There are several classifications of foods that also include the level of their processing,with NOVA classification appearing to be the most adopted.However scientific consensus is still missing on how to define,chara...There are several classifications of foods that also include the level of their processing,with NOVA classification appearing to be the most adopted.However scientific consensus is still missing on how to define,characterize and classify food processing.The classifications are typically based on the health impacts of foods and do not fully include the engineering perspective of processing,i.e.,the application of physical,chemical,or biotechnological unit operations during food manufacturing,and the composition of a food product.This review offers an engineering perspective and definition of food processing,based on the change of mass and energy,allowing distinguishment of the impacts caused by food processing during the biomass transformation to food products.The improved understanding of the causes of undesired changes in food properties could be used for nutritional public policy recommendations and would contribute to combating some of the chronic diseases related to food consumption patterns.Proposed is the definition of“Food processing”as a sum of all intentional additions or removals of either edible matter or energy(except for any transport or for removal of inedible parts of food)between the harvest of ingredients and consumption of the product.展开更多
This paper emphasizes the importance of defining processes rigorously, completely, clearly, and in detail in order to support the complex projects that are essential to the modern world. The paper argues that such pro...This paper emphasizes the importance of defining processes rigorously, completely, clearly, and in detail in order to support the complex projects that are essential to the modern world. The paper argues that such process definitions provide needed structure and context for the development of effective software systems. The centrality of process is argued by enumerating seven key ways in which processes and their definitions are expected to provide important benefits to society. The paper provides an example of a process formalism that makes good progress towards the difficult goal of being simultaneously rigorous, detailed, broad, and clear. Early experience suggests that these four key characteristics of this formalism do indeed seem to help it to support meeting the seven key benefits sought from process definitions. Additional research is suggested in order to gain more insights into needs in the area of process definition formalisms.展开更多
文摘There are several classifications of foods that also include the level of their processing,with NOVA classification appearing to be the most adopted.However scientific consensus is still missing on how to define,characterize and classify food processing.The classifications are typically based on the health impacts of foods and do not fully include the engineering perspective of processing,i.e.,the application of physical,chemical,or biotechnological unit operations during food manufacturing,and the composition of a food product.This review offers an engineering perspective and definition of food processing,based on the change of mass and energy,allowing distinguishment of the impacts caused by food processing during the biomass transformation to food products.The improved understanding of the causes of undesired changes in food properties could be used for nutritional public policy recommendations and would contribute to combating some of the chronic diseases related to food consumption patterns.Proposed is the definition of“Food processing”as a sum of all intentional additions or removals of either edible matter or energy(except for any transport or for removal of inedible parts of food)between the harvest of ingredients and consumption of the product.
基金supported by the US National Science Foundation under Award Nos. CCR-0427071, CCR-0204321 and CCR-0205575
文摘This paper emphasizes the importance of defining processes rigorously, completely, clearly, and in detail in order to support the complex projects that are essential to the modern world. The paper argues that such process definitions provide needed structure and context for the development of effective software systems. The centrality of process is argued by enumerating seven key ways in which processes and their definitions are expected to provide important benefits to society. The paper provides an example of a process formalism that makes good progress towards the difficult goal of being simultaneously rigorous, detailed, broad, and clear. Early experience suggests that these four key characteristics of this formalism do indeed seem to help it to support meeting the seven key benefits sought from process definitions. Additional research is suggested in order to gain more insights into needs in the area of process definition formalisms.
