With the continuous breakthroughs in large model capabilities,the profound impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on national security,economy,and politics is becoming increasingly evident.Major countries are formulatin...With the continuous breakthroughs in large model capabilities,the profound impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on national security,economy,and politics is becoming increasingly evident.Major countries are formulating national AI strategies to compete for future technological dominance.Against this backdrop,the European Union(EU)has chosen a path centered on norm-shaping and values leadership,attempting to dominate global AI governance through rule-setting and ethical initiatives.However,this strategy of“regulation first”faces increasingly prominent tensions and imbalances in the face of rapidly evolving technological innovation and intensifying geopolitical competition.To enhance its technological competitiveness while maintaining its advantage in norms,the EU is attempting to adjust its AI strategy,which will bring opportunities for the development of AI in the EU and China-EU AI governance cooperation.展开更多
Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employe...Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employed to fabricate a multi-layer PENG based on a cellulose/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)blend film matrix,incorporating multi-phase BCZT(0.1BaZr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)-0.9Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3))ceramic fillers.Structural characterization via SEM and TEM revealed that an intricate hydrogen-bond network facilitated the uniform dispersion of ceramic fillers within the composite film’s sub-layers.In order to study the effect of filler distribution on piezoelectric performance,the single-and double-layer composite films with varying BCZT configurations were produced and evaluated.The results demonstrated that double-layer PENGs exhibit significantly enhanced electrical output compared to their single-layer counterparts,with the D-L_(3)H_(7) configuration achieving an open circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 23.13 V and a short circuit current(I_(SC))of 8.32μA.This enhancement is attributed to increased inter-layer interfaces,which effectively suppressed charge injection and migration,leading to improved charge density.Additionally,the presence of sharp tipped hexagonal tetragonal phase nanoparticles induced an electric field enhancement effect,further optimizing performance.展开更多
ASEAN’s major power balancing strategy refers to the balancing strategy adopted by ASEAN and its member states to seek national and regional security and development by maintaining multi-faceted friendship and impart...ASEAN’s major power balancing strategy refers to the balancing strategy adopted by ASEAN and its member states to seek national and regional security and development by maintaining multi-faceted friendship and impartiality with surrounding major powers.The evolution of this strategy is a process of dynamic adjustment,with ASEAN and its members being the implementing subjects,major powers the objects.展开更多
Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects exte...Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
English reading proficiency is essential for university students in a globalized academic environment,yet many L2 learners encounter challenges,such as limited vocabulary,complex syntax,and unclear text organization,l...English reading proficiency is essential for university students in a globalized academic environment,yet many L2 learners encounter challenges,such as limited vocabulary,complex syntax,and unclear text organization,leading to cognitive overload.Grounded in the Cognitive Load Theory(CLT),this study examines the role of the Chunking Reading Processing Strategy-which integrates fragmented linguistic information into meaningful units at lexical,syntactic,and discourse levels-in alleviating cognitive load and improving reading comprehension.Through a mixed-methods approach,the research investigates how learners at different proficiency levels perceive and apply the chunking strategy,and how such application relates to cognitive load management.The results indicate that higher-proficiency learners employ chunking more frequently and report greater benefits,whereas lower-proficiency learners depend more on instructional support.The study confirms the theoretical and pedagogical value of chunk-based reading instruction and suggests that differentiated,cognitively informed teaching of the chunking strategy can enhance both reading efficiency and strategic awareness among L2 learners.展开更多
Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or ...Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.展开更多
Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespr...Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.展开更多
Male breast cancer(MBC)is rare,representing 0.5%–1%of all breast cancers,but its incidence is increasing due to improved diagnostics and awareness.MBC typically presents in older men,is human epidermal growth factor ...Male breast cancer(MBC)is rare,representing 0.5%–1%of all breast cancers,but its incidence is increasing due to improved diagnostics and awareness.MBC typically presents in older men,is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative and estrogen receptor(ER)-positive,and lacks routine screening,leading to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease.Major risk factors include hormonal imbalance,radiation exposure,obesity,alcohol use,and Breast Cancer Gene 1 and 2(BRCA1/2)mutations.Clinically,it may resemble gynecomastia but usually appears as a unilateral,painless mass or nipple discharge.Advances in imaging and liquid biopsy have enhanced early detection.Molecular mechanisms involve hormonal signaling,HER2/epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)pathways,tumor suppressor gene alterations,and epigenetic changes.While standard treatments mirror those for female breast cancer,emerging options such as cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6(CDK4/6),and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors,immunotherapy,and precision medicine are reshaping management.Incorporating artificial intelligence,molecular profiling,and male-specific clinical trials is essential to improve outcomes and bridge current diagnostic and therapeutic gaps.展开更多
Wolfram syndrome(WS)is a rare autosomal rece s s i ve disease characte r i zed by the development of diabetes insipidus,diabetes mellitus,optic atrophy,and deafness(often referred to as DIDMOAD),and overall severe neu...Wolfram syndrome(WS)is a rare autosomal rece s s i ve disease characte r i zed by the development of diabetes insipidus,diabetes mellitus,optic atrophy,and deafness(often referred to as DIDMOAD),and overall severe neurodegenerative fallback.The global prevalence of this disease is estimated at 1 in 770,000(Lee et al.,2023).It is most commonly caused by biallelic(point)mutations in the Wolframin endoplasmic reticulum(ER)transmembrane glycoprotein(WFS1)gene(in case of WS type 1),but mutations in the CDGSH Iron Sulfur Domain 2(CISD2)are also linked to WS(type 2).The latter,however,often present with less severe pathological manifestations(Lee et al.,2023).WFS1 is located on chromosome 4p16.1 and spans over 33 kilobases.Many mutation variants have been identified in WFS1,encompassing missense,nonsense,and frameshift mutations.These mutations are spread across the coding region of WFS1,but certain regions,such as exon 8,the largest exon,appear particularly mutation-prone and associated with the classical WS type 1 phenotype(Lee et al.,2023).展开更多
The establishment and rapid rise of the European Union (EU) have increasingly made Europe an independent force. Objectively, the enlargement of both the EU and NATO has speeded up the process of European integration, ...The establishment and rapid rise of the European Union (EU) have increasingly made Europe an independent force. Objectively, the enlargement of both the EU and NATO has speeded up the process of European integration, and "One important link of Russia’s diplomacy展开更多
China is a country with complex terrain and complex geological conditions.With the development of economy and society,the demand for transportation is also increasing.There are many railways on the mountainous areas.G...China is a country with complex terrain and complex geological conditions.With the development of economy and society,the demand for transportation is also increasing.There are many railways on the mountainous areas.Geological diseases severely affect the construction quality and safe operation of the tunnel,causing huge economic losses.This paper introduces the principles and application strategies of these technologies.展开更多
The "Link West" strategy is the inevitable result of India’s continuous improvement of its comprehensive national strength, representing an important tool to enhance its status as a major power. While its c...The "Link West" strategy is the inevitable result of India’s continuous improvement of its comprehensive national strength, representing an important tool to enhance its status as a major power. While its connotation and regional extension continues to develop, its overall effectiveness remains in question and requires further observation.展开更多
Since the Trump administration,the national security strategy of the United States has focused on addressing the major power competition and regarded China as its main strategic competitor,which has been profoundly re...Since the Trump administration,the national security strategy of the United States has focused on addressing the major power competition and regarded China as its main strategic competitor,which has been profoundly reflected in its introduction of the Indo-Pacific Strategy.The United States has certain resource advantages in the process of advancing the Indo-Pacific Strategy,and has made some progress of it.Nonetheless,the prospect of the strategy does not entirely depend on the will and action of the United States,but also on the joint action of other elements.展开更多
Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longe...Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longer period.A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)and state of charge(SOC)region division for the batteries are introduced to solve the objective function and configuration of the system capacity,respectively.MATLAB/Simulink was used for simulation test.The optimization results show that for a 0.5 MW wind power and 0.5 MW photovoltaic system,with a combination of a 300 Ah lithium battery,a 200 Ah lead-acid battery,and a water storage tank,the proposed strategy reduces the system construction cost by approximately 18,000 yuan.Additionally,the cycle count of the electrochemical energy storage systemincreases from4515 to 4660,while the depth of discharge decreases from 55.37%to 53.65%,achieving shallow charging and discharging,thereby extending battery life and reducing grid voltage fluctuations significantly.The proposed strategy is a guide for stabilizing the grid connection of wind and solar power generation,capability allocation,and energy management of energy conservation systems.展开更多
The Indo-Pacific Strategy Report(IPSR)released by the U.S.Department of Defense on June 1,2019 expounded America’s historic ties to the Indo-Pacific region,looked forward to and established the vision and principles...The Indo-Pacific Strategy Report(IPSR)released by the U.S.Department of Defense on June 1,2019 expounded America’s historic ties to the Indo-Pacific region,looked forward to and established the vision and principles of“One Free and Open Indo-Pacific”,analyzed the strategic picture for the region,and clarified the pluralistic challenges faced by the U.S.and the policy measures to tackle these challenges.Based on the text of IPSR,this essay gives an analysis and study of the historic evolution,policy measurement and restrictive factors of the U.S.“Indo-Pacific Strategy”.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gas...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequen...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequently influenced by the patient's nutritional status and the quality of nursing care provided.AIM To examine the comprehensive impact of personalized nutritional support and nursing strategies on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer.METHODS In this study,a retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 60 post-operative liver cancer patients.The subjects were selected as subjects and divided into two groups based on differing nursing interventions,with each group comprising 30 patients.The control group received standard nutritional support and care,whereas the experimental group received individualized nutritional support and nursing strategies.The study aimed to evaluate the impact of individualized nutrition by comparing the rehabilitation indices,nutritional status,quality of life(QoL),and complication rates between the two groups.RESULTS The results showed that the recovery index of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group 2 weeks after surgery,and the average liver function recovery index of the experimental group was 85.significantly higher than that of the control group(73.67±7.19).In terms of nutritional status,the serum albumin level and body weight stabilization rate of the experimental group were also significantly higher than those of the control group,which were 42.33±2.4 g/L and 93.3%,respectively,compared with 36.01±3.85 g/L and 76.7%of the control group.In addition,the average QoL score of the experimental group was 84.66±3.7 points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.92±4.28 points).At the psychological level,the average anxiety score of the experimental group was 1.17±0.29,and the average depression score was 1.47±0.4,which were significantly lower than the 2.26±0.42 and 2.57±0.45 of the control group.This showed that patients in the experimental group were better relieved of anxiety and depression under the individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy.More importantly,the complication rate in the experimental group was only 10%,much lower than the 33.3%in the control group.CONCLUSION Personalized nutritional support and tailored nursing strategies significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation of liver cancer patients.Consequently,it is recommended to implement and advocate for these individualized approaches to improve both the recovery outcomes and QoL for these patients.展开更多
文摘With the continuous breakthroughs in large model capabilities,the profound impact of artificial intelligence(AI)on national security,economy,and politics is becoming increasingly evident.Major countries are formulating national AI strategies to compete for future technological dominance.Against this backdrop,the European Union(EU)has chosen a path centered on norm-shaping and values leadership,attempting to dominate global AI governance through rule-setting and ethical initiatives.However,this strategy of“regulation first”faces increasingly prominent tensions and imbalances in the face of rapidly evolving technological innovation and intensifying geopolitical competition.To enhance its technological competitiveness while maintaining its advantage in norms,the EU is attempting to adjust its AI strategy,which will bring opportunities for the development of AI in the EU and China-EU AI governance cooperation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52472132)Opening Project of Engineering Research Center of Eco-friendly Polymeric Materials,Ministry of Education(EFP-KF2403)Innovation Service Capability Support Plan of Xianyang(Science and Technology Innovation Talents)。
文摘Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employed to fabricate a multi-layer PENG based on a cellulose/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)blend film matrix,incorporating multi-phase BCZT(0.1BaZr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)-0.9Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3))ceramic fillers.Structural characterization via SEM and TEM revealed that an intricate hydrogen-bond network facilitated the uniform dispersion of ceramic fillers within the composite film’s sub-layers.In order to study the effect of filler distribution on piezoelectric performance,the single-and double-layer composite films with varying BCZT configurations were produced and evaluated.The results demonstrated that double-layer PENGs exhibit significantly enhanced electrical output compared to their single-layer counterparts,with the D-L_(3)H_(7) configuration achieving an open circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 23.13 V and a short circuit current(I_(SC))of 8.32μA.This enhancement is attributed to increased inter-layer interfaces,which effectively suppressed charge injection and migration,leading to improved charge density.Additionally,the presence of sharp tipped hexagonal tetragonal phase nanoparticles induced an electric field enhancement effect,further optimizing performance.
文摘ASEAN’s major power balancing strategy refers to the balancing strategy adopted by ASEAN and its member states to seek national and regional security and development by maintaining multi-faceted friendship and impartiality with surrounding major powers.The evolution of this strategy is a process of dynamic adjustment,with ASEAN and its members being the implementing subjects,major powers the objects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52021005,52325904,and 51991391)。
文摘Geological prospecting and the identification of adverse geological features are essential in tunnel construction,providing critical information to ensure safety and guide engineering decisions.As tunnel projects extend into deeper and more mountainous terrains,engineers face increasingly complex geological conditions,including high water pressure,intense geo-stress,elevated geothermal gradients,and active fault zones.These conditions pose substantial risks such as high-pressure water inrush,largescale collapses,and tunnel boring machine(TBM)blockages.Addressing these challenges requires advanced detection technologies capable of long-distance,high-precision,and intelligent assessments of adverse geology.This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in tunnel geological ahead prospecting methods.It summarizes the fundamental principles,technical maturity,key challenges,development trends,and real-world applications of various detection techniques.Airborne and semi-airborne geophysical methods enable large-scale reconnaissance for initial surveys in complex terrain.Tunnel-and borehole-based approaches offer high-resolution detection during excavation,including seismic ahead prospecting(SAP),TBM rock-breaking source seismic methods,fulltime-domain tunnel induced polarization(TIP),borehole electrical resistivity,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).To address scenarios involving multiple,coexisting adverse geologies,intelligent inversion and geological identification methods have been developed based on multi-source data fusion and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques.Overall,these advances significantly improve detection range,resolution,and geological characterization capabilities.The methods demonstrate strong adaptability to complex environments and provide reliable subsurface information,supporting safer and more efficient tunnel construction.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
基金funded by the 2024 Shanghai Social Science Planning Annual Project titled“A Study on the Chunk Processing Mechanisms and Cognitive Motivations of ESL Reading”(Fund No.2024BYY012).
文摘English reading proficiency is essential for university students in a globalized academic environment,yet many L2 learners encounter challenges,such as limited vocabulary,complex syntax,and unclear text organization,leading to cognitive overload.Grounded in the Cognitive Load Theory(CLT),this study examines the role of the Chunking Reading Processing Strategy-which integrates fragmented linguistic information into meaningful units at lexical,syntactic,and discourse levels-in alleviating cognitive load and improving reading comprehension.Through a mixed-methods approach,the research investigates how learners at different proficiency levels perceive and apply the chunking strategy,and how such application relates to cognitive load management.The results indicate that higher-proficiency learners employ chunking more frequently and report greater benefits,whereas lower-proficiency learners depend more on instructional support.The study confirms the theoretical and pedagogical value of chunk-based reading instruction and suggests that differentiated,cognitively informed teaching of the chunking strategy can enhance both reading efficiency and strategic awareness among L2 learners.
文摘Conventional locking/release mechanisms often face challenges in aircraft wing separation processes,such as excessive impact loads and insufficient synchronization.These may cause structural damage to the airframe or attitude instability,seriously compromising mission reliability.To address this engineering challenge,this paper proposes a multi-point low-impact locking/release mechanism based on the mobility model and energy conversion strategy.Through establishing a DOF constraint framework system,this paper systematically analyzes the energy transfer and conversion characteristics during the wing separation process,reveals the generation mechanism of impact loads,and conducts research on low-impact design based on energy conversion strategy.Building on this foundation,a single-point locking/release mechanism employing parallel trapezoidal key shaft structure was designed,which increases frictional contact time and reduces the energy release rate,thereby achieving low-impact characteristics.The mechanism's performance was validated through physical prototype development and systematic functional testing(including unlocking force,synchronization,and impact tests).Experimental results demonstrate:(1)Under 14 kN preload condition,the maximum unlocking force was only 92.54 N,showing a linear relationship with preload that satisfies the"strong-connection/weak-unlock"design requirement;(2)Wing separation was completed within 46 ms,with synchronization time difference among three separation mechanisms stably controlled within 12-14 ms,proving rapid and reliable operation;(3)The unlocking impact acceleration ranged between 26 and 73 g,below the 100 g design limit,confirming the effectiveness of the energy conversion strategy.The proposed low-impact locking/release mechanism design method based on energy conversion strategy resolves the traditional challenges of high impact and synchronization deficiencies.The synergistic optimization mechanism of"structural load reduction and performance improvement"provides a highly reliable technical solution for wing separable mechanisms while offering novel design insights for wing connection/separation systems engineering.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12305372 and 22376217)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1603802 and 2022YFB3504100)+1 种基金the projects of the key laboratory of advanced energy materials chemistry,ministry of education(Nankai University)key laboratory of Jiangxi Province for persistent pollutants prevention control and resource reuse(2023SSY02061)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.
文摘Male breast cancer(MBC)is rare,representing 0.5%–1%of all breast cancers,but its incidence is increasing due to improved diagnostics and awareness.MBC typically presents in older men,is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative and estrogen receptor(ER)-positive,and lacks routine screening,leading to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease.Major risk factors include hormonal imbalance,radiation exposure,obesity,alcohol use,and Breast Cancer Gene 1 and 2(BRCA1/2)mutations.Clinically,it may resemble gynecomastia but usually appears as a unilateral,painless mass or nipple discharge.Advances in imaging and liquid biopsy have enhanced early detection.Molecular mechanisms involve hormonal signaling,HER2/epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)pathways,tumor suppressor gene alterations,and epigenetic changes.While standard treatments mirror those for female breast cancer,emerging options such as cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6(CDK4/6),and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors,immunotherapy,and precision medicine are reshaping management.Incorporating artificial intelligence,molecular profiling,and male-specific clinical trials is essential to improve outcomes and bridge current diagnostic and therapeutic gaps.
基金Research into Wolfram syndrome in the De Groef team has been supported by the Eye Hope Foundation(Belgium),Wolfram UK(UK)and The Snow Foundation(USA).
文摘Wolfram syndrome(WS)is a rare autosomal rece s s i ve disease characte r i zed by the development of diabetes insipidus,diabetes mellitus,optic atrophy,and deafness(often referred to as DIDMOAD),and overall severe neurodegenerative fallback.The global prevalence of this disease is estimated at 1 in 770,000(Lee et al.,2023).It is most commonly caused by biallelic(point)mutations in the Wolframin endoplasmic reticulum(ER)transmembrane glycoprotein(WFS1)gene(in case of WS type 1),but mutations in the CDGSH Iron Sulfur Domain 2(CISD2)are also linked to WS(type 2).The latter,however,often present with less severe pathological manifestations(Lee et al.,2023).WFS1 is located on chromosome 4p16.1 and spans over 33 kilobases.Many mutation variants have been identified in WFS1,encompassing missense,nonsense,and frameshift mutations.These mutations are spread across the coding region of WFS1,but certain regions,such as exon 8,the largest exon,appear particularly mutation-prone and associated with the classical WS type 1 phenotype(Lee et al.,2023).
文摘The establishment and rapid rise of the European Union (EU) have increasingly made Europe an independent force. Objectively, the enlargement of both the EU and NATO has speeded up the process of European integration, and "One important link of Russia’s diplomacy
文摘China is a country with complex terrain and complex geological conditions.With the development of economy and society,the demand for transportation is also increasing.There are many railways on the mountainous areas.Geological diseases severely affect the construction quality and safe operation of the tunnel,causing huge economic losses.This paper introduces the principles and application strategies of these technologies.
文摘The "Link West" strategy is the inevitable result of India’s continuous improvement of its comprehensive national strength, representing an important tool to enhance its status as a major power. While its connotation and regional extension continues to develop, its overall effectiveness remains in question and requires further observation.
文摘Since the Trump administration,the national security strategy of the United States has focused on addressing the major power competition and regarded China as its main strategic competitor,which has been profoundly reflected in its introduction of the Indo-Pacific Strategy.The United States has certain resource advantages in the process of advancing the Indo-Pacific Strategy,and has made some progress of it.Nonetheless,the prospect of the strategy does not entirely depend on the will and action of the United States,but also on the joint action of other elements.
基金supported by a Horizontal Project on the Development of a Hybrid Energy Storage Simulation Model for Wind Power Based on an RT-LAB Simulation System(PH2023000190)the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project and the Optimization of Exergy Efficiency of a Hybrid Energy Storage System with Crossover Control for Wind Power(2023JQ04).
文摘Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longer period.A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)and state of charge(SOC)region division for the batteries are introduced to solve the objective function and configuration of the system capacity,respectively.MATLAB/Simulink was used for simulation test.The optimization results show that for a 0.5 MW wind power and 0.5 MW photovoltaic system,with a combination of a 300 Ah lithium battery,a 200 Ah lead-acid battery,and a water storage tank,the proposed strategy reduces the system construction cost by approximately 18,000 yuan.Additionally,the cycle count of the electrochemical energy storage systemincreases from4515 to 4660,while the depth of discharge decreases from 55.37%to 53.65%,achieving shallow charging and discharging,thereby extending battery life and reducing grid voltage fluctuations significantly.The proposed strategy is a guide for stabilizing the grid connection of wind and solar power generation,capability allocation,and energy management of energy conservation systems.
文摘The Indo-Pacific Strategy Report(IPSR)released by the U.S.Department of Defense on June 1,2019 expounded America’s historic ties to the Indo-Pacific region,looked forward to and established the vision and principles of“One Free and Open Indo-Pacific”,analyzed the strategic picture for the region,and clarified the pluralistic challenges faced by the U.S.and the policy measures to tackle these challenges.Based on the text of IPSR,this essay gives an analysis and study of the historic evolution,policy measurement and restrictive factors of the U.S.“Indo-Pacific Strategy”.
基金the Research Project of the Chinese Digestive Early Cancer Physicians’Joint Growth Program,No.GTCZ-2021-AH-34-0012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide,especially in East Asia.AIM To explore the clinical outcomes and progression-related factors of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)in the gastric mucosa and provide valuable guidance for improving treatment efficacy.METHODS A total of 357 patients diagnosed with LGIN based on initial pathological examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital or three other medical consortium units between January 2022 and June 2024 were included.Among them,296 patients were followed up with endoscopic and biopsy pathology.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relevant risk factors for LGIN progression in the gastric mucosa.RESULTS The distribution sites of LGIN among the 357 patients were as follows:Gastric antrum(54.6%),gastric cardia(24.1%),gastric angulus(8.7%),gastric body(4.8%),gastric fundus(4.8%),and multiple sites(3.1%).Additionally,of the 357 patients with LGIN,112(31.4%)developed ulceration and 59(16.5%)experienced gastric polyps.Furthermore,231 of the 357(64.71%)patients with LGIN tested positive for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The H.pylori infection rates of the patients with LGIN with accompanying atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,and gastric ulcer were 51.95%,59.31%,and 28.57%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years[odds ratio(OR)=3.063,95%confidence interval(CI):1.351-6.945,P=0.007],H.pylori infection(OR=3.560,95%CI:1.158-10.949,P=0.027),multiple locations(OR=10.136,95%CI:2.045-50.237,P=0.005),lesion size≥2 cm(OR=3.921,95%CI:1.664-9.237,P=0.002),and gastric ulcer(OR=2.730,95%CI:1.197-6.223,P=0.017)were predictive factors for LGIN progression.CONCLUSION LGIN progression is closely related to age,H.pylori positivity,multiple locations,lesion size≥2 cm,and gastric ulcer.Thus,actively identifying these risk factors in patients with LGIN may have certain clinical significance in preventing further tumor progression.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms.Surgical intervention constitutes a critical therapeutic approach for this condition.Nonetheless,postoperative recovery is frequently influenced by the patient's nutritional status and the quality of nursing care provided.AIM To examine the comprehensive impact of personalized nutritional support and nursing strategies on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with liver cancer.METHODS In this study,a retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 60 post-operative liver cancer patients.The subjects were selected as subjects and divided into two groups based on differing nursing interventions,with each group comprising 30 patients.The control group received standard nutritional support and care,whereas the experimental group received individualized nutritional support and nursing strategies.The study aimed to evaluate the impact of individualized nutrition by comparing the rehabilitation indices,nutritional status,quality of life(QoL),and complication rates between the two groups.RESULTS The results showed that the recovery index of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group 2 weeks after surgery,and the average liver function recovery index of the experimental group was 85.significantly higher than that of the control group(73.67±7.19).In terms of nutritional status,the serum albumin level and body weight stabilization rate of the experimental group were also significantly higher than those of the control group,which were 42.33±2.4 g/L and 93.3%,respectively,compared with 36.01±3.85 g/L and 76.7%of the control group.In addition,the average QoL score of the experimental group was 84.66±3.7 points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.92±4.28 points).At the psychological level,the average anxiety score of the experimental group was 1.17±0.29,and the average depression score was 1.47±0.4,which were significantly lower than the 2.26±0.42 and 2.57±0.45 of the control group.This showed that patients in the experimental group were better relieved of anxiety and depression under the individualized nutrition support and nursing strategy.More importantly,the complication rate in the experimental group was only 10%,much lower than the 33.3%in the control group.CONCLUSION Personalized nutritional support and tailored nursing strategies significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation of liver cancer patients.Consequently,it is recommended to implement and advocate for these individualized approaches to improve both the recovery outcomes and QoL for these patients.
