Background: The species–area relationship is one of the best documented patterns in community ecology.Factors influencing species–area relationship are still not well understood.Since the proposal of the equilibrium...Background: The species–area relationship is one of the best documented patterns in community ecology.Factors influencing species–area relationship are still not well understood.Since the proposal of the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, many studies have tested the effects of area and isolation, estimating effects of disturbance and patch age were scarce and should also be important bearing.Methods: We investigated summer waterbird species richness in 38 post?mining subsidence lakes in Huainan and Fuyang, Anhui, China, May 25–June 12, 2016.We examined the effects of lake area, isolation(distance to natural water bodies), aquaculture disturbance, lake age and lake state(still sinking or not sinking) on summer waterbird species richness with multivariable linear regression method and model selection method.Results: Our results from multivariable linear regression and model selection were consistent, which showed that species richness was positively related with lake area and negatively related with isolation.Aquaculture disturbance negatively influenced species richness.Highest species richness were found in lakes under intermediate intensity of aquaculture activities with area less than 100 ha and lakes under low intensity of aquaculture activities with area greater than 100 ha.Lake age and lake state had no significant effects on species richness.Conclusions: Species richness was most related with lake area, aquaculture disturbance, and isolation, with lake area had a positive effect, while aquaculture activities and isolation had a negative effect.What's more, aquaculture activi?ties significantly changed the slope of species–area relationship and might impede us finding a relationship between species richness and lake age.展开更多
Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the ...Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the Peace River as a source of drinking water for four coastal counties in Southwest Florida and problems of water security, the debate has been intensified. It is possible to assess relationships of mining with streamflow in the upper reaches of the Peace River Basin using hydrologic modeling and identify mined sub-basins. In this work, land-use change impacts were simulated by the Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran （HSPF） model based on geographical information system （GIS） tools, to compare pre- and post-mining streamflows at a study site of the Peace River in west-central Florida. The purpose of this study was to determine if land-use changes caused by mining have negatively impacted streamflow in the Peace River. Changes of land use were identified before and after mining activities. A coupled volume-water depth-discharge （V-h-Q） model based on stage/storage and stage/discharge was applied using HSPF for the pre-mining and post-mining models, respectively. Daily simulated post-mining hydrographs from HSPF were plotted with the calibrated pre-mining results and streamflow hydrographs from the 18 gauging stations, to compare timing of peaks, low fows and flow trends. Analyses of percent ex- ceedances of flow frequency curves of the streams indicated that most streams had similar distributions for mined （reclaimed） and pre- mining periods. In the streamflow change analysis, streamflows actually increased in mining-affected basins at nearly half the stations. Streamflows at other stations diminished. Overall from this comprehensive study, there were declines in streamflow at most gauging stations on the mainstem of the Peace River and its tributaries. The results of this study suggest that regional planning is urgently needed to propose reclamation schemes that enhance regional hydrology.展开更多
Feldspar mine may cause environmental problem.Post-mining lake water pollute the environment because it has a low pH containing heavy metals such as aluminium(Al).The research objective was to analyze the effectivenes...Feldspar mine may cause environmental problem.Post-mining lake water pollute the environment because it has a low pH containing heavy metals such as aluminium(Al).The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of water quality changes using Eichorniasp and Thypaangustifolia plants with organic substrates,and to analyze the results of water quality management based on wastewater quality standards.The results showed that the treatment using water from pit lake+material pit lake+clumps of Thypaangustifolia+organic substrate was declared effective in increasing pH and reducing TSS and dissolved metals at 15 days of treatment,indicated by a pH value of 6.7-7.04,a TSS value of 1,710 mg/l to 108 mg/l,and decreased grade Al from 233.0975 mg/l to 190.77 mg/l.The quality standard for Al dissolved metal management has not reached the waste water quality standard,while the results of pH and TSS management are in accordance with the quality standards stipulated with the provisions concerning the wastewater quality standard.展开更多
Generally,the morphology of the post-mining area is steep slopes.Based on geotechnical considerations,the area is no longer allowed for mining areas,because the potential for landslides is very high.The development of...Generally,the morphology of the post-mining area is steep slopes.Based on geotechnical considerations,the area is no longer allowed for mining areas,because the potential for landslides is very high.The development of the natural potential of the post-mining area in the research area is a geotourism area in the form of outcrops of pumice breccias and karst areas.The positive impact on society is the opportunity to get a job or business opportunity in providing services.Geotourism is a sustainable nature tourism activity with a main focus on the geological appearance of the earth’s surface in order to encourage environmental and cultural understanding,appreciation and conservation as well as local wisdom.The concept of geotourism emphasizes the beauty,uniqueness and rarity of a natural phenomenon that is closely related to geological phenomena.The results of the study indicate the potential for geotourism that includes views of geological structures,stratigraphy,topography,rock types.Regional planning of geotourism is the making of a grand design for geotourism facilities and infrastructure,including a rock museum in the open air,gazebo,jogging track,hiking track,bicycle track,camping area,and viewpoint.展开更多
The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to inv...The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.展开更多
Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact ...Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact on the change of ecosystem.The primary goal of this study is to determine the impacts of LULC changes on ecosystem service values(ESVs)in the upper Gilgel Abbay watershed,Ethiopia.Changes in LULC types were studied using three Landsat images representing 1986,2003,and 2021.The Landsat images were classified using a supervised image classification technique in Earth Resources Data Analysis System(ERDAS)Imagine 2014.We classified ESs in this study into four categories(including provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services)based on global ES classification scheme.The adjusted ESV coefficient benefit approach was employed to measure the impacts of LULC changes on ESVs.Five LULC types were identified in this study,including cultivated land,forest,shrubland,grassland,and water body.The result revealed that the area of cultivated land accounted for 64.50%,71.50%,and 61.50%of the total area in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.The percentage of the total area covered by forest was 9.50%,5.90%,and 14.80%in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.Result revealed that the total ESV decreased from 7.42×10^(7) to 6.44×10^(7) USD between 1986 and 2003.This is due to the expansion of cultivated land at the expense of forest and shrubland.However,the total ESV increased from 6.44×10^(7) to 7.76×10^(7) USD during 2003-2021,because of the increment of forest and shrubland.The expansion of cultivated land and the reductions of forest and shrubland reduced most individual ESs during 1986-2003.Nevertheless,the increase in forest and shrubland at the expense of cultivated land enhanced many ESs during 2003-2021.Therefore,the findings suggest that appropriate land use practices should be scaled-up to sustainably maintain ESs.展开更多
Quantifying and mapping how ecosystem services impact agricultural competitiveness is crucial for attaining the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations.However,few study quantified agricultural competitiveness...Quantifying and mapping how ecosystem services impact agricultural competitiveness is crucial for attaining the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations.However,few study quantified agricultural competitiveness and mapped the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness using multiple models.In this study,multi-source data from 2000 to 2020 were utilized to establish the indicator system of agricultural competitiveness;five ecosystem services were quantified using computation models;Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis was used to explore the spatial patterns of agricultural competitiveness and ecosystem services;geographic detector models were applied to investigate the effects and driving mechanisms of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.Shandong Province of China was selected as the case study area.The results demonstrated that:1)there was a significant increase in agricultural competitiveness during the study period,with high levels observed mainly in the east region of the study area.2)The spatial distribution patterns of ecosystem services and agricultural competitiveness primarily exhibited High-High and Low-Low Cluster types.3)Habitat quality emerged as the main driving factor of agricultural competitiveness in 2000 and 2020,while water yield played a substantial role in 2010.4)The coupling of two ecosystem services exerted a greater effect on agricultural competitiveness compared to individual ecosystem service.The innovations of this study are constructing an indicator system to quantify agricultural competitiveness,and exploring the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.This study proposed an indicator system to quantify agricultural competitiveness,which can be applied in other regions,and explored the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.The findings of this study can serve as valuable insights for policymakers to formulate tailored agricultural development policies that take into account the synergistic effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.展开更多
The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)serves as a crucial ecological barrier in China and Asia,exerting profound influences on global climate and biodiversity conservation.Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter ref...The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)serves as a crucial ecological barrier in China and Asia,exerting profound influences on global climate and biodiversity conservation.Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred as Gannan Prefecture),located on the northeastern edge of the QXP,represents a fragile alpine ecosystem in which land use change significantly impacts ecosystem services(ESs).This study established a comprehensive framework,utilizing the Patch-generating Land-Use Simulation(PLUS)model coupled with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model to predict land use patterns under the natural development scenario,cultivated land protection scenario,and ecological protection scenario for Gannan Prefecture by 2030 and evaluated four critical ESs:habitat quality(HQ),water yield(WY),soil retention(SR),and carbon storage(CS).The primary aim is to elucidate the impacts of dynamic land use change on ESs.The results revealed that,from 2000 to 2020,HQ exhibited minimal variation,whereas CS experienced a slight decline.Conversely,WY and SR showed significant improvements.Under the natural development scenario,construction land was projected to increase by 4247.74 hm^(2),primarily at the expense of forest land.The cultivated land protection scenario anticipated an increase in farmland by 2634.36 hm^(2),which was crucial for maintaining food security.The ecological protection scenario predicted a notable expansion of forest land,accompanied by a restrained development rate of construction land.The ecological protection scenario also showed an increase in the ecosystem service index(ESI),encompassing 26.07%of the region.Forest land and grassland emerged as the primary contributors to ESs,while construction land substantially impacted WY.Water bodies exhibited minimal contribution to ESs.This study enhanced the understanding of land use change impacts on ESs in fragile and high-altitude ecosystems,offering essential theoretical frameworks and practical direction for forthcoming ecological policy and regional planning endeavors.展开更多
The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ec...The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.展开更多
Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satell...Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.展开更多
This study focuses on the assessment of ecosystem health(EH),ecosystem services(ES),and ecosystem risk(ER)in East Kolkata Wetland(EKW).A comprehensive framework on the EH,ES and ER has been developed using remote sesn...This study focuses on the assessment of ecosystem health(EH),ecosystem services(ES),and ecosystem risk(ER)in East Kolkata Wetland(EKW).A comprehensive framework on the EH,ES and ER has been developed using remote sesning and geo-spatial techniques for the year 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020.The study also assessed ecosystem structure and fragmentation using landscape metrics calculated using fragstats,which showed a significant influence of land use and land cover(LULC)changes on the wetland’s ecological integrity.The study revealed that 6.86% of EKW fallen under a very low EH zone,while 20% was categorized as having very high EH.Spatio-temporal analysis of ES indicated that 30%of the area had very low ES value,with only 8% exhibiting very high ES.ER assessment revealed that 7%of the study area was highly ER,while 12%identified within a high ER zone,reflecting frequent LULC changes.The correlation analysis highlighted strong negative relationships between landscape deviation degree(LDD)and EH(−0.971),and between normalized difference water index(NDWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)(−0.991).Additionally,landscape metrics such as the number of patches(NP)and the largest patch index(LPI)exhibited significant correlations,emphasizing the impact of fragmentation on EH and resilience.This comprehensive assessment underscores the importance of integrated approaches to monitor and manage wetland ecosystems,particularly in urban areas facing significant environmental stressors.The findings are crucial for informed decision-making and sustainable management of the wetland ecosystems,particularly in the cities of the global south.展开更多
Seasonal variation in phytoplankton composition influences the pathways and efficiency of energy flow,reshaping the structure of the trophic pyramid in the Ross Sea.However,field investigation of grazing processes pre...Seasonal variation in phytoplankton composition influences the pathways and efficiency of energy flow,reshaping the structure of the trophic pyramid in the Ross Sea.However,field investigation of grazing processes presents challenges that hinder our understanding of energy pathways.This study aims to provide insights into energy flow using a three-dimensional ecosystem model applied to the Ross Sea.By analyzing the simulation results,the role of the seasonal phytoplankton succession,specifically the shift from dominance by Phaeocystis antarctica to diatoms,in energy allocation is explored.The short-lived spring bloom of P.antarctica mainly fuels microzooplankton,creating a brief food chain where energy transfers primarily among smaller plankton.In contrast,the subsequent summer bloom of diatoms,which persists longer,provides nearly half of the total phytoplankton energy loss(via ingestion and mortality)to larger mesozooplankton.Our findings indicate that phytoplankton succession in the Ross Sea extends the bloom duration,particularly for diatoms,thereby facilitating energy transfer to higher trophic levels and improving overall energy utilization.This suggests that phytoplankton succession,an ecological strategy adapted to iron-deficient environments in the Ross Sea,explains why the colder region in front of the Ross Ice Shelf is significantly more productive than the northern areas,ultimately favored by top predators.展开更多
Ecosystem service flows(ESFs)can reveal the interrelationships and impacts between natural systems and human activities.We can improve the stability and sustainability of ecosystems,more effectively utilize natural re...Ecosystem service flows(ESFs)can reveal the interrelationships and impacts between natural systems and human activities.We can improve the stability and sustainability of ecosystems,more effectively utilize natural resources,protect the environment,and enhance the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature by comprehending ESFs.However,few studies have examined ESFs across scales and evaluated their sustainability;most have concentrated on regional scales.In order to quantify and analyze ESFs within the Jing River Basin(JRB)and between the JRB and the adjacent and distant regions from a water-food-energy perspective,this paper employs a meta-coupling framework.Additionally,it evaluates the sustainability of these flows using a techno-ecological synergy framework.The results show that the ESFs within the JRB was significant in 2020.Water production services were concentrated in the southern part of the JRB,while the distribution of food supply and carbon supply services was relatively even.Huan County emerged as the largest exporting county,providing 1.46×10^(8)kg of food to other counties and exporting 2.97×10^(6)kg of energy.The ESFs in the JRB primarily moved towards the neighboring and distant systems.Water production services flowed into the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration(GPUA),amounting to 5.8×10^(6)kg.Carbon supply services flowed out at 2.4×10^(5)kg,and food exports were the highest,reaching 5.0×10^(7)kg.The ecosystem service flows from the JRB to both the neighboring and distant systems enhanced food security and ecological resilience.The basin itself demonstrated good sustainability in food supply services,with an index value reaching 48.19.In crossscale calculations of food production sustainability with the adjacent GPUA,the index value increased from 48.19 to 52.99,indicating a significant improvement.These findings demonstrate that applying the meta-coupling framework provides an effective approach to quantify ESFs and assess their sustainability across scales.展开更多
Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these ...Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these services.This study introduces the Recreational and Aesthetic Values of Forested Landscapes(RAFL)index,a novel framework combining six measurable recreational and aesthetic components:Stewardship,Naturalness,Complexity,Visual Scale,Historicity,and Ephemera.The RAFL index was integrated into a Linear Programming(LP)Resource Capability Model(RCM)to assess trade-offs between CES and other ecosystem services,including timber production,wildfire resistance,and biodiversity.The approach was applied in a case study in Northern Portugal,comparing two forest management scenarios:Business as Usual(BAU),dominated by eucalyptus plantations,and an Alternative Scenario(ALT),focused on the conversion to native species:cork oak,chestnut,and pedunculate oak.Results revealed that the ALT scenario consistently achieved higher RAFL values,reflecting its potential to enhance CES,while also supporting higher biodiversity and wildfire resilience compared to the BAU scenario.Results highlighted further that management may maintain steady timber production and wildfire regulatory services while addressing concerns with CES.This study provides a replicable methodology for quantifying CES and integrating them into forest management frameworks,offering actionable insights for decision-makers.The findings highlight the effectiveness of the approach in designing landscape mosaics that provide CES while addressing the need to supply provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services.展开更多
Grasslands are among the largest terrestrial ecosystems,offering critical ecological,economic,and cultural services worldwide(Bardgett et al.2021;Wang et al.2022).However,they face unprecedented challenges due to clim...Grasslands are among the largest terrestrial ecosystems,offering critical ecological,economic,and cultural services worldwide(Bardgett et al.2021;Wang et al.2022).However,they face unprecedented challenges due to climate change,overgrazing,and land-use change,which threaten their biodiversity,carbon sequestration potential,and the human livelihoods they support(Zhou et al.2023;Straffelini et al.2024).Despite the implementation of various management strategies,gaps remain in understanding the intricate dynamics of grassland ecosystems,their key drivers,and the most effective adaptive management practices(Li et al.2022).展开更多
Soil health is defined as“the ability of the soil to sustain the productivity,diversity,and environmental services of terrestrial ecosystems”by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils of the FAO.This concept ...Soil health is defined as“the ability of the soil to sustain the productivity,diversity,and environmental services of terrestrial ecosystems”by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils of the FAO.This concept is increasingly being recognized as an actionable platform for diverse stakeholders in modern society.Despite the critical roles of soil in supporting agriculture,sustaining ecosystems,and mitigating climate change,soil health has long been undervalued and often overlooked.As we look to the future,prioritizing soil health is essential to ensuring food security,environmental sustainability,and the well-being of future generations.展开更多
Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both fres...Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both freshwater and marine organisms.The accumulation of micro-and nanoplastics in aquatic biota can lead to physical harm and chemical hazards,as these particles can serve as vectors for transporting toxic substances.As the research community strives to understand the transport and fate of micro-and nano-plastics,as well as their ecotoxicological implications,the scope of research questions continues to broaden.In response to these developments,the Journal of Oceanology and Limnology has recently launched a special issue entitled“Micro-and nano-plastics:an emerging contaminant in marine and freshwater ecosystems.”展开更多
Ecosystem services(ES)mapping and models have advanced in recent years.Improvements were made,and the assessments have transitioned from qualitative to quantitative.Although this is an important advancement,the ES map...Ecosystem services(ES)mapping and models have advanced in recent years.Improvements were made,and the assessments have transitioned from qualitative to quantitative.Although this is an important advancement,the ES mapping and modelling validation step has been overlooked,and this raises an important question in the credibility of the outcomes.This has been an important and unsolved issue in the ES research community that needs to be tackled.This highlight paper discusses the importance of validating single ES mapping and models.Conducting this using field or proximal/remote sensing raw data and not data from other models or stakeholder evaluation is important.A validation step should be mandatory in ES frameworks since it can assess the models’veracity,contribute to identifying the model’s weaknesses/strengths and ultimately represent a scientific advance in the field.This is easier to apply to the biophysical mapping and models of regulating and provisioning ES than to cultural ES,as the latter rely more on perception and cultural contexts.Also,ES supply models are easier to validate than demand and flow models.Robust and well-grounded models are essential for ensuring the reliability of individual ES maps and models and should be integrated into decision-making processes.Although several challenges arise related to the costs of data collection,in several cases prohibitive,and the time and the expertise needed to conduct this sampling and analysis,this is likely an imperative step that needs to be considered in the future.This will be beneficial in establishing ES research and improving decision-making and wellbeing.展开更多
Ecosystem degradation and the loss of ecosystem services stem from multiple causes,requiring coordinated and diverse policies,legislation,and institutional responses to effectively address them.An understanding of the...Ecosystem degradation and the loss of ecosystem services stem from multiple causes,requiring coordinated and diverse policies,legislation,and institutional responses to effectively address them.An understanding of the policies,legislation,and institutions governing ecosystem services can enhance the sustained management and provision of ecosystem services.Therefore,this work appraises the policies,legislation and institutional provisions made by the government of Nepal.In addition,this study analyzes policy implications and identifies gaps and barriers that hinder future improvements in the management of ecosystem services.Altogether,63 documents comprising 45 policies and 18 legislations promulgated by the government of Nepal have been assessed for content analysis.Twenty Key Informant Interviews(KIIs)have also been conducted to obtain expert insights about the gaps in policy formulation and implementation.The results indicate that though several sectoral policies and legislations have made provision on management of ecosystem and its services implicitly or explicitly,still there is lacking of overarching framework to deal with ecosystem services.Overlapping roles and responsibilities outlined in the constitution,policies,and legislation,coupled with weak enforcement and lack of multisectoral coordination mechanism,are significant obstacles to effective policy implementation.Therefore,there is a need to develop an overarching national framework backed up by legislation with a strong multisectoral coordination mechanism that will adopt a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the sustained management and provision of the ecosystem and its services.展开更多
Coastal tourism holds substantial development potential.However,coastal ecosystems are affected by tourism development,which limits the supply of ecosystem services(ES).This study aims to conduct a systematic literatu...Coastal tourism holds substantial development potential.However,coastal ecosystems are affected by tourism development,which limits the supply of ecosystem services(ES).This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the impacts of tourism on coastal and marine ES using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-alpha Methods.We initially identified 640 studies by searching titles,abstracts,and keywords.After screening,only 50 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review.The results showed a significant increase in publications between 2011 and 2023.Most studies were conducted in Europe,Asia,and North and Central America.The most used ES classifications were MEA and CICES.Most studies concentrated on the ES supply dimension(43 studies;86%).Cultural ES(47 studies;94%)were researched more than provisioning(28 studies;56%)and regulating&maintenance(29 studies;58%)sections.Regarding cultural ES,most studies were focused on“Physical and experiential interactions with the natural environment”(34 studies;68%)and on provisioning ES on“Wild animals(terrestrial and aquatic)for nutrition,materials or energy”(18 studies;36%).Quantitative and mixed methods were the most used in the reviewed studies.Most studies identified pressures from“Tourism,urbanisation,and population increase”(27 studies;54%)and focused on“Integrative/common management strategies”(20 studies;40%).Only a few of the studies’results have been validated by external data(10 studies;20%).This study provides an overview of the most assessed marine and coastal ES,where studies are needed with more comprehensive geographic coverage.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31472020)
文摘Background: The species–area relationship is one of the best documented patterns in community ecology.Factors influencing species–area relationship are still not well understood.Since the proposal of the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, many studies have tested the effects of area and isolation, estimating effects of disturbance and patch age were scarce and should also be important bearing.Methods: We investigated summer waterbird species richness in 38 post?mining subsidence lakes in Huainan and Fuyang, Anhui, China, May 25–June 12, 2016.We examined the effects of lake area, isolation(distance to natural water bodies), aquaculture disturbance, lake age and lake state(still sinking or not sinking) on summer waterbird species richness with multivariable linear regression method and model selection method.Results: Our results from multivariable linear regression and model selection were consistent, which showed that species richness was positively related with lake area and negatively related with isolation.Aquaculture disturbance negatively influenced species richness.Highest species richness were found in lakes under intermediate intensity of aquaculture activities with area less than 100 ha and lakes under low intensity of aquaculture activities with area greater than 100 ha.Lake age and lake state had no significant effects on species richness.Conclusions: Species richness was most related with lake area, aquaculture disturbance, and isolation, with lake area had a positive effect, while aquaculture activities and isolation had a negative effect.What's more, aquaculture activi?ties significantly changed the slope of species–area relationship and might impede us finding a relationship between species richness and lake age.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271004)Beijing Municipal Science &Technology New Star Project Funds(No.2010B046)
文摘Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the Peace River as a source of drinking water for four coastal counties in Southwest Florida and problems of water security, the debate has been intensified. It is possible to assess relationships of mining with streamflow in the upper reaches of the Peace River Basin using hydrologic modeling and identify mined sub-basins. In this work, land-use change impacts were simulated by the Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran （HSPF） model based on geographical information system （GIS） tools, to compare pre- and post-mining streamflows at a study site of the Peace River in west-central Florida. The purpose of this study was to determine if land-use changes caused by mining have negatively impacted streamflow in the Peace River. Changes of land use were identified before and after mining activities. A coupled volume-water depth-discharge （V-h-Q） model based on stage/storage and stage/discharge was applied using HSPF for the pre-mining and post-mining models, respectively. Daily simulated post-mining hydrographs from HSPF were plotted with the calibrated pre-mining results and streamflow hydrographs from the 18 gauging stations, to compare timing of peaks, low fows and flow trends. Analyses of percent ex- ceedances of flow frequency curves of the streams indicated that most streams had similar distributions for mined （reclaimed） and pre- mining periods. In the streamflow change analysis, streamflows actually increased in mining-affected basins at nearly half the stations. Streamflows at other stations diminished. Overall from this comprehensive study, there were declines in streamflow at most gauging stations on the mainstem of the Peace River and its tributaries. The results of this study suggest that regional planning is urgently needed to propose reclamation schemes that enhance regional hydrology.
文摘Feldspar mine may cause environmental problem.Post-mining lake water pollute the environment because it has a low pH containing heavy metals such as aluminium(Al).The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of water quality changes using Eichorniasp and Thypaangustifolia plants with organic substrates,and to analyze the results of water quality management based on wastewater quality standards.The results showed that the treatment using water from pit lake+material pit lake+clumps of Thypaangustifolia+organic substrate was declared effective in increasing pH and reducing TSS and dissolved metals at 15 days of treatment,indicated by a pH value of 6.7-7.04,a TSS value of 1,710 mg/l to 108 mg/l,and decreased grade Al from 233.0975 mg/l to 190.77 mg/l.The quality standard for Al dissolved metal management has not reached the waste water quality standard,while the results of pH and TSS management are in accordance with the quality standards stipulated with the provisions concerning the wastewater quality standard.
文摘Generally,the morphology of the post-mining area is steep slopes.Based on geotechnical considerations,the area is no longer allowed for mining areas,because the potential for landslides is very high.The development of the natural potential of the post-mining area in the research area is a geotourism area in the form of outcrops of pumice breccias and karst areas.The positive impact on society is the opportunity to get a job or business opportunity in providing services.Geotourism is a sustainable nature tourism activity with a main focus on the geological appearance of the earth’s surface in order to encourage environmental and cultural understanding,appreciation and conservation as well as local wisdom.The concept of geotourism emphasizes the beauty,uniqueness and rarity of a natural phenomenon that is closely related to geological phenomena.The results of the study indicate the potential for geotourism that includes views of geological structures,stratigraphy,topography,rock types.Regional planning of geotourism is the making of a grand design for geotourism facilities and infrastructure,including a rock museum in the open air,gazebo,jogging track,hiking track,bicycle track,camping area,and viewpoint.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41931293)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271275).
文摘The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.
文摘Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact on the change of ecosystem.The primary goal of this study is to determine the impacts of LULC changes on ecosystem service values(ESVs)in the upper Gilgel Abbay watershed,Ethiopia.Changes in LULC types were studied using three Landsat images representing 1986,2003,and 2021.The Landsat images were classified using a supervised image classification technique in Earth Resources Data Analysis System(ERDAS)Imagine 2014.We classified ESs in this study into four categories(including provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services)based on global ES classification scheme.The adjusted ESV coefficient benefit approach was employed to measure the impacts of LULC changes on ESVs.Five LULC types were identified in this study,including cultivated land,forest,shrubland,grassland,and water body.The result revealed that the area of cultivated land accounted for 64.50%,71.50%,and 61.50%of the total area in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.The percentage of the total area covered by forest was 9.50%,5.90%,and 14.80%in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.Result revealed that the total ESV decreased from 7.42×10^(7) to 6.44×10^(7) USD between 1986 and 2003.This is due to the expansion of cultivated land at the expense of forest and shrubland.However,the total ESV increased from 6.44×10^(7) to 7.76×10^(7) USD during 2003-2021,because of the increment of forest and shrubland.The expansion of cultivated land and the reductions of forest and shrubland reduced most individual ESs during 1986-2003.Nevertheless,the increase in forest and shrubland at the expense of cultivated land enhanced many ESs during 2003-2021.Therefore,the findings suggest that appropriate land use practices should be scaled-up to sustainably maintain ESs.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3204404)。
文摘Quantifying and mapping how ecosystem services impact agricultural competitiveness is crucial for attaining the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations.However,few study quantified agricultural competitiveness and mapped the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness using multiple models.In this study,multi-source data from 2000 to 2020 were utilized to establish the indicator system of agricultural competitiveness;five ecosystem services were quantified using computation models;Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis was used to explore the spatial patterns of agricultural competitiveness and ecosystem services;geographic detector models were applied to investigate the effects and driving mechanisms of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.Shandong Province of China was selected as the case study area.The results demonstrated that:1)there was a significant increase in agricultural competitiveness during the study period,with high levels observed mainly in the east region of the study area.2)The spatial distribution patterns of ecosystem services and agricultural competitiveness primarily exhibited High-High and Low-Low Cluster types.3)Habitat quality emerged as the main driving factor of agricultural competitiveness in 2000 and 2020,while water yield played a substantial role in 2010.4)The coupling of two ecosystem services exerted a greater effect on agricultural competitiveness compared to individual ecosystem service.The innovations of this study are constructing an indicator system to quantify agricultural competitiveness,and exploring the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.This study proposed an indicator system to quantify agricultural competitiveness,which can be applied in other regions,and explored the effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.The findings of this study can serve as valuable insights for policymakers to formulate tailored agricultural development policies that take into account the synergistic effects of ecosystem services on agricultural competitiveness.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42101276)the Major Project of Key Research Bases for Humanities and Social Sciences Funded by the Ministry of Education of China(22JJD790015)the Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province,China(20JR5RA529).
文摘The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)serves as a crucial ecological barrier in China and Asia,exerting profound influences on global climate and biodiversity conservation.Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred as Gannan Prefecture),located on the northeastern edge of the QXP,represents a fragile alpine ecosystem in which land use change significantly impacts ecosystem services(ESs).This study established a comprehensive framework,utilizing the Patch-generating Land-Use Simulation(PLUS)model coupled with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model to predict land use patterns under the natural development scenario,cultivated land protection scenario,and ecological protection scenario for Gannan Prefecture by 2030 and evaluated four critical ESs:habitat quality(HQ),water yield(WY),soil retention(SR),and carbon storage(CS).The primary aim is to elucidate the impacts of dynamic land use change on ESs.The results revealed that,from 2000 to 2020,HQ exhibited minimal variation,whereas CS experienced a slight decline.Conversely,WY and SR showed significant improvements.Under the natural development scenario,construction land was projected to increase by 4247.74 hm^(2),primarily at the expense of forest land.The cultivated land protection scenario anticipated an increase in farmland by 2634.36 hm^(2),which was crucial for maintaining food security.The ecological protection scenario predicted a notable expansion of forest land,accompanied by a restrained development rate of construction land.The ecological protection scenario also showed an increase in the ecosystem service index(ESI),encompassing 26.07%of the region.Forest land and grassland emerged as the primary contributors to ESs,while construction land substantially impacted WY.Water bodies exhibited minimal contribution to ESs.This study enhanced the understanding of land use change impacts on ESs in fragile and high-altitude ecosystems,offering essential theoretical frameworks and practical direction for forthcoming ecological policy and regional planning endeavors.
基金funded by the Central University D Project(HFW230600022)National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973021)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation Youth Funding Project(72003022)Heilongjiang Province University Think Tank Open Topic(ZKKF2022173).
文摘The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.
文摘Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.
文摘This study focuses on the assessment of ecosystem health(EH),ecosystem services(ES),and ecosystem risk(ER)in East Kolkata Wetland(EKW).A comprehensive framework on the EH,ES and ER has been developed using remote sesning and geo-spatial techniques for the year 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020.The study also assessed ecosystem structure and fragmentation using landscape metrics calculated using fragstats,which showed a significant influence of land use and land cover(LULC)changes on the wetland’s ecological integrity.The study revealed that 6.86% of EKW fallen under a very low EH zone,while 20% was categorized as having very high EH.Spatio-temporal analysis of ES indicated that 30%of the area had very low ES value,with only 8% exhibiting very high ES.ER assessment revealed that 7%of the study area was highly ER,while 12%identified within a high ER zone,reflecting frequent LULC changes.The correlation analysis highlighted strong negative relationships between landscape deviation degree(LDD)and EH(−0.971),and between normalized difference water index(NDWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)(−0.991).Additionally,landscape metrics such as the number of patches(NP)and the largest patch index(LPI)exhibited significant correlations,emphasizing the impact of fragmentation on EH and resilience.This comprehensive assessment underscores the importance of integrated approaches to monitor and manage wetland ecosystems,particularly in urban areas facing significant environmental stressors.The findings are crucial for informed decision-making and sustainable management of the wetland ecosystems,particularly in the cities of the global south.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41941008the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2023YFC3107702.
文摘Seasonal variation in phytoplankton composition influences the pathways and efficiency of energy flow,reshaping the structure of the trophic pyramid in the Ross Sea.However,field investigation of grazing processes presents challenges that hinder our understanding of energy pathways.This study aims to provide insights into energy flow using a three-dimensional ecosystem model applied to the Ross Sea.By analyzing the simulation results,the role of the seasonal phytoplankton succession,specifically the shift from dominance by Phaeocystis antarctica to diatoms,in energy allocation is explored.The short-lived spring bloom of P.antarctica mainly fuels microzooplankton,creating a brief food chain where energy transfers primarily among smaller plankton.In contrast,the subsequent summer bloom of diatoms,which persists longer,provides nearly half of the total phytoplankton energy loss(via ingestion and mortality)to larger mesozooplankton.Our findings indicate that phytoplankton succession in the Ross Sea extends the bloom duration,particularly for diatoms,thereby facilitating energy transfer to higher trophic levels and improving overall energy utilization.This suggests that phytoplankton succession,an ecological strategy adapted to iron-deficient environments in the Ross Sea,explains why the colder region in front of the Ross Ice Shelf is significantly more productive than the northern areas,ultimately favored by top predators.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant NO.42361040]。
文摘Ecosystem service flows(ESFs)can reveal the interrelationships and impacts between natural systems and human activities.We can improve the stability and sustainability of ecosystems,more effectively utilize natural resources,protect the environment,and enhance the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature by comprehending ESFs.However,few studies have examined ESFs across scales and evaluated their sustainability;most have concentrated on regional scales.In order to quantify and analyze ESFs within the Jing River Basin(JRB)and between the JRB and the adjacent and distant regions from a water-food-energy perspective,this paper employs a meta-coupling framework.Additionally,it evaluates the sustainability of these flows using a techno-ecological synergy framework.The results show that the ESFs within the JRB was significant in 2020.Water production services were concentrated in the southern part of the JRB,while the distribution of food supply and carbon supply services was relatively even.Huan County emerged as the largest exporting county,providing 1.46×10^(8)kg of food to other counties and exporting 2.97×10^(6)kg of energy.The ESFs in the JRB primarily moved towards the neighboring and distant systems.Water production services flowed into the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration(GPUA),amounting to 5.8×10^(6)kg.Carbon supply services flowed out at 2.4×10^(5)kg,and food exports were the highest,reaching 5.0×10^(7)kg.The ecosystem service flows from the JRB to both the neighboring and distant systems enhanced food security and ecological resilience.The basin itself demonstrated good sustainability in food supply services,with an index value reaching 48.19.In crossscale calculations of food production sustainability with the adjacent GPUA,the index value increased from 48.19 to 52.99,indicating a significant improvement.These findings demonstrate that applying the meta-coupling framework provides an effective approach to quantify ESFs and assess their sustainability across scales.
基金supported by the Forest Research Centre,a research unit funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia I.P.(FCT),Portugal(UIDB/00239/2020)the Associated Laboratory TERRA(LA/P/0092/2020)+4 种基金Additional funding was provided through the Ph.D.grant awarded to Dagm Abate(UI/BD/151525/2021)by two key projects:H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020/101007950,titled“DecisionES-Decision Support for the Supply of Ecosystem Services under Global Change,”funded by the Marie Curie International Staff Exchange Scheme,H2020-LCGD-2020-3/101037419,titled“FIRE-RES-Innovative technologies and socio-ecological economic solutions for fireresilient territories in Europe,”funded by the EU Horizon 2020—Research and Innovation Framework Programmesupported by a project MODFIRE—a multiple criteria approach to integrate wildfire behavior in forest management planning with reference PCIF/MOS/0217/2017a contract from Dr.Susete Marques in the scope of Norma Transitoria—DL57/2016/CP1382/CT15a grant from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia(FCT),Portugal to Dr.Guerra-Hernandez(CEECIND/02576/2022).
文摘Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these services.This study introduces the Recreational and Aesthetic Values of Forested Landscapes(RAFL)index,a novel framework combining six measurable recreational and aesthetic components:Stewardship,Naturalness,Complexity,Visual Scale,Historicity,and Ephemera.The RAFL index was integrated into a Linear Programming(LP)Resource Capability Model(RCM)to assess trade-offs between CES and other ecosystem services,including timber production,wildfire resistance,and biodiversity.The approach was applied in a case study in Northern Portugal,comparing two forest management scenarios:Business as Usual(BAU),dominated by eucalyptus plantations,and an Alternative Scenario(ALT),focused on the conversion to native species:cork oak,chestnut,and pedunculate oak.Results revealed that the ALT scenario consistently achieved higher RAFL values,reflecting its potential to enhance CES,while also supporting higher biodiversity and wildfire resilience compared to the BAU scenario.Results highlighted further that management may maintain steady timber production and wildfire regulatory services while addressing concerns with CES.This study provides a replicable methodology for quantifying CES and integrating them into forest management frameworks,offering actionable insights for decision-makers.The findings highlight the effectiveness of the approach in designing landscape mosaics that provide CES while addressing the need to supply provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services.
文摘Grasslands are among the largest terrestrial ecosystems,offering critical ecological,economic,and cultural services worldwide(Bardgett et al.2021;Wang et al.2022).However,they face unprecedented challenges due to climate change,overgrazing,and land-use change,which threaten their biodiversity,carbon sequestration potential,and the human livelihoods they support(Zhou et al.2023;Straffelini et al.2024).Despite the implementation of various management strategies,gaps remain in understanding the intricate dynamics of grassland ecosystems,their key drivers,and the most effective adaptive management practices(Li et al.2022).
文摘Soil health is defined as“the ability of the soil to sustain the productivity,diversity,and environmental services of terrestrial ecosystems”by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils of the FAO.This concept is increasingly being recognized as an actionable platform for diverse stakeholders in modern society.Despite the critical roles of soil in supporting agriculture,sustaining ecosystems,and mitigating climate change,soil health has long been undervalued and often overlooked.As we look to the future,prioritizing soil health is essential to ensuring food security,environmental sustainability,and the well-being of future generations.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Key Foundation of Fujian Province,China(No.2020J02002)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(No.ZDYF2022SHFZ317)。
文摘Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both freshwater and marine organisms.The accumulation of micro-and nanoplastics in aquatic biota can lead to physical harm and chemical hazards,as these particles can serve as vectors for transporting toxic substances.As the research community strives to understand the transport and fate of micro-and nano-plastics,as well as their ecotoxicological implications,the scope of research questions continues to broaden.In response to these developments,the Journal of Oceanology and Limnology has recently launched a special issue entitled“Micro-and nano-plastics:an emerging contaminant in marine and freshwater ecosystems.”
基金supported by the project Monetary valuation of soil ecosystem services and creation of initiatives to invest in soil health:setting a framework for the inclusion of soil health in business and in the policy making process(InBestSoil)(Horizon Europe)Grant agreement ID:101091099。
文摘Ecosystem services(ES)mapping and models have advanced in recent years.Improvements were made,and the assessments have transitioned from qualitative to quantitative.Although this is an important advancement,the ES mapping and modelling validation step has been overlooked,and this raises an important question in the credibility of the outcomes.This has been an important and unsolved issue in the ES research community that needs to be tackled.This highlight paper discusses the importance of validating single ES mapping and models.Conducting this using field or proximal/remote sensing raw data and not data from other models or stakeholder evaluation is important.A validation step should be mandatory in ES frameworks since it can assess the models’veracity,contribute to identifying the model’s weaknesses/strengths and ultimately represent a scientific advance in the field.This is easier to apply to the biophysical mapping and models of regulating and provisioning ES than to cultural ES,as the latter rely more on perception and cultural contexts.Also,ES supply models are easier to validate than demand and flow models.Robust and well-grounded models are essential for ensuring the reliability of individual ES maps and models and should be integrated into decision-making processes.Although several challenges arise related to the costs of data collection,in several cases prohibitive,and the time and the expertise needed to conduct this sampling and analysis,this is likely an imperative step that needs to be considered in the future.This will be beneficial in establishing ES research and improving decision-making and wellbeing.
基金the support of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(Grant No.2019QZKK0603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.42250410329)the President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)for Visiting Scientists of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grants No.2021VCA0005 and 2023VCC0005)。
文摘Ecosystem degradation and the loss of ecosystem services stem from multiple causes,requiring coordinated and diverse policies,legislation,and institutional responses to effectively address them.An understanding of the policies,legislation,and institutions governing ecosystem services can enhance the sustained management and provision of ecosystem services.Therefore,this work appraises the policies,legislation and institutional provisions made by the government of Nepal.In addition,this study analyzes policy implications and identifies gaps and barriers that hinder future improvements in the management of ecosystem services.Altogether,63 documents comprising 45 policies and 18 legislations promulgated by the government of Nepal have been assessed for content analysis.Twenty Key Informant Interviews(KIIs)have also been conducted to obtain expert insights about the gaps in policy formulation and implementation.The results indicate that though several sectoral policies and legislations have made provision on management of ecosystem and its services implicitly or explicitly,still there is lacking of overarching framework to deal with ecosystem services.Overlapping roles and responsibilities outlined in the constitution,policies,and legislation,coupled with weak enforcement and lack of multisectoral coordination mechanism,are significant obstacles to effective policy implementation.Therefore,there is a need to develop an overarching national framework backed up by legislation with a strong multisectoral coordination mechanism that will adopt a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the sustained management and provision of the ecosystem and its services.
基金supported by the project MApping and Forecasting Ecosystem Services in Urban Areas(MAFESUR)funded by the Lithuanian Research Council(Contract:Nr.P-MIP-23-426).
文摘Coastal tourism holds substantial development potential.However,coastal ecosystems are affected by tourism development,which limits the supply of ecosystem services(ES).This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the impacts of tourism on coastal and marine ES using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-alpha Methods.We initially identified 640 studies by searching titles,abstracts,and keywords.After screening,only 50 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review.The results showed a significant increase in publications between 2011 and 2023.Most studies were conducted in Europe,Asia,and North and Central America.The most used ES classifications were MEA and CICES.Most studies concentrated on the ES supply dimension(43 studies;86%).Cultural ES(47 studies;94%)were researched more than provisioning(28 studies;56%)and regulating&maintenance(29 studies;58%)sections.Regarding cultural ES,most studies were focused on“Physical and experiential interactions with the natural environment”(34 studies;68%)and on provisioning ES on“Wild animals(terrestrial and aquatic)for nutrition,materials or energy”(18 studies;36%).Quantitative and mixed methods were the most used in the reviewed studies.Most studies identified pressures from“Tourism,urbanisation,and population increase”(27 studies;54%)and focused on“Integrative/common management strategies”(20 studies;40%).Only a few of the studies’results have been validated by external data(10 studies;20%).This study provides an overview of the most assessed marine and coastal ES,where studies are needed with more comprehensive geographic coverage.
