Depression is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis,driven by the combined effects of hormonal changes,reduced bone density,and psychosocial stress.A recent study by Cui and Su reported that 73...Depression is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis,driven by the combined effects of hormonal changes,reduced bone density,and psychosocial stress.A recent study by Cui and Su reported that 73.3%of affected women exhibited depressive symptoms,with low bone mineral density,chronic comorbidities,and reduced serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine)levels as key risk factors.Notably,nurse-led psychological interventions improved both mood and quality of life.This editorial underscore the need to integrate mental health support into standard osteoporosis care.Simple,scalable strategies such as routine screening and nurse-delivered emotional support may help bridge the gap between physical and psychological health.These approaches are especially relevant for aging populations across diverse healthcare settings.A dual focus on bone and emotional well-being is essential to improving outcomes in this vulnerable group.展开更多
As of 2023, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, following cervical cancer, posing a significant burden on the country’s healthcare system. Postmenop...As of 2023, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, following cervical cancer, posing a significant burden on the country’s healthcare system. Postmenopausal asymptomatic endometrial thickening is primarily benign, often involving endometrial polyps. However, previous clinical studies indicate a relatively high malignancy rate for postmenopausal endometrial polyps, suggesting the necessity for active intervention, particularly in cases with high-risk factors for EC. This article reviews the research progress on risk factors for endometrial lesions in postmenopausal patients with asymptomatic endometrial thickening, aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the multi-component synergistic mechanism of Zuogui Wan(左归丸, ZGW) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP). METHODS: The main components and target genes of ZGW were screened via the Trad...OBJECTIVE: To explore the multi-component synergistic mechanism of Zuogui Wan(左归丸, ZGW) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP). METHODS: The main components and target genes of ZGW were screened via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP). In addition, the target gene sets of PMOP were derived from the Gene Cards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. The search tool for recurring instances of neighbouring genes(STRING) 11.0 software was used to analyze the interaction among intersecting genes. Cytoscape 3.6.1 software and the Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC) algorithm were used to screen the core genes. Fifty Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated(Sham) group and the four ovariectomized(OVX) subgroups. Rats subjected to Sham or OVX were administered with the vehicle(OVX, 1 m L water/100 g weight), 17β-estradiol(E2, 50 μg·kg-1·d-1), and lyophilized powder of ZGW at a low dose of 2.3(ZGW-L) and high dose of 4.6(ZGW-H) g·kg-1·d-1 for three months. The bone density and bone strength were assessed using dual-energy X-ray and three-point bending tests, respectively. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, and western blot analysis were used to determine the potential pharmacological mechanisms of action of ZGW in PMOP. RESULTS: A total of 117 active compounds of ZGW were screened from the TCMSP. Furthermore, 108 intersecting genes of drugs and diseases were identified. Using STRING software and the MCC algorithm, ten core genes, including C-X-C chemokine living 8(CXCL8), C-C chemokine receptor type 2(CCR2), alpha-2a active receptor(ADRA2A), melatonin receptor type 1B(MTNR1B), and amyloid-beta A4 protein(APP), were identified. The anti-osteoporosis regulation network of ZGW was constructed using the Cytoscape software. The animal experiments demonstrated that ZGW groups significantly reduced the serum levels of β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTX) and increased serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP)(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The OVX group exhibited a significant decrease in bone mineral density and bone strength compared with the Sham group(P < 0.01). Moreover, treatment with ZGW resulted in increased trabecular thickness, improved arrangement of trabecular structure, and reduced empty bone lacunae. Furthermore, treatment with ZGW significantly increased the protein expression of CXCL8, ADRA2A, and CCR2(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and significantly decreased the protein expression of Runx2(P < 0.01). Furthermore, the ZGW and E2 groups demonstrated significantly increased BMD(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), improved bone strength(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), reduced expression of CXCL8, ADRA2A, and CCR2, and increased runt-related transcription factor 2 levels in bone tissue(P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the OVX group. However, there were no significant differences in MTNR1B and APP expression among the groups. CONCLUSION: ZGW shows synergistic mechanisms in PMOP through multiple components, targets, and pathways.展开更多
The aging of the global population has made postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention essential;however,pharmacological treatments are limited.Herein,we evaluate the effect of calcium-fortified fresh milk(FM)in ameliorat...The aging of the global population has made postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention essential;however,pharmacological treatments are limited.Herein,we evaluate the effect of calcium-fortified fresh milk(FM)in ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis in a rat model established using bilateral ovariectomy.After 3 months of FM(containing vitamin D,and casein phosphopeptides,1000 mg Ca/100 g)or control milk(110 mg Ca/100 g milk)supplementation,bone changes were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,microcomputed tomography,and bone biomechanical testing.The results revealed that FM can regulate bone metabolism and gut microbiota composition,which act on bone metabolism through pathways associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis,relaxin signaling,serotonergic synapse,and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.Furthermore,FM administration significantly increased bone mineral content and density in the lumbar spine and femur,as well as femoral compressive strength,while improving femoral trabecular bone parameters and microarchitecture.Mechanistically,we found that the effects may be due to increased levels of estrogen,bone formation marker osteocalcin,and procollagen typeⅠN-propeptide,and decreased expression of the bone resorption marker C-telopiptide and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.Overall,the findings suggest that FM is a potential alternative therapeutic option for ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)is the most common form of primary osteoporosis among women,and the associated pain often drives patients to seek clinical intervention.Numerous studies have highlighted the...BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)is the most common form of primary osteoporosis among women,and the associated pain often drives patients to seek clinical intervention.Numerous studies have highlighted the unique clinical benefits of exercise therapy(ET)in alleviating PMOP-related pain.However,bibliometric analyses examining collaboration,development trends,and research frontiers in the field of ET for PMOP pain remain scarce.AIM To explore the research trends in ET for pain treatment in PMOP patients over the past decade.METHODS All scholarly works were meticulously sourced from the Science Citation Index-Expanded within the prominent Web of Science Core Collection.Utilizing the capabilities of CiteSpace 6.2.R5,we conducted a thorough analysis of publications,authors,frequently cited scholars,contributing nations,institutions,journals of significant citation,comprehensive references,and pivotal keywords.Additionally,our examination explored keyword cooccurrences,detailed timelines,and periods of heightened citation activity.This comprehensive search,from 2014 through 2023,was completed within a single day,on October 11,2023.RESULTS In total,2914 articles were ultimately included in the analysis.There was a rapid increase in annual publication output in 2015,followed by stable growth in subsequent years.Boninger,Michael L,is the most prolific author,whereas Ware JE has the most citations.The United States’global influence is significant,surpassing all other nations.The University of California System and Harvard University are the most influential academic institutions.J Bone Joint Surg Am is the most influential journal in this field.“Spinal cord injury”is the keyword that has garnered the most attention from researchers.The developmental pattern in this field is characterized by interdisciplinary fusion,with different disciplines converging to drive progress.CONCLUSION The academic development of the field of ET for pain in PMOP has matured and stabilized.Clinical management and rehabilitation strategies,along with the mechanisms underlying the relationship between ET and bone resorption analgesia,continue to be the current and future focal points of research in this field.展开更多
Objectives: To explore the relationship between adiponectin (APN) and bone mineral density in this Zhuang ethnic group, thus providing a basis underpinning the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Methods: Z...Objectives: To explore the relationship between adiponectin (APN) and bone mineral density in this Zhuang ethnic group, thus providing a basis underpinning the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Methods: Zhuang women over 50 years old in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were included in the study. The broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was adopted as the reference to calculate the T value. Quantitative ultrasonic bone density was measured on the right. Body composition measuring instrument was used to measure weight, fat, and muscle mass. Plasma APN level was detected by ELISA and blood lipids were detected by enzymatic method. Results: Plasma APN level was found with significant differences in the normal bone mineral density group, bone mineral density reduction group, and osteoporosis group (P β = −0.176, P = 0.001) when the partial correlation coefficient of APN is −0.210. Elevated APN was an independent risk factor for bone mineral density reduction (OR = 1.191, 95%CI: 1.004 - 1.407, P = 0.04) and OP (OR = 1.1337, 95%CI: 1.137 - 1.572, P Conclusion: Increased APN in postmenopausal women of Zhuang is an independent risk factor for OP. The application of APN in the OP screening and prevention of middle-aged and ageing Zhuang women still needs further research.展开更多
Objective:To study the screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women in liquid-based cell test(TCT)application value.Methods:From January 2023 to March 2024 hospital check-ups and outpatient reached 400 cases ...Objective:To study the screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women in liquid-based cell test(TCT)application value.Methods:From January 2023 to March 2024 hospital check-ups and outpatient reached 400 cases of postmenopausal women,and they were TCT and HPV detection,during the study period to pathological diagnosis of numerical results as the standard,analysis of TCT detection application of screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women and the effect.Results:After the TCT detection,the inflammation group and normal group by use of HPV testing positive rate higher than other groups(P<0.05).Hospital after pathological diagnosis and research,after the screening system found CINⅠlevel and above cases about 39 cases,the TCT and HPV detection rate of positive difference is not obvious,and there is no statistical significance(P>0.05).Joint test analysis,the sensitivity and specificity were higher than that of TCT and HPV testing positive(P<0.05).Conclusion:TCT detection screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women is of great importance to the application,if you can join HPV testing,help to improve the detection sensitivity,avoid missed diagnosis of problems,and then for treatment and later restore to lay a solid foundation.展开更多
Objective:To compare the efficacy of Wumei Decoction in pre and postmenopausal patients and its effect on follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2).Methods:Sixty-four patients who attended the Department of T...Objective:To compare the efficacy of Wumei Decoction in pre and postmenopausal patients and its effect on follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2).Methods:Sixty-four patients who attended the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine I in Cangzhou City Central Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group,32 cases in each group.The treatment group took modified Wumei Decoction orally,1 dose of water boiled 2 times a day,divided into 2 warm doses;the control group took Livial orally,2.5 mg/times,1 time/day,and the observation cycles were all for 3 months.Kupperman score,FSH,E2,clinical symptoms and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:The Kupperman score of the two groups decreased after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant;the total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant;there was no statistical significance in the comparison of FSH before and after the treatment of the two groups,but the FSH values of the two groups were significantly lower than those before,and the difference was statistically significant;there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of E2 of the two groups before treatment,and the E2 values of the two groups were higher than those of the control group after the treatment.After the treatment,E2 of the two groups of patients was significantly higher than before,and the difference was statistically significant.After treatment,E2 of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and the comparison between the groups was statistically significant.Conclusion:There was no significant difference between modified Wumei Decoction and Livial in lowering follicle-stimulating hormone levels;modified Wumei Decoction was superior in raising oestradiol;and modified Wumei Decoction was relatively effective in improving clinical symptoms.展开更多
Postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） is considered a polygenic disease. The estrogen receptor β （ESR2） gene is a candidate mediating the genetic influence on bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis. The aim of this s...Postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） is considered a polygenic disease. The estrogen receptor β （ESR2） gene is a candidate mediating the genetic influence on bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of a cytosine-adenine （CA） repeat polymorphism in the fifth intron of the ESR2 gene with PMO in Chinese Han population. The CA repeat polymorphism was genotyped in a case-control study, involving 78 femoral neck PMO patients vs. 122 controls and 108 lumbar spine （L2-4） PMO patients vs. 92 controls. The （CA）n〈22 and （CA）n≥22 alleles were designated short （S） and long （L）, respectively. ESR2 genotype was categorically defined as SS （2 S alleles）, SL （having the mixed S and L alleles）, and LL （2 L alleles）. At both the femoral neck and the L2-4 region, LL genotype and L allele frequencies of the PMO group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P〈0.01）. The subjects with the SL, the LL, and the combined SL and LL genotype had a significant increased risk of PMO when compared with those with the SS genotype （P〈0.05）. After adjustments for age, years since menopause, menopausal age, and body mass index, logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with the combined SL and LL genotype had increased risk of PMO when compared with those with the SS genotype both at the femoral neck （adjusted OR 4.923, 95% CI 1.986-12.203 , P=0.001） and the L2-4 （adjusted OR 2.267, 95% CI 1.121-4.598, P=0.023）. This extensive association study has identified the ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism to be independently associated with PMO at the femoral neck and the L2-4 in Chinese Han population. The data also suggested that the presence of the L allele may dominantly increase the risk of PMO at the two regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND While primary liver cancer(PLC)is one of the most common cancers around the world,few large-scale population-based studies have been reported that evaluated the clinical survival outcomes among peripartum a...BACKGROUND While primary liver cancer(PLC)is one of the most common cancers around the world,few large-scale population-based studies have been reported that evaluated the clinical survival outcomes among peripartum and postmenopausal women with PLC.AIM To investigate whether peripartum and postmenopausal women with PLC have lower overall survival rates compared with women who were not peripartum and postmenopausal.METHODS The Taiwan National Health Insurance claims data from 2000 to 2012 was used for this propensity-score-matched study.A cohort of 40 peripartum women with PLC and a reference cohort of 160 women without peripartum were enrolled.In the women with PLC with/without menopause study,a study cohort of 10752 menopausal females with PLC and a comparison cohort of 2688 women without menopause were enrolled.RESULTS Patients with peripartum PLC had a non-significant risk of death compared with the non-peripartum cohort[adjusted hazard ratios(aHR)=1.40,95%confidence intervals(CI):0.89-2.20,P=0.149].The survival rate at different follow-up durations between peripartum PLC patients and those in the non-peripartum cohort showed a non-significant difference.Patients who were diagnosed with PLC younger than 50 years old(without menopause)had a significant lower risk of death compared with patients diagnosed with PLC at or older than 50 years(postmenopausal)(aHR=0.64,95%CI:0.61-0.68,P<0.001).The survival rate of women<50 years with PLC was significantly higher than older women with PLC when followed for 0.5(72.44%vs 64.16%),1(60.57%vs 51.66%),3(42.92%vs 31.28%),and 5 year(s)(37.02%vs 21.83%),respectively(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Peripartum females with PLC have no difference in survival rates compared with those patients without peripartum.Menopausal females with PLC have worse survival rates compared with those patients without menopause.展开更多
Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, ...Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, in general, pharmacological combinations allied to lifestyle changes as the mainstay of their management, and also increasing bone marrow density, lowering fracture risk, and improving quality of life are their main therapeutic goals. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the available data in the scientific medical literature regarding the role of the ibandronate and cholecalciferol combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia management. Based on our results, we concluded that the above combination is safe and feasible for the clinical control of both conditions.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases （eNOS） G894T and 27 bpvariable number tandem repeat （VNTR） gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of...Objective： To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases （eNOS） G894T and 27 bpvariable number tandem repeat （VNTR） gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of Chinese Han nationality. Methods： In the present study, 281 postmenopausal women from Xi＇an urban area in West China were recruited, and divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis proposed by World Health Organization （WHO）. The bone mineral density （BMD） values of lumbar vertebrae and left hips were determined by QDR-2000 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were tested for plasma biochemical indicators including testosterone, estradiol, calcitonin, osteocalcin, and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase by spectrophotometric method, and the content of nitric oxide by Griess method. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood, and G894T polymorphism of eNOS gene was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method and 27 bp-VNTR polymorphism of eNOS gene was genotyped by PCR method. Then the relationships between genotypes and biochemical indicators, genotypes and osteoporosis, and haplotypes and osteoporosis were analyzed. Results： The average BMD values of the femoral neck, ward＇s triangle and lumbar vertebrae 1-4 （LI-L4） in the subjects with T/T genotype in eNOS G894T locus were significantly higher than those in the subjects with G/T and G/G genotypes （P〈0.05）. The average BMD of the femoral neck in the subjects with a/a genotype of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR locus was evidently higher than that in the subjects with b/b genotype （P〈0.05）. The plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations in the subjects of eNOS G894T G/T genotype were evidently higher than those in the subjects of other genotypes （P〈0.05）; the plasma estradiol concentration in the subjects of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype was obviously higher than that in the subjects of b/b genotype （P〈0.01）. eNOS G/G homozygous frequencies in osteoporosis women, osteopenia women, and normal women were 85.37%, 76.38%, and 83.87%, respectively （P〉0.05）. 0% osteoporosis woman, 0.79% osteopenia women, and 3.23% normal women were eNOS a/a homozygous （P〈0.05）. The frequencies of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a allele were 5.33% in the osteoporosis group, 10.24% in the osteopenia group, and 16.13% in the normal group （P〈0.05, odds ratio （OR）=0.29, 95% confidence interval （CI）=0.11-0.77）, suggesting that a/a genotype and a allele might have protective effects on osteoporosis. The haplotype analysis showed that G-b was 87.7% （214/244） in the osteoporosis group （P〈0.05, OR=2.48, 95% CI=1. 18-5.18）. G-a was 5.3% （13/244） in the osteoporosis group （P〈0.05, OR=0.29, 95% CI=0. 11-0.77）. G-b was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and G-a a protective factor. Conclusion： eNOS G894T G/T genotype influenced the plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations, and T/T genotype influenced BMD. eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype increased plasma estradiol concentration to have a protective effect on osteoporosis.展开更多
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a kind of degenerative disease,also described as“invisible killer.”Estrogen is generally considered as the key hormone for women to maintain bone mineral content during their lives.Iro...Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a kind of degenerative disease,also described as“invisible killer.”Estrogen is generally considered as the key hormone for women to maintain bone mineral content during their lives.Iron accumulation refers to a state of human serum ferritin that is higher than the normal value but less than 1000μg/L.It has been found that iron accumulation and osteoporosis could occur simultaneously with the decrease in estrogen level after menopause.In recent years,many studies indicated that iron accumulation plays a vital role in postmenopausal osteoporosis,and a significant correlation has been found between iron accumulation and fragility fractures.In this review,we summarize and analyze the relevant literature including randomized controlled trials,systematic reviews,and meta-analyses between January 1996 and July 2022.We investigate the mechanism of the effect of iron accumulation on bone metabolism and discuss the relationship of iron accumulation,osteoporosis,and postmenopausal fragility fractures,as well as the main clinical treatment strategies.We conclude that it is necessary to pay attention to the phenomenon of iron accumulation in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and explore the in-depth mechanism of abnormal bone metabolism caused by iron accumulation,in order to facilitate the discovery of effective therapeutic targets for postmenopausal osteoporosis.展开更多
Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Yigu capsule (益骨胶囊, YGC), a Chinese herbal compound preparation, in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: The c...Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Yigu capsule (益骨胶囊, YGC), a Chinese herbal compound preparation, in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: The clinical study was conducted in a prospective, randomized, double blinded method lasting for 6 months with placebo and positive control. Two hundred and ten PMO patients with confirmed diagnosis were assigned into the YGC group, the calciferol group and the placebo group. Besides being administered element calcium, they were treated with YGC, calciferol capsule and placebo capsule respectively. And such symptoms as newly found fracture and ostealgia, bone mineral density (BMD) of the 2nd-4th lumbar vertebrae (L_ 2-4 ) and upper femur, blood and urinary indexes for bone metabolism, sex hormone level and adverse reaction that occurred in patients were observed.Results: In the YGC group, the total effective rate was 95.50%, with no new occurrence of fractures, which was significantly better than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). Moreover, in the YGC group,the increase rate of BMD was 9.83% in L_ 2-4 , 4.09% in femoral neck, 4.60% in Wards triangle, 3.00% in greater trochanter, which was also better than that in the placebo group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the placebo group, levels in the YGC group of urinary oxyproline hydroxyproline/creatinine, urinary calcium/creatinine were significantly lower, serum and bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, estradiol and estradiol/testosterone were significantly higher, but no difference was shown in the comparison of testosterone level. In the observation period, no abnormality in blood or urine routine, liver or renal function was found. Only mild, transient gastro-intestinal response occurred in individual patients, but it did not affect the treatment. Conclusion: YGC could treat PMO effectively, as it could obviously increase the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and coxafemoral bone, elevate the alleviating rate of ostealgia and incessant motion time, yet causing no newly found compressive fracture of vertebrae, or and any related adverse reaction. YGC could not only promote the formation, but also inhibit the absorption of bone as well as increase the sex hormone level. Therefore, it is a pure Chinese herbal compound preparation worthy of further research and development.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. ＆ Wendl. （Solanaceae） is present in many Ayurveda compound formulations including Chavanaprasha and Dasamoolarishta. The whole plant is used in conditions such as inflammati...OBJECTIVE： Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. ＆ Wendl. （Solanaceae） is present in many Ayurveda compound formulations including Chavanaprasha and Dasamoolarishta. The whole plant is used in conditions such as inflammation, constipation and promoting conception in females. In the present study, we carried out different tests to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Solanum xanthocarpum （SXE） in postmenopausal syndrome. METHODS： The study was carried out in bilaterally ovariectomized one-month-old Wistar rats （40-50 g）. Bilaterally ovariectomized （OVX） Wistar rats were divided into four groups （n=6） receiving different treatments, consisting of a vehicle （distilled water）, aqueous extract of Solanum xanthocarpum at two different doses （200 and 400 mg/kg） administered orally daily for 90 d and standard drug β estradiol at a dose of 1 mg/kg administered subcutaneously biweekly for 90 d. Estrogenic activity was assessed by vaginal cornification, sexual behavior, serum estradiol and uterine weight to body weight ratio. Antiosteoporotic activity was assessed on the basis of biomechanical and biochemical parameters followed by histopathological studies, and antidepressant activity was assessed by forced swim test. RESULTS： SXE showed presence of steroids. At the dose of 200 mg/kg, it significantly improved all the parameters of sexual behavior （P〈0.01）, caused vaginal cornification, and increased serum estradiol and uterine weight （P〈0.01）. It also significantly improved all the parameters of bone strength as well as depression （P〈0.01）. Histopathology of bones confirmed the above findings. CONCLUSION： The study indicated that SXE may provide an effective treatment in the prevention of postmenopausal symptoms.展开更多
Objective:This post-approval safety study assessed the efficacy and safety of exemestane after 2-3 years of tamoxifen treatment among postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive(ER+)early breast cancer in Chi...Objective:This post-approval safety study assessed the efficacy and safety of exemestane after 2-3 years of tamoxifen treatment among postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive(ER+)early breast cancer in China.Methods:Enrolled patients had received 2-3 years of tamoxifen and were then switched to exemestane for completion of 5 consecutive years of adjuvant endocrine therapy.The primary endpoint was the time from enrollment to the first occurrence of locoregional/distant recurrence of the primary breast cancer,appearance of a second primary or contralateral breast cancer,or death due to any cause.Other endpoints included the proportion of patients experiencing each event,incidence rate per annum,relationships between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and time to event,and relationship between disease history variables and time to event.Results:Overall,558 patients were included in the full analysis set:397(71.1%)completed the study,20experienced an event,and 141 discontinued[47 owing to an adverse event(AE);37 no longer willing to participate].Median duration of treatment was 29.5(range,0.1-57.7)months.Median time to event was not reached.Eventfree survival probability at 36 months was 91.4%(95%CI,87.7%-95.1%).The event incidence over the total exposure time of exemestane therapy was 3.5 events/100 person-years(20/565).Multivariate analysis showed an association between tumor,lymph node,and metastasis stage at initial diagnosis and time to event[hazard ratio:1.532(95%CI,1.129-2.080);P=0.006].Most AEs were grade 1 or 2 in severity,with arthralgia(7.7%)being the most common treatment-related AE.Conclusions:This study supports the efficacy and safety of exemestane in postmenopausal Chinese women with ER+breast cancer previously treated with adjuvant tamoxifen for 2-3 years.No new safety signals were identified in the Chinese population.展开更多
Objective： To demonstrate the validity and reliability of volumetric quantitative computed tomography （vQCT） with multi-slice computed tomography （MSCT） and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） for hip bone m...Objective： To demonstrate the validity and reliability of volumetric quantitative computed tomography （vQCT） with multi-slice computed tomography （MSCT） and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） for hip bone mineral density （BMD） measurements, and to compare the differences between the two techniques in discriminating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures from those without. Methods： Ninety subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the BMD values of the lumbar spine and/or the femoral neck by DXA. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of postmenopausal women with BMD changes 〈-2SD, with and without radiographically confirmed vertebral fracture （n= 11 and 33, respectively）. Group 3 comprised normal controls with BMD changes 〉-ISD （n-46）. Post-MSCT （GE, LightSpeed16） scan reconstructed images of the abdominal-pelvic region, 1.25 mm thick per slice, were processed by OsteoCAD software to calculate the following parameters： volumetric BMD values of trabecular bone （TRAB）, cortical bone （CORT）, and integral bone （INTGL） of the left femoral neck, femoral neck axis length （NAL）, and minimum cross-section area （mCSA）. DXA BMD measurements of the lumbar spine （AP-SPINE） and the left femoral neck （NECK） also were performed for each subject. Results： The values of all seven parameters were significantly lower in subjects of Groups 1 and 2 than in normal postmenopausal women （P〈0.05, respectively）. Comparing Groups 1 and 2, 3D-TRAB and 3D-INTGL were significantly lower in postmenopausal women with vertebral fracture（s） [（109.8±9.61） and （243.3±33.0） mg/cm^3, respectively] than in those without [（148.9±7.47） and （285.4±17.8） mg/cm^3, respectively] （P〈0.05, respectively）, but no significant differences were evident in AP-SPINE or NECK BMD. Conclusion： the femoral neck-derived volumetric BMD parameters using vQCT appeared better than the DXA-derived ones in discriminating osteoporotic postmenopausal women with vertebral fractures from those without, vQCT might be useful to evaluate the effect of osteoporotic vertebral fracture status on changes in bone mass in the femoral neck.展开更多
Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the re...Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.展开更多
Summary： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of risedronate sodium in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, one-year randomized, double blind clinical trial was performed among 54 women with postmenopausal osteop...Summary： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of risedronate sodium in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, one-year randomized, double blind clinical trial was performed among 54 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The changes were compared in bone mineral density （BMD）, bone metabolism markers and adverse events after 12 months oral administration of risedronate sodium. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry （DEXA） and bone turnover marker was detected. The results showed that there was a significant increase in BMD of the lumbar spine （3.29 %±41.18 %, 4.51%±1.64 % respectively） after 6 and 12 months in the risedronate treatment group versus placebo control group （-0.62 %±0.24 %, 0.48 %±0. 18 % respectively）. Bone turnover was decreased to a stable nadir over 6 and 12 months for resorption markers [N-Telopeptide （NTx）, P〈0.05] and over 12 months for formation marker （ALP, P〈0.05; BGP, P〈0. 05）. The safety profile of risedronate sodium was similar to that of placebo. There were no trends toward increased frequency of any adverse experience except for gastrointestinal symptoms （7.1%）, rash （7.1%） and hematuria （3.6 %）, which were usually mild, transient, and resolved with continued treatment. It was concluded that risedronate was an efficacious and safe drug in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.展开更多
According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by th... According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82260873.
文摘Depression is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis,driven by the combined effects of hormonal changes,reduced bone density,and psychosocial stress.A recent study by Cui and Su reported that 73.3%of affected women exhibited depressive symptoms,with low bone mineral density,chronic comorbidities,and reduced serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine)levels as key risk factors.Notably,nurse-led psychological interventions improved both mood and quality of life.This editorial underscore the need to integrate mental health support into standard osteoporosis care.Simple,scalable strategies such as routine screening and nurse-delivered emotional support may help bridge the gap between physical and psychological health.These approaches are especially relevant for aging populations across diverse healthcare settings.A dual focus on bone and emotional well-being is essential to improving outcomes in this vulnerable group.
文摘As of 2023, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, following cervical cancer, posing a significant burden on the country’s healthcare system. Postmenopausal asymptomatic endometrial thickening is primarily benign, often involving endometrial polyps. However, previous clinical studies indicate a relatively high malignancy rate for postmenopausal endometrial polyps, suggesting the necessity for active intervention, particularly in cases with high-risk factors for EC. This article reviews the research progress on risk factors for endometrial lesions in postmenopausal patients with asymptomatic endometrial thickening, aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Research on Mechanism of Zuogui Wan in Treating Postmenopausal Osteoporosis by Regulating Feed-forward Loop of Oxytocin/Oxytocin Receptor Based on Transcriptome so as to Explain the Theory of “All Marrows Dominated by Brain”(No. 82104730)Based on Protein Kinase Cθ/Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Signal Transduction Regulation,Shexiang Huangqi Compound Dropping Pills Regulate the Migration and Differentiation Mechanism of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through the Blood-brain Barrier after Cerebral Ischemia (No. 81974564)+1 种基金The 72nd Batch of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M721065)Central Plains Talent Program-science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project (224200510027)。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the multi-component synergistic mechanism of Zuogui Wan(左归丸, ZGW) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP). METHODS: The main components and target genes of ZGW were screened via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP). In addition, the target gene sets of PMOP were derived from the Gene Cards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. The search tool for recurring instances of neighbouring genes(STRING) 11.0 software was used to analyze the interaction among intersecting genes. Cytoscape 3.6.1 software and the Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC) algorithm were used to screen the core genes. Fifty Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated(Sham) group and the four ovariectomized(OVX) subgroups. Rats subjected to Sham or OVX were administered with the vehicle(OVX, 1 m L water/100 g weight), 17β-estradiol(E2, 50 μg·kg-1·d-1), and lyophilized powder of ZGW at a low dose of 2.3(ZGW-L) and high dose of 4.6(ZGW-H) g·kg-1·d-1 for three months. The bone density and bone strength were assessed using dual-energy X-ray and three-point bending tests, respectively. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, and western blot analysis were used to determine the potential pharmacological mechanisms of action of ZGW in PMOP. RESULTS: A total of 117 active compounds of ZGW were screened from the TCMSP. Furthermore, 108 intersecting genes of drugs and diseases were identified. Using STRING software and the MCC algorithm, ten core genes, including C-X-C chemokine living 8(CXCL8), C-C chemokine receptor type 2(CCR2), alpha-2a active receptor(ADRA2A), melatonin receptor type 1B(MTNR1B), and amyloid-beta A4 protein(APP), were identified. The anti-osteoporosis regulation network of ZGW was constructed using the Cytoscape software. The animal experiments demonstrated that ZGW groups significantly reduced the serum levels of β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTX) and increased serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP)(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The OVX group exhibited a significant decrease in bone mineral density and bone strength compared with the Sham group(P < 0.01). Moreover, treatment with ZGW resulted in increased trabecular thickness, improved arrangement of trabecular structure, and reduced empty bone lacunae. Furthermore, treatment with ZGW significantly increased the protein expression of CXCL8, ADRA2A, and CCR2(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and significantly decreased the protein expression of Runx2(P < 0.01). Furthermore, the ZGW and E2 groups demonstrated significantly increased BMD(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), improved bone strength(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), reduced expression of CXCL8, ADRA2A, and CCR2, and increased runt-related transcription factor 2 levels in bone tissue(P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the OVX group. However, there were no significant differences in MTNR1B and APP expression among the groups. CONCLUSION: ZGW shows synergistic mechanisms in PMOP through multiple components, targets, and pathways.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32072191)Daxing District Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Project (2020006)+1 种基金Beijing Innovation Team Project of Livestock Industry Technology SystemBeijing Science and Technology Special Project (Z201100002620005)。
文摘The aging of the global population has made postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention essential;however,pharmacological treatments are limited.Herein,we evaluate the effect of calcium-fortified fresh milk(FM)in ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis in a rat model established using bilateral ovariectomy.After 3 months of FM(containing vitamin D,and casein phosphopeptides,1000 mg Ca/100 g)or control milk(110 mg Ca/100 g milk)supplementation,bone changes were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,microcomputed tomography,and bone biomechanical testing.The results revealed that FM can regulate bone metabolism and gut microbiota composition,which act on bone metabolism through pathways associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis,relaxin signaling,serotonergic synapse,and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.Furthermore,FM administration significantly increased bone mineral content and density in the lumbar spine and femur,as well as femoral compressive strength,while improving femoral trabecular bone parameters and microarchitecture.Mechanistically,we found that the effects may be due to increased levels of estrogen,bone formation marker osteocalcin,and procollagen typeⅠN-propeptide,and decreased expression of the bone resorption marker C-telopiptide and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.Overall,the findings suggest that FM is a potential alternative therapeutic option for ameliorating postmenopausal osteoporosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)is the most common form of primary osteoporosis among women,and the associated pain often drives patients to seek clinical intervention.Numerous studies have highlighted the unique clinical benefits of exercise therapy(ET)in alleviating PMOP-related pain.However,bibliometric analyses examining collaboration,development trends,and research frontiers in the field of ET for PMOP pain remain scarce.AIM To explore the research trends in ET for pain treatment in PMOP patients over the past decade.METHODS All scholarly works were meticulously sourced from the Science Citation Index-Expanded within the prominent Web of Science Core Collection.Utilizing the capabilities of CiteSpace 6.2.R5,we conducted a thorough analysis of publications,authors,frequently cited scholars,contributing nations,institutions,journals of significant citation,comprehensive references,and pivotal keywords.Additionally,our examination explored keyword cooccurrences,detailed timelines,and periods of heightened citation activity.This comprehensive search,from 2014 through 2023,was completed within a single day,on October 11,2023.RESULTS In total,2914 articles were ultimately included in the analysis.There was a rapid increase in annual publication output in 2015,followed by stable growth in subsequent years.Boninger,Michael L,is the most prolific author,whereas Ware JE has the most citations.The United States’global influence is significant,surpassing all other nations.The University of California System and Harvard University are the most influential academic institutions.J Bone Joint Surg Am is the most influential journal in this field.“Spinal cord injury”is the keyword that has garnered the most attention from researchers.The developmental pattern in this field is characterized by interdisciplinary fusion,with different disciplines converging to drive progress.CONCLUSION The academic development of the field of ET for pain in PMOP has matured and stabilized.Clinical management and rehabilitation strategies,along with the mechanisms underlying the relationship between ET and bone resorption analgesia,continue to be the current and future focal points of research in this field.
文摘Objectives: To explore the relationship between adiponectin (APN) and bone mineral density in this Zhuang ethnic group, thus providing a basis underpinning the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Methods: Zhuang women over 50 years old in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were included in the study. The broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was adopted as the reference to calculate the T value. Quantitative ultrasonic bone density was measured on the right. Body composition measuring instrument was used to measure weight, fat, and muscle mass. Plasma APN level was detected by ELISA and blood lipids were detected by enzymatic method. Results: Plasma APN level was found with significant differences in the normal bone mineral density group, bone mineral density reduction group, and osteoporosis group (P β = −0.176, P = 0.001) when the partial correlation coefficient of APN is −0.210. Elevated APN was an independent risk factor for bone mineral density reduction (OR = 1.191, 95%CI: 1.004 - 1.407, P = 0.04) and OP (OR = 1.1337, 95%CI: 1.137 - 1.572, P Conclusion: Increased APN in postmenopausal women of Zhuang is an independent risk factor for OP. The application of APN in the OP screening and prevention of middle-aged and ageing Zhuang women still needs further research.
文摘Objective:To study the screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women in liquid-based cell test(TCT)application value.Methods:From January 2023 to March 2024 hospital check-ups and outpatient reached 400 cases of postmenopausal women,and they were TCT and HPV detection,during the study period to pathological diagnosis of numerical results as the standard,analysis of TCT detection application of screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women and the effect.Results:After the TCT detection,the inflammation group and normal group by use of HPV testing positive rate higher than other groups(P<0.05).Hospital after pathological diagnosis and research,after the screening system found CINⅠlevel and above cases about 39 cases,the TCT and HPV detection rate of positive difference is not obvious,and there is no statistical significance(P>0.05).Joint test analysis,the sensitivity and specificity were higher than that of TCT and HPV testing positive(P<0.05).Conclusion:TCT detection screening for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women is of great importance to the application,if you can join HPV testing,help to improve the detection sensitivity,avoid missed diagnosis of problems,and then for treatment and later restore to lay a solid foundation.
文摘Objective:To compare the efficacy of Wumei Decoction in pre and postmenopausal patients and its effect on follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2).Methods:Sixty-four patients who attended the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine I in Cangzhou City Central Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group,32 cases in each group.The treatment group took modified Wumei Decoction orally,1 dose of water boiled 2 times a day,divided into 2 warm doses;the control group took Livial orally,2.5 mg/times,1 time/day,and the observation cycles were all for 3 months.Kupperman score,FSH,E2,clinical symptoms and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:The Kupperman score of the two groups decreased after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant;the total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant;there was no statistical significance in the comparison of FSH before and after the treatment of the two groups,but the FSH values of the two groups were significantly lower than those before,and the difference was statistically significant;there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of E2 of the two groups before treatment,and the E2 values of the two groups were higher than those of the control group after the treatment.After the treatment,E2 of the two groups of patients was significantly higher than before,and the difference was statistically significant.After treatment,E2 of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and the comparison between the groups was statistically significant.Conclusion:There was no significant difference between modified Wumei Decoction and Livial in lowering follicle-stimulating hormone levels;modified Wumei Decoction was superior in raising oestradiol;and modified Wumei Decoction was relatively effective in improving clinical symptoms.
文摘Postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） is considered a polygenic disease. The estrogen receptor β （ESR2） gene is a candidate mediating the genetic influence on bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of a cytosine-adenine （CA） repeat polymorphism in the fifth intron of the ESR2 gene with PMO in Chinese Han population. The CA repeat polymorphism was genotyped in a case-control study, involving 78 femoral neck PMO patients vs. 122 controls and 108 lumbar spine （L2-4） PMO patients vs. 92 controls. The （CA）n〈22 and （CA）n≥22 alleles were designated short （S） and long （L）, respectively. ESR2 genotype was categorically defined as SS （2 S alleles）, SL （having the mixed S and L alleles）, and LL （2 L alleles）. At both the femoral neck and the L2-4 region, LL genotype and L allele frequencies of the PMO group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P〈0.01）. The subjects with the SL, the LL, and the combined SL and LL genotype had a significant increased risk of PMO when compared with those with the SS genotype （P〈0.05）. After adjustments for age, years since menopause, menopausal age, and body mass index, logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with the combined SL and LL genotype had increased risk of PMO when compared with those with the SS genotype both at the femoral neck （adjusted OR 4.923, 95% CI 1.986-12.203 , P=0.001） and the L2-4 （adjusted OR 2.267, 95% CI 1.121-4.598, P=0.023）. This extensive association study has identified the ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism to be independently associated with PMO at the femoral neck and the L2-4 in Chinese Han population. The data also suggested that the presence of the L allele may dominantly increase the risk of PMO at the two regions.
文摘BACKGROUND While primary liver cancer(PLC)is one of the most common cancers around the world,few large-scale population-based studies have been reported that evaluated the clinical survival outcomes among peripartum and postmenopausal women with PLC.AIM To investigate whether peripartum and postmenopausal women with PLC have lower overall survival rates compared with women who were not peripartum and postmenopausal.METHODS The Taiwan National Health Insurance claims data from 2000 to 2012 was used for this propensity-score-matched study.A cohort of 40 peripartum women with PLC and a reference cohort of 160 women without peripartum were enrolled.In the women with PLC with/without menopause study,a study cohort of 10752 menopausal females with PLC and a comparison cohort of 2688 women without menopause were enrolled.RESULTS Patients with peripartum PLC had a non-significant risk of death compared with the non-peripartum cohort[adjusted hazard ratios(aHR)=1.40,95%confidence intervals(CI):0.89-2.20,P=0.149].The survival rate at different follow-up durations between peripartum PLC patients and those in the non-peripartum cohort showed a non-significant difference.Patients who were diagnosed with PLC younger than 50 years old(without menopause)had a significant lower risk of death compared with patients diagnosed with PLC at or older than 50 years(postmenopausal)(aHR=0.64,95%CI:0.61-0.68,P<0.001).The survival rate of women<50 years with PLC was significantly higher than older women with PLC when followed for 0.5(72.44%vs 64.16%),1(60.57%vs 51.66%),3(42.92%vs 31.28%),and 5 year(s)(37.02%vs 21.83%),respectively(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Peripartum females with PLC have no difference in survival rates compared with those patients without peripartum.Menopausal females with PLC have worse survival rates compared with those patients without menopause.
文摘Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia are chronic and uncurable conditions that invariably lead to an increased risk of vertebral, hip, and femoral neck fracture if left untreated. Clinical guidelines establish, in general, pharmacological combinations allied to lifestyle changes as the mainstay of their management, and also increasing bone marrow density, lowering fracture risk, and improving quality of life are their main therapeutic goals. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the available data in the scientific medical literature regarding the role of the ibandronate and cholecalciferol combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia management. Based on our results, we concluded that the above combination is safe and feasible for the clinical control of both conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.30630058 and 30571725)the Xi'an Municipal Science and Technology Research Project Fund (No.GG06152)the Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Project Fund (No.2007K14-01),China
文摘Objective： To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases （eNOS） G894T and 27 bpvariable number tandem repeat （VNTR） gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of Chinese Han nationality. Methods： In the present study, 281 postmenopausal women from Xi＇an urban area in West China were recruited, and divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis proposed by World Health Organization （WHO）. The bone mineral density （BMD） values of lumbar vertebrae and left hips were determined by QDR-2000 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were tested for plasma biochemical indicators including testosterone, estradiol, calcitonin, osteocalcin, and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase by spectrophotometric method, and the content of nitric oxide by Griess method. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood, and G894T polymorphism of eNOS gene was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method and 27 bp-VNTR polymorphism of eNOS gene was genotyped by PCR method. Then the relationships between genotypes and biochemical indicators, genotypes and osteoporosis, and haplotypes and osteoporosis were analyzed. Results： The average BMD values of the femoral neck, ward＇s triangle and lumbar vertebrae 1-4 （LI-L4） in the subjects with T/T genotype in eNOS G894T locus were significantly higher than those in the subjects with G/T and G/G genotypes （P〈0.05）. The average BMD of the femoral neck in the subjects with a/a genotype of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR locus was evidently higher than that in the subjects with b/b genotype （P〈0.05）. The plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations in the subjects of eNOS G894T G/T genotype were evidently higher than those in the subjects of other genotypes （P〈0.05）; the plasma estradiol concentration in the subjects of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype was obviously higher than that in the subjects of b/b genotype （P〈0.01）. eNOS G/G homozygous frequencies in osteoporosis women, osteopenia women, and normal women were 85.37%, 76.38%, and 83.87%, respectively （P〉0.05）. 0% osteoporosis woman, 0.79% osteopenia women, and 3.23% normal women were eNOS a/a homozygous （P〈0.05）. The frequencies of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a allele were 5.33% in the osteoporosis group, 10.24% in the osteopenia group, and 16.13% in the normal group （P〈0.05, odds ratio （OR）=0.29, 95% confidence interval （CI）=0.11-0.77）, suggesting that a/a genotype and a allele might have protective effects on osteoporosis. The haplotype analysis showed that G-b was 87.7% （214/244） in the osteoporosis group （P〈0.05, OR=2.48, 95% CI=1. 18-5.18）. G-a was 5.3% （13/244） in the osteoporosis group （P〈0.05, OR=0.29, 95% CI=0. 11-0.77）. G-b was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and G-a a protective factor. Conclusion： eNOS G894T G/T genotype influenced the plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations, and T/T genotype influenced BMD. eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype increased plasma estradiol concentration to have a protective effect on osteoporosis.
基金Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College(No.2021byyfyyq04),China.
文摘Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a kind of degenerative disease,also described as“invisible killer.”Estrogen is generally considered as the key hormone for women to maintain bone mineral content during their lives.Iron accumulation refers to a state of human serum ferritin that is higher than the normal value but less than 1000μg/L.It has been found that iron accumulation and osteoporosis could occur simultaneously with the decrease in estrogen level after menopause.In recent years,many studies indicated that iron accumulation plays a vital role in postmenopausal osteoporosis,and a significant correlation has been found between iron accumulation and fragility fractures.In this review,we summarize and analyze the relevant literature including randomized controlled trials,systematic reviews,and meta-analyses between January 1996 and July 2022.We investigate the mechanism of the effect of iron accumulation on bone metabolism and discuss the relationship of iron accumulation,osteoporosis,and postmenopausal fragility fractures,as well as the main clinical treatment strategies.We conclude that it is necessary to pay attention to the phenomenon of iron accumulation in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and explore the in-depth mechanism of abnormal bone metabolism caused by iron accumulation,in order to facilitate the discovery of effective therapeutic targets for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 990475), the Post-doctoral Programs Funds of China(No.1999-26), the Funds of TCM in Guangdong Province (No. 99580)
文摘Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Yigu capsule (益骨胶囊, YGC), a Chinese herbal compound preparation, in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: The clinical study was conducted in a prospective, randomized, double blinded method lasting for 6 months with placebo and positive control. Two hundred and ten PMO patients with confirmed diagnosis were assigned into the YGC group, the calciferol group and the placebo group. Besides being administered element calcium, they were treated with YGC, calciferol capsule and placebo capsule respectively. And such symptoms as newly found fracture and ostealgia, bone mineral density (BMD) of the 2nd-4th lumbar vertebrae (L_ 2-4 ) and upper femur, blood and urinary indexes for bone metabolism, sex hormone level and adverse reaction that occurred in patients were observed.Results: In the YGC group, the total effective rate was 95.50%, with no new occurrence of fractures, which was significantly better than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). Moreover, in the YGC group,the increase rate of BMD was 9.83% in L_ 2-4 , 4.09% in femoral neck, 4.60% in Wards triangle, 3.00% in greater trochanter, which was also better than that in the placebo group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the placebo group, levels in the YGC group of urinary oxyproline hydroxyproline/creatinine, urinary calcium/creatinine were significantly lower, serum and bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, estradiol and estradiol/testosterone were significantly higher, but no difference was shown in the comparison of testosterone level. In the observation period, no abnormality in blood or urine routine, liver or renal function was found. Only mild, transient gastro-intestinal response occurred in individual patients, but it did not affect the treatment. Conclusion: YGC could treat PMO effectively, as it could obviously increase the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and coxafemoral bone, elevate the alleviating rate of ostealgia and incessant motion time, yet causing no newly found compressive fracture of vertebrae, or and any related adverse reaction. YGC could not only promote the formation, but also inhibit the absorption of bone as well as increase the sex hormone level. Therefore, it is a pure Chinese herbal compound preparation worthy of further research and development.
文摘OBJECTIVE： Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. ＆ Wendl. （Solanaceae） is present in many Ayurveda compound formulations including Chavanaprasha and Dasamoolarishta. The whole plant is used in conditions such as inflammation, constipation and promoting conception in females. In the present study, we carried out different tests to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Solanum xanthocarpum （SXE） in postmenopausal syndrome. METHODS： The study was carried out in bilaterally ovariectomized one-month-old Wistar rats （40-50 g）. Bilaterally ovariectomized （OVX） Wistar rats were divided into four groups （n=6） receiving different treatments, consisting of a vehicle （distilled water）, aqueous extract of Solanum xanthocarpum at two different doses （200 and 400 mg/kg） administered orally daily for 90 d and standard drug β estradiol at a dose of 1 mg/kg administered subcutaneously biweekly for 90 d. Estrogenic activity was assessed by vaginal cornification, sexual behavior, serum estradiol and uterine weight to body weight ratio. Antiosteoporotic activity was assessed on the basis of biomechanical and biochemical parameters followed by histopathological studies, and antidepressant activity was assessed by forced swim test. RESULTS： SXE showed presence of steroids. At the dose of 200 mg/kg, it significantly improved all the parameters of sexual behavior （P〈0.01）, caused vaginal cornification, and increased serum estradiol and uterine weight （P〈0.01）. It also significantly improved all the parameters of bone strength as well as depression （P〈0.01）. Histopathology of bones confirmed the above findings. CONCLUSION： The study indicated that SXE may provide an effective treatment in the prevention of postmenopausal symptoms.
文摘Objective:This post-approval safety study assessed the efficacy and safety of exemestane after 2-3 years of tamoxifen treatment among postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive(ER+)early breast cancer in China.Methods:Enrolled patients had received 2-3 years of tamoxifen and were then switched to exemestane for completion of 5 consecutive years of adjuvant endocrine therapy.The primary endpoint was the time from enrollment to the first occurrence of locoregional/distant recurrence of the primary breast cancer,appearance of a second primary or contralateral breast cancer,or death due to any cause.Other endpoints included the proportion of patients experiencing each event,incidence rate per annum,relationships between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and time to event,and relationship between disease history variables and time to event.Results:Overall,558 patients were included in the full analysis set:397(71.1%)completed the study,20experienced an event,and 141 discontinued[47 owing to an adverse event(AE);37 no longer willing to participate].Median duration of treatment was 29.5(range,0.1-57.7)months.Median time to event was not reached.Eventfree survival probability at 36 months was 91.4%(95%CI,87.7%-95.1%).The event incidence over the total exposure time of exemestane therapy was 3.5 events/100 person-years(20/565).Multivariate analysis showed an association between tumor,lymph node,and metastasis stage at initial diagnosis and time to event[hazard ratio:1.532(95%CI,1.129-2.080);P=0.006].Most AEs were grade 1 or 2 in severity,with arthralgia(7.7%)being the most common treatment-related AE.Conclusions:This study supports the efficacy and safety of exemestane in postmenopausal Chinese women with ER+breast cancer previously treated with adjuvant tamoxifen for 2-3 years.No new safety signals were identified in the Chinese population.
文摘Objective： To demonstrate the validity and reliability of volumetric quantitative computed tomography （vQCT） with multi-slice computed tomography （MSCT） and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） for hip bone mineral density （BMD） measurements, and to compare the differences between the two techniques in discriminating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures from those without. Methods： Ninety subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the BMD values of the lumbar spine and/or the femoral neck by DXA. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of postmenopausal women with BMD changes 〈-2SD, with and without radiographically confirmed vertebral fracture （n= 11 and 33, respectively）. Group 3 comprised normal controls with BMD changes 〉-ISD （n-46）. Post-MSCT （GE, LightSpeed16） scan reconstructed images of the abdominal-pelvic region, 1.25 mm thick per slice, were processed by OsteoCAD software to calculate the following parameters： volumetric BMD values of trabecular bone （TRAB）, cortical bone （CORT）, and integral bone （INTGL） of the left femoral neck, femoral neck axis length （NAL）, and minimum cross-section area （mCSA）. DXA BMD measurements of the lumbar spine （AP-SPINE） and the left femoral neck （NECK） also were performed for each subject. Results： The values of all seven parameters were significantly lower in subjects of Groups 1 and 2 than in normal postmenopausal women （P〈0.05, respectively）. Comparing Groups 1 and 2, 3D-TRAB and 3D-INTGL were significantly lower in postmenopausal women with vertebral fracture（s） [（109.8±9.61） and （243.3±33.0） mg/cm^3, respectively] than in those without [（148.9±7.47） and （285.4±17.8） mg/cm^3, respectively] （P〈0.05, respectively）, but no significant differences were evident in AP-SPINE or NECK BMD. Conclusion： the femoral neck-derived volumetric BMD parameters using vQCT appeared better than the DXA-derived ones in discriminating osteoporotic postmenopausal women with vertebral fractures from those without, vQCT might be useful to evaluate the effect of osteoporotic vertebral fracture status on changes in bone mass in the femoral neck.
基金supported by Grant 81570806 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.
文摘Summary： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of risedronate sodium in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, one-year randomized, double blind clinical trial was performed among 54 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The changes were compared in bone mineral density （BMD）, bone metabolism markers and adverse events after 12 months oral administration of risedronate sodium. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry （DEXA） and bone turnover marker was detected. The results showed that there was a significant increase in BMD of the lumbar spine （3.29 %±41.18 %, 4.51%±1.64 % respectively） after 6 and 12 months in the risedronate treatment group versus placebo control group （-0.62 %±0.24 %, 0.48 %±0. 18 % respectively）. Bone turnover was decreased to a stable nadir over 6 and 12 months for resorption markers [N-Telopeptide （NTx）, P〈0.05] and over 12 months for formation marker （ALP, P〈0.05; BGP, P〈0. 05）. The safety profile of risedronate sodium was similar to that of placebo. There were no trends toward increased frequency of any adverse experience except for gastrointestinal symptoms （7.1%）, rash （7.1%） and hematuria （3.6 %）, which were usually mild, transient, and resolved with continued treatment. It was concluded that risedronate was an efficacious and safe drug in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
文摘 According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……
