Recently,both the importance and awareness relating to food safety relating to agrochemicals,chemical fertilizers,the pollution of ecosystem and unwholesome foods are growing rapidly.For the same reason,the purchaser&...Recently,both the importance and awareness relating to food safety relating to agrochemicals,chemical fertilizers,the pollution of ecosystem and unwholesome foods are growing rapidly.For the same reason,the purchaser's curiosity increases to know about the production process which can be accomplished by production traceability system.The traceability system can store and superintend the specific attribute information about products regarding the productive centre,producer and production finish data.The products undergo various circulation processes and they are being managed by individually constructed traceability system.Thus,it is difficult for the producer and the consumer to guarantee the safety from transpirable issues about the falsification of production traceability because the traceability information can be re-produced by forging through various ways.So in this paper,we proposed a system for integrated management of agro-fishery products based on quick response code(QR-code)for forgery prevention which may help to solve these issues.The proposed system makes QR-code using production information provided by producer.And then it is provided to the distributor and the consumer through integrated service model using the QR-code.Therefore,this system make sure to provide the same production traceability about the products to the distributor and the consumer and always keeps both updated with the same information.展开更多
Technology progress is changing the working methods of state authorities.The development strategy of the state revenue authorities of Kazakhstan envisages the use of information technologies and information systems to...Technology progress is changing the working methods of state authorities.The development strategy of the state revenue authorities of Kazakhstan envisages the use of information technologies and information systems to improve the quality and effectiveness of the functions.This article describes the main information systems used at this stage,and the benefits for the country using them.展开更多
Using return shipping insurance(RSI)to address product returns is common in e-com-merce,while adopting blockchain technology(BCT)for product traceability not only significantly reduces the inspection costs of returned...Using return shipping insurance(RSI)to address product returns is common in e-com-merce,while adopting blockchain technology(BCT)for product traceability not only significantly reduces the inspection costs of returned products but also improves con-sumer utility(i.e.,reduces return rates).However,despite these two distinct roles of BCT,the conditions under which retailers adopt BCT and its impact on RSI choice have not been thoroughly examined.To fll this gap,we construct six analytical models to investigate BCT-driven product traceability and its interplay with RSI.In these models,the retailer decides on the traceability level(in the BCT scenario),product price,and refund amount under different RSI strategies,depending on the retailer and consumer premiums:the retailer pays(Free RSI),the consumer pays(Faf RSI),or no RSI is provided(No RSI).We find that when the operational cost is low,the retailer always benefits from adopting BCT.However,with high operational costs,BCT is only preferred when inspection costs are also high.Notably,adopting BCT encourages retailers to offer RSI primarily under high in-spection costs without necessarily increasing product prices.RSI also has varying effects on traceability:offering a Free RSI strategy reduces the retailer's incentive to increase trace-ability,while offering a Faf RSI strategy may enhance it.In summary,RSI and BCT can act as substitutes or complements.When the consumer(retailer)premium is low and the pro-portion of RSI-sensitive consumers is high(low),the retailer substitutes a Faf(Free)RSI for high traceability.When the consumer premium is moderate and the retailer premium is high,BCT and Faf RSI are mutually reinforcing.When both premiums are high,the retailer prefers BCT over offering RSI.展开更多
基金The MSIP(Ministry of Science,ICT&Future Planning),Korea,under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center)support program(NIPA-2013-H0301-13-2006)supervised by the NIPA(National IT Industry Promotion Agency)
文摘Recently,both the importance and awareness relating to food safety relating to agrochemicals,chemical fertilizers,the pollution of ecosystem and unwholesome foods are growing rapidly.For the same reason,the purchaser's curiosity increases to know about the production process which can be accomplished by production traceability system.The traceability system can store and superintend the specific attribute information about products regarding the productive centre,producer and production finish data.The products undergo various circulation processes and they are being managed by individually constructed traceability system.Thus,it is difficult for the producer and the consumer to guarantee the safety from transpirable issues about the falsification of production traceability because the traceability information can be re-produced by forging through various ways.So in this paper,we proposed a system for integrated management of agro-fishery products based on quick response code(QR-code)for forgery prevention which may help to solve these issues.The proposed system makes QR-code using production information provided by producer.And then it is provided to the distributor and the consumer through integrated service model using the QR-code.Therefore,this system make sure to provide the same production traceability about the products to the distributor and the consumer and always keeps both updated with the same information.
文摘Technology progress is changing the working methods of state authorities.The development strategy of the state revenue authorities of Kazakhstan envisages the use of information technologies and information systems to improve the quality and effectiveness of the functions.This article describes the main information systems used at this stage,and the benefits for the country using them.
基金supported by the National Social Science of China under Grants[23AJYO05]Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory[2020TP1013]+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China[72171077,72201092]Guizhou University Talent Introduction Research Project[600419]Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China[2023JJ40188].
文摘Using return shipping insurance(RSI)to address product returns is common in e-com-merce,while adopting blockchain technology(BCT)for product traceability not only significantly reduces the inspection costs of returned products but also improves con-sumer utility(i.e.,reduces return rates).However,despite these two distinct roles of BCT,the conditions under which retailers adopt BCT and its impact on RSI choice have not been thoroughly examined.To fll this gap,we construct six analytical models to investigate BCT-driven product traceability and its interplay with RSI.In these models,the retailer decides on the traceability level(in the BCT scenario),product price,and refund amount under different RSI strategies,depending on the retailer and consumer premiums:the retailer pays(Free RSI),the consumer pays(Faf RSI),or no RSI is provided(No RSI).We find that when the operational cost is low,the retailer always benefits from adopting BCT.However,with high operational costs,BCT is only preferred when inspection costs are also high.Notably,adopting BCT encourages retailers to offer RSI primarily under high in-spection costs without necessarily increasing product prices.RSI also has varying effects on traceability:offering a Free RSI strategy reduces the retailer's incentive to increase trace-ability,while offering a Faf RSI strategy may enhance it.In summary,RSI and BCT can act as substitutes or complements.When the consumer(retailer)premium is low and the pro-portion of RSI-sensitive consumers is high(low),the retailer substitutes a Faf(Free)RSI for high traceability.When the consumer premium is moderate and the retailer premium is high,BCT and Faf RSI are mutually reinforcing.When both premiums are high,the retailer prefers BCT over offering RSI.
