Jiang Yaoping, Vice Minister of MII (Ministry of Information Industry), has introduced six major preparations and measures of China information industry to meet challenges of China's entry into WTO at the c... Jiang Yaoping, Vice Minister of MII (Ministry of Information Industry), has introduced six major preparations and measures of China information industry to meet challenges of China's entry into WTO at the conference "Opportuuities and Challenges of the Information Industry" on 5th Anniversary of China's entry into WTO on 11th Dec, 2006, which are stated as follows:……展开更多
Platinum group metals have high melting points,strong corrosion resistance,stable chemical properties,and low oxygen permeability in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments.As thermal protective coating materi...Platinum group metals have high melting points,strong corrosion resistance,stable chemical properties,and low oxygen permeability in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments.As thermal protective coating materials,they have gained essential applications in the aerospace field and have excellent prospects for application in frontier military fields,such as protecting hot-end components of hypersonic aircraft.This research reviewed the latest research progress of platinum group metal coatings with hightemperature oxidation resistance,including coating preparation techniques,oxidation failure,and alloying modification.The leading preparation techniques of current platinum group metal coatings were discussed,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various existing preparation techniques.Besides,the intrinsic properties,failure forms,and failure mechanisms of coatings of single platinum group metal in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments were analyzed.On this basis,the necessity,main methods,and main achievements of alloying modification of platinum group metals were summarized.Finally,the future development of platinum group coatings with high-temperature oxidation resistance was discussed and prospected.展开更多
国际实践指南注册与透明化平台(Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy,PREPARE)于2014年由中国学者联合国内外专家共同创建,由设立于兰州大学的世界卫生组织指南实施与知识转化合作中心负责管理和运营。作为全球首个指南...国际实践指南注册与透明化平台(Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy,PREPARE)于2014年由中国学者联合国内外专家共同创建,由设立于兰州大学的世界卫生组织指南实施与知识转化合作中心负责管理和运营。作为全球首个指南注册平台,PREPARE致力于提升临床实践指南和专家共识的科学性、透明度和应用价值,现阶段支持用户进行中英文双语注册,注册范围涵盖标准版指南、快速建议指南、患者版本指南、中医药指南、专家共识等多种类型。展开更多
This study systematically conducted preparation optimization and performance investigations on Co-modified Ce/TiO_(2) catalysts,with a focus on examining how preparation methods and Co loading regulate the catalyst’s...This study systematically conducted preparation optimization and performance investigations on Co-modified Ce/TiO_(2) catalysts,with a focus on examining how preparation methods and Co loading regulate the catalyst’s low-temperature denitrification activity.After identifying optimal preparation parameters via condition screening,multiple characterization techniques-including BET,XRD,XPS,H_(2)-TPR and in situ DRIFTS-were employed to deeply analyze the catalyst’s physicochemical properties and reaction mechanism.Results demonstrated that compared to the impregnation and co-precipitation methods,the Ce-Co_(0.025)/TiO_(2)-SG catalyst(prepared by the sol-gel method with a Co/Ti mass ratio of 0.025)exhibited significantly superior denitrification activity:NO conversion remained stably above 95%in the 225−350℃ temperature range,and it displayed high N_(2) selectivity.Characterization analysis revealed that abundant surface oxygen vacancies,a high proportion of Ce^(3+) species,and prominent acidic sites collectively contributed to enhancing its low-temperature denitrification performance.This work provides reference value for the development of highly efficient low-temperature denitrification catalysts.展开更多
Graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks demonstrate extensive application potential in military equipment thermal management,high-power electronic packaging,new energy vehicles,and 5G communication systems,due to t...Graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks demonstrate extensive application potential in military equipment thermal management,high-power electronic packaging,new energy vehicles,and 5G communication systems,due to their outstanding properties,including high thermal conductivity,tunable thermal expansion coefficients,excellent mechanical strength,and low density.However,the industrial-scale application of these composites faces critical challenges during the fabrication of components with complex structures,such as inhomogeneous dispersion of graphene within the copper matrix and poor interfacial bonding between the two phases,which substantially undermine the overall performance of graphene/copper-based composites.To address these issues,the preparation methods for graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks were reviewed.For each method,a rigorous analysis was presented to clarify its inherent advantages and unavoidable restrictions.Furthermore,the latest research progress in addressing three core scientific challenges was synthesized,including uniform dispersion of graphene,interfacial optimization mechanisms,and molecular dynamics simulations for elucidating the structure-property relationships.Finally,the future development directions of graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks in engineering applications were prospected.展开更多
To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt b...To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.展开更多
Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and st...Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and standardized discharge preparation intervention programs in clinical practice.Methods:Following the“5S”evidence model,literature such as guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and randomized controlled trials related to discharge preparation services for total knee arthroplasty patients were retrieved from relevant websites and databases,both domestic and international,from database inception to August 31,2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature,conducted quality appraisals,and extracted and synthesized the evidence.Results:A total of 15 articles were included,comprising 3 guidelines,4 expert consensuses,3 evidence summaries,3 systematic reviews and 2 randomized controlled trials.Ultimately,23 pieces of evidence were summarized across five aspects.Conclusion:This study synthesizes the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.It is recommended that healthcare professionals apply this evidence in clinical practice,considering specific circumstances and patient needs.展开更多
Titanium exhibits outstanding properties,particularly,high specific strength and resistance to both high and low temperatures,earning it a reputation as the metal of the future.However,because of the highly reactive n...Titanium exhibits outstanding properties,particularly,high specific strength and resistance to both high and low temperatures,earning it a reputation as the metal of the future.However,because of the highly reactive nature of titanium,metallic titanium production involves extensive procedures and high costs.Considering its advantages and limitations,the European Union has classified titanium metal as a critical raw material(CRM)of low category.The Kroll process is predominantly used to produce titanium;however,molten salt electrolysis(MSE)is currently being explored for producing metallic titanium at a low cost.Since 2000,electrolytic titanium production has undergone a wave of technological advancements.However,because of the intermediate and disproportionation reactions in the electrolytic titanium production process,the process efficiency and titanium purity according to industrial standards could not be achieved.Consequently,metallic titanium production has gradually diversified into employing technologies such as thermal reduction,MSE,and titanium alloy preparation.This study provides a comprehensive review of research advances in titanium metal preparation technologies over the past two decades,highlighting the challenges faced by the existing methods and proposing potential solutions.It offers useful insights into the development of low-cost titanium preparation technologies.展开更多
Hubei Province is making efforts to make school children in ethnic areas better understand their culture wang Sirui,8,is a grade-3 pupil at the Ethnic Primary School of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (shor...Hubei Province is making efforts to make school children in ethnic areas better understand their culture wang Sirui,8,is a grade-3 pupil at the Ethnic Primary School of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (shortened as Enshi Prefecture (shortened as Enshi Prefecture), central China’s Hubei Province. Although from the Tujia ethnic group, the little girl knew little about the Tujia culture before she came to study in the school in 2008.展开更多
Wang Shuhe,deputy director of State Administration of Coal Mine Safety(SACMS),remarked on December 12th that SACMS is preparing to promul-gate a standard for the
驾驶舱互联应用是指其通过技术手段,实现航班驾驶舱内部设备之间、设备数据与网络之间相互连通的应用。为普及驾驶舱互联应用在国内航班的运用,在地面搭建一个基于半实物仿真技术的平台是开展驾驶舱互联应用可行性验证的高效低成本方式...驾驶舱互联应用是指其通过技术手段,实现航班驾驶舱内部设备之间、设备数据与网络之间相互连通的应用。为普及驾驶舱互联应用在国内航班的运用,在地面搭建一个基于半实物仿真技术的平台是开展驾驶舱互联应用可行性验证的高效低成本方式。平台由仿真计算机、航空数据总线板卡和航电设备模块三部分组成,仿真计算机通过模拟飞行软件Prepar3D生成数据源,板卡将数据源转为ARINC 429等总线信号并驱动航电设备模块,航电设备模块由真实航电设备构成,可以仿真驾驶舱互联应用的过程。经测试,平台实现了在地面上对无线快速存取记录器参数网络传输、ACARS over IP等驾驶舱互联应用的仿真验证,提高了仿真的置信性。展开更多
The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can i...The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut microbiota.Bowel preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel disease.However,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse effects.We focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a major global health challenge,which causes significant illness and death worldwide.These include a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels,including coro-nary artery...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a major global health challenge,which causes significant illness and death worldwide.These include a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels,including coro-nary artery disease,stroke,peripheral artery disease,and heart failure.Despite advances in medicine and healthcare delivery,CVD continues to have a serious impact on individuals,families,and the healthcare system.This review begins by delineating the merits and demerits of commonly employed synthetic and natural materials for artificial blood vessels.It delves into various techniques commonly employed in the fabrication of artificial blood vessels,encompassing advanced textile technologies,electrospinning,ther-mally induced phase separation,and 3D printing.The review critically analyzes the attributes of different preparation methodologies alongside the latest advancements in research.The review also outlines the requisite performance requirements for artificial blood vessels,which encompass robust mechanical prop-erties,appropriate porosity,exceptional compatibility,and antibacterial attributes.It provides a succinct overview of ongoing effort s in vascular functionalization,particularly emphasizing thrombus mitigation,promotion of endothelialization,and enhancement of nitric oxide production.The review finally encap-sulates the primary challenges confronting vascular grafts and prospective avenues for future research.展开更多
To effectively regulate the grain boundary infiltration in CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(Cantor alloys,HEA)caused by the violent atomic interdiffusion,the higher configuration entropy on Cantor alloys surface was desi...To effectively regulate the grain boundary infiltration in CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(Cantor alloys,HEA)caused by the violent atomic interdiffusion,the higher configuration entropy on Cantor alloys surface was designed and realized via eutectic high-entropy(EHEA)transformation.Meanwhile,to effectively alleviate the residual stress caused by the notable difference in the thermal expansion coefficient(CTE)between Cantor alloys and Zr-3 alloys,a cladding layer was applied to the HEA surface using laser cladding technology of Nb,followed by brazing to Zr-3 alloys with Zr63.2Cu filler.The cladding layer’s microstructure comprised Nbss and FCC+(Co,Ni)_(2) Nb eutectic structure,resulting from an in-situ reaction between Cantor alloys and Nb.The Nbss and FCC demonstrated good plasticity,and the(Co,Ni)_(2) Nb Laves phase provided increased strength,endowing both good plastic deformation ability and strength of the cladding layer.Notably,the existence of EHEA in the laser cladding layer made the Cantor alloy entropy from 1.61 R to 1.77 R,greatly enhancing its thermal stability and suppressing the grave grain boundary infiltration.Joints produced via laser cladding with Nb-assisted brazing exhibited a complex microstructure(HEA/Nbss+FCC+(Co,Ni)_(2)Nb/(Zr,Nb)(Cr,Mn)_(2)+(Zr,Nb)ss/(Zr,Nb)_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)+(Zr,Nb)(Cr,Mn)_(2)+(Zr,Nb)ss/Zr-3) and a significantly improved shear strength of 242.8 MPa at 1010℃ for 10 min,42.4%higher than that of directly brazed joints.This improvement was attributed to reduced grain boundary infiltration,alleviated residual stress due to CTE disparity,and eliminated micro-cracks in the brazing seam.This study presents an effective solution for reducing residual stresses and achieving reliable bonding between Cantor alloys and Zr-3 alloys,with potential applications in brazing CoCrFeNi-based HEA and Zr-3 due to the beneficial eutectic reaction between CoCrFeNi and Nb.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complicatio...BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complications.AIM To investigate the current state of inadequate bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy,identify the contributing factors,and develop interventions.METHODS This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study.A convenience sampling method was used to select 484 patients who underwent colonoscopy at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,from October 2023 to October 2024.General patient data,disease-related variables,and the Boston bowel preparation scale were collected.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation.RESULTS Among the 484 patients,the rate of inadequate bowel preparation was 25.8%(125/484).Influential factors for poor bowel preparation included history of colorectal surgery[odds ratio(OR)=5.814],low-residue diet 1 day prior(OR=0.145),time interval from last dose to start of examination(OR=1.447),total exercise time after medication(OR=0.992),and total number of bowel movements after medication(OR=0.900)(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study highlights several modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing bowel preparation,such as surgical history and behavioral adherence.The findings support implementing dietary adjustments,optimized laxative timing,physical activity guidance,and tailored strategies for high-risk patients to improve bowel cleansing and enhance the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been used for centuries to treat and manage various diseases.However,their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility,low b...Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been used for centuries to treat and manage various diseases.However,their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility,low bio-availability,and potential toxicity.Nanocarriers,such as liposomes,polymeric nanoparticles,inorganic nanoparticles,and organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on active constituents from TCMs have been extensively studied as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of active constituents from TCMs to achieve a higher therapeutic effect with fewer side effects compared to conventional formulations.This article summarizes the recent progress in nanocarrier-based delivery systems.Nanotechnology can broaden the scope of applications of traditional Chinese medicine.The concept of nano-traditional Chinese medicine(nano-TCM)is introduced,and the progress of nanomedicine,the advantages,and the development direction of nano-TCM are reviewed,providing new ideas for the development of nano-TCM.展开更多
Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,envir...Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.展开更多
Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and ...Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental safety.Neoteric solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic solvents.In the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low cost.In this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically described.Subsequently,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively summarized.Finally,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research area.In conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.展开更多
文摘 Jiang Yaoping, Vice Minister of MII (Ministry of Information Industry), has introduced six major preparations and measures of China information industry to meet challenges of China's entry into WTO at the conference "Opportuuities and Challenges of the Information Industry" on 5th Anniversary of China's entry into WTO on 11th Dec, 2006, which are stated as follows:……
文摘Platinum group metals have high melting points,strong corrosion resistance,stable chemical properties,and low oxygen permeability in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments.As thermal protective coating materials,they have gained essential applications in the aerospace field and have excellent prospects for application in frontier military fields,such as protecting hot-end components of hypersonic aircraft.This research reviewed the latest research progress of platinum group metal coatings with hightemperature oxidation resistance,including coating preparation techniques,oxidation failure,and alloying modification.The leading preparation techniques of current platinum group metal coatings were discussed,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various existing preparation techniques.Besides,the intrinsic properties,failure forms,and failure mechanisms of coatings of single platinum group metal in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments were analyzed.On this basis,the necessity,main methods,and main achievements of alloying modification of platinum group metals were summarized.Finally,the future development of platinum group coatings with high-temperature oxidation resistance was discussed and prospected.
文摘国际实践指南注册与透明化平台(Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy,PREPARE)于2014年由中国学者联合国内外专家共同创建,由设立于兰州大学的世界卫生组织指南实施与知识转化合作中心负责管理和运营。作为全球首个指南注册平台,PREPARE致力于提升临床实践指南和专家共识的科学性、透明度和应用价值,现阶段支持用户进行中英文双语注册,注册范围涵盖标准版指南、快速建议指南、患者版本指南、中医药指南、专家共识等多种类型。
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFB4102903)。
文摘This study systematically conducted preparation optimization and performance investigations on Co-modified Ce/TiO_(2) catalysts,with a focus on examining how preparation methods and Co loading regulate the catalyst’s low-temperature denitrification activity.After identifying optimal preparation parameters via condition screening,multiple characterization techniques-including BET,XRD,XPS,H_(2)-TPR and in situ DRIFTS-were employed to deeply analyze the catalyst’s physicochemical properties and reaction mechanism.Results demonstrated that compared to the impregnation and co-precipitation methods,the Ce-Co_(0.025)/TiO_(2)-SG catalyst(prepared by the sol-gel method with a Co/Ti mass ratio of 0.025)exhibited significantly superior denitrification activity:NO conversion remained stably above 95%in the 225−350℃ temperature range,and it displayed high N_(2) selectivity.Characterization analysis revealed that abundant surface oxygen vacancies,a high proportion of Ce^(3+) species,and prominent acidic sites collectively contributed to enhancing its low-temperature denitrification performance.This work provides reference value for the development of highly efficient low-temperature denitrification catalysts.
基金Research Start-Up Fund Project of Anhui Polytechnic University(S022023017)University Research Project of Anhui Province(2023AH050937)+1 种基金Anhui Polytechnic University Research Foundation for Introducing Talents(2022YQQ003)Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle Chassis by Wire。
文摘Graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks demonstrate extensive application potential in military equipment thermal management,high-power electronic packaging,new energy vehicles,and 5G communication systems,due to their outstanding properties,including high thermal conductivity,tunable thermal expansion coefficients,excellent mechanical strength,and low density.However,the industrial-scale application of these composites faces critical challenges during the fabrication of components with complex structures,such as inhomogeneous dispersion of graphene within the copper matrix and poor interfacial bonding between the two phases,which substantially undermine the overall performance of graphene/copper-based composites.To address these issues,the preparation methods for graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks were reviewed.For each method,a rigorous analysis was presented to clarify its inherent advantages and unavoidable restrictions.Furthermore,the latest research progress in addressing three core scientific challenges was synthesized,including uniform dispersion of graphene,interfacial optimization mechanisms,and molecular dynamics simulations for elucidating the structure-property relationships.Finally,the future development directions of graphene/copper-based composite heat sinks in engineering applications were prospected.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278446)。
文摘To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.
文摘Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and standardized discharge preparation intervention programs in clinical practice.Methods:Following the“5S”evidence model,literature such as guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and randomized controlled trials related to discharge preparation services for total knee arthroplasty patients were retrieved from relevant websites and databases,both domestic and international,from database inception to August 31,2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature,conducted quality appraisals,and extracted and synthesized the evidence.Results:A total of 15 articles were included,comprising 3 guidelines,4 expert consensuses,3 evidence summaries,3 systematic reviews and 2 randomized controlled trials.Ultimately,23 pieces of evidence were summarized across five aspects.Conclusion:This study synthesizes the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.It is recommended that healthcare professionals apply this evidence in clinical practice,considering specific circumstances and patient needs.
基金financial support from the Yunnan Province Key Industries Science and Technology Special Project for Colleges and UniversitiesChina(No.FWCY-QYCT2024006)+6 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104351 and 52364051)Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province,China(No.202202AG050007)the Yunnan Fundamental Research ProjectsChina(No.202401AT070314)the Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2023CXGC010903)Central Guidance Local Scientific and Technological Development Funds,China(No.202407AB110022)Yunnan Province Xingdian Talent Support Plan Project,China。
文摘Titanium exhibits outstanding properties,particularly,high specific strength and resistance to both high and low temperatures,earning it a reputation as the metal of the future.However,because of the highly reactive nature of titanium,metallic titanium production involves extensive procedures and high costs.Considering its advantages and limitations,the European Union has classified titanium metal as a critical raw material(CRM)of low category.The Kroll process is predominantly used to produce titanium;however,molten salt electrolysis(MSE)is currently being explored for producing metallic titanium at a low cost.Since 2000,electrolytic titanium production has undergone a wave of technological advancements.However,because of the intermediate and disproportionation reactions in the electrolytic titanium production process,the process efficiency and titanium purity according to industrial standards could not be achieved.Consequently,metallic titanium production has gradually diversified into employing technologies such as thermal reduction,MSE,and titanium alloy preparation.This study provides a comprehensive review of research advances in titanium metal preparation technologies over the past two decades,highlighting the challenges faced by the existing methods and proposing potential solutions.It offers useful insights into the development of low-cost titanium preparation technologies.
文摘Hubei Province is making efforts to make school children in ethnic areas better understand their culture wang Sirui,8,is a grade-3 pupil at the Ethnic Primary School of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (shortened as Enshi Prefecture (shortened as Enshi Prefecture), central China’s Hubei Province. Although from the Tujia ethnic group, the little girl knew little about the Tujia culture before she came to study in the school in 2008.
文摘Wang Shuhe,deputy director of State Administration of Coal Mine Safety(SACMS),remarked on December 12th that SACMS is preparing to promul-gate a standard for the
文摘驾驶舱互联应用是指其通过技术手段,实现航班驾驶舱内部设备之间、设备数据与网络之间相互连通的应用。为普及驾驶舱互联应用在国内航班的运用,在地面搭建一个基于半实物仿真技术的平台是开展驾驶舱互联应用可行性验证的高效低成本方式。平台由仿真计算机、航空数据总线板卡和航电设备模块三部分组成,仿真计算机通过模拟飞行软件Prepar3D生成数据源,板卡将数据源转为ARINC 429等总线信号并驱动航电设备模块,航电设备模块由真实航电设备构成,可以仿真驾驶舱互联应用的过程。经测试,平台实现了在地面上对无线快速存取记录器参数网络传输、ACARS over IP等驾驶舱互联应用的仿真验证,提高了仿真的置信性。
文摘The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut microbiota.Bowel preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel disease.However,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse effects.We focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82374295)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFE0111100)+1 种基金the Science and Technol-ogy Partnership Program by the Ministry of Science and Technol-ogy of China(No.KY202201002)the Jiangsu Provincial De-partment of Science and Technology(No.BZ2022017).
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a major global health challenge,which causes significant illness and death worldwide.These include a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels,including coro-nary artery disease,stroke,peripheral artery disease,and heart failure.Despite advances in medicine and healthcare delivery,CVD continues to have a serious impact on individuals,families,and the healthcare system.This review begins by delineating the merits and demerits of commonly employed synthetic and natural materials for artificial blood vessels.It delves into various techniques commonly employed in the fabrication of artificial blood vessels,encompassing advanced textile technologies,electrospinning,ther-mally induced phase separation,and 3D printing.The review critically analyzes the attributes of different preparation methodologies alongside the latest advancements in research.The review also outlines the requisite performance requirements for artificial blood vessels,which encompass robust mechanical prop-erties,appropriate porosity,exceptional compatibility,and antibacterial attributes.It provides a succinct overview of ongoing effort s in vascular functionalization,particularly emphasizing thrombus mitigation,promotion of endothelialization,and enhancement of nitric oxide production.The review finally encap-sulates the primary challenges confronting vascular grafts and prospective avenues for future research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52275321 and 52205348)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2023JQ021)+3 种基金the Taishan Scholars Foundation of Shandong Province(No.tsqn 201812128)the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Projects of Henan Province(No.204200510031)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(No.HITTY-20190013)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP)(Nos.NRF-2021R1A2C3006662 and NRF-2022R1A5A1030054).
文摘To effectively regulate the grain boundary infiltration in CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(Cantor alloys,HEA)caused by the violent atomic interdiffusion,the higher configuration entropy on Cantor alloys surface was designed and realized via eutectic high-entropy(EHEA)transformation.Meanwhile,to effectively alleviate the residual stress caused by the notable difference in the thermal expansion coefficient(CTE)between Cantor alloys and Zr-3 alloys,a cladding layer was applied to the HEA surface using laser cladding technology of Nb,followed by brazing to Zr-3 alloys with Zr63.2Cu filler.The cladding layer’s microstructure comprised Nbss and FCC+(Co,Ni)_(2) Nb eutectic structure,resulting from an in-situ reaction between Cantor alloys and Nb.The Nbss and FCC demonstrated good plasticity,and the(Co,Ni)_(2) Nb Laves phase provided increased strength,endowing both good plastic deformation ability and strength of the cladding layer.Notably,the existence of EHEA in the laser cladding layer made the Cantor alloy entropy from 1.61 R to 1.77 R,greatly enhancing its thermal stability and suppressing the grave grain boundary infiltration.Joints produced via laser cladding with Nb-assisted brazing exhibited a complex microstructure(HEA/Nbss+FCC+(Co,Ni)_(2)Nb/(Zr,Nb)(Cr,Mn)_(2)+(Zr,Nb)ss/(Zr,Nb)_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)+(Zr,Nb)(Cr,Mn)_(2)+(Zr,Nb)ss/Zr-3) and a significantly improved shear strength of 242.8 MPa at 1010℃ for 10 min,42.4%higher than that of directly brazed joints.This improvement was attributed to reduced grain boundary infiltration,alleviated residual stress due to CTE disparity,and eliminated micro-cracks in the brazing seam.This study presents an effective solution for reducing residual stresses and achieving reliable bonding between Cantor alloys and Zr-3 alloys,with potential applications in brazing CoCrFeNi-based HEA and Zr-3 due to the beneficial eutectic reaction between CoCrFeNi and Nb.
基金Supported by the Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Project.
文摘BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complications.AIM To investigate the current state of inadequate bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy,identify the contributing factors,and develop interventions.METHODS This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study.A convenience sampling method was used to select 484 patients who underwent colonoscopy at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,from October 2023 to October 2024.General patient data,disease-related variables,and the Boston bowel preparation scale were collected.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation.RESULTS Among the 484 patients,the rate of inadequate bowel preparation was 25.8%(125/484).Influential factors for poor bowel preparation included history of colorectal surgery[odds ratio(OR)=5.814],low-residue diet 1 day prior(OR=0.145),time interval from last dose to start of examination(OR=1.447),total exercise time after medication(OR=0.992),and total number of bowel movements after medication(OR=0.900)(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study highlights several modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing bowel preparation,such as surgical history and behavioral adherence.The findings support implementing dietary adjustments,optimized laxative timing,physical activity guidance,and tailored strategies for high-risk patients to improve bowel cleansing and enhance the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy.
基金supported by Young Talent Program of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Advanced Program of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University(PYJH2024210)Medical Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission(H2023050)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32301278).
文摘Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)have been used for centuries to treat and manage various diseases.However,their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility,low bio-availability,and potential toxicity.Nanocarriers,such as liposomes,polymeric nanoparticles,inorganic nanoparticles,and organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on active constituents from TCMs have been extensively studied as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of active constituents from TCMs to achieve a higher therapeutic effect with fewer side effects compared to conventional formulations.This article summarizes the recent progress in nanocarrier-based delivery systems.Nanotechnology can broaden the scope of applications of traditional Chinese medicine.The concept of nano-traditional Chinese medicine(nano-TCM)is introduced,and the progress of nanomedicine,the advantages,and the development direction of nano-TCM are reviewed,providing new ideas for the development of nano-TCM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51574105)the Science and Technology Program of Hebei Province,China(No.23564101D)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2021209147)the Key Research Project of North China University of Science and Technology(No.ZD-ST-202308)the Postgraduate Innovation Funding Project of Hebei Province,China(No.CXZZBS2024135).
文摘Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.
基金financially supported by the Original Exploration Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52150079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20130,U2004215,and 51974280)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China(No.232300421196)the Project of Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory of China(Nos.GJJSGFYQ202304,GJJSGFJQ202306,GJJSGFYQ202323,GJJSGFYQ202308,and GJJSGFYQ202307)。
文摘Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental safety.Neoteric solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic solvents.In the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low cost.In this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically described.Subsequently,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively summarized.Finally,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research area.In conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.
