Seoul’s privately owned public space (POPS) initiative has achieved quantitative success since its introduction in the early 1990s. However, POPSs have been frequently criticized for failing to correspond with the ur...Seoul’s privately owned public space (POPS) initiative has achieved quantitative success since its introduction in the early 1990s. However, POPSs have been frequently criticized for failing to correspond with the urban context in which they are created and are thus often underused. Association between surrounding urban context and the use of POPS is acknowledged, but specific elements of the urban context associated with the use of POPS and the extent of association are unclear. In this study, the relationship between constituent elements of 48 POPSs including the surrounding ground floor facility use and the use of those spaces in Seoul’s central business district was measured by multiple regression analysis. The results present empirical evidence of a substantial relationship between assembly, mercantile, and business facilities on ground floors of surrounding buildings and the use of POPS. As the surrounding ground floor facility use showed an overriding relationship with the use of POPS that possibly overshadowed the influence of secondary determinants, the 48 POPSs were divided into two groups: those surrounded by commercial facilities and those surrounded by business facilities. The use of POPSs surrounded by commercial facilities was associated with additional variables including the proximity to transit stations and crosswalks. Models using the sample of POPSs surrounded by business facilities were not statistically significant. Based on these results, this paper emphasizes the importance of creating POPSs in connection with desirable surrounding facilities. This study also suggests that anticipation of the usage patterns of POPSs and establishment of guidelines supporting those patterns may be viable by investigating preexisting urban contexts.展开更多
This paper is a step-by-step attempt in applying two different valuation methodologies on privately held firms in Greece.Initially the two methodologies—free cash flows to equity and the price-to-sales multiple(P2S)...This paper is a step-by-step attempt in applying two different valuation methodologies on privately held firms in Greece.Initially the two methodologies—free cash flows to equity and the price-to-sales multiple(P2S)—are being explained.These two models are further developed under the Greek accounting standards(especially the first model,being a more fundamental approach),in order to be applied afterwards more correctly to Greek firms’data,leading to adjusted forms.The application of these two models comes right next upon privately held food&drinks firms’financial statements,collected for each year(2013 up to 2015).The final step consists of the analysis and discussion of the results with the help of descriptive statistics(frequencies),as well as the pearson statistic,as a simple correlation tool.展开更多
Transformer models face significant computational challenges in private inference(PI).Existing optimization methods often rely on isolated techniques,neglecting joint structural and operational improvements.We propose...Transformer models face significant computational challenges in private inference(PI).Existing optimization methods often rely on isolated techniques,neglecting joint structural and operational improvements.We propose IG-3D,a unified framework that integrates structured compression and operator approximation through accurate importance assessment.Our approach first evaluates attention head importance using Integrated Gradients(IG),offering greater stability and theoretical soundness than gradient-based methods.We then apply a threedimensional optimization:(1)structurally pruning redundant attention heads;(2)replacing Softmax with adaptive polynomial approximation to avoid exponential computations;(3)implementing layer-wise GELU substitution to accommodate different layer characteristics.A joint thresholdmechanism coordinates compression across dimensions under accuracy constraints.Experimental results on the GLUE benchmark show that our method achieves an average 2.9×speedup in inference latency and a 50%reduction in communication cost,while controlling the accuracy loss within 2.3%,demonstrating significant synergistic effects and a superior accuracy-efficiency trade-off compared to single-technique optimization strategies.展开更多
Last November,track-laying began for the WenlingYuhuan section of the Hangzhou-Taizhou highspeed railway in Zhejiang Province-China's first highspeed rail line controlled by private capital,which became operationa...Last November,track-laying began for the WenlingYuhuan section of the Hangzhou-Taizhou highspeed railway in Zhejiang Province-China's first highspeed rail line controlled by private capital,which became operational in 2022.Both Wenling and Yuhuan are county-level cities administered by the prefecture-level Taizhou City,and Hangzhou is capital of Zhejiang.展开更多
Purpose-This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the Brazilian freight railway system,examining the efficacy of the current concession renewal model in light of persistent structural problems such as market con...Purpose-This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the Brazilian freight railway system,examining the efficacy of the current concession renewal model in light of persistent structural problems such as market concentration,cargo dependence on export commodities and underutilization of the network.Situating Brazil within the broader international debate on railway reforms,the paper evaluates whether the ongoing early renewal of concessions can deliver a more diversified and competitive freight system.Design/methodology/approach-The study adopts a sequential mixed-methods research design that integrates longitudinal quantitative analysis with qualitative institutional and policy evaluation.The quantitative component examines time-series indicators published by ANTT,DNIT and INFRA S.A.from 1999 to 2023 to identify structural patterns in traffic growth,investment,safety and market concentration.The qualitative component employs a process-tracing logic to reconstruct the evolution of concession renewals and the implementation of Railway Law 14.273/2021,drawing on concepts from regulatory economics,institutional theory and industrial organization.These empirical streams are synthesized through an analytical framework that connects three dimensions-regulatory design,market structure and system performance-allowing for a systematic assessment of how Brazil’s institutional configuration shapes incentives,competitive dynamics and network utilization.Findings-The analysis confirms that the early renewal of concessions has successfully secured substantial private investment for capacity expansion on existing trunk lines.However,it has perpetuated the vertically integrated model,reinforcing the market power of incumbent operators and failing to significantly promote intramodal competition or cargo diversification.The system remains dominated by iron ore and agricultural commodities,with general cargo representing a minuscule share.The new authorization regime and short-line railway policies present a viable pathway for market opening but face significant operational and institutional barriers to implementation.Originality/value-This research offers a timely and critical assessment of a pivotal moment in Brazilian railway policy.It moves beyond a simplistic evaluation of volume growth to a structural analysis of market failures and the interplay between concession renewal and regulatory innovation.The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers in Brazil and other emerging economies seeking to balance private investment with public interest goals in railway infrastructure,highlighting the necessity of complementary,pro-competitive measures alongside financial investment.展开更多
Preferential policies,efficient government,and a favorable geographical location...a multitude of factors make the Hainan FTP a promising land for businesses.SOON after the Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)launched special ...Preferential policies,efficient government,and a favorable geographical location...a multitude of factors make the Hainan FTP a promising land for businesses.SOON after the Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)launched special customs operations at the end of 2025,private enterprises operating at its Yangpu Port began to benefit substantially from the favorable policies and surging growth momentum in the region.While riding on an ocean of opportunities opened by the FTP,local businesses are bringing the island to a new level of prosperity,and thriving together with it as a community of shared future.展开更多
China has lower proportion of privately owned cars. A car is yet a necessity for urban families; but it is gaining pace periodically, leading the upgrading campaign of urban residents consumption.
Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of th...Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of these data has not been well stored,managed and mined.With the development of cloud computing technology,it provides a rare development opportunity for logging big data private cloud.The traditional petrophysical evaluation and interpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.The solution research of logging big data distributed storage,processing and learning functions integrated in logging big data private cloud has not been carried out yet.To establish a distributed logging big-data private cloud platform centered on a unifi ed learning model,which achieves the distributed storage and processing of logging big data and facilitates the learning of novel knowledge patterns via the unifi ed logging learning model integrating physical simulation and data models in a large-scale functional space,thus resolving the geo-engineering evaluation problem of geothermal fi elds.Based on the research idea of“logging big data cloud platform-unifi ed logging learning model-large function space-knowledge learning&discovery-application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,data storage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storage and processing of data and learning algorithms.The feasibility of constructing a well logging big data cloud platform based on a unifi ed learning model of physics and data is analyzed in terms of the structure,ecology,management and security of the cloud platform.The case study shows that the logging big data cloud platform has obvious technical advantages over traditional logging evaluation methods in terms of knowledge discovery method,data software and results sharing,accuracy,speed and complexity.展开更多
Background:The Indian healthcare sector has undergone significant transformations due to private equity(PE)investments.The influx of capital has facilitated the expansion of infrastructure and improvement in services,...Background:The Indian healthcare sector has undergone significant transformations due to private equity(PE)investments.The influx of capital has facilitated the expansion of infrastructure and improvement in services,particularly in urban and semi-urban areas.However,this transformation raises critical concerns regarding equity in healthcare access,rising health costs,and the potential commercialization of healthcare services.Methods:Employing a critical political economy approach,this study examines the effects of PE investments in Indian healthcare.It integrates theories from Antonio Gramsci,David Harvey and Nancy Fraser to analyze the implications of these investments.The research draws on secondary data from industry reports,government statistics and academic literature to assess the trends,impacts and policy responses related to PE in healthcare.Results:PE investments have led to increased privatization,rising healthcare costs and a focus on profit-driven models.Despite expanding infrastructure,access to quality healthcare remains inequitable,particularly for marginalized and rural populations.The analysis highlights the tension between capital accumulation and public health needs,showing how PE investments prioritize profitability over equity.The commodification of healthcare reflects broader neoliberal policies that undermine public health objectives and exacerbate inequalities.Conclusion:While PE investments drive innovation and expansion,they also pose challenges to affordability and equitable access.Policy interventions are necessary to regulate PE investments and ensure that healthcare remains accessible and equitable for all.展开更多
China’s new law offers protections and incentives to private companies Business leaders in China have welcomed the enactment of the Private Sector Promotion Law,calling it a genuine confidence booster.
Law is all but not known for innovation.This is also true for studies in Roman private law,which have followed a system that is imagined to derive from the 2nd century AD jurist Gaius and late antique Justinianic codi...Law is all but not known for innovation.This is also true for studies in Roman private law,which have followed a system that is imagined to derive from the 2nd century AD jurist Gaius and late antique Justinianic codification.The shaping hands of the ancient codifiers and those of the medieval,early modern and 19th century jurists on Roman private law and the related legal discourses have been identified and studied at length.However,a real shift to discover the ways in which Roman private law became formed and was practiced has not been undertaken in comprehensive manner until the publication of the Handbook of Roman Private Law which is reviewed in the following from the perspective of an ancient historian.展开更多
When attending a symposium on private businesses on 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping underscored the immense opportunities within China’s private economy.He stated that the private sector enjoys broad prospec...When attending a symposium on private businesses on 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping underscored the immense opportunities within China’s private economy.He stated that the private sector enjoys broad prospects and great potential on the new journey in the new era,and that it is a prime time for private businesses and entrepreneurs to give full play to their capabilities.展开更多
Chinese President Xi Jinping urges healthy,high-quality development of private sector Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,on February 17 urged efforts to promote the heal...Chinese President Xi Jinping urges healthy,high-quality development of private sector Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,on February 17 urged efforts to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the country’s private sector.展开更多
Some 20 years ago,10-yearold Wang Xingxing watched a documentary that featured a bipedal robot designed by Marc Raibert,now president of U.S.-based robot company Boston Dynamics.That moment planted the seed for his fu...Some 20 years ago,10-yearold Wang Xingxing watched a documentary that featured a bipedal robot designed by Marc Raibert,now president of U.S.-based robot company Boston Dynamics.That moment planted the seed for his future in innovation.Today,operating in China’s private sector,Wang’s company,Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics in Zhejiang Province,is a globally recognized name in producing high-performance,general-purpose quadruped and humanoid robots.展开更多
Previous bidirectional quantum private comparison(BQPC)protocols cannot meet the requirements in some special application scenarios,where only one party needs to obtain the comparison results without a third party(TP)...Previous bidirectional quantum private comparison(BQPC)protocols cannot meet the requirements in some special application scenarios,where only one party needs to obtain the comparison results without a third party(TP),such as scenarios for authority surveys or healthcare data sharing.In addition to this,the BQPC protocol has the potential of information leakage in multiple comparisons.Therefore,we design a new unidirectional quantum private comparison(UQPC)protocol based on quantum private query(QPQ)protocols with ideal database security and zero failure probability(IDS-ZF),for the reason that they have excellent unidirectionality and security.Concretely,we design a UQPC protocol based on Wei et al.’s work[IEEE Transactions on Computers 672(2017)]and it includes an authentication process to increase the resistance to outside attacks.Moreover,we generalize the protocol and propose a general model that can transform a QPQ protocol with or without the IDS-ZF property into a secure UQPC protocol.Finally,our study shows that protocols using our model are secure,practical,and have the IDS-ZF property.展开更多
Chinese-built project delivers clean water to over 450,000 people in Tanzanian capital city For years,Hassan Juma has struggled to secure clean water for his family in Dar es Salaam’s southern suburb of Bangulo.Like ...Chinese-built project delivers clean water to over 450,000 people in Tanzanian capital city For years,Hassan Juma has struggled to secure clean water for his family in Dar es Salaam’s southern suburb of Bangulo.Like many in the sprawling coastal city,he has faced persistent water shortages and has been forced to rely on expensive private vendors to meet his household’s basic needs.展开更多
On 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping called for efforts to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the country’s private sector.He made the remarks at a symposium on private enterprises,where he de...On 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping called for efforts to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the country’s private sector.He made the remarks at a symposium on private enterprises,where he delivered an important speech after listening to representatives of private entrepreneurs.展开更多
Trend with an increase to EUR l67 mn(compared with minus EUR122.8 mn in 2023).Liquid assets decreased by 38.2 percent compared to December 3l,2023,to a level of EUR 451.7 mn as of December 31,2024,mainly dueto the rep...Trend with an increase to EUR l67 mn(compared with minus EUR122.8 mn in 2023).Liquid assets decreased by 38.2 percent compared to December 3l,2023,to a level of EUR 451.7 mn as of December 31,2024,mainly dueto the repayment of private placements and other loans and borrowings.展开更多
文摘Seoul’s privately owned public space (POPS) initiative has achieved quantitative success since its introduction in the early 1990s. However, POPSs have been frequently criticized for failing to correspond with the urban context in which they are created and are thus often underused. Association between surrounding urban context and the use of POPS is acknowledged, but specific elements of the urban context associated with the use of POPS and the extent of association are unclear. In this study, the relationship between constituent elements of 48 POPSs including the surrounding ground floor facility use and the use of those spaces in Seoul’s central business district was measured by multiple regression analysis. The results present empirical evidence of a substantial relationship between assembly, mercantile, and business facilities on ground floors of surrounding buildings and the use of POPS. As the surrounding ground floor facility use showed an overriding relationship with the use of POPS that possibly overshadowed the influence of secondary determinants, the 48 POPSs were divided into two groups: those surrounded by commercial facilities and those surrounded by business facilities. The use of POPSs surrounded by commercial facilities was associated with additional variables including the proximity to transit stations and crosswalks. Models using the sample of POPSs surrounded by business facilities were not statistically significant. Based on these results, this paper emphasizes the importance of creating POPSs in connection with desirable surrounding facilities. This study also suggests that anticipation of the usage patterns of POPSs and establishment of guidelines supporting those patterns may be viable by investigating preexisting urban contexts.
文摘This paper is a step-by-step attempt in applying two different valuation methodologies on privately held firms in Greece.Initially the two methodologies—free cash flows to equity and the price-to-sales multiple(P2S)—are being explained.These two models are further developed under the Greek accounting standards(especially the first model,being a more fundamental approach),in order to be applied afterwards more correctly to Greek firms’data,leading to adjusted forms.The application of these two models comes right next upon privately held food&drinks firms’financial statements,collected for each year(2013 up to 2015).The final step consists of the analysis and discussion of the results with the help of descriptive statistics(frequencies),as well as the pearson statistic,as a simple correlation tool.
文摘Transformer models face significant computational challenges in private inference(PI).Existing optimization methods often rely on isolated techniques,neglecting joint structural and operational improvements.We propose IG-3D,a unified framework that integrates structured compression and operator approximation through accurate importance assessment.Our approach first evaluates attention head importance using Integrated Gradients(IG),offering greater stability and theoretical soundness than gradient-based methods.We then apply a threedimensional optimization:(1)structurally pruning redundant attention heads;(2)replacing Softmax with adaptive polynomial approximation to avoid exponential computations;(3)implementing layer-wise GELU substitution to accommodate different layer characteristics.A joint thresholdmechanism coordinates compression across dimensions under accuracy constraints.Experimental results on the GLUE benchmark show that our method achieves an average 2.9×speedup in inference latency and a 50%reduction in communication cost,while controlling the accuracy loss within 2.3%,demonstrating significant synergistic effects and a superior accuracy-efficiency trade-off compared to single-technique optimization strategies.
文摘Last November,track-laying began for the WenlingYuhuan section of the Hangzhou-Taizhou highspeed railway in Zhejiang Province-China's first highspeed rail line controlled by private capital,which became operational in 2022.Both Wenling and Yuhuan are county-level cities administered by the prefecture-level Taizhou City,and Hangzhou is capital of Zhejiang.
文摘Purpose-This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the Brazilian freight railway system,examining the efficacy of the current concession renewal model in light of persistent structural problems such as market concentration,cargo dependence on export commodities and underutilization of the network.Situating Brazil within the broader international debate on railway reforms,the paper evaluates whether the ongoing early renewal of concessions can deliver a more diversified and competitive freight system.Design/methodology/approach-The study adopts a sequential mixed-methods research design that integrates longitudinal quantitative analysis with qualitative institutional and policy evaluation.The quantitative component examines time-series indicators published by ANTT,DNIT and INFRA S.A.from 1999 to 2023 to identify structural patterns in traffic growth,investment,safety and market concentration.The qualitative component employs a process-tracing logic to reconstruct the evolution of concession renewals and the implementation of Railway Law 14.273/2021,drawing on concepts from regulatory economics,institutional theory and industrial organization.These empirical streams are synthesized through an analytical framework that connects three dimensions-regulatory design,market structure and system performance-allowing for a systematic assessment of how Brazil’s institutional configuration shapes incentives,competitive dynamics and network utilization.Findings-The analysis confirms that the early renewal of concessions has successfully secured substantial private investment for capacity expansion on existing trunk lines.However,it has perpetuated the vertically integrated model,reinforcing the market power of incumbent operators and failing to significantly promote intramodal competition or cargo diversification.The system remains dominated by iron ore and agricultural commodities,with general cargo representing a minuscule share.The new authorization regime and short-line railway policies present a viable pathway for market opening but face significant operational and institutional barriers to implementation.Originality/value-This research offers a timely and critical assessment of a pivotal moment in Brazilian railway policy.It moves beyond a simplistic evaluation of volume growth to a structural analysis of market failures and the interplay between concession renewal and regulatory innovation.The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers in Brazil and other emerging economies seeking to balance private investment with public interest goals in railway infrastructure,highlighting the necessity of complementary,pro-competitive measures alongside financial investment.
文摘Preferential policies,efficient government,and a favorable geographical location...a multitude of factors make the Hainan FTP a promising land for businesses.SOON after the Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)launched special customs operations at the end of 2025,private enterprises operating at its Yangpu Port began to benefit substantially from the favorable policies and surging growth momentum in the region.While riding on an ocean of opportunities opened by the FTP,local businesses are bringing the island to a new level of prosperity,and thriving together with it as a community of shared future.
文摘China has lower proportion of privately owned cars. A car is yet a necessity for urban families; but it is gaining pace periodically, leading the upgrading campaign of urban residents consumption.
基金supported By Grant (PLN2022-14) of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University)。
文摘Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of these data has not been well stored,managed and mined.With the development of cloud computing technology,it provides a rare development opportunity for logging big data private cloud.The traditional petrophysical evaluation and interpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.The solution research of logging big data distributed storage,processing and learning functions integrated in logging big data private cloud has not been carried out yet.To establish a distributed logging big-data private cloud platform centered on a unifi ed learning model,which achieves the distributed storage and processing of logging big data and facilitates the learning of novel knowledge patterns via the unifi ed logging learning model integrating physical simulation and data models in a large-scale functional space,thus resolving the geo-engineering evaluation problem of geothermal fi elds.Based on the research idea of“logging big data cloud platform-unifi ed logging learning model-large function space-knowledge learning&discovery-application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,data storage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storage and processing of data and learning algorithms.The feasibility of constructing a well logging big data cloud platform based on a unifi ed learning model of physics and data is analyzed in terms of the structure,ecology,management and security of the cloud platform.The case study shows that the logging big data cloud platform has obvious technical advantages over traditional logging evaluation methods in terms of knowledge discovery method,data software and results sharing,accuracy,speed and complexity.
文摘Background:The Indian healthcare sector has undergone significant transformations due to private equity(PE)investments.The influx of capital has facilitated the expansion of infrastructure and improvement in services,particularly in urban and semi-urban areas.However,this transformation raises critical concerns regarding equity in healthcare access,rising health costs,and the potential commercialization of healthcare services.Methods:Employing a critical political economy approach,this study examines the effects of PE investments in Indian healthcare.It integrates theories from Antonio Gramsci,David Harvey and Nancy Fraser to analyze the implications of these investments.The research draws on secondary data from industry reports,government statistics and academic literature to assess the trends,impacts and policy responses related to PE in healthcare.Results:PE investments have led to increased privatization,rising healthcare costs and a focus on profit-driven models.Despite expanding infrastructure,access to quality healthcare remains inequitable,particularly for marginalized and rural populations.The analysis highlights the tension between capital accumulation and public health needs,showing how PE investments prioritize profitability over equity.The commodification of healthcare reflects broader neoliberal policies that undermine public health objectives and exacerbate inequalities.Conclusion:While PE investments drive innovation and expansion,they also pose challenges to affordability and equitable access.Policy interventions are necessary to regulate PE investments and ensure that healthcare remains accessible and equitable for all.
文摘China’s new law offers protections and incentives to private companies Business leaders in China have welcomed the enactment of the Private Sector Promotion Law,calling it a genuine confidence booster.
文摘Law is all but not known for innovation.This is also true for studies in Roman private law,which have followed a system that is imagined to derive from the 2nd century AD jurist Gaius and late antique Justinianic codification.The shaping hands of the ancient codifiers and those of the medieval,early modern and 19th century jurists on Roman private law and the related legal discourses have been identified and studied at length.However,a real shift to discover the ways in which Roman private law became formed and was practiced has not been undertaken in comprehensive manner until the publication of the Handbook of Roman Private Law which is reviewed in the following from the perspective of an ancient historian.
文摘When attending a symposium on private businesses on 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping underscored the immense opportunities within China’s private economy.He stated that the private sector enjoys broad prospects and great potential on the new journey in the new era,and that it is a prime time for private businesses and entrepreneurs to give full play to their capabilities.
文摘Chinese President Xi Jinping urges healthy,high-quality development of private sector Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,on February 17 urged efforts to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the country’s private sector.
文摘Some 20 years ago,10-yearold Wang Xingxing watched a documentary that featured a bipedal robot designed by Marc Raibert,now president of U.S.-based robot company Boston Dynamics.That moment planted the seed for his future in innovation.Today,operating in China’s private sector,Wang’s company,Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics in Zhejiang Province,is a globally recognized name in producing high-performance,general-purpose quadruped and humanoid robots.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2024YFB2906504 and 2024YFB2906500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62401067 and 62272051)the 111 Project(Grant No.B21049).
文摘Previous bidirectional quantum private comparison(BQPC)protocols cannot meet the requirements in some special application scenarios,where only one party needs to obtain the comparison results without a third party(TP),such as scenarios for authority surveys or healthcare data sharing.In addition to this,the BQPC protocol has the potential of information leakage in multiple comparisons.Therefore,we design a new unidirectional quantum private comparison(UQPC)protocol based on quantum private query(QPQ)protocols with ideal database security and zero failure probability(IDS-ZF),for the reason that they have excellent unidirectionality and security.Concretely,we design a UQPC protocol based on Wei et al.’s work[IEEE Transactions on Computers 672(2017)]and it includes an authentication process to increase the resistance to outside attacks.Moreover,we generalize the protocol and propose a general model that can transform a QPQ protocol with or without the IDS-ZF property into a secure UQPC protocol.Finally,our study shows that protocols using our model are secure,practical,and have the IDS-ZF property.
文摘Chinese-built project delivers clean water to over 450,000 people in Tanzanian capital city For years,Hassan Juma has struggled to secure clean water for his family in Dar es Salaam’s southern suburb of Bangulo.Like many in the sprawling coastal city,he has faced persistent water shortages and has been forced to rely on expensive private vendors to meet his household’s basic needs.
文摘On 17 February,Chinese President Xi Jinping called for efforts to promote the healthy and high-quality development of the country’s private sector.He made the remarks at a symposium on private enterprises,where he delivered an important speech after listening to representatives of private entrepreneurs.
文摘Trend with an increase to EUR l67 mn(compared with minus EUR122.8 mn in 2023).Liquid assets decreased by 38.2 percent compared to December 3l,2023,to a level of EUR 451.7 mn as of December 31,2024,mainly dueto the repayment of private placements and other loans and borrowings.
