In this study,thyme essential oil(TEO)nanoemulsion(tPTNs)was constructed with transglutaminase(TGase)-modified potato protein,and its antibacterial activity and mechanism of action were evaluated and explored.Results ...In this study,thyme essential oil(TEO)nanoemulsion(tPTNs)was constructed with transglutaminase(TGase)-modified potato protein,and its antibacterial activity and mechanism of action were evaluated and explored.Results indicated that tPTNs exhibited great antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,with minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL,respectively.Also,the antibacterial effects of tPTNs were concentration-dependent.We observed a significant decrease in the absolute value of the zeta potential,and significant increases in particle size,cell membrane hydrophobicity,conductivity,the release of metal ions,and the leakage of nucleic acid as the concentration of tPTNs increased from 0 mg/mL to MBC.Furthermore,sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)demonstrated that protein synthesis was inhibited or even disrupted.Analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)indicated that treatment with tPTNs caused significant changes in bacterial metabolites,1117 and 692 differential metabolites being found for S.aureus and E.coli,respectively.The differential metabolites were involved in nucleotide metabolism,amino acid metabolism,tricarboxylic acid cycle and other metabolic pathways.These findings provide valuable insights for the application of thyme essential oil as an efficient antibacterial agent and for the understanding of its mechanism of action.展开更多
Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon...Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.展开更多
In electrochemical energy storage systems,the sodium-ion battery is typically integrated in the form of a“cell-module-cluster”,but its cross-scale thermal runaway triggering risk and the propagation mechanism remain...In electrochemical energy storage systems,the sodium-ion battery is typically integrated in the form of a“cell-module-cluster”,but its cross-scale thermal runaway triggering risk and the propagation mechanism remain unclear.This study reveals the cross-scale thermal runaway triggering and propagation behavior of sodium-ion batteries of“cell-module-cluster”under overcharge conditions,and investigates the effects of key factors,including module spacing,triggering cell location,and heat dissipation condition,on the thermal runaway propagation behavior.Results demonstrate that the thermal runaway propagation in a module containing the overcharged cell follows a sequential triggering mode,while thermal runaway in the downstream module exhibits a simultaneous triggering mode with greater severity.Furthermore,increasing the module spacing or enhancing the heat dissipation capacity can effectively reduce the heat accumulation and prevent the trigger of thermal runaway.On the above basis,the multi-dimensional evaluation strategy is proposed to quantitatively assess the hazard of sodium-ion battery cluster thermal runaway.The findings serve as a foundation for the safe design of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage systems.展开更多
The growing volume of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represents both an urgent environmental challenge and a critical resource opportunity,especially for cathode materials.Among commercial cathodes,LiFePO4(LFP...The growing volume of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represents both an urgent environmental challenge and a critical resource opportunity,especially for cathode materials.Among commercial cathodes,LiFePO4(LFP)dominates the market due to its favorable properties;thus,a substantial amount of LFP cathode materials is expected to retire in the near future.The conventional hydrometallurgical method suffers from high costs and serious pollution.Direct regeneration technologies,especially solid-state sintering,provide a more efficient and environmentally benign alternative by repairing cathode structures through high-temperature solid-phase reactions without extra chemical reagents.Traditional solid-state sintering faces challenges in processing spent LFP from diverse sources,struggling to achieve the homogenization of physical–chemical properties and electrochemical performance.To address the limitations above,phase homogenization with a lattice reconstruction strategy has been investigated,which can enable effective lattice reconstruction and microstructural homogenization,demonstrating robust adaptability to spent samples from variable sources.This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms,detailed steps,characterization techniques,and advances in pre-oxidation optimization(including ion-doping and coated carbon layer modification),as well as future research directions for sustainable LFP recycling.Given this,this review is expected to offer theoretical guidance for achieving homogeneous regeneration of LFP cathode.展开更多
Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is l...Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is limited.Through uniaxial compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact tests,the dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of conglomerate rock were studied.Nanoindentation and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were employed to analyze the micro-mechanical behavior and internal structure of the conglomerate rock.Results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties between different gravel particles and cementing materials,with initial fractures primarily distributed at the gravel-cement interfaces.The dynamic mechanical properties of conglomerate rocks exhibit a clear strain rate dependency.Based on the stress−strain curves and failure characteristics,the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior can be categorized into two types using a critical strain rate.The dynamic compressive strength,peak strain,and toughness of conglomerate rock increased with the strain rate,with the strength at 54 s−1 being 2.6 times that at 6 s−1.The dynamic compressive fracture mechanism of conglomerate rock is related to the strain rate and microstructure;at low strain rates,gravel distribution is the key factor,whereas at high strain rates,gravel content becomes critical.展开更多
The Mianhuakeng uranium deposit,characterized by uranium-rich granite,serves as a key site for research into crustal radioactive heating.Based on 45 rock samples,this study reviews that the host granite in the Mianhua...The Mianhuakeng uranium deposit,characterized by uranium-rich granite,serves as a key site for research into crustal radioactive heating.Based on 45 rock samples,this study reviews that the host granite in the Mianhuakeng uranium deposit has a high radioactive heat production rate(avg.5.50μW/m³)and a low Th/U ratio(avg.2.62).Uranium-rich granite and its alteration zone within the upper crust(0-5 km depth)contribute about 45%of the total radioactive heat production,wich is crucial for controlling geothermal resource distribution.For uranium-thermal at tectonic plate margins,a symbiotic geological model was proposed:Firstly,subduction of the Pacific Plate caused upwelling of the asthenosphere,generating a high heat-flow background.Secondly,heat transfer is enhanced by major faults such as the Youdong and Mianhuakeng faults.Subsequently,uranium was mobilized,transported,and enriched within the granite through deep siliceous hydrothermal activity and associated alteration.Ultimately,the uranium enrichment in granite leads to increased radioactive heat production,resulting in local thermal anomalies.This model provides a theoretical support for exploring and developing uranium-thermal symbiotic resources in South China.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional ...Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical perspectives,providing a scientific basis and novel therapeutic approaches for clinical management of BCRL.Methods:Patients with BCRL admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of Hebei University Affiliated Hospital were enrolled.A prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted,with eligible patients randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group.The control group received manual lymphatic drainage alone,while the treatment group received manual lymphtic drainage combined with blood-letting cupping therapy.Posttreatment comparisons evaluated upper limb circumference reduction,edema severity grading,and upper limb functional scores.Vital signs and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded for both groups.Statistical software analyzed the data.Results:The treatment group demonstrated significantly greater reduction in upper limb circumference,improvement in edema severity,and higher upper limb function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Vital signs remained stable throughout treatment in both groups.No severe adverse reactions occurred in the treatment group;only isolated cases of mild skin itching were reported,which resolved after symptomatic management.Conclusion:The combination of bloodletting cupping and manual lymphatic drainage demonstrates reliable efficacy in treating BCRL,effectively alleviating edema symptoms and improving upper limb function with high safety.Its mechanism may relate to traditional Chinese medicine principles of“unblocking meridians,promoting blood circulation,and resolving stasis”and modern medical concepts of“enhancing local blood circulation,facilitating lymphatic drainage,and reducing inflammatory responses”.展开更多
Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the c...Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the common prosperity strategy. The research identifies key obstacles to income expansion, including an undiversified industrial structure, insufficient human capital, and a lack of robust social protection. These call for systemic solutions featuring institutional innovation, resource consolidation, and capability enhancement. Building on Zhejiang's experience as a common prosperity demonstration zone, the article constructs an integrated framework centered on four pillars: industrial empowerment, education upgrading, social security reinforcement, and digital coordination. It further offers concrete policy proposals involving the cultivation of localized industries, vocational skill training, enhanced safety nets, and the adoption of digital tools. The study thus offers both theoretical insights and practical paradigms for tackling the challenge of raising incomes in low-income rural areas.展开更多
Soft clay treatment with all industrial by-product(IBP)binder has great economic and environmental benefits,yet its geomechanics and mechanisms still need to be well probed.With the activation by calcium carbide resid...Soft clay treatment with all industrial by-product(IBP)binder has great economic and environmental benefits,yet its geomechanics and mechanisms still need to be well probed.With the activation by calcium carbide residue(CCR)and phosphogypsum(PG),the strength,structure,and mechanisms of soft clay treated by aluminosilicate-rich IBP(AS-IBP,such as ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),fly ash(FA),coal gangue(CG),Bayer red mud(BR),and sintered red mud(SR))are comparatively investigated.The strength characteristics of solidified clay exhibit significant differences as AS-IBP changes.When GGBS is adopted,the strength is sensitive to the change in PG content,while the impact of CCR is insignificant.After 90 d,the strength of the optimal sample(G23)reaches 1.40 MPa,35.9%higher than cement solidified clay(CSC),while that achieved by other AS-IBPs is less than 0.3 MPa.In the compression test,the structure's evolutionary trend of G23 has a sudden change as the strength increases from 1.81 MPa to 2.29 MPa,suggesting the transformation in material properties.Besides,the structure of G23 is stronger than CSC,which contributes more to the compressive performance.The total amount of main products(C-S-H and ettringite)of all-IBP solidified clay determines the strength,and ettringite is only significant when calcium-rich AS-IBP is adopted.The total amount of minor products(C-A-H and C-A-S-H)is similar for different samples,equivalent to 28.9%-46.3%of the main products.The relationship between the strength and the product amount can be presented using an exponential function.展开更多
Abiotic oxygen formation predates photosynthesis,sustaining early chemical evolution,yet its elementary mechanisms remain contested.Here,we show the production pathways for molecular oxygen from doubly ionized carbon ...Abiotic oxygen formation predates photosynthesis,sustaining early chemical evolution,yet its elementary mechanisms remain contested.Here,we show the production pathways for molecular oxygen from doubly ionized carbon dioxide upon electron-impact.Through fragment ions and electron coincidence momentum imaging,we unambiguously determine the ionization mechanism by measuring the projectile energy loss in association with the C^(+) +O_(2)^(+) channel.Further potential energy and trajectory calculations enable us to elucidate the dynamical details of this fragmentation process,in which a bond rearrangement pathway is found to proceed via the structural deformation to a triangular intermediate.Moreover,we demonstrate a further roaming pathway for the formation of O_(2)^(+) from CO_(2)^(+) 2,in which a frustrated C-O bond cleavage leaves the O atom without sufficient energy to escape.The O atom then wanders around varied configuration spaces of the flat potential energy regions and forms a C-O-O_(2)^(+) intermediate prior to the final products C^(+) +O_(2)^(+).Considering the large quantities of free electrons in interstellar space,the processes revealed here are expected to be significant and should be incorporated into atmospheric evolution models.展开更多
文摘In this study,thyme essential oil(TEO)nanoemulsion(tPTNs)was constructed with transglutaminase(TGase)-modified potato protein,and its antibacterial activity and mechanism of action were evaluated and explored.Results indicated that tPTNs exhibited great antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,with minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL,respectively.Also,the antibacterial effects of tPTNs were concentration-dependent.We observed a significant decrease in the absolute value of the zeta potential,and significant increases in particle size,cell membrane hydrophobicity,conductivity,the release of metal ions,and the leakage of nucleic acid as the concentration of tPTNs increased from 0 mg/mL to MBC.Furthermore,sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)demonstrated that protein synthesis was inhibited or even disrupted.Analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)indicated that treatment with tPTNs caused significant changes in bacterial metabolites,1117 and 692 differential metabolites being found for S.aureus and E.coli,respectively.The differential metabolites were involved in nucleotide metabolism,amino acid metabolism,tricarboxylic acid cycle and other metabolic pathways.These findings provide valuable insights for the application of thyme essential oil as an efficient antibacterial agent and for the understanding of its mechanism of action.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4104500,2023YFB4104502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22138013)the Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020).
文摘Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.
基金supported by the Anhui Quality Infrastructure Standardization Project(Grant No.2024MKSO7)the Science and Technology Project of State Grid(SGAHDK00DJJS2310027)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2208085UD03).
文摘In electrochemical energy storage systems,the sodium-ion battery is typically integrated in the form of a“cell-module-cluster”,but its cross-scale thermal runaway triggering risk and the propagation mechanism remain unclear.This study reveals the cross-scale thermal runaway triggering and propagation behavior of sodium-ion batteries of“cell-module-cluster”under overcharge conditions,and investigates the effects of key factors,including module spacing,triggering cell location,and heat dissipation condition,on the thermal runaway propagation behavior.Results demonstrate that the thermal runaway propagation in a module containing the overcharged cell follows a sequential triggering mode,while thermal runaway in the downstream module exhibits a simultaneous triggering mode with greater severity.Furthermore,increasing the module spacing or enhancing the heat dissipation capacity can effectively reduce the heat accumulation and prevent the trigger of thermal runaway.On the above basis,the multi-dimensional evaluation strategy is proposed to quantitatively assess the hazard of sodium-ion battery cluster thermal runaway.The findings serve as a foundation for the safe design of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage systems.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Key Foundation of China(52534010)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52374288,52204298)+2 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(2022QNRC001)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3900805-4/7)Collaborative Innovation Centre for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources,Found of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing(BGRIMM-KJSKL-2017-13).
文摘The growing volume of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represents both an urgent environmental challenge and a critical resource opportunity,especially for cathode materials.Among commercial cathodes,LiFePO4(LFP)dominates the market due to its favorable properties;thus,a substantial amount of LFP cathode materials is expected to retire in the near future.The conventional hydrometallurgical method suffers from high costs and serious pollution.Direct regeneration technologies,especially solid-state sintering,provide a more efficient and environmentally benign alternative by repairing cathode structures through high-temperature solid-phase reactions without extra chemical reagents.Traditional solid-state sintering faces challenges in processing spent LFP from diverse sources,struggling to achieve the homogenization of physical–chemical properties and electrochemical performance.To address the limitations above,phase homogenization with a lattice reconstruction strategy has been investigated,which can enable effective lattice reconstruction and microstructural homogenization,demonstrating robust adaptability to spent samples from variable sources.This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms,detailed steps,characterization techniques,and advances in pre-oxidation optimization(including ion-doping and coated carbon layer modification),as well as future research directions for sustainable LFP recycling.Given this,this review is expected to offer theoretical guidance for achieving homogeneous regeneration of LFP cathode.
基金Project(51978674)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is limited.Through uniaxial compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact tests,the dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of conglomerate rock were studied.Nanoindentation and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were employed to analyze the micro-mechanical behavior and internal structure of the conglomerate rock.Results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties between different gravel particles and cementing materials,with initial fractures primarily distributed at the gravel-cement interfaces.The dynamic mechanical properties of conglomerate rocks exhibit a clear strain rate dependency.Based on the stress−strain curves and failure characteristics,the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior can be categorized into two types using a critical strain rate.The dynamic compressive strength,peak strain,and toughness of conglomerate rock increased with the strain rate,with the strength at 54 s−1 being 2.6 times that at 6 s−1.The dynamic compressive fracture mechanism of conglomerate rock is related to the strain rate and microstructure;at low strain rates,gravel distribution is the key factor,whereas at high strain rates,gravel content becomes critical.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41902310,42372348,42372286)Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD1003607)+2 种基金China Geological Survey Projects(DD20230700802,DD20221819)the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(JKYQN202306)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province,China(202102090301009).
文摘The Mianhuakeng uranium deposit,characterized by uranium-rich granite,serves as a key site for research into crustal radioactive heating.Based on 45 rock samples,this study reviews that the host granite in the Mianhuakeng uranium deposit has a high radioactive heat production rate(avg.5.50μW/m³)and a low Th/U ratio(avg.2.62).Uranium-rich granite and its alteration zone within the upper crust(0-5 km depth)contribute about 45%of the total radioactive heat production,wich is crucial for controlling geothermal resource distribution.For uranium-thermal at tectonic plate margins,a symbiotic geological model was proposed:Firstly,subduction of the Pacific Plate caused upwelling of the asthenosphere,generating a high heat-flow background.Secondly,heat transfer is enhanced by major faults such as the Youdong and Mianhuakeng faults.Subsequently,uranium was mobilized,transported,and enriched within the granite through deep siliceous hydrothermal activity and associated alteration.Ultimately,the uranium enrichment in granite leads to increased radioactive heat production,resulting in local thermal anomalies.This model provides a theoretical support for exploring and developing uranium-thermal symbiotic resources in South China.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of blood-letting cupping combined with manual lymphatic drainage in treating breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)and explore its mechanism of action from both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical perspectives,providing a scientific basis and novel therapeutic approaches for clinical management of BCRL.Methods:Patients with BCRL admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of Hebei University Affiliated Hospital were enrolled.A prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted,with eligible patients randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group.The control group received manual lymphatic drainage alone,while the treatment group received manual lymphtic drainage combined with blood-letting cupping therapy.Posttreatment comparisons evaluated upper limb circumference reduction,edema severity grading,and upper limb functional scores.Vital signs and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded for both groups.Statistical software analyzed the data.Results:The treatment group demonstrated significantly greater reduction in upper limb circumference,improvement in edema severity,and higher upper limb function scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Vital signs remained stable throughout treatment in both groups.No severe adverse reactions occurred in the treatment group;only isolated cases of mild skin itching were reported,which resolved after symptomatic management.Conclusion:The combination of bloodletting cupping and manual lymphatic drainage demonstrates reliable efficacy in treating BCRL,effectively alleviating edema symptoms and improving upper limb function with high safety.Its mechanism may relate to traditional Chinese medicine principles of“unblocking meridians,promoting blood circulation,and resolving stasis”and modern medical concepts of“enhancing local blood circulation,facilitating lymphatic drainage,and reducing inflammatory responses”.
文摘Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the common prosperity strategy. The research identifies key obstacles to income expansion, including an undiversified industrial structure, insufficient human capital, and a lack of robust social protection. These call for systemic solutions featuring institutional innovation, resource consolidation, and capability enhancement. Building on Zhejiang's experience as a common prosperity demonstration zone, the article constructs an integrated framework centered on four pillars: industrial empowerment, education upgrading, social security reinforcement, and digital coordination. It further offers concrete policy proposals involving the cultivation of localized industries, vocational skill training, enhanced safety nets, and the adoption of digital tools. The study thus offers both theoretical insights and practical paradigms for tackling the challenge of raising incomes in low-income rural areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24A20183)Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2024AFA051)Youth Science Fund(A-class)of Hunan Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2025JJ20049).
文摘Soft clay treatment with all industrial by-product(IBP)binder has great economic and environmental benefits,yet its geomechanics and mechanisms still need to be well probed.With the activation by calcium carbide residue(CCR)and phosphogypsum(PG),the strength,structure,and mechanisms of soft clay treated by aluminosilicate-rich IBP(AS-IBP,such as ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),fly ash(FA),coal gangue(CG),Bayer red mud(BR),and sintered red mud(SR))are comparatively investigated.The strength characteristics of solidified clay exhibit significant differences as AS-IBP changes.When GGBS is adopted,the strength is sensitive to the change in PG content,while the impact of CCR is insignificant.After 90 d,the strength of the optimal sample(G23)reaches 1.40 MPa,35.9%higher than cement solidified clay(CSC),while that achieved by other AS-IBPs is less than 0.3 MPa.In the compression test,the structure's evolutionary trend of G23 has a sudden change as the strength increases from 1.81 MPa to 2.29 MPa,suggesting the transformation in material properties.Besides,the structure of G23 is stronger than CSC,which contributes more to the compressive performance.The total amount of main products(C-S-H and ettringite)of all-IBP solidified clay determines the strength,and ettringite is only significant when calcium-rich AS-IBP is adopted.The total amount of minor products(C-A-H and C-A-S-H)is similar for different samples,equivalent to 28.9%-46.3%of the main products.The relationship between the strength and the product amount can be presented using an exponential function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12325406,92261201,12404305,and W2512072)the Shaanxi Province Natural Science Fundamental Research Project (Grant Nos.2023JC-XJ-03 and23JSQ013)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos.BX20240286 and 2024M7625)。
文摘Abiotic oxygen formation predates photosynthesis,sustaining early chemical evolution,yet its elementary mechanisms remain contested.Here,we show the production pathways for molecular oxygen from doubly ionized carbon dioxide upon electron-impact.Through fragment ions and electron coincidence momentum imaging,we unambiguously determine the ionization mechanism by measuring the projectile energy loss in association with the C^(+) +O_(2)^(+) channel.Further potential energy and trajectory calculations enable us to elucidate the dynamical details of this fragmentation process,in which a bond rearrangement pathway is found to proceed via the structural deformation to a triangular intermediate.Moreover,we demonstrate a further roaming pathway for the formation of O_(2)^(+) from CO_(2)^(+) 2,in which a frustrated C-O bond cleavage leaves the O atom without sufficient energy to escape.The O atom then wanders around varied configuration spaces of the flat potential energy regions and forms a C-O-O_(2)^(+) intermediate prior to the final products C^(+) +O_(2)^(+).Considering the large quantities of free electrons in interstellar space,the processes revealed here are expected to be significant and should be incorporated into atmospheric evolution models.
