Maintenance costs account for a significant portion of the total cost of electricity generated by wind turbines.Currently in the wind power industry,maintenance is mainly performed on regular schedules or when signifi...Maintenance costs account for a significant portion of the total cost of electricity generated by wind turbines.Currently in the wind power industry,maintenance is mainly performed on regular schedules or when significant damage occurs in a wind turbine making it inoperable,instead of being determined by the actual condition of the wind turbine.Among the total maintenance costs,approximately 25%~35%is related to regularly scheduled preventive maintenance and 65%~75%to unscheduled corrective maintenance.To reduce the failure rate and level and maintenance costs and improve the availability,reliability,safety,and lifespans of wind turbines,it is desirable to perform condition-based predictive maintenance for wind turbines,which will require a high-fidelity online prognostic condition monitoring system(CMS)for fault diagnosis and prognosis and remaining useful life(RUL)prediction of wind turbines.Most of the existing wind turbine CMSs are based on vibration monitoring and have no or limited capability in fault prognosis and RUL prediction.Compared to vibration monitoring,the prognostic condition monitoring techniques based on generator current signal analysis proposed recently have significant advantages in terms of cost,hardware complexity,implementation,and reliability.This paper discusses the principles and challenges of using generator current signals for prognostic condition monitoring of wind turbine drivetrains and presents an overview of recent advancements in this area.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has a very high incidence and fatality rate,and in most cases,it is already at an advanced stage when diagnosed.Therefore,early prevention and detection of HCC are two of the most effectiv...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has a very high incidence and fatality rate,and in most cases,it is already at an advanced stage when diagnosed.Therefore,early prevention and detection of HCC are two of the most effective strategies.However,the methods recommended in the practice guidelines for the detection of HCC cannot guarantee high sensitivity and specificity except for the liver biopsy,which is known as the“gold standard”.In this review,we divided the detection of HCC into pre-treatment diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring,and found that in addition to the traditional imaging detection and liver biopsy,alpha fetoprotein(AFP),lens culinaris-agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP(AFP-L3),protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II(PIVKA-II)and other biomarkers are excellent biomarkers for HCC,especially when they are combined together.Most notably,the emerging liquid biopsy shows great promise in detecting HCC.In addition,lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)and other relevant biomarkers may become promising biomarkers for HCC post-treatment monitoring.Through the detailed introduction of the diagnostic technology of HCC,we can have a detailed understanding of its development process and then obtain some enlightenment from the diagnosis,to improve the diagnostic rate of HCC and reduce its mortality.展开更多
Cancer has emerged as a critical global health concern due to its elevated heterogeneity and mortality rate.Despite the continuous efforts put into medical research,current clinical approaches still face limitations,i...Cancer has emerged as a critical global health concern due to its elevated heterogeneity and mortality rate.Despite the continuous efforts put into medical research,current clinical approaches still face limitations,including dependency on costly facilities,trained operators and suboptimal diagnostic precision.Therefore,innovative strategies for accurate,personalized and patient-friendly cancer theranostic solutions are urgently required.Among all the platforms,wearable bioelectronics stand out for advantages such as non-invasive detection,responsive therapy and long-term monitoring,owing to their functional bioelectronic interfaces.This review summarizes the latest advances in wearable bioelectronics,aiming to provide a new strategy for cancer theranostics.Initially,the clinical status and emerging wearable bioelectronics are briefly described to provide a general overview.The subsequent contents focus on the implementation of wearable bioelectronics across early diagnosis,treatment,prognostic monitoring and rehabilitation with multiple device configurations.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and prospective future development in advanced cancer theranostics.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE),U.S.Department of Energy under Awards Number DE-EE0006802 and DE-EE0001366in part by the U.S.National Science Foundation under Grant ECCS-1308045.
文摘Maintenance costs account for a significant portion of the total cost of electricity generated by wind turbines.Currently in the wind power industry,maintenance is mainly performed on regular schedules or when significant damage occurs in a wind turbine making it inoperable,instead of being determined by the actual condition of the wind turbine.Among the total maintenance costs,approximately 25%~35%is related to regularly scheduled preventive maintenance and 65%~75%to unscheduled corrective maintenance.To reduce the failure rate and level and maintenance costs and improve the availability,reliability,safety,and lifespans of wind turbines,it is desirable to perform condition-based predictive maintenance for wind turbines,which will require a high-fidelity online prognostic condition monitoring system(CMS)for fault diagnosis and prognosis and remaining useful life(RUL)prediction of wind turbines.Most of the existing wind turbine CMSs are based on vibration monitoring and have no or limited capability in fault prognosis and RUL prediction.Compared to vibration monitoring,the prognostic condition monitoring techniques based on generator current signal analysis proposed recently have significant advantages in terms of cost,hardware complexity,implementation,and reliability.This paper discusses the principles and challenges of using generator current signals for prognostic condition monitoring of wind turbine drivetrains and presents an overview of recent advancements in this area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81970542,82072300,81871674 and 81902084).
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has a very high incidence and fatality rate,and in most cases,it is already at an advanced stage when diagnosed.Therefore,early prevention and detection of HCC are two of the most effective strategies.However,the methods recommended in the practice guidelines for the detection of HCC cannot guarantee high sensitivity and specificity except for the liver biopsy,which is known as the“gold standard”.In this review,we divided the detection of HCC into pre-treatment diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring,and found that in addition to the traditional imaging detection and liver biopsy,alpha fetoprotein(AFP),lens culinaris-agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP(AFP-L3),protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II(PIVKA-II)and other biomarkers are excellent biomarkers for HCC,especially when they are combined together.Most notably,the emerging liquid biopsy shows great promise in detecting HCC.In addition,lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)and other relevant biomarkers may become promising biomarkers for HCC post-treatment monitoring.Through the detailed introduction of the diagnostic technology of HCC,we can have a detailed understanding of its development process and then obtain some enlightenment from the diagnosis,to improve the diagnostic rate of HCC and reduce its mortality.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2025A1515010362)City University of Hong Kong(9382003,7020123)+1 种基金the University Grants Committee’s Teaching Start-up Grant(6000908)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(BJ-2023-194).
文摘Cancer has emerged as a critical global health concern due to its elevated heterogeneity and mortality rate.Despite the continuous efforts put into medical research,current clinical approaches still face limitations,including dependency on costly facilities,trained operators and suboptimal diagnostic precision.Therefore,innovative strategies for accurate,personalized and patient-friendly cancer theranostic solutions are urgently required.Among all the platforms,wearable bioelectronics stand out for advantages such as non-invasive detection,responsive therapy and long-term monitoring,owing to their functional bioelectronic interfaces.This review summarizes the latest advances in wearable bioelectronics,aiming to provide a new strategy for cancer theranostics.Initially,the clinical status and emerging wearable bioelectronics are briefly described to provide a general overview.The subsequent contents focus on the implementation of wearable bioelectronics across early diagnosis,treatment,prognostic monitoring and rehabilitation with multiple device configurations.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and prospective future development in advanced cancer theranostics.
