Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and revers...Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). PRES and RCVS are rare but serious conditions that affect cerebral blood flow. This review discusses the pharmacology of PSE and potential risks for PRES and RCVS and concludes that considering the common use of PSE, with over 70 million packs of PSE taken each year in the European Union and the United Kingdom, and the rare occurrence of PRES and RCVS, that the risks of developing PRES/RCVS on exposure to PSE are likely to be very low.展开更多
Neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer and stage II-III HER2-positive(HER2+)or triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)1,2.It is essential to accurately m...Neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer and stage II-III HER2-positive(HER2+)or triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)1,2.It is essential to accurately mark the primary breast tumor and positive axillary lymph nodes(ALNs)prior to NAT to ensure precise surgical excision,guide axillary downstaging,and guarantee reliable lesion retrieval for pathologic evaluation3.The false-negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)after NAT can be reduced to<10%by applying modalities,such as the identification of≥3 sentinel lymph nodes(SLNs)with dual-mapping techniques or removal of the marked lymph node with target axillary dissection(TAD)according to the ASCO,NCCN,and CBCS guidelines3-5.However,there is a lack of consensus regarding the optimal methods and materials for accurate marking6,7.Conventional techniques include clip placement,guidewire localization,and carbon or ink tattooing,whereas wireless technologies,such as MagseedR,radiofrequency identification tags,SAVI SCOUTR,and radioactive iodine-125(125I)seeds,have also been adopted.Traditional marking techniques have a localization failure rate of approximately 10%.In contrast,the use of 125I seeds(with a radiation dose of 0.1-0.3 mCi)has significantly improved localization accuracy8,9.Nevertheless,owing to radioactive properties,concerns have been raised regarding the potential impact of 125I seed marking on assessing the pathologic complete response(pCR)after NAT10.Moreover,whether the influence of 125I seed marking on pCR could lead to suboptimal adjuvant treatment decisions and potentially compromise long-term oncologic outcomes has not been established.To investigate the potential impact of 125I seed placement on the pCR rate and long-term outcomes in breast cancer patients receiving NAT,we conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing propensity score matching(PSM).展开更多
目的:用T7噬菌体筛选系统筛选乙型肝炎病毒PreS1的相互作用蛋白。方法:应用T7噬菌体展示技术,以通过原核表达的方式得到的乙型肝炎病毒PreS1作为靶分子,对噬菌体人肝细胞cDNA文库进行生物筛选,对筛选到的克隆进行DNA序列分析及同源性搜...目的:用T7噬菌体筛选系统筛选乙型肝炎病毒PreS1的相互作用蛋白。方法:应用T7噬菌体展示技术,以通过原核表达的方式得到的乙型肝炎病毒PreS1作为靶分子,对噬菌体人肝细胞cDNA文库进行生物筛选,对筛选到的克隆进行DNA序列分析及同源性搜索。结果:经鉴定得到1个阳性克隆,确定了能与乙型肝炎病毒PreS1相互作用的蛋白可能为:细胞色素C氧化酶1(Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I,COX1)。结论:T7噬菌体展示筛选系统是筛选相互作用蛋白的一种简单、快速和有效的手段,筛选到的相互作用蛋白为进一步探讨PreS1的致病机制提供重要依据。展开更多
目的:本课题应用PCR和基因测序等技术,观察免疫接种后慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis Bvirus,H B V)感染者的PreS2基因变异情况,进而初步探讨乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败与P r e S2基因变异之间的相互关系;为进一步探索新的HBV抗病毒基因治疗靶...目的:本课题应用PCR和基因测序等技术,观察免疫接种后慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis Bvirus,H B V)感染者的PreS2基因变异情况,进而初步探讨乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败与P r e S2基因变异之间的相互关系;为进一步探索新的HBV抗病毒基因治疗靶点提供理论基础.方法:收集昆明市延安医院和昆明市第三人民医院免疫接种后慢性HBV感染者的血液标本共47例,从血清标本中提取HBV DNA;用PCR法扩增Pre S2基因片段;扩增后的基因片段进行DNA序列分析.扩增出PCR产物的有35例,上海生工测序最终完成测序的有32例,其中男18例,女14例,年龄19-56岁,平均年龄32.75岁±10.22岁.32份样本的HBV Pre S2基因片段测序后,以Gen Bank数据库中登录号为NC_003977.1的HBV DNA全基因序列为参照,用Chromas软件分析测序图及BLASTN对测序结果进行比对分析后,采用SPSS11.5统计软件进行统计分析.结果:32例标本中Pre S2基因全部出现点突变(100%),其中2例出现缺失突变(6.3%),提示可能存在Ile、Tyr、Phe、Gly、Arg等氨基酸的缺失,32例标本均未发现Pre S2起始密码子ATG的变异,点突变共发生517次,Pre S2基因碱基突变有11种类型:G-A、A-G、T-C、A-T、G-T、C-T、G-C、A-C、C-G、C-A、T-A.11种不同类型的点突变在突变例数率及突变次数率方面均不全相同,其中A-T的突变例数较多,G-A的突变次数较多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Pre S2基因不同部位点突变比较结果显示Pre S2基因前端、中段、末端点突变率不全相同,其中中段(nt45-99),即Pre S2基因的56-110位点突变率较高,前端突变率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:Pre S2基因变异与免疫失败可能存在相关关系,这将为今后深入研究乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败的发生机制并用于指导临床实践提供理论基础.同时,进一步确定Pre S2基因变异位点,并针对这些靶点设计相应的基因治疗方法,也可能成为今后乙型肝炎疫苗免疫研究的新方向.展开更多
文摘Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). PRES and RCVS are rare but serious conditions that affect cerebral blood flow. This review discusses the pharmacology of PSE and potential risks for PRES and RCVS and concludes that considering the common use of PSE, with over 70 million packs of PSE taken each year in the European Union and the United Kingdom, and the rare occurrence of PRES and RCVS, that the risks of developing PRES/RCVS on exposure to PSE are likely to be very low.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82573747,82172873,W2421095,and 82503888)National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2025ZD0543900)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2024LMB011 and ZR2024QH058)Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(Grant No.tsqn202211337)Collaborative Academic Innovation Project of Shandong Cancer Hospital(Grant No.GF003).
文摘Neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)has become the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer and stage II-III HER2-positive(HER2+)or triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)1,2.It is essential to accurately mark the primary breast tumor and positive axillary lymph nodes(ALNs)prior to NAT to ensure precise surgical excision,guide axillary downstaging,and guarantee reliable lesion retrieval for pathologic evaluation3.The false-negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)after NAT can be reduced to<10%by applying modalities,such as the identification of≥3 sentinel lymph nodes(SLNs)with dual-mapping techniques or removal of the marked lymph node with target axillary dissection(TAD)according to the ASCO,NCCN,and CBCS guidelines3-5.However,there is a lack of consensus regarding the optimal methods and materials for accurate marking6,7.Conventional techniques include clip placement,guidewire localization,and carbon or ink tattooing,whereas wireless technologies,such as MagseedR,radiofrequency identification tags,SAVI SCOUTR,and radioactive iodine-125(125I)seeds,have also been adopted.Traditional marking techniques have a localization failure rate of approximately 10%.In contrast,the use of 125I seeds(with a radiation dose of 0.1-0.3 mCi)has significantly improved localization accuracy8,9.Nevertheless,owing to radioactive properties,concerns have been raised regarding the potential impact of 125I seed marking on assessing the pathologic complete response(pCR)after NAT10.Moreover,whether the influence of 125I seed marking on pCR could lead to suboptimal adjuvant treatment decisions and potentially compromise long-term oncologic outcomes has not been established.To investigate the potential impact of 125I seed placement on the pCR rate and long-term outcomes in breast cancer patients receiving NAT,we conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing propensity score matching(PSM).
文摘目的:用T7噬菌体筛选系统筛选乙型肝炎病毒PreS1的相互作用蛋白。方法:应用T7噬菌体展示技术,以通过原核表达的方式得到的乙型肝炎病毒PreS1作为靶分子,对噬菌体人肝细胞cDNA文库进行生物筛选,对筛选到的克隆进行DNA序列分析及同源性搜索。结果:经鉴定得到1个阳性克隆,确定了能与乙型肝炎病毒PreS1相互作用的蛋白可能为:细胞色素C氧化酶1(Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I,COX1)。结论:T7噬菌体展示筛选系统是筛选相互作用蛋白的一种简单、快速和有效的手段,筛选到的相互作用蛋白为进一步探讨PreS1的致病机制提供重要依据。
