Based on the current situation of urbanization development in West China, this paper analyses main factors responsible for sluggish urbanization in West China as follows: impact of environment factor, impact of popula...Based on the current situation of urbanization development in West China, this paper analyses main factors responsible for sluggish urbanization in West China as follows: impact of environment factor, impact of population quality and quantity, lagging of public product service, stagnancy of technological development, backwardness of slow growth, and rigidity of system building. And then this paper analyses the restriction mechanism of urbanization in West China: at the superficial level, the constraints of urbanization in West China arise from the shortage of capital; at the profound level, the backward culture contributes to the constraints of urbanization in West China. The thread of resolving restriction mechanism of urbanization in West China is put forward from system, economy and culture. On the basis of this thread, we construct the power system for the development of urbanization in West China. The power system for urbanization in West China should be propelled by "four forces", namely, pull of external forces, cohesive strength of regional market environment, expansion power inside countryside, traction of industrial structure adjustment. Innovation is the engine of impetus for urbanization in West China; spatial clustering and modernization of industry is the major driving force for urbanization; the government behaviour, driving of foreign investment, great projects and other forces are supplementary power. Via the main power, we should take the market as medium to achieve the role of power in promoting urbanization.展开更多
A statistically significant research finding should not be defined as a P-value of 0.05 or less, because this definition does not take into account study power. Statistical significance was originally defined by Fishe...A statistically significant research finding should not be defined as a P-value of 0.05 or less, because this definition does not take into account study power. Statistical significance was originally defined by Fisher RA as a P-value of 0.05 or less. According to Fisher, any finding that is likely to occur by random variation no more than 1 in 20 times is considered significant. Neyman J and Pearson ES subsequently argued that Fisher's definition was incomplete. They proposed that statistical significance could only be determined by analyzing the chance of incorrectly considering a study finding was significant(a Type Ⅰ?error) or incorrectly considering a study finding was insignificant(a Type Ⅱ error). Their definition of statistical significance is also incomplete because the error rates are considered separately, not together. A better definition of statistical significance is the positive predictive value of a P-value, which is equal to the power divided by the sum of power and the P-value. This definition is more complete and relevant than Fisher's or Neyman-Peason's definitions, because it takes into account both concepts of statistical significance. Using this definition, a statistically significant finding requires a P-value of 0.05 or less when the power is at least 95%, and a P-value of 0.032 or less when the power is 60%. To achieve statistical significance, P-values must be adjusted downward as the study power decreases.展开更多
ON May 20,2025,eighteen descendants of British prisoners of war(POWs)rescued in the Lisbon Maru incident arrived on Dongji Island in east China’s Zhejiang Province,after a long transoceanic journey.They joined descen...ON May 20,2025,eighteen descendants of British prisoners of war(POWs)rescued in the Lisbon Maru incident arrived on Dongji Island in east China’s Zhejiang Province,after a long transoceanic journey.They joined descendants of the local fishermen who had saved their ancestors 83 years ago,gathering to witness the unveiling of a memorial erected in honor of the fishermen’s extraordinary bravery.At its center,the memorial bears the inscription:“Love knows no boundaries;Friendship transcends time.”展开更多
Remarkable achievements of the new energy industry policy framework over the past two decades Over the past two decades,the industry policy framework centered on the Renewable Energy Law has effectively facilitated th...Remarkable achievements of the new energy industry policy framework over the past two decades Over the past two decades,the industry policy framework centered on the Renewable Energy Law has effectively facilitated the leapfrog development of China’s new energy sector.During this period,policy incentives were primarily focused on promoting the rational scaling of the industry,thereby driving rapid technological upgrades and iterations.This,in turn,enabled a significant reduc-tion in the cost of new energy power generation.In this process,policy played a pivotal role in two key areas:first,by providing per-kilowatt-hour subsidies to bridge the cost gap between new energy and conventional power sources;and second,by exempting the system cost of new energy grid-connected operation through a full guaranteed purchase system.展开更多
随着区块链技术的快速发展,工作量证明(Proof of Work, PoW)共识机制作为其核心组成部分,在确保网络安全性与去中心化方面扮演着重要的角色。PoW管理系统的稳定性和效率直接影响到整个区块链网络的性能和可扩展性,如何应用和优化客户端...随着区块链技术的快速发展,工作量证明(Proof of Work, PoW)共识机制作为其核心组成部分,在确保网络安全性与去中心化方面扮演着重要的角色。PoW管理系统的稳定性和效率直接影响到整个区块链网络的性能和可扩展性,如何应用和优化客户端软件的动态升级策略变得尤为关键。本文从PoW共识机制的基本原理出发,分析PoW管理系统下的客户端动态升级策略,进而探讨其对网络加速的影响,以期为实现更高效、更安全的区块链网络提供理论支持和实践指导。展开更多
Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see,even under high-powered magnification(放大).The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells,helping to ensure that n...Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see,even under high-powered magnification(放大).The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells,helping to ensure that no stray tumor cells are left behind during surgery."We’re in the early stages of this technology,and more development and testing will be done,but we’re certainly展开更多
针对比特币的PoW(proof of work)共识机制中资源消耗巨大、系统性能存在瓶颈和“公地悲剧”问题,从博弈论的角度分析了比特币系统后期只有交易费奖励所带来的“公地悲剧”现象,提出了基于门限密码方案的共识机制(a consensus mechanism ...针对比特币的PoW(proof of work)共识机制中资源消耗巨大、系统性能存在瓶颈和“公地悲剧”问题,从博弈论的角度分析了比特币系统后期只有交易费奖励所带来的“公地悲剧”现象,提出了基于门限密码方案的共识机制(a consensus mechanism based on threshold cryptography,TCCM).首先,新共识协议引入了节点保证金的思想,提出了一种基于门限群签名理论的保证金模型.该模型既能够确保保证金的安全,又为节点诚实地记账提供保障.其次,利用门限加密的思想构造了记账权竞价模型来产生区块链记账节点,这能够保证记账权竞价环境的公平性和记账节点产生的随机性.同时,在原有的区块奖励基础上,设计了新的激励机制,使得更多的节点能够参与共识的全过程.最后,安全性和性能分析结果表明,该共识机制既有效地降低了资源消耗,又提高了交易处理效率,使得整个区块链系统变得更加安全可靠.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (51178372)
文摘Based on the current situation of urbanization development in West China, this paper analyses main factors responsible for sluggish urbanization in West China as follows: impact of environment factor, impact of population quality and quantity, lagging of public product service, stagnancy of technological development, backwardness of slow growth, and rigidity of system building. And then this paper analyses the restriction mechanism of urbanization in West China: at the superficial level, the constraints of urbanization in West China arise from the shortage of capital; at the profound level, the backward culture contributes to the constraints of urbanization in West China. The thread of resolving restriction mechanism of urbanization in West China is put forward from system, economy and culture. On the basis of this thread, we construct the power system for the development of urbanization in West China. The power system for urbanization in West China should be propelled by "four forces", namely, pull of external forces, cohesive strength of regional market environment, expansion power inside countryside, traction of industrial structure adjustment. Innovation is the engine of impetus for urbanization in West China; spatial clustering and modernization of industry is the major driving force for urbanization; the government behaviour, driving of foreign investment, great projects and other forces are supplementary power. Via the main power, we should take the market as medium to achieve the role of power in promoting urbanization.
文摘A statistically significant research finding should not be defined as a P-value of 0.05 or less, because this definition does not take into account study power. Statistical significance was originally defined by Fisher RA as a P-value of 0.05 or less. According to Fisher, any finding that is likely to occur by random variation no more than 1 in 20 times is considered significant. Neyman J and Pearson ES subsequently argued that Fisher's definition was incomplete. They proposed that statistical significance could only be determined by analyzing the chance of incorrectly considering a study finding was significant(a Type Ⅰ?error) or incorrectly considering a study finding was insignificant(a Type Ⅱ error). Their definition of statistical significance is also incomplete because the error rates are considered separately, not together. A better definition of statistical significance is the positive predictive value of a P-value, which is equal to the power divided by the sum of power and the P-value. This definition is more complete and relevant than Fisher's or Neyman-Peason's definitions, because it takes into account both concepts of statistical significance. Using this definition, a statistically significant finding requires a P-value of 0.05 or less when the power is at least 95%, and a P-value of 0.032 or less when the power is 60%. To achieve statistical significance, P-values must be adjusted downward as the study power decreases.
文摘ON May 20,2025,eighteen descendants of British prisoners of war(POWs)rescued in the Lisbon Maru incident arrived on Dongji Island in east China’s Zhejiang Province,after a long transoceanic journey.They joined descendants of the local fishermen who had saved their ancestors 83 years ago,gathering to witness the unveiling of a memorial erected in honor of the fishermen’s extraordinary bravery.At its center,the memorial bears the inscription:“Love knows no boundaries;Friendship transcends time.”
文摘Remarkable achievements of the new energy industry policy framework over the past two decades Over the past two decades,the industry policy framework centered on the Renewable Energy Law has effectively facilitated the leapfrog development of China’s new energy sector.During this period,policy incentives were primarily focused on promoting the rational scaling of the industry,thereby driving rapid technological upgrades and iterations.This,in turn,enabled a significant reduc-tion in the cost of new energy power generation.In this process,policy played a pivotal role in two key areas:first,by providing per-kilowatt-hour subsidies to bridge the cost gap between new energy and conventional power sources;and second,by exempting the system cost of new energy grid-connected operation through a full guaranteed purchase system.
文摘随着区块链技术的快速发展,工作量证明(Proof of Work, PoW)共识机制作为其核心组成部分,在确保网络安全性与去中心化方面扮演着重要的角色。PoW管理系统的稳定性和效率直接影响到整个区块链网络的性能和可扩展性,如何应用和优化客户端软件的动态升级策略变得尤为关键。本文从PoW共识机制的基本原理出发,分析PoW管理系统下的客户端动态升级策略,进而探讨其对网络加速的影响,以期为实现更高效、更安全的区块链网络提供理论支持和实践指导。
文摘Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see,even under high-powered magnification(放大).The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells,helping to ensure that no stray tumor cells are left behind during surgery."We’re in the early stages of this technology,and more development and testing will be done,but we’re certainly
文摘针对比特币的PoW(proof of work)共识机制中资源消耗巨大、系统性能存在瓶颈和“公地悲剧”问题,从博弈论的角度分析了比特币系统后期只有交易费奖励所带来的“公地悲剧”现象,提出了基于门限密码方案的共识机制(a consensus mechanism based on threshold cryptography,TCCM).首先,新共识协议引入了节点保证金的思想,提出了一种基于门限群签名理论的保证金模型.该模型既能够确保保证金的安全,又为节点诚实地记账提供保障.其次,利用门限加密的思想构造了记账权竞价模型来产生区块链记账节点,这能够保证记账权竞价环境的公平性和记账节点产生的随机性.同时,在原有的区块奖励基础上,设计了新的激励机制,使得更多的节点能够参与共识的全过程.最后,安全性和性能分析结果表明,该共识机制既有效地降低了资源消耗,又提高了交易处理效率,使得整个区块链系统变得更加安全可靠.
