AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following c...AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following conditions:(1)with different doses(20,10,5 mg/0.8 mL per rat);(2)with same dose in different concentrations(20 mg/rat,25,50 mg/mL);(3)in different ethanol percentage(25%,50%);and(4)at depth either 4 cm or 8 cm from anus.At 5 d and 4 wk after TNBS administration,inflammation severity and inflammation resolution were evaluated.At 4 and 8 wk after TNBS application,visceral hyperalgesia and enterochromaffin(EC)cell hyperplasia were assayed by abdominal withdrawal reflex test,silver staining and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS:Our results showed that:(1)TNBS induced dose-dependent acute inflammation and inflammation resolution.At 5 d post TNBS,the pathological score and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in all TNBS treated rats were significantly elevated compared to that of the control(9.48±1.86,8.18±0.67,5.78± 0.77 vs 0,and 3.55±1.11,1.80±0.82,0.97±0.08 unit/mg vs 0.14±0.01 unit/mg,P<0.05).At 4 wk post TNBS,the pathological score in high and median dose TNBS-treated rats were still significantly higher than that of the control(1.52±0.38 and 0.80±0.35 vs 0,P<0.05);(2)Intracolonic TNBS administration position affected the persistence of visceral hyperalgesia.At 4 wk post TNBS,abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)threshold pressure in all TNBS-treated groups were decreased compared to that of the control(21.52 ±1.73 and 27.10±1.94 mmHg vs 34.44±1.89 mmHg,P<0.05).At 8 wk post TNBS,AWR threshold pressure in 8 cm administration group was still significantly decreased(23.33±1.33 mmHg vs 36.79±2.29 mmHg,P<0.05);(3)Ethanol percentage affected the TNBS-induced inflammation severity and visceral hyperalgesia.In TNBS-25%ethanol-treated group,the pathological score and MPO activity were significantly lowered compared to that of the TNBS-50%ethanoltreated group,while AWR threshold pressure were significantly elevated(36.33±0.61 mmHg vs 23.33±1.33 mmHg,P<0.05);and(4)TNBS(5 mg/0.8 mL per rat, in 50%ethanol,8 cm from anus)-treated rats recovered completely from the inflammation with acquired visceral hyperalgesia and EC cell hyperplasia at 4 wk after TNBS administration.CONCLUSION:TNBS dosage,concentration,intraco-lonic administration position,and ethanol percentage play important roles in developing visceral hyperalgesia and EC cell hyperplasia of TNBS-induced PI-IBS rats.展开更多
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is common problem, but its treatment still remains challenging. Tranexamic acid has been used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding loss in various medical conditions. There have b...Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is common problem, but its treatment still remains challenging. Tranexamic acid has been used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding loss in various medical conditions. There have been some reports of the effect of oral and topical tranexamic acid for treatment of pigmented disorder. Herein we report on a case of female patient who showed improvement of PIH after oral and topical tranexamic acid administration.展开更多
Camouflage therapy has been used for permanent contour and pigmentary defects including telangiectasias, vitiligo, lentigines, nevi, atrophic scars and burn scars. The goal of the therapy is to provide new and innovat...Camouflage therapy has been used for permanent contour and pigmentary defects including telangiectasias, vitiligo, lentigines, nevi, atrophic scars and burn scars. The goal of the therapy is to provide new and innovative ways to normalize the appearance of patients with abnormalities. A variety of cosmetic techniques are used to assist these patients in making their irregularities as inconspicuous as possible. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a frustrating problem afflicting many dermatology patients, particularly on the face. Here we report a case of successful cosmetic camouflage using the theory of complementary colors of light in a patient with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation of the face caused by fixed drug eruption. Our case report supports the idea that camouflage for patients with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation on the face caused by fixed drug eruption improves their quality of life and also supports the idea that camouflage should be part of the after care for patients who have received patch testing.展开更多
Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recuti...Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.展开更多
Background:Skin photoaging mainly occurs in exposed skin irradiated by ultraviolet rays from the sunlight.When exposed to ultraviolet rays,the skin will undergo certain changes to avoid damage.The inflammatory factors...Background:Skin photoaging mainly occurs in exposed skin irradiated by ultraviolet rays from the sunlight.When exposed to ultraviolet rays,the skin will undergo certain changes to avoid damage.The inflammatory factors produced by light stimulation will induce melanocytes to produce more melanin,leading to the skin shows a rough,dark,dry,loose,and leathery appearance.In particular,when the skin is exposed to external damage and then received the damage of sunlight,such as after an aesthetic medicine treatment,it is more likely to produce post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation(PIH).However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:The purpose of this study is to verify a new skincare method to resist photoaging.The essence itself has a very good effect in resisting photodamage,when it through atomized to skin,it showcases a non-invasive but better-result approach to skin care.Materials and methods:This study assessed anti-photoaging effects through in vitro(antioxidant,UVB protection,ROS tests)and human trials.In vitro results indicate the essence's efficacy.A randomized trial with 60 women(20–45 years,sensitive skin)compared atomized essence vs.smear control.After 28 days,atomized essence improved skin hydration,gloss,reduced redness,TiVi,TEWL,and UV protection.A 7-day test with Moyal Luminous Serum and Atomizer showed this skincare combo effectively prevents photodamage.Results:Through in vitro and human experiments,we have verified that the self-developed essence itself has a very good effect of anti-photoaging.Through further comparison of human efficacy tests,we found that with the support of an atomizer,the anti-photoaging effect of the essence has been improved.Conclusion:Essence through atomization to resists photoaging,improves skin moisture,gloss,UV protection and reduces redness.Its non-invasive delivery ensures efficacy and user-friendliness.展开更多
With the introduction of new drugs, the treatment of acne vulgaris has improved dramatically;however, there remains a considerable gap between treatment outcomes and patients’ treatment goals. This study aimed to det...With the introduction of new drugs, the treatment of acne vulgaris has improved dramatically;however, there remains a considerable gap between treatment outcomes and patients’ treatment goals. This study aimed to determine whether dermatologists’ guidance on appropriate skincare for skin symptoms such as post-inflammatory erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), which are not covered by acne treatment, leads to an improvement in patients’ skin condition and patient satisfaction. Japanese women who had completed standard treatment for acne vulgaris and those with mild symptoms not requiring treatment were included in the study. The participants received instructions about skin care at the beginning of the study, which they continued to apply for 6 weeks. At the start and end of the study, participants were examined by a dermatologist;afterward, skin measurements, including skin color, skin surface lipid content, and image analysis by VISIA<sup>®</sup> Evolution, analysis of stratum corneum obtained from the skin surface, and Skindex-16 questionnaire for assessing quality of life (QOL), were performed. The following showed significant improvements: PIH score, number of inflammatory acne lesions, and number of non-inflammatory acne lesions observed via skin examination;skin surface lipid content and values of L* and a* obtained via instrumental measurement;n number of pore, texture, red spot, and pigmented spot obtained via by image analysis;and degree of multilayer exfoliation and interleukin-1α determined by analysis of epidermal stratum corneum. QOL measurement using Skindex-16 also improved significantly. Appropriate skin care guidance following standard acne vulgaris treatment is helpful in achieving patients’ treatment goals. .展开更多
Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa...Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa after repeated periods of inflammation and ulceration associated with excessive healing processes. Their occurrence is less common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis, and their overall prevalence ranges from 4% to 74%; moreover, they are found more often in colon but have been detected in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract as well. When their size exceeds the arbitrary point of 1.5 cm, they are classified as giant pseudopolyps. Clinical evaluation should differentiate the pseudopolyps from other polypoid lesions, such as the dysplasiaassociated mass or lesion, but this situation represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Pseudopolyps can provoke complications such as bleeding or obstruction, and their management includes medical therapy, endoscopy and surgery; however, no consensus exists about the optimal treatment approach. Patients with pseudopolyps are considered at intermediate risk for colorectal cancer and regular endoscopic monitoring is recommended. Through a review of the literature, we provide here a proposed classification of the characteristics of pseudopolyps.展开更多
Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor(RNFP), which presents abdominal clinical manifestations and malignant radiographic results, usually requires radical resection as the treatment. However, RNFP has been recently des...Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor(RNFP), which presents abdominal clinical manifestations and malignant radiographic results, usually requires radical resection as the treatment. However, RNFP has been recently described as an extremely rare benign postinflammatory lesion of a reactive nature, which typically arises from the sub-serosal layer of the digestive tract or within the surrounding mesentery in association with local injury or inflammation. In addition, a postoperative diagnosis is necessary to differentiate it from the other reactive processes of the abdomen. Furthermore, RNFP shows a good prognosis without signs of recurrence or metastasis. A 16-year-old girl presented with a 3-mo history of epigastric discomfort, and auxiliary examinations suggested a malignant tumor originating from the stomach; postoperative pathology confirmed RNFP, and after a 2-year follow-up period, the patient did not display any signs of recurrence. This case highlights the importance of preoperative pathology for surgeons who may encounter similar cases.展开更多
基金Supported by Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine,No.JCICM-4-07
文摘AIM:To investigate the key factors in developing the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced postinflammatory irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)model in rats. METHODS:TNBS was administered to rats at the following conditions:(1)with different doses(20,10,5 mg/0.8 mL per rat);(2)with same dose in different concentrations(20 mg/rat,25,50 mg/mL);(3)in different ethanol percentage(25%,50%);and(4)at depth either 4 cm or 8 cm from anus.At 5 d and 4 wk after TNBS administration,inflammation severity and inflammation resolution were evaluated.At 4 and 8 wk after TNBS application,visceral hyperalgesia and enterochromaffin(EC)cell hyperplasia were assayed by abdominal withdrawal reflex test,silver staining and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS:Our results showed that:(1)TNBS induced dose-dependent acute inflammation and inflammation resolution.At 5 d post TNBS,the pathological score and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in all TNBS treated rats were significantly elevated compared to that of the control(9.48±1.86,8.18±0.67,5.78± 0.77 vs 0,and 3.55±1.11,1.80±0.82,0.97±0.08 unit/mg vs 0.14±0.01 unit/mg,P<0.05).At 4 wk post TNBS,the pathological score in high and median dose TNBS-treated rats were still significantly higher than that of the control(1.52±0.38 and 0.80±0.35 vs 0,P<0.05);(2)Intracolonic TNBS administration position affected the persistence of visceral hyperalgesia.At 4 wk post TNBS,abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)threshold pressure in all TNBS-treated groups were decreased compared to that of the control(21.52 ±1.73 and 27.10±1.94 mmHg vs 34.44±1.89 mmHg,P<0.05).At 8 wk post TNBS,AWR threshold pressure in 8 cm administration group was still significantly decreased(23.33±1.33 mmHg vs 36.79±2.29 mmHg,P<0.05);(3)Ethanol percentage affected the TNBS-induced inflammation severity and visceral hyperalgesia.In TNBS-25%ethanol-treated group,the pathological score and MPO activity were significantly lowered compared to that of the TNBS-50%ethanoltreated group,while AWR threshold pressure were significantly elevated(36.33±0.61 mmHg vs 23.33±1.33 mmHg,P<0.05);and(4)TNBS(5 mg/0.8 mL per rat, in 50%ethanol,8 cm from anus)-treated rats recovered completely from the inflammation with acquired visceral hyperalgesia and EC cell hyperplasia at 4 wk after TNBS administration.CONCLUSION:TNBS dosage,concentration,intraco-lonic administration position,and ethanol percentage play important roles in developing visceral hyperalgesia and EC cell hyperplasia of TNBS-induced PI-IBS rats.
文摘Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is common problem, but its treatment still remains challenging. Tranexamic acid has been used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding loss in various medical conditions. There have been some reports of the effect of oral and topical tranexamic acid for treatment of pigmented disorder. Herein we report on a case of female patient who showed improvement of PIH after oral and topical tranexamic acid administration.
文摘Camouflage therapy has been used for permanent contour and pigmentary defects including telangiectasias, vitiligo, lentigines, nevi, atrophic scars and burn scars. The goal of the therapy is to provide new and innovative ways to normalize the appearance of patients with abnormalities. A variety of cosmetic techniques are used to assist these patients in making their irregularities as inconspicuous as possible. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a frustrating problem afflicting many dermatology patients, particularly on the face. Here we report a case of successful cosmetic camouflage using the theory of complementary colors of light in a patient with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation of the face caused by fixed drug eruption. Our case report supports the idea that camouflage for patients with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation on the face caused by fixed drug eruption improves their quality of life and also supports the idea that camouflage should be part of the after care for patients who have received patch testing.
文摘Cutibacterium acnes were used to induce lipase production,and to establish ex-vivo skin model of inflammatory response and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,in purpose of exploring the mechanism of chamomilla recutita extract.Clinical study was designed to investigate the effects of chamomilla recutita extract on Chinese volunteers with sequelae of adult acne,by evaluating the severity of acne,post-acne erythema and pigmentation,skin basic physiological conditions.The results showed that chamomilla recutita extract inhibited lipase activity,cellular inflammatory response,and melanin production.In the clinical study,the acnes were relieved 173%,with a 78%lower post-acne erythema index and 202%less hyperpigmentation as compared to placebo,after applying samples containing 1%chamomilla recutita extract for 28 days.Meanwhile,chamomilla recutita extract showed instant oil control effect.The extract significantly reduced sebum secretion by 293%,increased skin moisture content by 102%,and strengthened the skin barrier by 193%after 28 days application,which provided favorable skin physiological basis for the prevention and improvement of acne vulgaris and sequelae.
文摘Background:Skin photoaging mainly occurs in exposed skin irradiated by ultraviolet rays from the sunlight.When exposed to ultraviolet rays,the skin will undergo certain changes to avoid damage.The inflammatory factors produced by light stimulation will induce melanocytes to produce more melanin,leading to the skin shows a rough,dark,dry,loose,and leathery appearance.In particular,when the skin is exposed to external damage and then received the damage of sunlight,such as after an aesthetic medicine treatment,it is more likely to produce post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation(PIH).However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:The purpose of this study is to verify a new skincare method to resist photoaging.The essence itself has a very good effect in resisting photodamage,when it through atomized to skin,it showcases a non-invasive but better-result approach to skin care.Materials and methods:This study assessed anti-photoaging effects through in vitro(antioxidant,UVB protection,ROS tests)and human trials.In vitro results indicate the essence's efficacy.A randomized trial with 60 women(20–45 years,sensitive skin)compared atomized essence vs.smear control.After 28 days,atomized essence improved skin hydration,gloss,reduced redness,TiVi,TEWL,and UV protection.A 7-day test with Moyal Luminous Serum and Atomizer showed this skincare combo effectively prevents photodamage.Results:Through in vitro and human experiments,we have verified that the self-developed essence itself has a very good effect of anti-photoaging.Through further comparison of human efficacy tests,we found that with the support of an atomizer,the anti-photoaging effect of the essence has been improved.Conclusion:Essence through atomization to resists photoaging,improves skin moisture,gloss,UV protection and reduces redness.Its non-invasive delivery ensures efficacy and user-friendliness.
文摘With the introduction of new drugs, the treatment of acne vulgaris has improved dramatically;however, there remains a considerable gap between treatment outcomes and patients’ treatment goals. This study aimed to determine whether dermatologists’ guidance on appropriate skincare for skin symptoms such as post-inflammatory erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), which are not covered by acne treatment, leads to an improvement in patients’ skin condition and patient satisfaction. Japanese women who had completed standard treatment for acne vulgaris and those with mild symptoms not requiring treatment were included in the study. The participants received instructions about skin care at the beginning of the study, which they continued to apply for 6 weeks. At the start and end of the study, participants were examined by a dermatologist;afterward, skin measurements, including skin color, skin surface lipid content, and image analysis by VISIA<sup>®</sup> Evolution, analysis of stratum corneum obtained from the skin surface, and Skindex-16 questionnaire for assessing quality of life (QOL), were performed. The following showed significant improvements: PIH score, number of inflammatory acne lesions, and number of non-inflammatory acne lesions observed via skin examination;skin surface lipid content and values of L* and a* obtained via instrumental measurement;n number of pore, texture, red spot, and pigmented spot obtained via by image analysis;and degree of multilayer exfoliation and interleukin-1α determined by analysis of epidermal stratum corneum. QOL measurement using Skindex-16 also improved significantly. Appropriate skin care guidance following standard acne vulgaris treatment is helpful in achieving patients’ treatment goals. .
文摘Pseudopolyps are a well described entity in the literature and even though the exact pathogenesis of their formation is not completely understood, they are considered non-neoplastic lesions originating from the mucosa after repeated periods of inflammation and ulceration associated with excessive healing processes. Their occurrence is less common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis, and their overall prevalence ranges from 4% to 74%; moreover, they are found more often in colon but have been detected in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract as well. When their size exceeds the arbitrary point of 1.5 cm, they are classified as giant pseudopolyps. Clinical evaluation should differentiate the pseudopolyps from other polypoid lesions, such as the dysplasiaassociated mass or lesion, but this situation represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Pseudopolyps can provoke complications such as bleeding or obstruction, and their management includes medical therapy, endoscopy and surgery; however, no consensus exists about the optimal treatment approach. Patients with pseudopolyps are considered at intermediate risk for colorectal cancer and regular endoscopic monitoring is recommended. Through a review of the literature, we provide here a proposed classification of the characteristics of pseudopolyps.
文摘Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor(RNFP), which presents abdominal clinical manifestations and malignant radiographic results, usually requires radical resection as the treatment. However, RNFP has been recently described as an extremely rare benign postinflammatory lesion of a reactive nature, which typically arises from the sub-serosal layer of the digestive tract or within the surrounding mesentery in association with local injury or inflammation. In addition, a postoperative diagnosis is necessary to differentiate it from the other reactive processes of the abdomen. Furthermore, RNFP shows a good prognosis without signs of recurrence or metastasis. A 16-year-old girl presented with a 3-mo history of epigastric discomfort, and auxiliary examinations suggested a malignant tumor originating from the stomach; postoperative pathology confirmed RNFP, and after a 2-year follow-up period, the patient did not display any signs of recurrence. This case highlights the importance of preoperative pathology for surgeons who may encounter similar cases.
