In real-world scenarios,dual-view X-ray machines have outnumbered single-view X-ray machines due to their ability to provide comprehensive internal information about the baggage,which is important for identifying proh...In real-world scenarios,dual-view X-ray machines have outnumbered single-view X-ray machines due to their ability to provide comprehensive internal information about the baggage,which is important for identifying prohibited items that are not visible in one view due to rotation or overlap.However,existing work still focuses mainly on single-view,and the limited dual-viewbasedwork only performs simple information fusion at the feature or decision level and lacks effective utilization of the complementary information hidden in dual view.To this end,this paper proposes an end-to-end dual-view prohibited item detection method,the core of which is an adaptive material-aware coordinate-aligned attention module(MACA)and an adaptive adjustment strategy(AAS).Specifically,we observe that in X-ray images,the material information of an object can be represented by color and texture features,and remains consistent across views,even under complex backgrounds.Therefore,our MACA first integrates the material information of the prohibited items in each view and then smoothly transfers these clearmaterial clues along the shared axis to the corresponding locations in the other view to enhance the feature representation of the blurred prohibited items in the other view.In addition,AAS can autonomously adjust the importance of the two views during feature learning to make joint optimizationmore stable and effective.Experiments on the DvXray dataset demonstrate that the proposed MACA and AAS can be plug-and-played into various detectors,such as Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)and Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detector(FCOS),and bring consistent performance gains.The entire framework performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods,especially on small-sized prohibited items,highlighting its potential application in reality.展开更多
Combined Heat and Power Economic Dispatch(CHPED)is an important problem in the energy field,and it is beneficial for improving the utilization efficiency of power and heat energies.This paper proposes a Modified Genet...Combined Heat and Power Economic Dispatch(CHPED)is an important problem in the energy field,and it is beneficial for improving the utilization efficiency of power and heat energies.This paper proposes a Modified Genetic Algorithm(MGA)to determine the power and heat outputs of three kinds of units for CHPED.First,MGA replaces the simulated binary crossover by a new one based on the uniform and guassian distributions,and its convergence can be enhanced.Second,MGA modi-fies the mutation operator by introducing a disturbance coefficient based on guassian distribution,which can decrease the risk of being trapped into local optima.Eight instances with or without prohibited operating zones are used to investigate the efficiencies of MGA and other four genetic algorithms for CHPED.In comparison with the other algorithms,MGA has reduced generation costs by at least 562.73$,1068.7$,522.68$and 1016.24$,respectively,for instances 3,4,7 and 8,and it has reduced generation costs by at most 848.22$,3642.85$,897.63$and 3812.65$,respectively,for instances 3,4,7 and 8.Therefore,MGA has desirable convergence and stability for CHPED in comparison with the other four genetic algorithms.展开更多
This paper describes a method qualitative analysis of some prohibited drugs in functional food by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The result showed that ibuprofen,phenacetin,bendazol,voltaren,diazepam, nifendipin...This paper describes a method qualitative analysis of some prohibited drugs in functional food by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The result showed that ibuprofen,phenacetin,bendazol,voltaren,diazepam, nifendipinc,metoclopramide,indomethacin and 6 kinds of decomposition product were exist in the samples which we have tested.展开更多
The author＇s research topics include economic and legal questions concerning prostitution and drug use. There are two extreme models in these two areas, one represented by Sweden and the other by the Netherlands. Swe...The author＇s research topics include economic and legal questions concerning prostitution and drug use. There are two extreme models in these two areas, one represented by Sweden and the other by the Netherlands. Sweden votes for the model of a ＂prostitution and drug free society＂, while the latter represents a looser, more liberal view. This presentation aims to answer the question whether the statistics support the presumptions of either model. To shed light on these issues, facts and figures published by the Swedish and Dutch statistics offices as well as other studies on the subject were analyzed. During the course of the past few decades. the income from the prostitution and drug markets in Sweden was virtually unchanged. This may be considered as a failure： prostitution and drug use could not be decreased further. It may also be considered as an achievement： while these two markets were growing in many countries, at least in the case of Sweden the situation did not become worse. It seems that the liberal regulation of drugs and prostitution in the Netherlands has not been a successful venture. It is no wonder that there are plans for changes and limitations to the prostitution sector with new regulations, although complete prohibition has not been raised as an issue. The consumption of drugs has been increasing. In this respect, alongside the liberal stance on the issue, increasing emphasis is placed on deterrence from light drugs.展开更多
A modified cuckoo search(CS) algorithm is proposed to solve economic dispatch(ED) problems that have nonconvex, non-continuous or non-linear solution spaces considering valve-point effects, prohibited operating zones,...A modified cuckoo search(CS) algorithm is proposed to solve economic dispatch(ED) problems that have nonconvex, non-continuous or non-linear solution spaces considering valve-point effects, prohibited operating zones, transmission losses and ramp rate limits. Comparing with the traditional cuckoo search algorithm, we propose a self-adaptive step size and some neighbor-study strategies to enhance search performance.Moreover, an improved lambda iteration strategy is used to generate new solutions. To show the superiority of the proposed algorithm over several classic algorithms, four systems with different benchmarks are tested. The results show its efficiency to solve economic dispatch problems, especially for large-scale systems.展开更多
Agriculture-oriented cities in Northeastern China have experienced frequent atmospheric pollution events.Deeper understandings of the pollution characteristics,haze causes and effects of management on local air qualit...Agriculture-oriented cities in Northeastern China have experienced frequent atmospheric pollution events.Deeper understandings of the pollution characteristics,haze causes and effects of management on local air quality are crucial for conducting integrated management approaches for the sustainable development of agriculture-oriented cities.Taking a typical agriculture-dominant city(i.e.,Suihua)in Northeast China,we analyzed in detail the characteristics and causes of atmospheric pollution and evaluated the straw-burning prohibition using multisource data.The results showed a clear temporal pattern of air quality index(AQI)on an annual scale(i.e.,2015-April 2019),with two typical pollution periods occurring in late autumn and early spring.The large areas of concentrated straw burning at local and regional scales accounted for the first period(i.e.,October and November),while dust emissions and farming disturbances comprised the second period.The interannual variation in pollution periods among these years was large,showing similar trends from 2015 to 2017 and the postponed late-autumn pollution period in 2018.Our evaluation has shown that the prohibition effect of straw burning significantly improved air quality in 2018,with a reduction of 59%±88%in the PM2.5 concentrations in October and November compared to 2015–2017.However,From October to April of the following year,the improvement effect was not significant due to postponement of straw burning to February or March.Our analysis also highlighted the roles of meteorological conditions,Therefore,combined with the promotion of straw utilization,scientifically prescribed burning considering the burning amount and location,meteorological conditions and regional transportation should be implemented.展开更多
This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm (GA) based particle swarm optimization (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. The non-linear c...This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm (GA) based particle swarm optimization (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. The non-linear characteristics of the generators, such as prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and non-smooth cost functions of the practical generator operation are considered. The proposed hybrid algorithm is demonstrated for three different systems and the performance is compared with the GA and PSO in terms of solution quality and computation efficiency. Comparison of results proved that the proposed algo- rithm can obtain higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problems. A comprehensive software package is developed using MATLAB.展开更多
Multi-place nonlocal systems have attracted attention from many scientists.In this paper,we mainly review the recent progresses on two-place nonlocal systems(Alice-Bob systems)and four-place nonlocal models.Multi-plac...Multi-place nonlocal systems have attracted attention from many scientists.In this paper,we mainly review the recent progresses on two-place nonlocal systems(Alice-Bob systems)and four-place nonlocal models.Multi-place systems can firstly be derived from many physical problems by using a multiple scaling method with a discrete symmetry group including parity,time reversal,charge conjugates,rotations,field reversal and exchange transformations.Multiplace nonlocal systems can also be derived from the symmetry reductions of coupled nonlinear systems via discrete symmetry reductions.On the other hand,to solve multi-place nonlocal systems,one can use the symmetry-antisymmetry separation approach related to a suitable discrete symmetry group,such that the separated systems are coupled local ones.By using the separation method,all the known powerful methods used in local systems can be applied to nonlocal cases.In this review article,we take two-place and four-place nonlocal nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)systems and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP)equations as simple examples to explain how to derive and solve them.Some types of novel physical and mathematical points related to the nonlocal systems are especially emphasized.展开更多
Due to the diversity and feasibility of structural modification for organic molecules,organic-based redox flow batteries(ORFBs)have been widely investigated,especially in aqueous solution under neutral circumstance.In...Due to the diversity and feasibility of structural modification for organic molecules,organic-based redox flow batteries(ORFBs)have been widely investigated,especially in aqueous solution under neutral circumstance.In this work,a symmetric aqueous redox flow battery(SARFB)was rationally designed by employing a bipolar redox active molecule(N,N’-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium diiodide,MVI2)as both cathode and anode materials and combining with an anion exchange membrane.For one MVI2 flow battery,MV2+/MV·+and I-/I3-serve as the redox couples of anode and cathode,respectively.The MVI2 battery with a working voltage of 1.02 V exhibited a high voltage efficiency of 90.30%and energy efficiency of 89.44%after 450 cycles,and crossover problem was prohibited.The comparable conductivity of MVI2 water solution enabled to construct a battery even without using supporting electrolyte.Besides,the bipolar character of MVI2 battery with/without supporting electrolyte was investigated in the voltage range between-1.2 V and 1.2 V,showing excellent stable cycling stability during the polarity-reversal test.展开更多
In this paper,we developed and validated a simple,sensitive,and selective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS） method to identify and measure the following prohibited substance...In this paper,we developed and validated a simple,sensitive,and selective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS） method to identify and measure the following prohibited substances that may be found in cosmetic products：minoxidil,hydrocortisone, spironolactone,estrone,canrenone,triamcinolone acetonide and progesterone.Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Symmetry C18（100 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm particle size） with a gradient elution system composed of 0.2%（v/v） formic acid aqueous solution and methanol containing 0.2%（v/v） formic acid at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min.The substances were detected using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with an electrospray ionization source.All of the calibration curves showed good linearity（r 〉 0.999） within the tested concentration ranges.The limit of detection was 〈25 pg.The relative standard deviations for intraday precision for each of the prohibited substances were 〈3.5%at two concentration levels（2μg/g,10μg/g）. The relative recovery rate for each of the prohibited substances ranged from 91.8%to 111%at three concentration levels（0.1μg/g,2μg/g,10μg/g）,including the limit of quantification.In conclusion,we have developed and validated a method that can identify seven prohibited substances in cosmetic products.展开更多
Based on data from the investigation in Jiaozhou bay waters in May, July and November in 1987, the distribution, source and seasonal variation of HCH in Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed. The results showed that in Jiaozhou b...Based on data from the investigation in Jiaozhou bay waters in May, July and November in 1987, the distribution, source and seasonal variation of HCH in Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed. The results showed that in Jiaozhou bay HCH content was very low and less than 0.100 μg/L in this year, and better than the national Category I of the sea water quality standard, and the water quality about HCH was very clean;and that The seasonal variation of the HCH content in Jiaozhou bay waters has already vanished, namely, the seasonal variation of the HCH content in this year was not influenced by the rainfall, the runoffs or rivers. The horizontal distributions of the HCH content in the whole bay waters showed that the HCH content in the bay was not only directly input from both runoffs but also from rivers, the HCH source was area-source and came from land. The vertical distributions of the HCH content in the whole bay waters showed that the change of the HCH content at surface was not consistent with the corresponding one at bottom, and that the trend of the HCH distribution at surface was not consistent with that at bottom, and that only the HCH contents at surface and bottom were very close. From the year of four years ago of the prohibition (1979), to the prohibition year of HCH use (1983), and finally to the year after the four years of the prohibition (1987), The change of the HCH input into the bay waters unveiled that the by four years before the prohibition, the pollution of the HCH on land was very grave, and by four years after the prohibition, the HCH content in waters was very low, whose process represented that the process of human being having broken up the earth and the process of the earth having naturally restored. Therefore, Human being would consider not only for own benefits but also for the sustainable development of environment.展开更多
An Alice-Bob Kadomtsev-Petviashivili(ABKP) equation with shifted-parity(■_s^x parity with a shift for the space variable x) and delayed time reversal(■d, time reversal with a delay) symmetries is investigated. The m...An Alice-Bob Kadomtsev-Petviashivili(ABKP) equation with shifted-parity(■_s^x parity with a shift for the space variable x) and delayed time reversal(■d, time reversal with a delay) symmetries is investigated. The multi-soliton solutions with three arbitrary even or odd functions are found from the ■_s^x■_d symmetry reductions of a coupled local KP system. The result shows that for the ABKP equation with ■_s^x■_d nonlocality, the odd numbers of solitons are prohibited.The solitons of the ABKP must be paired. For the ABKPⅡ equation, there exists a critical value of wave numbers for the existence of paired solitons. For the ABKPI equation, there are two types of 'breather' excitations. A lump solution of the ABKPI may possess four, five or six leaves.展开更多
The use of antibiotics to maintain animal health has widely been practiced,for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.Along with the identification of serious adverse effects of some antibiotics on human and domes...The use of antibiotics to maintain animal health has widely been practiced,for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.Along with the identification of serious adverse effects of some antibiotics on human and domestic animals[1],chloramphenicol.展开更多
For identifying and quantifying prohibited substances,solid-phase microextraction(SPME)continues to arouse interest as a sample preparation method.However,the practical implementation of this method in routine laborat...For identifying and quantifying prohibited substances,solid-phase microextraction(SPME)continues to arouse interest as a sample preparation method.However,the practical implementation of this method in routine laboratory testing is currently hindered by the limited number of coatings compatible with the ubiquitous high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)systems.Only octadecyl(C18)and polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene ligands are currently marketed for this purpose.To address this situation,the present study evaluated 12 HPLC-compatible coatings,including several chemistries not currently used in this application.The stationary phases of SPME devices in the geometry of thin filmcoated blades were prepared by applying silica particles bonded with various functional ligands(C18,octyl,phenyl-hexyl,3-cyanopropyl,benzenesulfonic acid,and selected combinations of these),as well as unbonded silica,to a metal support.Most of these chemistries have not been previously used as microextraction coatings.The 48 most commonly misused substances were selected to assess the extraction efficacy of each coating,and eight desorption solvent compositions were used to optimize the desorption conditions.All samples were analyzed using an HPLC system coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.This evaluation enables selection of the best-performing coatings for quantifying prohibited substances and investigates the relationship between extraction efficacy and the physicochemical characteristics of the analytes.Ultimately,using the most suitable coatings is essential for trace-level analysis of chemically diverse prohibited substances.展开更多
Economic dispatch has a significant effect on optimal economical operation in the power systems in industrial revolution 4.0 in terms of considerable savings in revenue.Various non-linearity are added to make the foss...Economic dispatch has a significant effect on optimal economical operation in the power systems in industrial revolution 4.0 in terms of considerable savings in revenue.Various non-linearity are added to make the fossil fuel-based power systems more practical.In order to achieve an accurate economical schedule,valve point loading effect,ramp rate constraints,and prohibited operating zones are being considered for realistic scenarios.In this paper,an improved,and modified version of conventional particle swarm optimization(PSO),called Oscillatory PSO(OPSO),is devised to provide a cheaper schedule with optimum cost.The conventional PSO is improved by deriving a mechanism enabling the particle towards the trajectories of oscillatory motion to acquire the entire search space.A set of differential equations is implemented to expose the condition for trajectory motion in oscillation.Using adaptive inertia weights,this OPSO method provides an optimized cost of generation as compared to the conventional particle swarm optimization and other new meta-heuristic approaches.展开更多
Prohibited pesticide residues have become one of the main factors affecting the quality and safety of Lycii Fructus,However,rarely studies focus on the rapid determination of these residues.Here,a total of 30 kinds of...Prohibited pesticide residues have become one of the main factors affecting the quality and safety of Lycii Fructus,However,rarely studies focus on the rapid determination of these residues.Here,a total of 30 kinds of prohibited pesticide residues were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)in five different process ways.Pretreatment methods,chromatographic separation and detection conditions in mass spectrometry were all optimized accordingly.Among the five different pretreatment methods,the first and third solid phase extraction failed to provide high recoveries of sulfosulfuron compounds(both lower than 60%).Recovery of chlorphenamidine by the Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe multiresidue method(QuEChERS)was lower than 60%,which did not meet the requirements of trace determination.The concentrations of 30 prohibited pesticides residues treated by straightforward and solid phase extraction showed good linearity in their corresponding ranges,with correlation coefficients over 0.99.The average recoveries of straightforward ranged from 78.13%to 110.9%,while RSD ranged from 1.3%to 16.9%,albeit poor purification was observed.The recovery yield from solid phase extraction was between 67.75%and 103.08%with RSD value from 0.8%to 14.0%,which met the requirements of trace determination,this method has good precision and stability.These results could be employed to other Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs)in detecting prohibited pesticide residues.展开更多
Combined with highway construction, the analysis on the relationship betweentunnel construction and coal resource exploitation was processed, which was based onthe research of rational exploitation depth of coal.3D FE...Combined with highway construction, the analysis on the relationship betweentunnel construction and coal resource exploitation was processed, which was based onthe research of rational exploitation depth of coal.3D FEM numerical analysis for tunnelexcavation was carried out according to engineering geological features of coal measurestrata in the project area.Based on the analysis of displacement and stress of the surroundingrock in the tunnel after excavation, the characteristics for displacement andstress of the tunnel support structure were analyzed when the underlying coal bed wasexploited with sublevel and full caving method.In addition, combined with the related codeand standard, the economic and safe prohibiting exploited depth of the underlying coalbed was proposed, so that a scientific basis for tunnel construction of coal measure strataand reasonable exploitation of the mineral resources in complex geological conditions canbe offered.展开更多
Women all over the world are confronted with many difficult choices during pregnancy and child birth. Wrong choices often result in unfavorable outcomes for expectant mothers and their babies, a situation which is com...Women all over the world are confronted with many difficult choices during pregnancy and child birth. Wrong choices often result in unfavorable outcomes for expectant mothers and their babies, a situation which is common in developing countries. Cultural practices, beliefs and taboos are often implicated in determining the care received by mothers during pregnancy and child birth which is an important determinant of maternal mortality. This study explored the traditional practices associated with pregnancy and childbirth in Shama District of the Western Region, Ghana. A qualitative study consisting of six focus group discussions of between eight and ten participants per group and eight in-depth interviews were held over a period of one month. The purpose was to explore local foods that are forbidden for pregnant women and why, herbal medicine use during pregnancy and child birth and reasons for choosing home or hospital delivery. The findings show that pregnant women are forbidden from taking nutritious foods such as snails, ripe plantain, okra and many others for fear of complications during pregnancy and child birth. Herbal medicines are frequently used by pregnant women and traditional birth attendants to induce labour, augment and control bleeding during labour. Traditional beliefs and practices as well as negative attitude of health workers are found to reduce health utilization by pregnant women. Health education concerning traditional practices that are detrimental to the health of pregnant women should be emphasized during ANC visits.展开更多
基金by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2021B1515120064.
文摘In real-world scenarios,dual-view X-ray machines have outnumbered single-view X-ray machines due to their ability to provide comprehensive internal information about the baggage,which is important for identifying prohibited items that are not visible in one view due to rotation or overlap.However,existing work still focuses mainly on single-view,and the limited dual-viewbasedwork only performs simple information fusion at the feature or decision level and lacks effective utilization of the complementary information hidden in dual view.To this end,this paper proposes an end-to-end dual-view prohibited item detection method,the core of which is an adaptive material-aware coordinate-aligned attention module(MACA)and an adaptive adjustment strategy(AAS).Specifically,we observe that in X-ray images,the material information of an object can be represented by color and texture features,and remains consistent across views,even under complex backgrounds.Therefore,our MACA first integrates the material information of the prohibited items in each view and then smoothly transfers these clearmaterial clues along the shared axis to the corresponding locations in the other view to enhance the feature representation of the blurred prohibited items in the other view.In addition,AAS can autonomously adjust the importance of the two views during feature learning to make joint optimizationmore stable and effective.Experiments on the DvXray dataset demonstrate that the proposed MACA and AAS can be plug-and-played into various detectors,such as Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)and Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detector(FCOS),and bring consistent performance gains.The entire framework performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods,especially on small-sized prohibited items,highlighting its potential application in reality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant 61873272,62073327in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20200086,BK20200631.
文摘Combined Heat and Power Economic Dispatch(CHPED)is an important problem in the energy field,and it is beneficial for improving the utilization efficiency of power and heat energies.This paper proposes a Modified Genetic Algorithm(MGA)to determine the power and heat outputs of three kinds of units for CHPED.First,MGA replaces the simulated binary crossover by a new one based on the uniform and guassian distributions,and its convergence can be enhanced.Second,MGA modi-fies the mutation operator by introducing a disturbance coefficient based on guassian distribution,which can decrease the risk of being trapped into local optima.Eight instances with or without prohibited operating zones are used to investigate the efficiencies of MGA and other four genetic algorithms for CHPED.In comparison with the other algorithms,MGA has reduced generation costs by at least 562.73$,1068.7$,522.68$and 1016.24$,respectively,for instances 3,4,7 and 8,and it has reduced generation costs by at most 848.22$,3642.85$,897.63$and 3812.65$,respectively,for instances 3,4,7 and 8.Therefore,MGA has desirable convergence and stability for CHPED in comparison with the other four genetic algorithms.
文摘This paper describes a method qualitative analysis of some prohibited drugs in functional food by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The result showed that ibuprofen,phenacetin,bendazol,voltaren,diazepam, nifendipinc,metoclopramide,indomethacin and 6 kinds of decomposition product were exist in the samples which we have tested.
文摘The author＇s research topics include economic and legal questions concerning prostitution and drug use. There are two extreme models in these two areas, one represented by Sweden and the other by the Netherlands. Sweden votes for the model of a ＂prostitution and drug free society＂, while the latter represents a looser, more liberal view. This presentation aims to answer the question whether the statistics support the presumptions of either model. To shed light on these issues, facts and figures published by the Swedish and Dutch statistics offices as well as other studies on the subject were analyzed. During the course of the past few decades. the income from the prostitution and drug markets in Sweden was virtually unchanged. This may be considered as a failure： prostitution and drug use could not be decreased further. It may also be considered as an achievement： while these two markets were growing in many countries, at least in the case of Sweden the situation did not become worse. It seems that the liberal regulation of drugs and prostitution in the Netherlands has not been a successful venture. It is no wonder that there are plans for changes and limitations to the prostitution sector with new regulations, although complete prohibition has not been raised as an issue. The consumption of drugs has been increasing. In this respect, alongside the liberal stance on the issue, increasing emphasis is placed on deterrence from light drugs.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0306400)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61573089,71472080,71301066)Liaoning Province Dr.Research Foundation of China(20175032)
文摘A modified cuckoo search(CS) algorithm is proposed to solve economic dispatch(ED) problems that have nonconvex, non-continuous or non-linear solution spaces considering valve-point effects, prohibited operating zones, transmission losses and ramp rate limits. Comparing with the traditional cuckoo search algorithm, we propose a self-adaptive step size and some neighbor-study strategies to enhance search performance.Moreover, an improved lambda iteration strategy is used to generate new solutions. To show the superiority of the proposed algorithm over several classic algorithms, four systems with different benchmarks are tested. The results show its efficiency to solve economic dispatch problems, especially for large-scale systems.
基金funded under the auspices of the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0212303)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,the Harbin Institute of Technology(No.2016TS08)+3 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDB-SSW-DQC045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41775116)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2017275)Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.IGA-135-05)。
文摘Agriculture-oriented cities in Northeastern China have experienced frequent atmospheric pollution events.Deeper understandings of the pollution characteristics,haze causes and effects of management on local air quality are crucial for conducting integrated management approaches for the sustainable development of agriculture-oriented cities.Taking a typical agriculture-dominant city(i.e.,Suihua)in Northeast China,we analyzed in detail the characteristics and causes of atmospheric pollution and evaluated the straw-burning prohibition using multisource data.The results showed a clear temporal pattern of air quality index(AQI)on an annual scale(i.e.,2015-April 2019),with two typical pollution periods occurring in late autumn and early spring.The large areas of concentrated straw burning at local and regional scales accounted for the first period(i.e.,October and November),while dust emissions and farming disturbances comprised the second period.The interannual variation in pollution periods among these years was large,showing similar trends from 2015 to 2017 and the postponed late-autumn pollution period in 2018.Our evaluation has shown that the prohibition effect of straw burning significantly improved air quality in 2018,with a reduction of 59%±88%in the PM2.5 concentrations in October and November compared to 2015–2017.However,From October to April of the following year,the improvement effect was not significant due to postponement of straw burning to February or March.Our analysis also highlighted the roles of meteorological conditions,Therefore,combined with the promotion of straw utilization,scientifically prescribed burning considering the burning amount and location,meteorological conditions and regional transportation should be implemented.
文摘This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm (GA) based particle swarm optimization (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. The non-linear characteristics of the generators, such as prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and non-smooth cost functions of the practical generator operation are considered. The proposed hybrid algorithm is demonstrated for three different systems and the performance is compared with the GA and PSO in terms of solution quality and computation efficiency. Comparison of results proved that the proposed algo- rithm can obtain higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problems. A comprehensive software package is developed using MATLAB.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.11975131,11435005)K C Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘Multi-place nonlocal systems have attracted attention from many scientists.In this paper,we mainly review the recent progresses on two-place nonlocal systems(Alice-Bob systems)and four-place nonlocal models.Multi-place systems can firstly be derived from many physical problems by using a multiple scaling method with a discrete symmetry group including parity,time reversal,charge conjugates,rotations,field reversal and exchange transformations.Multiplace nonlocal systems can also be derived from the symmetry reductions of coupled nonlinear systems via discrete symmetry reductions.On the other hand,to solve multi-place nonlocal systems,one can use the symmetry-antisymmetry separation approach related to a suitable discrete symmetry group,such that the separated systems are coupled local ones.By using the separation method,all the known powerful methods used in local systems can be applied to nonlocal cases.In this review article,we take two-place and four-place nonlocal nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)systems and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP)equations as simple examples to explain how to derive and solve them.Some types of novel physical and mathematical points related to the nonlocal systems are especially emphasized.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2016YFA0202500 and 2016YFB0901502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.21673243,51771094 and 21805141)the Ministry of Education(MOE)of China(No.B12015)and Tianjin High-Tech(No.18JCZDJC31500)。
文摘Due to the diversity and feasibility of structural modification for organic molecules,organic-based redox flow batteries(ORFBs)have been widely investigated,especially in aqueous solution under neutral circumstance.In this work,a symmetric aqueous redox flow battery(SARFB)was rationally designed by employing a bipolar redox active molecule(N,N’-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium diiodide,MVI2)as both cathode and anode materials and combining with an anion exchange membrane.For one MVI2 flow battery,MV2+/MV·+and I-/I3-serve as the redox couples of anode and cathode,respectively.The MVI2 battery with a working voltage of 1.02 V exhibited a high voltage efficiency of 90.30%and energy efficiency of 89.44%after 450 cycles,and crossover problem was prohibited.The comparable conductivity of MVI2 water solution enabled to construct a battery even without using supporting electrolyte.Besides,the bipolar character of MVI2 battery with/without supporting electrolyte was investigated in the voltage range between-1.2 V and 1.2 V,showing excellent stable cycling stability during the polarity-reversal test.
基金the State Food and Drug Administration of the People's Republic of China for financially supporting this work
文摘In this paper,we developed and validated a simple,sensitive,and selective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS） method to identify and measure the following prohibited substances that may be found in cosmetic products：minoxidil,hydrocortisone, spironolactone,estrone,canrenone,triamcinolone acetonide and progesterone.Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Symmetry C18（100 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm particle size） with a gradient elution system composed of 0.2%（v/v） formic acid aqueous solution and methanol containing 0.2%（v/v） formic acid at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min.The substances were detected using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with an electrospray ionization source.All of the calibration curves showed good linearity（r 〉 0.999） within the tested concentration ranges.The limit of detection was 〈25 pg.The relative standard deviations for intraday precision for each of the prohibited substances were 〈3.5%at two concentration levels（2μg/g,10μg/g）. The relative recovery rate for each of the prohibited substances ranged from 91.8%to 111%at three concentration levels（0.1μg/g,2μg/g,10μg/g）,including the limit of quantification.In conclusion,we have developed and validated a method that can identify seven prohibited substances in cosmetic products.
文摘Based on data from the investigation in Jiaozhou bay waters in May, July and November in 1987, the distribution, source and seasonal variation of HCH in Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed. The results showed that in Jiaozhou bay HCH content was very low and less than 0.100 μg/L in this year, and better than the national Category I of the sea water quality standard, and the water quality about HCH was very clean;and that The seasonal variation of the HCH content in Jiaozhou bay waters has already vanished, namely, the seasonal variation of the HCH content in this year was not influenced by the rainfall, the runoffs or rivers. The horizontal distributions of the HCH content in the whole bay waters showed that the HCH content in the bay was not only directly input from both runoffs but also from rivers, the HCH source was area-source and came from land. The vertical distributions of the HCH content in the whole bay waters showed that the change of the HCH content at surface was not consistent with the corresponding one at bottom, and that the trend of the HCH distribution at surface was not consistent with that at bottom, and that only the HCH contents at surface and bottom were very close. From the year of four years ago of the prohibition (1979), to the prohibition year of HCH use (1983), and finally to the year after the four years of the prohibition (1987), The change of the HCH input into the bay waters unveiled that the by four years before the prohibition, the pollution of the HCH on land was very grave, and by four years after the prohibition, the HCH content in waters was very low, whose process represented that the process of human being having broken up the earth and the process of the earth having naturally restored. Therefore, Human being would consider not only for own benefits but also for the sustainable development of environment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11435005,and 11675084sponsored by K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘An Alice-Bob Kadomtsev-Petviashivili(ABKP) equation with shifted-parity(■_s^x parity with a shift for the space variable x) and delayed time reversal(■d, time reversal with a delay) symmetries is investigated. The multi-soliton solutions with three arbitrary even or odd functions are found from the ■_s^x■_d symmetry reductions of a coupled local KP system. The result shows that for the ABKP equation with ■_s^x■_d nonlocality, the odd numbers of solitons are prohibited.The solitons of the ABKP must be paired. For the ABKPⅡ equation, there exists a critical value of wave numbers for the existence of paired solitons. For the ABKPI equation, there are two types of 'breather' excitations. A lump solution of the ABKPI may possess four, five or six leaves.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China[No.2015A030313272].
文摘The use of antibiotics to maintain animal health has widely been practiced,for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.Along with the identification of serious adverse effects of some antibiotics on human and domestic animals[1],chloramphenicol.
基金supported by the National Centre for Research and Development under the Lider IX programme(Grant No.:LIDER/44/0164/L-9/17/NCBR/2018)Permission to conduct experiments with controlled substances was issued by the local Pharmaceutical Inspector(Kujawsko-Pomorski Wojewodzki Inspektor Farmaceutyczny w BydgoszczyPermission No.:WIFBY-KK.857.2.4.2016).
文摘For identifying and quantifying prohibited substances,solid-phase microextraction(SPME)continues to arouse interest as a sample preparation method.However,the practical implementation of this method in routine laboratory testing is currently hindered by the limited number of coatings compatible with the ubiquitous high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)systems.Only octadecyl(C18)and polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene ligands are currently marketed for this purpose.To address this situation,the present study evaluated 12 HPLC-compatible coatings,including several chemistries not currently used in this application.The stationary phases of SPME devices in the geometry of thin filmcoated blades were prepared by applying silica particles bonded with various functional ligands(C18,octyl,phenyl-hexyl,3-cyanopropyl,benzenesulfonic acid,and selected combinations of these),as well as unbonded silica,to a metal support.Most of these chemistries have not been previously used as microextraction coatings.The 48 most commonly misused substances were selected to assess the extraction efficacy of each coating,and eight desorption solvent compositions were used to optimize the desorption conditions.All samples were analyzed using an HPLC system coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.This evaluation enables selection of the best-performing coatings for quantifying prohibited substances and investigates the relationship between extraction efficacy and the physicochemical characteristics of the analytes.Ultimately,using the most suitable coatings is essential for trace-level analysis of chemically diverse prohibited substances.
基金The authors are grateful to the Raytheon Chair for Systems Engineering for funding.
文摘Economic dispatch has a significant effect on optimal economical operation in the power systems in industrial revolution 4.0 in terms of considerable savings in revenue.Various non-linearity are added to make the fossil fuel-based power systems more practical.In order to achieve an accurate economical schedule,valve point loading effect,ramp rate constraints,and prohibited operating zones are being considered for realistic scenarios.In this paper,an improved,and modified version of conventional particle swarm optimization(PSO),called Oscillatory PSO(OPSO),is devised to provide a cheaper schedule with optimum cost.The conventional PSO is improved by deriving a mechanism enabling the particle towards the trajectories of oscillatory motion to acquire the entire search space.A set of differential equations is implemented to expose the condition for trajectory motion in oscillation.Using adaptive inertia weights,this OPSO method provides an optimized cost of generation as compared to the conventional particle swarm optimization and other new meta-heuristic approaches.
文摘Prohibited pesticide residues have become one of the main factors affecting the quality and safety of Lycii Fructus,However,rarely studies focus on the rapid determination of these residues.Here,a total of 30 kinds of prohibited pesticide residues were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)in five different process ways.Pretreatment methods,chromatographic separation and detection conditions in mass spectrometry were all optimized accordingly.Among the five different pretreatment methods,the first and third solid phase extraction failed to provide high recoveries of sulfosulfuron compounds(both lower than 60%).Recovery of chlorphenamidine by the Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe multiresidue method(QuEChERS)was lower than 60%,which did not meet the requirements of trace determination.The concentrations of 30 prohibited pesticides residues treated by straightforward and solid phase extraction showed good linearity in their corresponding ranges,with correlation coefficients over 0.99.The average recoveries of straightforward ranged from 78.13%to 110.9%,while RSD ranged from 1.3%to 16.9%,albeit poor purification was observed.The recovery yield from solid phase extraction was between 67.75%and 103.08%with RSD value from 0.8%to 14.0%,which met the requirements of trace determination,this method has good precision and stability.These results could be employed to other Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs)in detecting prohibited pesticide residues.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Special Originality Innovation Research Colony of China(50621403)
文摘Combined with highway construction, the analysis on the relationship betweentunnel construction and coal resource exploitation was processed, which was based onthe research of rational exploitation depth of coal.3D FEM numerical analysis for tunnelexcavation was carried out according to engineering geological features of coal measurestrata in the project area.Based on the analysis of displacement and stress of the surroundingrock in the tunnel after excavation, the characteristics for displacement andstress of the tunnel support structure were analyzed when the underlying coal bed wasexploited with sublevel and full caving method.In addition, combined with the related codeand standard, the economic and safe prohibiting exploited depth of the underlying coalbed was proposed, so that a scientific basis for tunnel construction of coal measure strataand reasonable exploitation of the mineral resources in complex geological conditions canbe offered.
文摘Women all over the world are confronted with many difficult choices during pregnancy and child birth. Wrong choices often result in unfavorable outcomes for expectant mothers and their babies, a situation which is common in developing countries. Cultural practices, beliefs and taboos are often implicated in determining the care received by mothers during pregnancy and child birth which is an important determinant of maternal mortality. This study explored the traditional practices associated with pregnancy and childbirth in Shama District of the Western Region, Ghana. A qualitative study consisting of six focus group discussions of between eight and ten participants per group and eight in-depth interviews were held over a period of one month. The purpose was to explore local foods that are forbidden for pregnant women and why, herbal medicine use during pregnancy and child birth and reasons for choosing home or hospital delivery. The findings show that pregnant women are forbidden from taking nutritious foods such as snails, ripe plantain, okra and many others for fear of complications during pregnancy and child birth. Herbal medicines are frequently used by pregnant women and traditional birth attendants to induce labour, augment and control bleeding during labour. Traditional beliefs and practices as well as negative attitude of health workers are found to reduce health utilization by pregnant women. Health education concerning traditional practices that are detrimental to the health of pregnant women should be emphasized during ANC visits.
