzed.RESULTS:The MF30 group(16 eyes from 8 participants,85.38±2.56 y)exhibited superior uncorrected and corrected intermediate and near visual acuity compared to the 409MP group(26 eyes from 13 participants,85.77±2.20 y),while distance visual acuity was comparable between groups.The defocus curve of the MF30 group revealed two peaks at 0.00 D and-3.00 D,indicating a broader depth of focus.Patients in the MF30 group reported higher rates of spectacle independence and greater satisfaction.While photic phenomena such as glare(28.6%vs 18.5%,P=0.584),starburst(9.5%vs 3.7%,P=0.567)and halos(23.8%vs 11.11%,P=0.438)were more prevalent in the MF30 group,they were generally mild and did not significantly impact daily activities.CONCLUSION:Zonal refractive multifocal IOLs provide elderly patients with improved distance and near vision,greater spectacle independence,and greater satisfaction.Although photic phenomena were slightly more frequent with MF30,they are generally reported as non-disruptive and do not affect their daily life compared to monofocal IOLs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the co...Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.展开更多
This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabi...This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabilized nationally,but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages.A bimodal age pattern persists,with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults,while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life,and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes.Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia,and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents,venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients.In parallel,universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition,and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.Tobacco,obesity,benzene and radon remain the principal modifiable drivers of leukemogenesis.Strengthening data completeness,widening equitable access to precision therapies and controlling these environmental risks are essential to sustaining the observed continuous improvement in leukemia patient survival and ensuring that ever more Chinese patients achieve a cure or durable disease control in the decades ahead.展开更多
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are...BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.展开更多
Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institut...Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from...Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from observing phenomena to uncovering underlying mechanisms,from regional-scale investigations to global perspectives,and from experience-based inference toward data-and model-enabled intelligent prediction.AlphaEarth Foundations(AEF)is a next-generation geospatial intelligence platform that addresses these changes by introducing a unified 64-dimensional shared embedding space,enabling-for the first time-standardized representation and seamless integration of 12 distinct types of Earth observation data,including optical,radar,and lidar.This framework significantly improves data assimilation efficiency and resolves the persistent problem of“data silos”in geoscience research.AEF is helping redefine research methodologies and fostering breakthroughs,particularly in quantitative Earth system science.This paper systematically examines how AEF’s innovative architecture-featuring multi-source data fusion,high-dimensional feature representation learning,and a scalable computational framework-facilitates intelligent,precise,and realtime data-driven geoscientific research.Using case studies from resource and environmental applications,we demonstrate AEF’s broad potential and identify emerging innovation needs.Our findings show that AEF not only enhances the efficiency of solving traditional geoscientific problems but also stimulates novel research directions and methodological approaches.展开更多
基金Supported by Major Program of China Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department (2011wk3019)~~
文摘This paper summarizes the theory of the chemical and physical properties of Si, soil classification for Si soil test and Si fertilizer types, effect of Si fertilizer on plant and soil etc., and proves that Si fertilizer can increase the P nutrition, yield and quality, resistance to any biotic and abiotic stress ability, reduce the toxici- ty of heavy metals of plants and improve the water fertilizer retention of soil by practice; also points out that the best source for Si fertilizers is natural rich Si ma- terials. At last, it gives the prospection about the application of Si fertilizer in the sustainable and organic agriculture.
基金supported by the European Space Agency(ESA)and the National Remote Sensing Center(NRSCC)-Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)of the P.R.China under[grant number 58113]ESA[contract number 4000135360/21/I-NB,grant numbers 190791 and PP0085498]+3 种基金the German Aerospace Center(DLR)[grant number MTH3764]the Italian Space Agency(ASI)[COSMO-SkyMed license WUHAN-CSK]Planet Labs PBC under the Education and Research Program[grant number 412519]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42250610212].
文摘Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)remote sensing has a long history of use and reached a good level of maturity in archaeological and cultural heritage applications,yet further advances are viable through the exploitation of novel sensor data and imaging modes,big data and high-performance computing,advanced and automated analysis methods.This paper showcases the main research avenues in this field,with a focus on archaeological prospection and heritage site protection.Six demonstration use-cases with a wealth of heritage asset types(e.g.excavated and still buried archaeological features,standing monuments,natural reserves,burial mounds,paleo-channels)and respective scientific research objectives are presented:the Ostia-Portus area and the wider Province of Rome(Italy),the city of Wuhan and the Jiuzhaigou National Park(China),and the Siberian“Valley of the Kings”(Russia).Input data encompass both archive and newly tasked medium to very high-resolution imagery acquired over the last decade from satellite(e.g.Copernicus Sentinels and ESA Third Party Missions)and aerial(e.g.Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,UAV)platforms,as well as field-based evidence and ground truth,auxiliary topographic data,Digital Elevation Models(DEM),and monitoring data from geodetic campaigns and networks.The novel results achieved for the use-cases contribute to the discussion on the advantages and limitations of optical and SAR-based archaeological and heritage applications aimed to detect buried and sub-surface archaeological assets across rural and semi-vegetated landscapes,identify threats to cultural heritage assets due to ground instability and urban development in large metropolises,and monitor post-disaster impacts in natural reserves.
文摘The strategy of ore prospection is made on the basis of raw exploratory data which are the products of coupled geological processes and random natural reformation. This decision-making system is extraordinary risky and needs to be supported by various statistical sciences. In this paper, geostatistics and multifractals are jointly employed to delineate the complexity of mineralization and to provide important guidelines for future ore prospecting. The geostatistical analysis indicates the mineralization in granite domain is more homogenous than that in wallrocks, and the exploratory spacing in these two lithological units should be different when taking into consideration the range of variogram. The multifractal analysis shows the spatial variation of mineralization homogeneity. The mineralization in the southwest of this region is much more heterogeneous than that in the granite. The schemes of borehole design are specified based on the combination of abovementioned analytical results. The joint application of geostatistics and multifractal proposed in this study can excavate the exploratory data and output mathematic models in an intuitive and quantitative way, assisting in decision-making and risk avoidance of mining industry.
文摘The geochemical prospection as a branch of Applied Geochemistry or “Geochemistry of the Landscape” studies the spatial and temporal location of geochemical anomalies in order to locate geological resources of economic value. The Ciénega de Chapala zone in Michoacán is located east of the Citala rift hosting a geological system that leads to regional hydrothermal activity, mainly the Pajacuaran and Ixtlan failures. The regional geothermics include a superficial hydrothermalism consisting of springs and wells of hot water with temperatures between 48°C and 94°C in Ixtlan de los Hervores and mud volcanoes in the water with temperatures between 48°C and 94°C in Ixtlan de los Hervores and mud volcanoes in the Los Negritos. The waters and gases of these hydrothermal manifestations have physicochemical characteristics that indicate the presence of geothermal fluids. To search for possible presence of minerals of economic value, a study of elemental chemical analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy in samples of rock of the sierra de Pajacuaran, the result of the analysis is clearly abnormal values which may be indicative a geochemical anomaly as well as the possible presence of minerals of economic value in the region. Given the above, the area of the Ciénega de Chapala in Michoacán is a zone where work can be continued both geothermal and mineralogical exploration by conventional techniques or even totally innovative technologies.
基金part of the A/3820/05 and A/025780/09 Projects,financed by the Spanish Agency of International Cooperation(AECI,PCI-Mediterranean)support of the integrated action MA/209/09(Morocco-French,volubilis program).
文摘In Sidi Chennane deposits (Morocco), the phosphatic series is composed of regular interbedded phosphatic and marly limestone layers. Exploitation of the phosphate in these deposits collides frequently with problems bound to the existence, in this series, of sterile bodies qualified as derangements. They cause two kinds of problems: 1) as they are hard, compact and masked by a Quaternary cover, they disturb the exploitation in some yards and give bad reserve calculation;2) even the use of wells and mechanical boreholes did not evidence their delimitation. Our study shows that these bodies can be detected and delimited using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography methods. It is based on the acquisition and the interpretation of series tests using these methods carried out above visible sterile bodies in a trench of exploitation in order to have geologically valid information. The article concerns to the analysis of the results and of the proceeding for a possible large geophysics survey.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 41771489the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 41701497the Open Foundation of Hengyang Base of International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the auspices of UNESCO under grant number HIST19K02.
文摘Airborne laser scanning(ALS)has recently been identified as a potential tool in topographic mapping for archaeological prospection.However,most existing applications in this field refers to manned ALS systems,for which the high operation and maintenance costs limits its application in small-scale archaeological investigation.In this paper,we conducted an exploratory study on the application of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)laser scanning(ULS)system in ancient micro-topography detection over wooded areas.Compared with manned ALS technology,we analyzed the advantages and potentials of ULS technology for archaeological applications.Then we outlined existing mainstream survey-grade UAV-based laser scanners,data processing and visualization approaches.Furthermore,we performed case studies in three cultural heritage sites in Zhejiang Province,China using two representative mainstream survey-grade ULS systems.Results were then verified by an in-site investigation.Finally,the correct selection of ULS devices,the planning of data acquisition missions and the use of appropriate data processing methods specifically for archaeological prospection were discussed.This paper provides a cost-effective and flexible solution for micro-topography detection in wooded areas.ULS technology,as demonstrated here,can be an important supplement to existing archaeological investigation methods,particularly for small-scale areas,and has promising prospects in archaeological applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52021005,52325904,and 51991391)。
文摘Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.
文摘The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic resource,owing to their unique structural diversity and the exceptional adaptability and tolerance conferred by evolutionary pressures in aquatic environments.This review systematically synthesizes key advances in fish-derived AMP research.It details their diverse sourcing avenues,encompassing tissues from live fish(e.g.,skin,mucus,gills,intestines)and processing byproducts(e.g.,scales,skins,viscera).The discussion covers efficient isolation,purification,and synthesis strategies,and critically examines their defining feature:unique multi-target synergistic antimicrobial mechanisms(including microbial membrane disruption,intracellular targeting,and immunomodulation),which contribute to a reduced propensity for resistance development.To address inherent limitations of natural AMPs(such as susceptibility to proteolysis and potential toxicity),the review highlights innovative optimization approaches,including computational-aided rational design,amino acid modification,cyclization,and hybrid peptide construction.Furthermore,the review elaborates on their significant application potential across crucial domains:food preservation(inhibiting spoilage organisms,extending shelf-life),sustainable aquaculture(as antibiotic alternatives,enhancing disease resistance,improving water quality),and the development of novel anti-infective therapeutics(particularly against drug-resistant infections).Therefore,this work aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation and innovative strategic insights to foster in-depth research and the sustainable exploitation of this vital strategic biological resource.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
文摘With the advent of the big data era,modern statistics has enjoyed unprecedented development opportunities and also faced numerous new challenges.Traditional statistical computing methods are often limited by issues such as computer memory capacity and distributed storage of data across different locations,and are unable to directly apply to large-scale data sets.Therefore,in the context of big data,designing efficient and theoretically guaranteed statistical learning and inference algorithms has become a key issue that the current field of statistics urgently needs to address.In this paper,the application status of statistical analysis methods in the big data environment was systematically reviewed,and its future development directions were analyzed to provide reference and support for the further development of theory and methods of the statistical analysis of big data.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2204400)。
文摘This paper introduces a small perturbation frequency domain thermal analysis model based on the nonlinear dynamics model.The model can be applied to study the high-precision temperature control of thermal systems under low-frequency complex perturbations.The frequency domain characteristics of the space gravitational wave detection satellite are analyzed,and a multi-channel perturbation structure is established.The effects of three kinds of heat flow perturbations,including external heat flow,power generation power,and waste heat of electronic equipment,on the temperature through five transfer paths are investigated.It has been discovered that the waste heat from electronic equipment inside the satellite has the most noticeable effect on the temperature power spectral density of temperature-sensitive optical loads,serving as the primary factor influencing thermal stability.For complex noise signals,the small perturbation analysis method can decompose the different frequency components or ranges,reducing the problem to linearized analysis and simplifying complex calculations.The results indicate that the temperature power spectral density decreases as signal frequency increases,with low-frequency signals exerting a greater influence on temperature stability.The small perturbation analysis method is a novel and effective method for temperature control of space thermal systems,with high accuracy and stability.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
基金supported by the Sichuan Provincial Cadre Health Research Project(ZH2024-101)the Key Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2025 ZNSFSC0053)。
文摘BACKGROUND Solid fuel use for cooking and heating is a major environmental risk factor,yet its association with new-onset heart disease(HD)remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between solid fuel exposure and new-onset HD in a large cohort.METHODS Multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations between cooking/heating fuel types(coal,crop residue/wood,liquefied petroleum gas,natural gas,and others)and new-onset HD.Subgroup analyses explored effect modification by age,sex,education,smoking,alcohol use,and region.RESULTS A prospective cohort study included 5915 participants,with 781 participants(13.2%)developing new-onset HD.Coal use for cooking showed an initial association with new-onset HD risk(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.06–1.86,P=0.02),which attenuated after full adjustment(OR=1.28,95%CI:0.96–1.72,P=0.10).Coal use for heating demonstrated robust associations across all models(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.42–2.43,P<0.001).Crop residue/wood burning for heating was also significant(Model 2:OR=1.40,95%CI:1.06–1.86,P=0.02).Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations among females,non-smokers,non-drinkers,and less-educated participants.Geographic stratification showed significant associations in southern but not northern regions.CONCLUSIONS Solid fuel use,particularly coal for heating,is associated with increased new-onset HD risk.Reducing solid fuel exposure is crucial for HD prevention in low-resource settings.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2024J011611)Natural Science Foundation of Nanping City(No.N2021J020)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the visual function and optical quality in adults aged 80y and older following the bilateral implantation of zonal refractive multifocal intraocular lens(IOL,LS-313 MF30).METHODS:A single-center,non-randomized,prospective clinical trial was conducted,involving cataract patients aged 80 y and older.Patients received bilateral implantation of the LS-313 MF30 or CT Asphina 409MP,based on personal preference.Postoperative assessments included uncorrected and corrected visual acuity at distance,intermediate,and near ranges,as well as defocus curve.Subjective evaluations were performed using the visual function(VF-14)questionnaire,spectacle independence rates,and patient satisfaction surveys.Photic phenomena such as glare,halos,and starbursts were also analyzed.RESULTS:The MF30 group(16 eyes from 8 participants,85.38±2.56 y)exhibited superior uncorrected and corrected intermediate and near visual acuity compared to the 409MP group(26 eyes from 13 participants,85.77±2.20 y),while distance visual acuity was comparable between groups.The defocus curve of the MF30 group revealed two peaks at 0.00 D and-3.00 D,indicating a broader depth of focus.Patients in the MF30 group reported higher rates of spectacle independence and greater satisfaction.While photic phenomena such as glare(28.6%vs 18.5%,P=0.584),starburst(9.5%vs 3.7%,P=0.567)and halos(23.8%vs 11.11%,P=0.438)were more prevalent in the MF30 group,they were generally mild and did not significantly impact daily activities.CONCLUSION:Zonal refractive multifocal IOLs provide elderly patients with improved distance and near vision,greater spectacle independence,and greater satisfaction.Although photic phenomena were slightly more frequent with MF30,they are generally reported as non-disruptive and do not affect their daily life compared to monofocal IOLs.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
基金support from the Nuclear Fuel Pellet Appearance Quality Inspection Device Project(20190304 A).
文摘Thefield of energy storage devices is primarily dominated by lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their mature manufacturing processes and stable performance.However,immature lithium recovery technology cannot stop the continuous increase in the cost of LIBs.Along with the rapid development of electric transportation,it has become inevitable to trigger a new round of competition in alternative energy storage systems.Some monovalent rechargeable metal ion batteries(sodium ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium ion batteries(PIBs),etc.)and multi-valent rechargeable metal-ion batteries(magnesium ion batteries(MIBs),calcium ion batteries(CIBs),zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),and aluminum ion batteries(AIBs),etc.)are potential candidates,which can replace LIBs in some of the scenarios to alleviate the pressure on supply.The cathode material plays a crucial role in determining the battery capacity.Transition metal compounds dominated by layered transition metal oxides as key cathode materials for secondary batteries play an important role in the advancement of various battery energy storage systems.In summary,this manuscript aims to review and summarize the research progress on transition metal compounds used as cathodes in different metal ion batteries,with the aim of providing valuable guidance for the exploration and design of high-performance integrated battery systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1103300)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82293630)+3 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z211100002921071)the Peking University Medicine Fund for the World’s Leading Discipline or Discipline Cluster Development(No.71003Y3035)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82570262 and No.82570208)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L252196)。
文摘This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries,hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022.The overall incidence has stabilized nationally,but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages.A bimodal age pattern persists,with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults,while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life,and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes.Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia,and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents,venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients.In parallel,universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition,and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.Tobacco,obesity,benzene and radon remain the principal modifiable drivers of leukemogenesis.Strengthening data completeness,widening equitable access to precision therapies and controlling these environmental risks are essential to sustaining the observed continuous improvement in leukemia patient survival and ensuring that ever more Chinese patients achieve a cure or durable disease control in the decades ahead.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1307705).
文摘BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.
文摘Purpose–This study summarizes the overall situation of the resources of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry,including the distribution of platform types,supporting institutions,construction sites,professional fields,etc.,to provide a reference for the further improvement and optimization of the national science and technology innovation platform system in the railway industry.Design/methodology/approach–Through literature review,field investigation,expert consultation and other methods,this paper systematically investigates and analyzes the development status of the national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.Findings–Taking the national science and technology innovation platform of the railway industry as the research object,this paper investigates and analyzes the construction,development and distribution of the national science and technology innovation platform of railway industry over the years.And the National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit System Technology was taken as an example to introduce its operation effect.Originality/value–China Railway has made great development achievements,with the construction and development of national science and technology innovation platform in the railway industry.In recent years,a large number of national science and technology innovation platforms have been built in the railway industry,which play an important role in railway technological innovation,standard setting and commodification,and Railway Sciences provide strong support for railway technology development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Project(No.42050103)Higher Education Disciplinary Innovation Program(No.B25052)+2 种基金the Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team Project(No.2021ZT09H399)the Ministry of Education’s Frontiers Science Center for Deep-Time Digital Earth(DDE)(No.2652023001)Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(DD20240206201)。
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,advances in big data and artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift in the geosciences,moving the field from qualitative descriptions toward quantitative analysis,from observing phenomena to uncovering underlying mechanisms,from regional-scale investigations to global perspectives,and from experience-based inference toward data-and model-enabled intelligent prediction.AlphaEarth Foundations(AEF)is a next-generation geospatial intelligence platform that addresses these changes by introducing a unified 64-dimensional shared embedding space,enabling-for the first time-standardized representation and seamless integration of 12 distinct types of Earth observation data,including optical,radar,and lidar.This framework significantly improves data assimilation efficiency and resolves the persistent problem of“data silos”in geoscience research.AEF is helping redefine research methodologies and fostering breakthroughs,particularly in quantitative Earth system science.This paper systematically examines how AEF’s innovative architecture-featuring multi-source data fusion,high-dimensional feature representation learning,and a scalable computational framework-facilitates intelligent,precise,and realtime data-driven geoscientific research.Using case studies from resource and environmental applications,we demonstrate AEF’s broad potential and identify emerging innovation needs.Our findings show that AEF not only enhances the efficiency of solving traditional geoscientific problems but also stimulates novel research directions and methodological approaches.
