Methods for horizontal well spacing calculation in tight gas reservoirs are still adversely affected by the complexity of related control factors,such as strong reservoir heterogeneity and seepage mechanisms.In this s...Methods for horizontal well spacing calculation in tight gas reservoirs are still adversely affected by the complexity of related control factors,such as strong reservoir heterogeneity and seepage mechanisms.In this study,the stress sensitivity and threshold pressure gradient of various types of reservoirs are quantitatively evaluated through reservoir seepage experiments.On the basis of these experiments,a numerical simulation model(based on the special seepage mechanism)and an inverse dynamic reserve algorithm(with different equivalent drainage areas)were developed.The well spacing ranges of Classes I,II,and III wells in the Q gas field are determined to be 802–1,000,600–662,and 285–400 m,respectively,with their average ranges as 901,631,and 342.5 m,respectively.By considering both the pairs of parallel well groups and series well groups as examples,the reliability of the calculation results is verified.It is shown that the combination of the two models can reduce errors and provide accurate results.展开更多
This article aims to combine the connotation of Tianfu culture with primary school problem-based learning based on Sichuan Tianfu culture,producing problem-based curriculum as the output.We explore problem-based curri...This article aims to combine the connotation of Tianfu culture with primary school problem-based learning based on Sichuan Tianfu culture,producing problem-based curriculum as the output.We explore problem-based curriculum development and practical methods based on primary education.It shows the distinctive and charming regional culture,representing the mutual respect and inclusiveness of Tianfu cultural bonds.It is also the innovative expression of the characteristic schoolbased curriculum of the elementary school.展开更多
The developing olfactory system - merging of the periph- eral and central nervous systems： The olfactory system is responsible for the sense of smell and is comprised of a complex topographic map that regenerates thr...The developing olfactory system - merging of the periph- eral and central nervous systems： The olfactory system is responsible for the sense of smell and is comprised of a complex topographic map that regenerates throughout life. In rodents each olfactory sensory neuron expresses one of N 1,300 odorant receptors with the neurons being distributed mosaically within the epithelium. The axons of the sensory neurons do not maintain near-neighbour relationships and instead project to disparate topographic targets in the olfac- tory bulb within the central nervous system. The develop- ment of the targets relies on the intermingling of the sensory axons with the interneurons, glia and second order neurons of the olfactory bulb. Thus the formation of the olfactory system involves the coordinated integration of the axons of the peripheral olfactory sensory neurons with the cells of the olfactory bulb.展开更多
Against the backdrop of building a"Big Ideological and Political Course"system,Hainan has drawn upon its rich cultural resources-including red culture,Li and Miao ethnic cultures,maritime culture,and immigra...Against the backdrop of building a"Big Ideological and Political Course"system,Hainan has drawn upon its rich cultural resources-including red culture,Li and Miao ethnic cultures,maritime culture,and immigrant culture-to explore innovative pathways for integrating ideological and political education across primary,secondary,and higher education.This endeavor holds significant theoretical and practical value.By examining the educational value of Hainan's distinctive culture and considering current practices in unified ideological and political course development,this paper constructs an implementation pathway from the dimensions of cultural resource transformation,cross-level curriculum alignment,pedagogical innovation,and collaborative teacher training.The aim is to establish a unified ideological and political education system with recognizable Hainan characteristics,providing a practical reference for cultivating a new generation rooted in Hainan,imbued with patriotism,and possessing a strong sense of local cultural identity.展开更多
Root architecture is one of the most important agronomic traits that determines rice crop yield. The primary root(PR) absorbs mineral nutrients and provides mechanical support;however, the molecular mechanisms of PR e...Root architecture is one of the most important agronomic traits that determines rice crop yield. The primary root(PR) absorbs mineral nutrients and provides mechanical support;however, the molecular mechanisms of PR elongation remain unclear in rice. Here, the two loss-of-function T-DNA insertion mutants of root length regulator 4(Os RLR4), osrlr4-1 and osrlr4-2 with longer PR, and three Os RLR4 overexpression lines, OE-Os RLR4-1/-2/-3 with shorter PR compared to the wild type/Hwayoung(WT/HY), were identified. Os RLR4 isone of five members of the PRAF subfamily of the regulator chromosome condensation1(RCC1) family. Phylogenetic analysis of Os RLR4 from wild and cultivated rice indicated that it is under selective sweeps, suggesting its potential role in domestication. Os RLR4 controls PR development by regulating auxin accumulation in the PR tip and thus the root apical meristem activity. A series of biochemical and genetic analyses demonstrated that Os RLR4 functions directly upstream of the auxin transporter Os AUX1. Moreover, Os RLR4 interacts with the TRITHORAX-like protein Os Trx1 to promote H3 K4 me3 deposition at the Os AUX1 promoter, thus altering its transcription level. This work provides insight into the cooperation of auxin and epigenetic modifications in regulating root architecture and provides a genetic resource for plant architecture breeding.展开更多
Root meristem activity is essential for root morphogenesis and adaptation,but the molecular mechanism regulating root meristem activity is not fully understood.Here,we identify an F-box family E3 ubiquitin ligase name...Root meristem activity is essential for root morphogenesis and adaptation,but the molecular mechanism regulating root meristem activity is not fully understood.Here,we identify an F-box family E3 ubiquitin ligase named SHORT PRIMARY ROOT(SHPR) that regulates primary root(PR)meristem activity and cell proliferation in rice.SHPR loss-of-function mutations impair PR elongation in rice.SHPR is involved in the formation of an SCF complex with the Oryza sativa SKP1-like protein OSK1/20.We show that SHPR interacts with Oryza sativa SEUSS-LIKE(OsSLK) in the nucleus and is required for OsSLK polyubiquitination and degradation by the ubiquitin 26S-proteasome system(UPS).Transgenic plants overexpressing OsSLK display a shorter PR phenotype,which is similar to the SHPR loss-of-function mutants.Genetic analysis suggests that SHPR promotes PR elongation in an OsSLK-dependent manner.Collectively,our study establishes SHPR as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets OsSLK for degradation,and uncovers a protein ubiquitination pathway as a mechanism for modulating root meristem activity in rice.展开更多
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia(CLL)has one of the strongest familial risks of all cancers,as evidenced by the eight-fold increased risk seen in relatives of CLL patients,yet much of the heritable risk remains unexplain...Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia(CLL)has one of the strongest familial risks of all cancers,as evidenced by the eight-fold increased risk seen in relatives of CLL patients,yet much of the heritable risk remains unexplained[1].Patients with CLL also have a high rate of secondary cancer,i.e.,the development of second primary malignancy,compared to the general population,which may be explained by immune dysregulation due to CLL and/or its treatment,but also by environmental and genetic risk factors[2].The development of second cancer in patients with CLL contributes to higher morbidity in these patients[2].As the population of long-term CLL survivors expands due to novel agents used in therapy,the identification of patients with risk of developing the second cancer may help to improve longevity of CLL patients.展开更多
基金the Major Science and Technology Project of Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company(2022ZD01-02).
文摘Methods for horizontal well spacing calculation in tight gas reservoirs are still adversely affected by the complexity of related control factors,such as strong reservoir heterogeneity and seepage mechanisms.In this study,the stress sensitivity and threshold pressure gradient of various types of reservoirs are quantitatively evaluated through reservoir seepage experiments.On the basis of these experiments,a numerical simulation model(based on the special seepage mechanism)and an inverse dynamic reserve algorithm(with different equivalent drainage areas)were developed.The well spacing ranges of Classes I,II,and III wells in the Q gas field are determined to be 802–1,000,600–662,and 285–400 m,respectively,with their average ranges as 901,631,and 342.5 m,respectively.By considering both the pairs of parallel well groups and series well groups as examples,the reliability of the calculation results is verified.It is shown that the combination of the two models can reduce errors and provide accurate results.
文摘This article aims to combine the connotation of Tianfu culture with primary school problem-based learning based on Sichuan Tianfu culture,producing problem-based curriculum as the output.We explore problem-based curriculum development and practical methods based on primary education.It shows the distinctive and charming regional culture,representing the mutual respect and inclusiveness of Tianfu cultural bonds.It is also the innovative expression of the characteristic schoolbased curriculum of the elementary school.
基金supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award to D.A
文摘The developing olfactory system - merging of the periph- eral and central nervous systems： The olfactory system is responsible for the sense of smell and is comprised of a complex topographic map that regenerates throughout life. In rodents each olfactory sensory neuron expresses one of N 1,300 odorant receptors with the neurons being distributed mosaically within the epithelium. The axons of the sensory neurons do not maintain near-neighbour relationships and instead project to disparate topographic targets in the olfac- tory bulb within the central nervous system. The develop- ment of the targets relies on the intermingling of the sensory axons with the interneurons, glia and second order neurons of the olfactory bulb. Thus the formation of the olfactory system involves the coordinated integration of the axons of the peripheral olfactory sensory neurons with the cells of the olfactory bulb.
文摘Against the backdrop of building a"Big Ideological and Political Course"system,Hainan has drawn upon its rich cultural resources-including red culture,Li and Miao ethnic cultures,maritime culture,and immigrant culture-to explore innovative pathways for integrating ideological and political education across primary,secondary,and higher education.This endeavor holds significant theoretical and practical value.By examining the educational value of Hainan's distinctive culture and considering current practices in unified ideological and political course development,this paper constructs an implementation pathway from the dimensions of cultural resource transformation,cross-level curriculum alignment,pedagogical innovation,and collaborative teacher training.The aim is to establish a unified ideological and political education system with recognizable Hainan characteristics,providing a practical reference for cultivating a new generation rooted in Hainan,imbued with patriotism,and possessing a strong sense of local cultural identity.
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060451)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LZ19C020001)+2 种基金Inner Mongolia Applied Technology Research and Development Foundation to Y.H.Q.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801064)to D.M.L.grants from the Swiss National Funds(31003A-165877/1)to M.G.
文摘Root architecture is one of the most important agronomic traits that determines rice crop yield. The primary root(PR) absorbs mineral nutrients and provides mechanical support;however, the molecular mechanisms of PR elongation remain unclear in rice. Here, the two loss-of-function T-DNA insertion mutants of root length regulator 4(Os RLR4), osrlr4-1 and osrlr4-2 with longer PR, and three Os RLR4 overexpression lines, OE-Os RLR4-1/-2/-3 with shorter PR compared to the wild type/Hwayoung(WT/HY), were identified. Os RLR4 isone of five members of the PRAF subfamily of the regulator chromosome condensation1(RCC1) family. Phylogenetic analysis of Os RLR4 from wild and cultivated rice indicated that it is under selective sweeps, suggesting its potential role in domestication. Os RLR4 controls PR development by regulating auxin accumulation in the PR tip and thus the root apical meristem activity. A series of biochemical and genetic analyses demonstrated that Os RLR4 functions directly upstream of the auxin transporter Os AUX1. Moreover, Os RLR4 interacts with the TRITHORAX-like protein Os Trx1 to promote H3 K4 me3 deposition at the Os AUX1 promoter, thus altering its transcription level. This work provides insight into the cooperation of auxin and epigenetic modifications in regulating root architecture and provides a genetic resource for plant architecture breeding.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671516 and 31970806)。
文摘Root meristem activity is essential for root morphogenesis and adaptation,but the molecular mechanism regulating root meristem activity is not fully understood.Here,we identify an F-box family E3 ubiquitin ligase named SHORT PRIMARY ROOT(SHPR) that regulates primary root(PR)meristem activity and cell proliferation in rice.SHPR loss-of-function mutations impair PR elongation in rice.SHPR is involved in the formation of an SCF complex with the Oryza sativa SKP1-like protein OSK1/20.We show that SHPR interacts with Oryza sativa SEUSS-LIKE(OsSLK) in the nucleus and is required for OsSLK polyubiquitination and degradation by the ubiquitin 26S-proteasome system(UPS).Transgenic plants overexpressing OsSLK display a shorter PR phenotype,which is similar to the SHPR loss-of-function mutants.Genetic analysis suggests that SHPR promotes PR elongation in an OsSLK-dependent manner.Collectively,our study establishes SHPR as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets OsSLK for degradation,and uncovers a protein ubiquitination pathway as a mechanism for modulating root meristem activity in rice.
基金supported by the project JG_2024_035 implemented within the PalackýUniversity Young Researcher Grantby the Internal grant agency of Palacky University(IGA_LF_2025_014)in part by Ministry of Health of Czech Republic(MH CZ-DRO(FNOL,00098892)).
文摘Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia(CLL)has one of the strongest familial risks of all cancers,as evidenced by the eight-fold increased risk seen in relatives of CLL patients,yet much of the heritable risk remains unexplained[1].Patients with CLL also have a high rate of secondary cancer,i.e.,the development of second primary malignancy,compared to the general population,which may be explained by immune dysregulation due to CLL and/or its treatment,but also by environmental and genetic risk factors[2].The development of second cancer in patients with CLL contributes to higher morbidity in these patients[2].As the population of long-term CLL survivors expands due to novel agents used in therapy,the identification of patients with risk of developing the second cancer may help to improve longevity of CLL patients.
