Due to the rigorous fiscal terms and huge potential risk of risk service contracts,optimizing oil production paths is one of the main challenges in designing oilfield development plans.In this paper,an oil production ...Due to the rigorous fiscal terms and huge potential risk of risk service contracts,optimizing oil production paths is one of the main challenges in designing oilfield development plans.In this paper,an oil production path optimization model is developed to maximize economic benefits within constraints of technology factors and oil contracts.This analysis describes the effects of risk service contract terms on parameters of inputs and outputs and quantifies the relationships between production and production time,revenues,investment and costs.An oil service development and production project is illustrated in which the optimal production path under its own geological conditions and contract terms is calculated.The influences of oil price,service fees per barrel and operating costs on the optimal production have been examined by sensitivity analysis.The results show that the oil price has the largest impact on the optimal production,which is negatively related to oil price and positively related to service fees per barrel and operating costs.展开更多
Among the huge diversity of ideas that show up while studying graph theory,one that has obtained a lot of popularity is the concept of labelings of graphs.Graph labelings give valuable mathematical models for a wide s...Among the huge diversity of ideas that show up while studying graph theory,one that has obtained a lot of popularity is the concept of labelings of graphs.Graph labelings give valuable mathematical models for a wide scope of applications in high technologies(cryptography,astronomy,data security,various coding theory problems,communication networks,etc.).A labeling or a valuation of a graph is any mapping that sends a certain set of graph elements to a certain set of numbers subject to certain conditions.Graph labeling is a mapping of elements of the graph,i.e.,vertex and for edges to a set of numbers(usually positive integers),called labels.If the domain is the vertex-set or the edge-set,the labelings are called vertex labelings or edge labelings respectively.Similarly,if the domain is V(G)[E(G)],then the labeling is called total labeling.A reflexive edge irregular k-labeling of graph introduced by Tanna et al.:A total labeling of graph such that for any two different edges ab and a'b'of the graph their weights has wt_(x)(ab)=x(a)+x(ab)+x(b) and wt_(x)(a'b')=x(a')+x(a'b')+x(b') are distinct.The smallest value of k for which such labeling exist is called the reflexive edge strength of the graph and is denoted by res(G).In this paper we have found the exact value of the reflexive edge irregularity strength of the categorical product of two paths (P_(a)×P_(b))for any choice of a≥3 and b≥3.展开更多
For positive numbers j and k, an L（j,k）-labeling f of G is an assignment of numbers to vertices of G such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥j if uv∈E（G）, and ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥k if d（u,v）=2. Then the span of f is the di...For positive numbers j and k, an L（j,k）-labeling f of G is an assignment of numbers to vertices of G such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥j if uv∈E（G）, and ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥k if d（u,v）=2. Then the span of f is the difference between the maximum and the minimum numbers assigned by f. The L（j,k）-number of G, denoted by λj,k（G）, is the minimum span over all L（j,k）-labelings of G. In this paper, we give some results about the L（j,k）-number of the direct product of a path and a cycle for j≤k.展开更多
基金Funding for this work was provided by the Major Project from the National Social Science Foundation of China through research on replacement strategies for overseas oil and gas resources based on the perspective of China’s petroleum security under the project number 11&ZD164
文摘Due to the rigorous fiscal terms and huge potential risk of risk service contracts,optimizing oil production paths is one of the main challenges in designing oilfield development plans.In this paper,an oil production path optimization model is developed to maximize economic benefits within constraints of technology factors and oil contracts.This analysis describes the effects of risk service contract terms on parameters of inputs and outputs and quantifies the relationships between production and production time,revenues,investment and costs.An oil service development and production project is illustrated in which the optimal production path under its own geological conditions and contract terms is calculated.The influences of oil price,service fees per barrel and operating costs on the optimal production have been examined by sensitivity analysis.The results show that the oil price has the largest impact on the optimal production,which is negatively related to oil price and positively related to service fees per barrel and operating costs.
文摘Among the huge diversity of ideas that show up while studying graph theory,one that has obtained a lot of popularity is the concept of labelings of graphs.Graph labelings give valuable mathematical models for a wide scope of applications in high technologies(cryptography,astronomy,data security,various coding theory problems,communication networks,etc.).A labeling or a valuation of a graph is any mapping that sends a certain set of graph elements to a certain set of numbers subject to certain conditions.Graph labeling is a mapping of elements of the graph,i.e.,vertex and for edges to a set of numbers(usually positive integers),called labels.If the domain is the vertex-set or the edge-set,the labelings are called vertex labelings or edge labelings respectively.Similarly,if the domain is V(G)[E(G)],then the labeling is called total labeling.A reflexive edge irregular k-labeling of graph introduced by Tanna et al.:A total labeling of graph such that for any two different edges ab and a'b'of the graph their weights has wt_(x)(ab)=x(a)+x(ab)+x(b) and wt_(x)(a'b')=x(a')+x(a'b')+x(b') are distinct.The smallest value of k for which such labeling exist is called the reflexive edge strength of the graph and is denoted by res(G).In this paper we have found the exact value of the reflexive edge irregularity strength of the categorical product of two paths (P_(a)×P_(b))for any choice of a≥3 and b≥3.
基金Supported by Faculty Research Grant, Hong Kong Baptist University
文摘For positive numbers j and k, an L（j,k）-labeling f of G is an assignment of numbers to vertices of G such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥j if uv∈E（G）, and ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥k if d（u,v）=2. Then the span of f is the difference between the maximum and the minimum numbers assigned by f. The L（j,k）-number of G, denoted by λj,k（G）, is the minimum span over all L（j,k）-labelings of G. In this paper, we give some results about the L（j,k）-number of the direct product of a path and a cycle for j≤k.
