Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in lin...Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in line with their cognitive levels based on students’needs;promote writing through debate,attach importance to the high integration of reading,speaking,and writing;and strengthen the subjectivity of students in writing by taking interest as the lead and life as the source.展开更多
This study sets out to conduct the effectiveness of process-oriented approach on the ESL writing teaching for non-Eng-lish majors in Yunnan Agricultural University(YAU),with the aim of enhancing the students' Engl...This study sets out to conduct the effectiveness of process-oriented approach on the ESL writing teaching for non-Eng-lish majors in Yunnan Agricultural University(YAU),with the aim of enhancing the students' English writing proficiency andscores.120 non-English major sophomores and 10 English teachers from YAU are involved in it.With the results of questionnaire,interview and the composition scores of the target students,the findings indicate that the students have a positive attitude towardsprocess-oriented writing approach and it can help them write better and make the writing class more interesting.展开更多
Peer revision is a collaborative activity during which student writers can exchange drafts and make suggestions for improvement. It has been widely used at present in process-oriented writing instruction. In this pape...Peer revision is a collaborative activity during which student writers can exchange drafts and make suggestions for improvement. It has been widely used at present in process-oriented writing instruction. In this paper, the researcher carried out an empirical study about the effects and efficacy of peer revision on a group of Chinese Juniors majoring in English. It was found that student writers focused specially on grammar and vocabulary in PE session and organization was the least attended to. PE was quite effective in improving the overall writing quality, as the participants did incorporate most of the revisions suggested by their peers. However, the influences of students'writing proficiencies and of the rhetorical modes of the writing tasks on the effects of PE were proved to be not very significant.展开更多
Drawn upon Dornyei' s motivational study,this paper aims to explore the implications that process-oriented approach may bring and tries to shed light on some applications in Chinese EFL teaching context.
A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in mult...A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in multi-projects of chemical engineering design are analyzed. Then based on theories of project management, process management, and knowledge management, a process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is proposed. The platform has three characteristics: knowledge is divided into professional knowledge and project management knowledge; knowledge sharing is integrated with the project process, which makes knowledge sharing a necessary part of the project process and ensures the quantity of knowledge shared; the platform provides quantitative measurements of incentive mechanisms for knowledge providers and users which ensures the quality of knowledge shared. This knowledge-sharing platform uses two knowledge management tools, a knowledge map and a knowledge base, to support the platform.展开更多
Background: Providing nursing care for patients and relatives requires a great effort from a nurse. It is therefore important for the nurse to have the opportunity to reflect on the caring acts included in process-ori...Background: Providing nursing care for patients and relatives requires a great effort from a nurse. It is therefore important for the nurse to have the opportunity to reflect on the caring acts included in process-oriented nursing supervision (PRONS). The overall objective of the nursing supervision is to support the professional development identity, competences, skills and ethics in different situations in nursing care. Aim: To investigate nurses’ experiences of the model of purging, playing and learning (PPL) according to Eriksson theory in a (PRONS) related to strengthen safe care, quality and professional development. Method: A qualitative study with individual interviews and the data was analyzed using qualitative interpretive content analysis. Participants: All eleven registered participated nurses were from southwestern Sweden and worked in different hospital units. Ethical Considerations: The study carried out in accordance with the ethical guidelines laid down in the Helsinki Declaration and according to the recommendations of the regional ethics committee. Findings: Three categories were identified, valuable purging in the process, responsive playing and awareness of learning. The study found that by participating in PRONS the nurses had developed new approaches with different “tools” when difficult situations occurred in daily nursing practice. Conclusion: PRONS with the model PPL has an important role to support nurses in daily nursing practice. The study highlights that there are residual successful effects after PRONS for the nurses in managing care situations that experienced strengthen quality in care and professional development.展开更多
Table manners are important in manycultures.Inmost countries,youwait untileveryone has food before eating.Youalso don't put your elbows on the table.It's not polite to eat too fast.And youshouldn't talk wi...Table manners are important in manycultures.Inmost countries,youwait untileveryone has food before eating.Youalso don't put your elbows on the table.It's not polite to eat too fast.And youshouldn't talk with food in yourmouth orchew with your mouth open.展开更多
The lethality of a semi-preformed fragment warhead is closely related to the expand velocity and spatial distribution of the fragments from ruptured metal casing. The topic of how to improve the utilization of charge ...The lethality of a semi-preformed fragment warhead is closely related to the expand velocity and spatial distribution of the fragments from ruptured metal casing. The topic of how to improve the utilization of charge of have been drawing great attention from researchers and designer in this filed. In present paper,in order to investigate the influence of charge initiation manners on the scattering characteristics of semi-preformed fragment warhead, the numerical simulations and experimental test are conducted.Firstly, the influence of grid density on numerical results is investigated, and a proper numerical model with relatively high accuracy and effectiveness is determined. Then. numerical simulations of three kinds of different initiation position of a semi-preformed fragment warhead are carried out. An experimental test of the explosion of a semi-preformed fragment warhead is carried out. By comparing and analyzing the numerical results and experimental data, it is found that the initiation manners have great influence on scattering characteristics of semi-preformed fragment warhead. The researcher work of this paper would provide an effective alternative method to optimize the design of warhead.展开更多
A systematic study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the manganese incorporation manner on the textural properties, bulk and surface phase compositions, reduction/carburization behaviors, and surface basici...A systematic study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the manganese incorporation manner on the textural properties, bulk and surface phase compositions, reduction/carburization behaviors, and surface basicity of an iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） catalyst. The catalyst samples were characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, H2 （or CO） temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption （TPD）, and M5ssbauer spectroscopy. The FTS performance of the catalysts was studied in a slurry-phase continuously stirred tank reactor （CSTR）. The characterization results indicated that the manganese promoter incorporated by using the coprecipitation method could improve the dispersion of iron oxide, and decrease the size of the iron oxide crystallite. The manganese incorporated with the impregnation method is enriched on the catalyst＇s surface. The manganese promoter added with the impregnation method suppresses the reduction and carburization of the catalyst in H2, CO, and syngas because of the excessive enrichment of manganese on the catalyst surface. The catalyst added manganese using the coprecipitation method has the highest CO conversion （51.9%） and the lowest selectivity for heavy hydrocarbons （C12＋）.展开更多
We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma(IBC)accompanying a tumor embolus in the extrahepatic bile duct,who was admitted to our department on October 13,2008.Imaging showed an asym...We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma(IBC)accompanying a tumor embolus in the extrahepatic bile duct,who was admitted to our department on October 13,2008.Imaging showed an asymmetry dilation of the biliary tree,different bile signals in the biliary tree,a multiloculated lesion and an extrahepatic bile duct lesion with internal septation.A regular left hemihepatectomy en bloc was performed with resection of the entire tumor,during which a tumor embolus protruding into the extrahepatic bile duct and originating from biliary duct of segment 4 was revealed.Microscopically,the multiloculated tumor was confirmed to be a biliary cystadenoma with an epithelial lining composed of biliary-type cuboidal cells and surrounded by an ovarian-like stroma.An aggressive en bloc resection was recommended for the multiloculated lesion.Imaging workup,clinicians and surgeons need to be aware of this different presentation.展开更多
Cytokines are believed to be involved in a “vicious circle” of progressive interactions in bone metastasis. Iguratimod is a novel anti-rheumatic drug which is reported to have the capability of anti-cytokines. In th...Cytokines are believed to be involved in a “vicious circle” of progressive interactions in bone metastasis. Iguratimod is a novel anti-rheumatic drug which is reported to have the capability of anti-cytokines. In this study, a rat model was constructed to investigate the effect of iguratimod on bone metastasis and it was found that iguratimod alleviated cancer-induced bone destruction. To further explore whether an anti-tumor activity of iguratimod contributes to the effect of bone resorption suppression, two human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were studied. The effect of iguratimod on tumor proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The effects of iguratimod on migration and invasion of cancer cells were determined by wound-healing and Transwell assays. Results showed that high dose（30 μg/m L） iguratimod slightly suppressed the proliferation of cancer cells but failed to inhibit their migration and invasion capacity. Interestingly, iguratimod decreased the transcription level of IL-6 in MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, iguratimod partially impaired NF-κB signaling by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit. Our findings indicated that iguratimod may alleviate bone destruction by partially decreasing the expression of IL-6 in an NF-κB-dependent manner, while it has little effect on the tumor proliferation and invasion.展开更多
With the further integration of global economy, business competition becomes increasingly fierce; interactions among na-tions are more often than before. Business manners become quite necessary because manners convey ...With the further integration of global economy, business competition becomes increasingly fierce; interactions among na-tions are more often than before. Business manners become quite necessary because manners convey a man of his or her qualities,self-confidence and spirits. A man's behaviors in formal occasions are not only for himself but represent his unit, sometimes a na-tion's reputation. Thus in orders to have a successful business negotiation, business behaviors and manners must be watched.Thisessay is aim at speech and gifting manners in foreign business: One is that we need attention on wordage, appellations and topics intalking. The other is that we shall mind pick, gifting and acceptance of presents.展开更多
The table manners refer to the rules and standard of behaviors that people should abide by in the formal dining processes. Due to the different cultural backgrounds, there are different cultures of table manners betwe...The table manners refer to the rules and standard of behaviors that people should abide by in the formal dining processes. Due to the different cultural backgrounds, there are different cultures of table manners between China and England, which are shown from the arrangement of the order of seats, the etiquette of serving up and urging other people to drink and the ways of using tableware.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Elk-1 mRNA distributes extensively in the neurons of mice, rat and human brains, and the Elk-1 expression may be correlated with the synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. OBJECTIVE： To observe the di...BACKGROUND： Elk-1 mRNA distributes extensively in the neurons of mice, rat and human brains, and the Elk-1 expression may be correlated with the synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. OBJECTIVE： To observe the distribution of phosphorylated Elk-1 （pEIk-1） in whole brain of rats received Y-maze active avoidance training and the changes of pEIk-1 expression at different time points after training. DESIGN ： A randomized controlled study SETTING ： Research Room of Neurobiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University MATERIALS ： Fifty-five male clean-degree SD rats of 3-4 months old, weighing 200-250 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Southem Medical University. The rabbit anti-monoclonal pEIk-1 antibody was purchased from Cell Signal Transduction Company, and ABC kit from Vector Company. METHODS ： The experiments were carried out in the Research Room of Neurobiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University from September 2004 to February 2005. ① Grouping： The rats were randomly divided into training group （n = 25）, sham-training group （n = 25） and normal control group （n = 5）, and the training and sham-training groups were observed at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 24 hours after training, which represented the five phases in the process of leaming and memory. ② Y-maze training： The rats were preconditioned in the electrical Y-maze apparatus, 20 minutes a day for 3 days continuously, and training began from the 4^th day. In the training group, the rats were trained with the combination of light and electddty. Each rat repeated for 60 times in each training, and the correct times were recorded, those correct for less than 25 times were taken as unqualified, and excluded from the training group, and supplemented by other rats in time. In the sham-training group, there was no fixed correlation between the application of light and electricity. The rats in the normal contrel group were given not any training. ③Detection of pEIk-1 expression： The rats were anesthetized after Y-maze training, brain tissue was removed to prepare coronal freezing sections, and the pEIk-1 expression was detected with routine ABC method. MATN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in whole brain of rats in the normal control group. ②Comparison of the expression of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in whole brain at different time points after training between the training group and sham-training group. RESULTS ： All the 55 rats were involved in result analysis. ③ Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in the whole brain of rats in the normal control group： Strong expressions of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons were observed in prefrontal lobe, granular layer of olfactory bulbs, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of cerebellum, whole stdate cortex, temporal cortex, pre-pyriform cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and periventricular nucleus, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, pronucleus and postnucleus of amygdala cortex, central nucleus of amygdala, medial amygdaloid nucleus, entorhinal cortex, hippocampal dentate gyros, CA1-4 regions, caudate-putamen, material division, brain stem spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve, and superior olivary nucleus, and those in hippocampal dentate gyrus and CA1 region were the strongest.② Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in the whole brain of rats at different time points after training in the training group and sham-training group： In the training group, the expressions were obviously enhanced in caudate-putamen of striatum, material division, most cortexes, hippocampal dentate gyrus, hippocampal CA regions, nucleus amygdalae, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum, entorhinal cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, and periventricular nucleus at 0 hour after training, and the enhancement lasted for 6 hours at least, and those at 24 hours were decreased to normal. In the sham-training group, obvious enhanced expressions of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons could be observed in most cortexes, nucleus amygdalae, entorhinal cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventdoular nucleus and periventricular nucleus, brain stem spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of cerebellum at O, 1, 3 and 6 hours, and decreased to normal after 24 hours. The expressions in material division, caudate-putamen of striatum, hippocampus were not obviously enhanced as compared with those in the normal control group, but significantly different from those in the training group （0, 1, 3, 6 hours after training, material division： F= 0.576, 0.023, 0.116, 8.873, P〈 0.01; caudate-putamen： F= 0.157, 0.427, 0.030, 0.001, P〈 0.01; hippocampus： F= 6.716, 2.405, 14.137, 1.416, P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： The expression of activated pEIk-1 can be detected in the learning related brain areas under normal status, and the perk-1 expression in the brain areas dynamically changed in a time-dependent manner after Y-maze training, and it is indicated that pEIk-1 is involved in the learning and memory process in Y-maze related brain areas.展开更多
The first part of this essay deals with Giorgio Vasari＇s conception of architecture in sixteenth-century Italy, and the second part examines Vasari＇s practical application of one of his constructions, the loggia （o...The first part of this essay deals with Giorgio Vasari＇s conception of architecture in sixteenth-century Italy, and the second part examines Vasari＇s practical application of one of his constructions, the loggia （open gallery or arcade） or corridoio （corridor）. The essay also discusses the merits of Vasari＇s open gallery （loggia） as a vernacular architectural construct with egalitarian functions and Vasari＇s principles of architecture （design, rule, order, and proportion） and beauty （delight and necessity） for the formulation of the theory of art in Mannerism, a sixteenth-century style of art.展开更多
The modulation of absorption manner in helicon discharge by changing the profile of low axial magnetic field is explored experimentally in this work. The experiments are carried out in Boswell-type antenna driven by 1...The modulation of absorption manner in helicon discharge by changing the profile of low axial magnetic field is explored experimentally in this work. The experiments are carried out in Boswell-type antenna driven by 13.56-MHz power source in 0.35-Pa argon environment. The peak of the external non-uniform magnetic field （Bex） along the axis is observed in a range from 0 Gs to 250 Gs （1 Gs=10^-4 T）, where the electron density varies from 0.5×10^16 m^-3 to 9×10^16 m^-3. When Bex is located near the tube upper end sealed by a dielectric plate, or near the tube bottom end connected with a diffusion chamber, the plasmas are centralized in the tube in the former case while the strong luminance appears between the edge of the tube and the axial line in the latter case. When Bex is located in the middle of the antenna, moreover, an effective resistance （Reff） peak appears apparently with increasing magnetic field. The glow moves toward first the edge of the tube and then the two antenna legs as the magnetic field increases. The discharge in this case is caused by the absorption of Trivelpiece-Gould （TG） wave. It is suggested that Bex is located in the middle of the antenna to obtain a higher efficiency of power transfer.展开更多
Table etiquette is an aspect of culture.Against different cultural backgrounds,China and Western countries may have different customs.Only if the differences are understood can cultural conflicts be properly dealt wit...Table etiquette is an aspect of culture.Against different cultural backgrounds,China and Western countries may have different customs.Only if the differences are understood can cultural conflicts be properly dealt with in intercultural communications.Detailed discussion and comparison of differences between Chinese and Western table manners are mainly talked about in this paper.It aims to analyze the cultural causes of these differences.At last,it expounds on four reasons that have caused the differences:historical backgrounds,thinking modes,diet structures and national characters.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to investigate the manner of deaths in Marion County, throughout the years of 2018 to 2021 to see if there were any correlative increases in homicide, suicide, natural, accidental, or ...The purpose of this research was to investigate the manner of deaths in Marion County, throughout the years of 2018 to 2021 to see if there were any correlative increases in homicide, suicide, natural, accidental, or drug overdose related deaths. We surveyed the incidence of all deaths that occurred from 2018 through 2021 which came through the Marion County Coroner’s Office, Indiana. The data was then divided into two halves. According to the data, the leading manner of death in the first half and second half was accidental. This study revealed a total of 8732 cases: 3817 of them were observed to be accidental, 3092 natural, 956 homicide, 689 suicide, and 178 were undetermined. There were initially 318 drug overdose related deaths in 2018 and they increased to 2163 by 2021. In 2018, the number of deaths due to fentanyl related overdoses increased from 195 to 799 in 2021. This research will contribute to the forensic science field by providing information about the manner of death and fentanyl trends in Marion County over the last four years.展开更多
文摘Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in line with their cognitive levels based on students’needs;promote writing through debate,attach importance to the high integration of reading,speaking,and writing;and strengthen the subjectivity of students in writing by taking interest as the lead and life as the source.
文摘This study sets out to conduct the effectiveness of process-oriented approach on the ESL writing teaching for non-Eng-lish majors in Yunnan Agricultural University(YAU),with the aim of enhancing the students' English writing proficiency andscores.120 non-English major sophomores and 10 English teachers from YAU are involved in it.With the results of questionnaire,interview and the composition scores of the target students,the findings indicate that the students have a positive attitude towardsprocess-oriented writing approach and it can help them write better and make the writing class more interesting.
文摘Peer revision is a collaborative activity during which student writers can exchange drafts and make suggestions for improvement. It has been widely used at present in process-oriented writing instruction. In this paper, the researcher carried out an empirical study about the effects and efficacy of peer revision on a group of Chinese Juniors majoring in English. It was found that student writers focused specially on grammar and vocabulary in PE session and organization was the least attended to. PE was quite effective in improving the overall writing quality, as the participants did incorporate most of the revisions suggested by their peers. However, the influences of students'writing proficiencies and of the rhetorical modes of the writing tasks on the effects of PE were proved to be not very significant.
文摘Drawn upon Dornyei' s motivational study,this paper aims to explore the implications that process-oriented approach may bring and tries to shed light on some applications in Chinese EFL teaching context.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70501030,70621001)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No.9073020)
文摘A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in multi-projects of chemical engineering design are analyzed. Then based on theories of project management, process management, and knowledge management, a process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is proposed. The platform has three characteristics: knowledge is divided into professional knowledge and project management knowledge; knowledge sharing is integrated with the project process, which makes knowledge sharing a necessary part of the project process and ensures the quantity of knowledge shared; the platform provides quantitative measurements of incentive mechanisms for knowledge providers and users which ensures the quality of knowledge shared. This knowledge-sharing platform uses two knowledge management tools, a knowledge map and a knowledge base, to support the platform.
文摘Background: Providing nursing care for patients and relatives requires a great effort from a nurse. It is therefore important for the nurse to have the opportunity to reflect on the caring acts included in process-oriented nursing supervision (PRONS). The overall objective of the nursing supervision is to support the professional development identity, competences, skills and ethics in different situations in nursing care. Aim: To investigate nurses’ experiences of the model of purging, playing and learning (PPL) according to Eriksson theory in a (PRONS) related to strengthen safe care, quality and professional development. Method: A qualitative study with individual interviews and the data was analyzed using qualitative interpretive content analysis. Participants: All eleven registered participated nurses were from southwestern Sweden and worked in different hospital units. Ethical Considerations: The study carried out in accordance with the ethical guidelines laid down in the Helsinki Declaration and according to the recommendations of the regional ethics committee. Findings: Three categories were identified, valuable purging in the process, responsive playing and awareness of learning. The study found that by participating in PRONS the nurses had developed new approaches with different “tools” when difficult situations occurred in daily nursing practice. Conclusion: PRONS with the model PPL has an important role to support nurses in daily nursing practice. The study highlights that there are residual successful effects after PRONS for the nurses in managing care situations that experienced strengthen quality in care and professional development.
文摘Table manners are important in manycultures.Inmost countries,youwait untileveryone has food before eating.Youalso don't put your elbows on the table.It's not polite to eat too fast.And youshouldn't talk with food in yourmouth orchew with your mouth open.
基金supported by the Joint Foundation project for Young Scientists of Ministry of Education(6141A02033108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11502180)
文摘The lethality of a semi-preformed fragment warhead is closely related to the expand velocity and spatial distribution of the fragments from ruptured metal casing. The topic of how to improve the utilization of charge of have been drawing great attention from researchers and designer in this filed. In present paper,in order to investigate the influence of charge initiation manners on the scattering characteristics of semi-preformed fragment warhead, the numerical simulations and experimental test are conducted.Firstly, the influence of grid density on numerical results is investigated, and a proper numerical model with relatively high accuracy and effectiveness is determined. Then. numerical simulations of three kinds of different initiation position of a semi-preformed fragment warhead are carried out. An experimental test of the explosion of a semi-preformed fragment warhead is carried out. By comparing and analyzing the numerical results and experimental data, it is found that the initiation manners have great influence on scattering characteristics of semi-preformed fragment warhead. The researcher work of this paper would provide an effective alternative method to optimize the design of warhead.
基金Foundation item:the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20590360)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(2006021014)+1 种基金the National Outstanding Young Scientists Foundation of China(20625620)National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2007CB216401).
文摘A systematic study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the manganese incorporation manner on the textural properties, bulk and surface phase compositions, reduction/carburization behaviors, and surface basicity of an iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） catalyst. The catalyst samples were characterized by N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, H2 （or CO） temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption （TPD）, and M5ssbauer spectroscopy. The FTS performance of the catalysts was studied in a slurry-phase continuously stirred tank reactor （CSTR）. The characterization results indicated that the manganese promoter incorporated by using the coprecipitation method could improve the dispersion of iron oxide, and decrease the size of the iron oxide crystallite. The manganese incorporated with the impregnation method is enriched on the catalyst＇s surface. The manganese promoter added with the impregnation method suppresses the reduction and carburization of the catalyst in H2, CO, and syngas because of the excessive enrichment of manganese on the catalyst surface. The catalyst added manganese using the coprecipitation method has the highest CO conversion （51.9%） and the lowest selectivity for heavy hydrocarbons （C12＋）.
文摘We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma(IBC)accompanying a tumor embolus in the extrahepatic bile duct,who was admitted to our department on October 13,2008.Imaging showed an asymmetry dilation of the biliary tree,different bile signals in the biliary tree,a multiloculated lesion and an extrahepatic bile duct lesion with internal septation.A regular left hemihepatectomy en bloc was performed with resection of the entire tumor,during which a tumor embolus protruding into the extrahepatic bile duct and originating from biliary duct of segment 4 was revealed.Microscopically,the multiloculated tumor was confirmed to be a biliary cystadenoma with an epithelial lining composed of biliary-type cuboidal cells and surrounded by an ovarian-like stroma.An aggressive en bloc resection was recommended for the multiloculated lesion.Imaging workup,clinicians and surgeons need to be aware of this different presentation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81372852 and 81202095)
文摘Cytokines are believed to be involved in a “vicious circle” of progressive interactions in bone metastasis. Iguratimod is a novel anti-rheumatic drug which is reported to have the capability of anti-cytokines. In this study, a rat model was constructed to investigate the effect of iguratimod on bone metastasis and it was found that iguratimod alleviated cancer-induced bone destruction. To further explore whether an anti-tumor activity of iguratimod contributes to the effect of bone resorption suppression, two human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were studied. The effect of iguratimod on tumor proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The effects of iguratimod on migration and invasion of cancer cells were determined by wound-healing and Transwell assays. Results showed that high dose（30 μg/m L） iguratimod slightly suppressed the proliferation of cancer cells but failed to inhibit their migration and invasion capacity. Interestingly, iguratimod decreased the transcription level of IL-6 in MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, iguratimod partially impaired NF-κB signaling by suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit. Our findings indicated that iguratimod may alleviate bone destruction by partially decreasing the expression of IL-6 in an NF-κB-dependent manner, while it has little effect on the tumor proliferation and invasion.
文摘With the further integration of global economy, business competition becomes increasingly fierce; interactions among na-tions are more often than before. Business manners become quite necessary because manners convey a man of his or her qualities,self-confidence and spirits. A man's behaviors in formal occasions are not only for himself but represent his unit, sometimes a na-tion's reputation. Thus in orders to have a successful business negotiation, business behaviors and manners must be watched.Thisessay is aim at speech and gifting manners in foreign business: One is that we need attention on wordage, appellations and topics intalking. The other is that we shall mind pick, gifting and acceptance of presents.
文摘The table manners refer to the rules and standard of behaviors that people should abide by in the formal dining processes. Due to the different cultural backgrounds, there are different cultures of table manners between China and England, which are shown from the arrangement of the order of seats, the etiquette of serving up and urging other people to drink and the ways of using tableware.
文摘BACKGROUND： Elk-1 mRNA distributes extensively in the neurons of mice, rat and human brains, and the Elk-1 expression may be correlated with the synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. OBJECTIVE： To observe the distribution of phosphorylated Elk-1 （pEIk-1） in whole brain of rats received Y-maze active avoidance training and the changes of pEIk-1 expression at different time points after training. DESIGN ： A randomized controlled study SETTING ： Research Room of Neurobiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University MATERIALS ： Fifty-five male clean-degree SD rats of 3-4 months old, weighing 200-250 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Southem Medical University. The rabbit anti-monoclonal pEIk-1 antibody was purchased from Cell Signal Transduction Company, and ABC kit from Vector Company. METHODS ： The experiments were carried out in the Research Room of Neurobiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University from September 2004 to February 2005. ① Grouping： The rats were randomly divided into training group （n = 25）, sham-training group （n = 25） and normal control group （n = 5）, and the training and sham-training groups were observed at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 24 hours after training, which represented the five phases in the process of leaming and memory. ② Y-maze training： The rats were preconditioned in the electrical Y-maze apparatus, 20 minutes a day for 3 days continuously, and training began from the 4^th day. In the training group, the rats were trained with the combination of light and electddty. Each rat repeated for 60 times in each training, and the correct times were recorded, those correct for less than 25 times were taken as unqualified, and excluded from the training group, and supplemented by other rats in time. In the sham-training group, there was no fixed correlation between the application of light and electricity. The rats in the normal contrel group were given not any training. ③Detection of pEIk-1 expression： The rats were anesthetized after Y-maze training, brain tissue was removed to prepare coronal freezing sections, and the pEIk-1 expression was detected with routine ABC method. MATN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in whole brain of rats in the normal control group. ②Comparison of the expression of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in whole brain at different time points after training between the training group and sham-training group. RESULTS ： All the 55 rats were involved in result analysis. ③ Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in the whole brain of rats in the normal control group： Strong expressions of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons were observed in prefrontal lobe, granular layer of olfactory bulbs, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of cerebellum, whole stdate cortex, temporal cortex, pre-pyriform cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and periventricular nucleus, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, pronucleus and postnucleus of amygdala cortex, central nucleus of amygdala, medial amygdaloid nucleus, entorhinal cortex, hippocampal dentate gyros, CA1-4 regions, caudate-putamen, material division, brain stem spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve, and superior olivary nucleus, and those in hippocampal dentate gyrus and CA1 region were the strongest.② Distribution of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons in the whole brain of rats at different time points after training in the training group and sham-training group： In the training group, the expressions were obviously enhanced in caudate-putamen of striatum, material division, most cortexes, hippocampal dentate gyrus, hippocampal CA regions, nucleus amygdalae, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum, entorhinal cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, and periventricular nucleus at 0 hour after training, and the enhancement lasted for 6 hours at least, and those at 24 hours were decreased to normal. In the sham-training group, obvious enhanced expressions of pEIk-1 immuno-positive neurons could be observed in most cortexes, nucleus amygdalae, entorhinal cortex, hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamic paraventdoular nucleus and periventricular nucleus, brain stem spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of cerebellum at O, 1, 3 and 6 hours, and decreased to normal after 24 hours. The expressions in material division, caudate-putamen of striatum, hippocampus were not obviously enhanced as compared with those in the normal control group, but significantly different from those in the training group （0, 1, 3, 6 hours after training, material division： F= 0.576, 0.023, 0.116, 8.873, P〈 0.01; caudate-putamen： F= 0.157, 0.427, 0.030, 0.001, P〈 0.01; hippocampus： F= 6.716, 2.405, 14.137, 1.416, P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： The expression of activated pEIk-1 can be detected in the learning related brain areas under normal status, and the perk-1 expression in the brain areas dynamically changed in a time-dependent manner after Y-maze training, and it is indicated that pEIk-1 is involved in the learning and memory process in Y-maze related brain areas.
文摘The first part of this essay deals with Giorgio Vasari＇s conception of architecture in sixteenth-century Italy, and the second part examines Vasari＇s practical application of one of his constructions, the loggia （open gallery or arcade） or corridoio （corridor）. The essay also discusses the merits of Vasari＇s open gallery （loggia） as a vernacular architectural construct with egalitarian functions and Vasari＇s principles of architecture （design, rule, order, and proportion） and beauty （delight and necessity） for the formulation of the theory of art in Mannerism, a sixteenth-century style of art.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11175024,11375031,and 11505013)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.KZ201510015014)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.4162024)
文摘The modulation of absorption manner in helicon discharge by changing the profile of low axial magnetic field is explored experimentally in this work. The experiments are carried out in Boswell-type antenna driven by 13.56-MHz power source in 0.35-Pa argon environment. The peak of the external non-uniform magnetic field （Bex） along the axis is observed in a range from 0 Gs to 250 Gs （1 Gs=10^-4 T）, where the electron density varies from 0.5×10^16 m^-3 to 9×10^16 m^-3. When Bex is located near the tube upper end sealed by a dielectric plate, or near the tube bottom end connected with a diffusion chamber, the plasmas are centralized in the tube in the former case while the strong luminance appears between the edge of the tube and the axial line in the latter case. When Bex is located in the middle of the antenna, moreover, an effective resistance （Reff） peak appears apparently with increasing magnetic field. The glow moves toward first the edge of the tube and then the two antenna legs as the magnetic field increases. The discharge in this case is caused by the absorption of Trivelpiece-Gould （TG） wave. It is suggested that Bex is located in the middle of the antenna to obtain a higher efficiency of power transfer.
文摘Table etiquette is an aspect of culture.Against different cultural backgrounds,China and Western countries may have different customs.Only if the differences are understood can cultural conflicts be properly dealt with in intercultural communications.Detailed discussion and comparison of differences between Chinese and Western table manners are mainly talked about in this paper.It aims to analyze the cultural causes of these differences.At last,it expounds on four reasons that have caused the differences:historical backgrounds,thinking modes,diet structures and national characters.
文摘The purpose of this research was to investigate the manner of deaths in Marion County, throughout the years of 2018 to 2021 to see if there were any correlative increases in homicide, suicide, natural, accidental, or drug overdose related deaths. We surveyed the incidence of all deaths that occurred from 2018 through 2021 which came through the Marion County Coroner’s Office, Indiana. The data was then divided into two halves. According to the data, the leading manner of death in the first half and second half was accidental. This study revealed a total of 8732 cases: 3817 of them were observed to be accidental, 3092 natural, 956 homicide, 689 suicide, and 178 were undetermined. There were initially 318 drug overdose related deaths in 2018 and they increased to 2163 by 2021. In 2018, the number of deaths due to fentanyl related overdoses increased from 195 to 799 in 2021. This research will contribute to the forensic science field by providing information about the manner of death and fentanyl trends in Marion County over the last four years.
