BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a major health concern in Thailand,with most patients diagnosed at the intermediate stage.Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the standard treatment;however,postembolizat...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a major health concern in Thailand,with most patients diagnosed at the intermediate stage.Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the standard treatment;however,postembolization syndrome(PES)remains a common complication.Although both dexamethasone(DEXA)and N-acetylcysteine(NAC)have shown efficacy in reducing PES,no study has directly compared their effects.AIM To compare the incidence of PES between DEXA and NAC in intermediate-stage HCC patients undergoing conventional TACE(cTACE).METHODS A randomized,double-blind,controlled trial was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Thailand from November 2024 to April 2025.Eligible HCC patients(aged 18-70 years)were randomized(1:1)to receive either NAC(150 mg/kg/hour loading dose,followed by 50 mg/kg over 4 hours,then 6.25 mg/kg/hour for 48 hours post-cTACE)or DEXA(8 mg IV 1 hour before cTACE).cTACE was performed by blinded interventional radiologists.The primary outcome was PES occurrence within 48 hours,assessed using South West Oncology Group toxicity coding and the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.The secondary outcomes were post-cTACE liver decompensation and the dynamic changes in the albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score.RESULTS A total of 56 intermediate-stage HCC patients were included(DEXA,n=28;NAC,n=28).Most had preserved liver function,with 92.9%classified as Child-Pugh A.The maximum tumor size was 6.2 cm,and 85.7%had multiple lesions.Additionally,39 patients(69.6%)met the beyond up-to-7 criteria.Overall,27 patients(48.2%)developed PES.After adjusting for confounding factors,the NAC group had a significantly lower incidence of PES than the DEXA group(32.1%vs 64.3%;adjusted odds ratio=0.17,95%confidence interval:0.03-0.87,P=0.033).Only two patients(3.6%)developed post-cTACE liver decompensation.Furthermore,51.8%patients experienced worsening ALBI scores within 48 hours post-procedure;however,the rate of ALBI score worsening did not significantly differ between the groups.CONCLUSION Compared with DEXA,NAC significantly reduces the incidence of PES,regardless of its impact on liver function recovery.Therefore,NAC is a preferable option for reducing PES in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer-B stage HCC patients with preserved liver function.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable liver cancer;however,TACE is associated with postembolization pain.AIM To analyze the risk factors for acute a...BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable liver cancer;however,TACE is associated with postembolization pain.AIM To analyze the risk factors for acute abdominal pain after TACE and establish a predictive model for postembolization pain.METHODS From January 2018 to September 2018,all patients with liver cancer who underwent TACE at our hospital were included.General characteristics;clinical,imaging,and procedural data;and postembolization pain were analyzed.Postembolization pain was defined as acute moderate-to-severe abdominal pain within 24 h after TACE.Logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were used to develop a predictive model.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to examine the efficacy of the predictive model.RESULTS We analyzed 522 patients who underwent a total of 582 TACE procedures.Ninety-seven(16.70%)episodes of severe pain occurred.A predictive model built based on the dataset from classification and regression tree analysis identified known invasion of blood vessels as the strongest predictor of subsequent performance,followed by history of TACE,method of TACE,and history of abdominal pain after TACE.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.736[95%confidence interval(CI):0.682-0.789],the sensitivity was 73.2%,the specificity was 65.6%,and the negative predictive value was 92.4%.Logistic regression produced similar results by identifying age[odds ratio(OR)=0.971;95%CI:0.951-0.992;P=0.007),history of TACE(OR=0.378;95%CI:0.189-0.757;P=0.007),history of abdominal pain after TACE(OR=6.288;95%CI:2.963-13.342;P<0.001),tumor size(OR=1.978;95%CI:1.175-3.330;P=0.01),multiple tumors(OR=2.164;95%CI:1.243-3.769;P=0.006),invasion of blood vessels(OR=1.756;95%CI:1.045-2.950;P=0.034),and TACE with drug-eluting beads(DEBTACE)(OR=2.05;95%CI:1.260-3.334;P=0.004)as independent predictive factors for postembolization pain.CONCLUSION Blood vessel invasion,TACE history,TACE with drug-eluting beads,and history of abdominal pain after TACE are predictors of acute moderate-to-severe pain.The predictive model may help medical staff to manage pain.展开更多
BACKGROUND Even in the immuno-oncology era,transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation(TACE)is the most effective way to treat intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Postembolisation syndrome(PES)is the most co...BACKGROUND Even in the immuno-oncology era,transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation(TACE)is the most effective way to treat intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Postembolisation syndrome(PES)is the most common side effect from TACE and there is still no standard prevention guideline.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of single dose intravenous dexamethasone regimen to prevent PES after TACE among patients with HCC.METHODS This study enrolled patients with HCC who had eligible indication for TACE without macrovascular invasion/extrahepatic metastasis.Patients were randomly assigned to either an intravenous single dose of dexamethasone 8 mg or placebo one hour before TACE.The primary outcome was a negative result of PES at 48 h after TACE,which was defined as score<2 of Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding criteria using fever,nausea,vomiting and pain to calculated.And the secondary end point was duration of admission between two groups.RESULTS One hundred patients were randomly assigned 1:1.Under intention-to-treat analysis,49 patients were randomly assigned to the dexamethasone and 51 to the placebo groups.Both groups were similar for baseline characteristics.The negative PES rate was significantly higher in the dexamethasone group than in the placebo group(63.3%vs 29.4%;P=0.005).Mean Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding PES was 2.14(95%CI:1.41-2.8)vs 3.71(95%CI:2.97-4.45)between the dexamethasone and placebo groups,respectively.Cumulative incidence of fever was significantly lower in dexamethasone group with P<0.001,pain,nausea and vomiting were also lower in the dexamethasone group compared with the placebo group(P=0.16,P=0.11,and P=0.49).The dexamethasone regimen was generally well tolerated by patients with HCC patients including those with hepatitis B virus infection and well-controlled diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION Single dose dexamethasone was effective at preventing PES among patients with HCC treated with TACE.The study showed no adverse events of special interest related to dexamethasone.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection （PEI） in the adjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） by primary end point...Objective： To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection （PEI） in the adjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） by primary end points of time to progress （TTP）. Methods： The study population consisted of 73 consecutive patients with inoperable HCC （China Classification System IIN liB）. Among them, 22 patients were treated with TACE and PEI （experimental group）, and the rest 51 were treated only with TACE （control group）, and then the time to progress （TTP） and overall survival （OS） of these two groups were analyzed. Results： The median TTP was 10 months [95% confidence interval （CI）, 7.9-12.1 months] in experimental group and 6 months （95% CI, 4.7-7.3 months） in control group. The 3-month,6-month, and 1-year Progression Free Survival （PFS） rates were respectively 77.3%, 63.6%, and 48.1% in experimental group, and 76.5%, 42.15%, and 24.8% in control group. The TTP of experimental group was significantly longer than that of control group （P 〈 0.05）. The median survival period was 17 months [95% confidence interval （CI）, 11-23 months] of experimental group and 12 months （95% CI, 10-14 months） of control group （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with single TACE, the combination of TACE and PEI can obviously postpone disease progress and prolong survival of HCC patients.展开更多
基金Supported by Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital,Navamindradhiraj University Research Fund,No.1-67.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a major health concern in Thailand,with most patients diagnosed at the intermediate stage.Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the standard treatment;however,postembolization syndrome(PES)remains a common complication.Although both dexamethasone(DEXA)and N-acetylcysteine(NAC)have shown efficacy in reducing PES,no study has directly compared their effects.AIM To compare the incidence of PES between DEXA and NAC in intermediate-stage HCC patients undergoing conventional TACE(cTACE).METHODS A randomized,double-blind,controlled trial was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Thailand from November 2024 to April 2025.Eligible HCC patients(aged 18-70 years)were randomized(1:1)to receive either NAC(150 mg/kg/hour loading dose,followed by 50 mg/kg over 4 hours,then 6.25 mg/kg/hour for 48 hours post-cTACE)or DEXA(8 mg IV 1 hour before cTACE).cTACE was performed by blinded interventional radiologists.The primary outcome was PES occurrence within 48 hours,assessed using South West Oncology Group toxicity coding and the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.The secondary outcomes were post-cTACE liver decompensation and the dynamic changes in the albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score.RESULTS A total of 56 intermediate-stage HCC patients were included(DEXA,n=28;NAC,n=28).Most had preserved liver function,with 92.9%classified as Child-Pugh A.The maximum tumor size was 6.2 cm,and 85.7%had multiple lesions.Additionally,39 patients(69.6%)met the beyond up-to-7 criteria.Overall,27 patients(48.2%)developed PES.After adjusting for confounding factors,the NAC group had a significantly lower incidence of PES than the DEXA group(32.1%vs 64.3%;adjusted odds ratio=0.17,95%confidence interval:0.03-0.87,P=0.033).Only two patients(3.6%)developed post-cTACE liver decompensation.Furthermore,51.8%patients experienced worsening ALBI scores within 48 hours post-procedure;however,the rate of ALBI score worsening did not significantly differ between the groups.CONCLUSION Compared with DEXA,NAC significantly reduces the incidence of PES,regardless of its impact on liver function recovery.Therefore,NAC is a preferable option for reducing PES in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer-B stage HCC patients with preserved liver function.
基金Supported by Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission,China,No.2020372769.
文摘BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable liver cancer;however,TACE is associated with postembolization pain.AIM To analyze the risk factors for acute abdominal pain after TACE and establish a predictive model for postembolization pain.METHODS From January 2018 to September 2018,all patients with liver cancer who underwent TACE at our hospital were included.General characteristics;clinical,imaging,and procedural data;and postembolization pain were analyzed.Postembolization pain was defined as acute moderate-to-severe abdominal pain within 24 h after TACE.Logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were used to develop a predictive model.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to examine the efficacy of the predictive model.RESULTS We analyzed 522 patients who underwent a total of 582 TACE procedures.Ninety-seven(16.70%)episodes of severe pain occurred.A predictive model built based on the dataset from classification and regression tree analysis identified known invasion of blood vessels as the strongest predictor of subsequent performance,followed by history of TACE,method of TACE,and history of abdominal pain after TACE.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.736[95%confidence interval(CI):0.682-0.789],the sensitivity was 73.2%,the specificity was 65.6%,and the negative predictive value was 92.4%.Logistic regression produced similar results by identifying age[odds ratio(OR)=0.971;95%CI:0.951-0.992;P=0.007),history of TACE(OR=0.378;95%CI:0.189-0.757;P=0.007),history of abdominal pain after TACE(OR=6.288;95%CI:2.963-13.342;P<0.001),tumor size(OR=1.978;95%CI:1.175-3.330;P=0.01),multiple tumors(OR=2.164;95%CI:1.243-3.769;P=0.006),invasion of blood vessels(OR=1.756;95%CI:1.045-2.950;P=0.034),and TACE with drug-eluting beads(DEBTACE)(OR=2.05;95%CI:1.260-3.334;P=0.004)as independent predictive factors for postembolization pain.CONCLUSION Blood vessel invasion,TACE history,TACE with drug-eluting beads,and history of abdominal pain after TACE are predictors of acute moderate-to-severe pain.The predictive model may help medical staff to manage pain.
文摘BACKGROUND Even in the immuno-oncology era,transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation(TACE)is the most effective way to treat intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Postembolisation syndrome(PES)is the most common side effect from TACE and there is still no standard prevention guideline.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of single dose intravenous dexamethasone regimen to prevent PES after TACE among patients with HCC.METHODS This study enrolled patients with HCC who had eligible indication for TACE without macrovascular invasion/extrahepatic metastasis.Patients were randomly assigned to either an intravenous single dose of dexamethasone 8 mg or placebo one hour before TACE.The primary outcome was a negative result of PES at 48 h after TACE,which was defined as score<2 of Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding criteria using fever,nausea,vomiting and pain to calculated.And the secondary end point was duration of admission between two groups.RESULTS One hundred patients were randomly assigned 1:1.Under intention-to-treat analysis,49 patients were randomly assigned to the dexamethasone and 51 to the placebo groups.Both groups were similar for baseline characteristics.The negative PES rate was significantly higher in the dexamethasone group than in the placebo group(63.3%vs 29.4%;P=0.005).Mean Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding PES was 2.14(95%CI:1.41-2.8)vs 3.71(95%CI:2.97-4.45)between the dexamethasone and placebo groups,respectively.Cumulative incidence of fever was significantly lower in dexamethasone group with P<0.001,pain,nausea and vomiting were also lower in the dexamethasone group compared with the placebo group(P=0.16,P=0.11,and P=0.49).The dexamethasone regimen was generally well tolerated by patients with HCC patients including those with hepatitis B virus infection and well-controlled diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION Single dose dexamethasone was effective at preventing PES among patients with HCC treated with TACE.The study showed no adverse events of special interest related to dexamethasone.
文摘Objective： To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection （PEI） in the adjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） by primary end points of time to progress （TTP）. Methods： The study population consisted of 73 consecutive patients with inoperable HCC （China Classification System IIN liB）. Among them, 22 patients were treated with TACE and PEI （experimental group）, and the rest 51 were treated only with TACE （control group）, and then the time to progress （TTP） and overall survival （OS） of these two groups were analyzed. Results： The median TTP was 10 months [95% confidence interval （CI）, 7.9-12.1 months] in experimental group and 6 months （95% CI, 4.7-7.3 months） in control group. The 3-month,6-month, and 1-year Progression Free Survival （PFS） rates were respectively 77.3%, 63.6%, and 48.1% in experimental group, and 76.5%, 42.15%, and 24.8% in control group. The TTP of experimental group was significantly longer than that of control group （P 〈 0.05）. The median survival period was 17 months [95% confidence interval （CI）, 11-23 months] of experimental group and 12 months （95% CI, 10-14 months） of control group （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Compared with single TACE, the combination of TACE and PEI can obviously postpone disease progress and prolong survival of HCC patients.
