This study was designed to determine factors that influence market performance of avocado fruits among smallholder farmers in Mbeya and Songwe regions. A cross section research design entailing 209 farmers from five (...This study was designed to determine factors that influence market performance of avocado fruits among smallholder farmers in Mbeya and Songwe regions. A cross section research design entailing 209 farmers from five (5) districts of two (2) regions and 15 key informants;5 local service providers (LSP), 5 traders/brokers and 5 district extension officers (DEO) were involved in the study. Random selection procedures were used to select avocado producers and purposive selection procedures were used to select key informants. The study employed survey questionnaires to collect data from avocado farmers and structured interview to collect data from key informants. Collected data were analyzed with an aid of descriptive statistics and linear regression model was used to determine significant factors that determine market prices of avocado fruits among smallholder farmers. The demographic characteristics of avocado farmers showed that;61.2% of farmers had age between 36 to 59 years old, 84.7% were married, 74.6% had primary education level, average number of 5 members of the family, average 4.3 acres of owned land and 1.8 acres planted with avocado. Moreover, findings showed that 90.9% grew improved avocado varieties. Farm gate (88.5%) was the major market outlet chosen by avocado farmers. Local merchants and processors were the major buyers of the produced avocado. Results from linear regression analysis showed that variety grown (P P P P < 0.05) were factors that statistically influenced market prices for avocado fruits. The study concluded that despite the remarkable contributions to livelihood of the farmers yet, it is highly fragile on market prices. Therefore, the study recommends the need to establish market systems that will govern avocado fruits marketing for sustainability of the sub-sector.展开更多
One of the most notable developments in the asset management industry in recent decades has been the growth of algorithmic trading.At the same time,significant structural changes in the industry have occurred,with pas...One of the most notable developments in the asset management industry in recent decades has been the growth of algorithmic trading.At the same time,significant structural changes in the industry have occurred,with passive investing gaining momentum.The intersection of these two major trends poses special challenges during market downturns,magnifying portfolio losses and leading to significant outflows.Emerging market(EM)investors have seen two major downturn events in the 2020s,namely the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict,both of which have strongly affected EM portfolios’risk-return profiles and increased their correlations with their developed market counterparts,eliminating much or all of EMs’diversification benefits.This has led to major capital outflows from EM countries,further destabilizing these fragile economies.Against this backdrop,we argue that capital need not exit these riskier markets during periods of turmoil and support this by developing a second-generation Automated Adaptive Trading System(AATS)back-tested on a relevant,diversified EM portfolio that tracks the Morgan Stanley Capital International(MSCI)Emerging Markets Index during a volatile period characterized by negative returns,high risk,and a high correlation with global markets for the buy-and-hold EM portfolio.The system incorporates an Autoregressive Moving Average-Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model that offers an interpretability advantage over machine-learning methods.The main strength of the AATS is its ability to allow the embedded hybrid forecasting model to adapt to the changing environments that characterize EMs.This is done by implementing a recursive window technique and running a user-specified fitness function to dynamically optimize the mean equation parameters throughout the lead time.Back-testing several configurations of the flexible AATS consistently reveals its superiority while assuring the robustness of the results.We conclude that with the right investment tools,EMs continue to offer compelling opportunities that should not be overlooked.The novel AATS proposed in this study is such a tool,providing active EM investors with substantial value-added through its ability to generate abnormal returns,and can help to enhance the resilience of EMs by mitigating the cost of crises for those countries.展开更多
The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigat...The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.展开更多
Intellectual capital （IC） is an important source of value for companies. The competitive firm invests in new productive ideas through scientific and technological researches of the human factor and services. The tra...Intellectual capital （IC） is an important source of value for companies. The competitive firm invests in new productive ideas through scientific and technological researches of the human factor and services. The traditional factors of＂old economy＂ based on physical assets have been replaced or at least reinforced, with the belief that the ＂new economy＂ takes its steps mainly through IC. The knowledge workers, at every organizational level, have the knowledge that allows the organization to be competitive and deal with the complexity of the environment by creating intellectual added value. In particular, the proposed analysis consists with an empirical way to show other financial indicators and market-to-book （MTB） value from the perspective of creating value for shareholders based on the dynamics of companies＇ performance, as value-added intellectual capital （VAICTM） is capable of expressing a direct relationship with the return on equity （ROE）. The traditional financial information cannot ensure the high efficiency of a stock market and the need for IC reporting to explain intangible asset contribution in company performance.展开更多
This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision...This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision and firm performance. The review points to the fact that entrepreneurial leadership creates visionary scenarios which they used to assemble and mobilize a “supporting cast” of participants who become committed to the vision and the discovery of strategic value creation by influencing market orientation decision and thus enhancing firm performance. The study thus developed a process model as a result of the literature reviewed. The study concludes that, entrepreneurial leadership influences the market orientation decision of a firm with the help of the “supporting cast” and this helps the firm to increase its performance.展开更多
The content validity of marketing performance measurement metrics in China is reported. Based on the respondents in the research, the statistic analysis of relative importance, and the frequencies of use of marketing ...The content validity of marketing performance measurement metrics in China is reported. Based on the respondents in the research, the statistic analysis of relative importance, and the frequencies of use of marketing metrics are given. It is shown that the marketing metrics are consistent with market orientation, sectors and the role of managers, that affect the way in measuring marketing performance. The investigation results provide certified basis for developing marketing performance assessment systems in Chinese enterprises.展开更多
Empirical study on market concentration rate and market performance of China's Swine Industry indicates that higher market concentration rate brings higher overall performance of swine industry. There exists no ob...Empirical study on market concentration rate and market performance of China's Swine Industry indicates that higher market concentration rate brings higher overall performance of swine industry. There exists no obvious causal relation between market concentration rate and market performance,but market performance is highly correlated with market concentration rate. The improvement in performance of swine industry is dependent on further optimization of market concentration rate and other factors.展开更多
Given that the traditional marketing management of agricultural products has been unable to meet the diversified demands of market, and the network has been applied to the marketing field of agricultural products,the ...Given that the traditional marketing management of agricultural products has been unable to meet the diversified demands of market, and the network has been applied to the marketing field of agricultural products,the research on the performance evaluation and advancing path of Henan agricultural products E-marketing is more important than before. Based on current problems of Henan agricultural products E-marketing,a system of performance evaluation is established,which covers website building and maintenance and other four first-class indexes as well as profit ratio of sales and other thirteen second-class indexes,and then the system is evaluated by comprehensive evaluation method. Meanwhile,it is explored to discuss how to further advance Henan agricultural products E-marketing.展开更多
Identification and responsiveness towards customer needs is a notion that rests deeply in the heart of the marketing concept, and has been discussed in various fields of business and economic literature. At the same t...Identification and responsiveness towards customer needs is a notion that rests deeply in the heart of the marketing concept, and has been discussed in various fields of business and economic literature. At the same time literature in port economics and management has proposed various means for analyzing market conditions, overcoming competitive pressures in the port industry and pursuing sustainable competitive advantage. In line with this discussion, albeit with a significant time delay, port economics and management literature has also proposed the use of marketing strategies as a strategic tool towards achieving port competitiveness. However, the early approaches to port marketing, mainly based on consumer marketing principles, where followed by scarce references, mainly dealing with particularities of marketing implementation in ports and terminals. This paper attempts to provide a solid theoretical background to the notion, the need and the applicability of the marketing concept in the container port industry. It investigates the preconditions under which port marketing strategies are designed and formulated, by measuring the level of market orientation of ports and terminals. Furthermore, it attempts to examine the impact of market orientation on port performance, under the mediating role of marketing tactics and the moderating effect of the ports＇/terminals＇ internal and external environment.展开更多
Recent studies analyzing the liquidity of emerging equity markets （EEM） focus mainly on two independent variables： （1） the turnover ratio and （2） value of equity traded. They ignore the impact of the market con...Recent studies analyzing the liquidity of emerging equity markets （EEM） focus mainly on two independent variables： （1） the turnover ratio and （2） value of equity traded. They ignore the impact of the market concentration of stock traded which could generate price distortion/manipulation. This study empirically estimates the impact of market structure （concentration） and liquidity （turnover ratio） on equity performance （price/returns） of 19 EEM. We use panel data for the period 1992-2000 and least square dummy variable regression technique that measure fixed effects and the dynamics of adjustment. The results show the significance of both independent variables. Liquidity favours investment, and market concentration suggests the potential for market/price manipulation that requires regulatory policies. These results indicate success of reform policies aimed at capital deepening to improve efficient capital allocation and provide profitable investment opportunities.展开更多
Over the last decade, the private equity （PE） industry, primarily venture capital and leveraged buyout investments, has matured massively. Consequently, public interest towards that particular asset class has increa...Over the last decade, the private equity （PE） industry, primarily venture capital and leveraged buyout investments, has matured massively. Consequently, public interest towards that particular asset class has increased rapidly. This study seeks to empirically assess the determinants of private equity funds＇ （PEFs） performance around the world. The study comprises a panel data of 103 publicly traded PEFs globally for the period of 2007-2013. Generalized least squares （GLS） technique is employed to regress the explanatory variables. The objective is accentuated on the major contributing factors that make a PEF successful. The analysis, in this paper, examines the effect of fund size, investment size, geographical focus, and industrial specialization on return. The empirical results provide evidence that： （1） Fund size and industrial specialization were observed to have an insignificant influence on the funds＇ returns in our panels; （2） Investment size is positively related to fund performance, indicating that larger deal sizes exhibited superior performance level; and （3） Geographical focus exhibited a negative association with fund performance, leading to the conclusion that limited geographical deployment of funds or absence of market diversification resulted in a fall in funds＇ returns. Consequently, to proxy for return of funds, stock prices of listed PEFs under LPEQ listings were employed.展开更多
This paper aims to achieve these key objectives： （1） to measure the extent to which Libyan tourism businesses embrace the market orientation concept; （2） to evaluate the private and public tourism businesses＇ pe...This paper aims to achieve these key objectives： （1） to measure the extent to which Libyan tourism businesses embrace the market orientation concept; （2） to evaluate the private and public tourism businesses＇ performance; （3） to identify the link between market orientation and tourism businesses＇ performances; and （4） to test the influence of ownership and organisational positions on market orientation-business performance relationship. A number of 582 questionnaires were distributed to high-level executives and clerks in tourism businesses in Libya. The key finding is that there is a growth in market orientation adoption. The performance of the private businesses is judged to be much better than the public one. There is a positive correlation between market orientation and tourism businesses＇ performance. This link is much stronger in the private sector. The market orientation in tourism sector is a critical element to drive business performance even in the less competitive environment such as Libya. The value of the paper is that it is the first paper to focus on market orientation in tourism sector in Libya. Therefore, the paper enriches the marketing literature with findings from the Arabic and North African region. Practically, the paper demonstrates the importance of market orientation to improve the Libyan tourism sector performance. Hence, international businesses, Libyan Government, tourism sector managers and employees should benefit from the results of the study. The paper concludes with limitations and future researches.展开更多
The exchange rate plays a significant role in an economy and also the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of exchange rate threshold level on the capital market performance.The study used a Threshold Autore...The exchange rate plays a significant role in an economy and also the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of exchange rate threshold level on the capital market performance.The study used a Threshold Autoregressive model introduced by[24]and[12].The study used quarter-time series data for thirty years from 1990 to 2019.The capital market performance was measured by the value of shares traded;market turnover;market capitalization and all-shares index.However,the results unconcealed the subsequently estimated threshold level of exchange rate for every performance indicator:7.94%;25.33%;25.33%,and 7.80%respectively.In all,the threshold level of the exchange rate estimated was 8 and 25 percent.The findings suggest that a low rate is performance-enhancing.Additionally,the exchange rate above the threshold level is harmful to the capital market performance.The findings of this investigation may be helpful to the government of Ghana and policymakers as they decide on an exchange rate target to implement to avoid the prejudicious effects of high exchange rates whereas getting the growth advantages of the low exchange rate.The finding of the study shows that the exchange rate impacts the economy more than inflation however,not many works in the subject area have been done in Sub-Saharan Africa.Therefore,I suggest that more threshold studies ought to be meted out on the exchange rate in the other sectors of the economy to determine its impact on the economy.展开更多
Sri Lanka is considered a highly fluctuating economy in the South Asian region.Understanding the behavior of economics is of utmost important to obtain the maximum benefit.Stock market can be considered as one of the ...Sri Lanka is considered a highly fluctuating economy in the South Asian region.Understanding the behavior of economics is of utmost important to obtain the maximum benefit.Stock market can be considered as one of the key influencers to the economy whereas the behavior of the stock market would highly define the behaviors of the economic system.It is required to identify the stock market measures and their contribution for the market development to recognize the influence of stock market.The immense importance of its actions on the market performance leads to find more about the stock market’s measures.This research contains the evidence of the study conducted to identify the stock markets development and behavior measures such as all share price index,market capitalization,dividend yield,price to earnings ratio and shares traded equity.All of these variables were used to obtain a model to describe and predict performance of stock market over the time.The secondary data from the CSE(Colombo Stock Exchange)is studied which the trend analysis was conducted for each series of data and results were used for the analysis.A statistical analysis was carried out to identify the measures of stock market depicts that all the measures of the stock market have influences on the stock market development except for the dividend yield,a useful fact in the process of decision making in many aspects.展开更多
Objective To explore the relationship of market structure,efficiency and performance of Chinese traditional patent medicine(CTPM)industry,and to provide suggestions for the government and related enterprises to take t...Objective To explore the relationship of market structure,efficiency and performance of Chinese traditional patent medicine(CTPM)industry,and to provide suggestions for the government and related enterprises to take the corresponding strategies.Methods Econometric model were empirically analyzed about 44 ongoing sample enterprises from 2007 to 2017,based on market power hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis of the industrial organization theory.Results and Conclusion The CTPM industry and the unlisted enterprises only conform to the relative market power hypothesis,and there is a significant positive correlation between performance and market share.The listed enterprises do not conform to the market power hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis:There is no significant correlation between performance and efficiency,market structure.There is no significant correlation between market share and efficiencies,while the industrial concentration has a significant correlation with efficiencies.The CTPM industry is relatively immature,so it’s necessary for the government to establish the elimination mechanism of CTPM industry in line with market rules,to enhance the industrial concentration and resource utilization efficiency by encouraging enterprises to improve management and scale production level.The government should improve the innovation policy of CTPM industry to encourage the enterprises to pursue product innovation.The CTPM enterprises,especially the unlisted enterprises should increase the market shares and enterprise performance through production differentiation.展开更多
COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now u...COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now use search engine optimization to effectively position themselves.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.Kenya’s tourism ministry and state government work hard to improve the business climate for tour and travel companies.Despite the overall positive image,international tourist market growth rates in Kenya have been 3.5 percent slower from 2017 to 2019 compared to previous years.This was further aggregated by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020,when the growth rate of tours and travel agencies fell by 65%.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.This study adopted a positivist philosophy.Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were used.A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 324 registered tours and travels agencies picked from and a sample of 179 were used.Data analysis included the development and interpretation of both descriptive and inferential statistics,such as frequencies,mean,percentages,and standard deviation,and was presented using tables and numerical values.The results of regression analysis established that search engine optimization had a positive and significant effect on market performance of the registered tours and travel agencies picked from a sample of 179.The study recommends that agency management ensure that the firm’s website is easily accessible in order to improve agency performance.Using the internet to gain a large market share can assist tours and travel agencies in improving the performance and income of their websites.展开更多
Based on the current development of China's manufacturing industry,this study analyses the relationship between servitization and firm performance,and explores the moderating role of marketing ability.The study co...Based on the current development of China's manufacturing industry,this study analyses the relationship between servitization and firm performance,and explores the moderating role of marketing ability.The study collected and processed the annual reports of manufacturing firms that disclosed information on CNINF in 2017.Through a series of screening work,the annual reports of 260 firms were finally selected as sample data.The results of empirical analysis show that there is a positive relationship between servitization and firm performance.Marketing ability can moderate this relationship,in which marketing investment intensity positively moderates the relationship between service level and firm performance,and the proportion of salespeople negatively moderates the relationship between service investment intensity and firm performance.Based on these findings,this paper developed recommendations for managers of manufacturing firms.展开更多
Introduction:Innovation is the creation of new products,services,processes or systems that first begin with a thought and is put into operation after successful implementation.This research aims to investigate the med...Introduction:Innovation is the creation of new products,services,processes or systems that first begin with a thought and is put into operation after successful implementation.This research aims to investigate the mediating role of innovation capabilities in relationship between strategic orientation and market performance in Tabriz state hospitals.Methods:This study is an applied research in terms of the purpose and it is a descriptive-correlative research in terms of methodology.The statistical population involves the staff of Tabriz state hospitals consisting 362 individuals who were selected randomly.A questionnaire was used to collect data from statistical sample.The strategic orientation was operationally defined based on Laek Cannon et al.’s(2011)model,innovation capabilities were defined based on Jimens-Jimens and Sanz Vale’s(2010)model and market performance was defined based on Hajipour et al.’s model(2012).Results:The results showed that the value of CHI SQUAR/DF for the estimated model is 0.817 which indicates the proper fitness of the model.Considering the standardized factor loads and meaningfulness coefficient it can be suggested that strategic orientation affects market performance with the mediating role of innovation capabilities.Meanwhile,the effect of strategic orientation and innovation capabilities on the market performance was confirmed based on the linear regression results.Conclusion:Innovation capabilities play an active role in the relationship between strategic orientation and market performance.Therefore,senior management of organizations needs to work to improve their performance by supporting the ability to innovate and formulating and implementing strategic orientations.展开更多
文摘This study was designed to determine factors that influence market performance of avocado fruits among smallholder farmers in Mbeya and Songwe regions. A cross section research design entailing 209 farmers from five (5) districts of two (2) regions and 15 key informants;5 local service providers (LSP), 5 traders/brokers and 5 district extension officers (DEO) were involved in the study. Random selection procedures were used to select avocado producers and purposive selection procedures were used to select key informants. The study employed survey questionnaires to collect data from avocado farmers and structured interview to collect data from key informants. Collected data were analyzed with an aid of descriptive statistics and linear regression model was used to determine significant factors that determine market prices of avocado fruits among smallholder farmers. The demographic characteristics of avocado farmers showed that;61.2% of farmers had age between 36 to 59 years old, 84.7% were married, 74.6% had primary education level, average number of 5 members of the family, average 4.3 acres of owned land and 1.8 acres planted with avocado. Moreover, findings showed that 90.9% grew improved avocado varieties. Farm gate (88.5%) was the major market outlet chosen by avocado farmers. Local merchants and processors were the major buyers of the produced avocado. Results from linear regression analysis showed that variety grown (P P P P < 0.05) were factors that statistically influenced market prices for avocado fruits. The study concluded that despite the remarkable contributions to livelihood of the farmers yet, it is highly fragile on market prices. Therefore, the study recommends the need to establish market systems that will govern avocado fruits marketing for sustainability of the sub-sector.
基金funded by the EU’s NextGenerationEU instrument through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of Romania-Pillar Ⅲ-C9-I8,managed by the Ministry of Research,Innovation and Digitalization,within the project entitled,Non-Gaussian self-similar processes:Enhancing mathematical tools and financial models for capturing complex market dynamics,contract no.760243/28.12.2023,code CF 194/31.07.2023’.
文摘One of the most notable developments in the asset management industry in recent decades has been the growth of algorithmic trading.At the same time,significant structural changes in the industry have occurred,with passive investing gaining momentum.The intersection of these two major trends poses special challenges during market downturns,magnifying portfolio losses and leading to significant outflows.Emerging market(EM)investors have seen two major downturn events in the 2020s,namely the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict,both of which have strongly affected EM portfolios’risk-return profiles and increased their correlations with their developed market counterparts,eliminating much or all of EMs’diversification benefits.This has led to major capital outflows from EM countries,further destabilizing these fragile economies.Against this backdrop,we argue that capital need not exit these riskier markets during periods of turmoil and support this by developing a second-generation Automated Adaptive Trading System(AATS)back-tested on a relevant,diversified EM portfolio that tracks the Morgan Stanley Capital International(MSCI)Emerging Markets Index during a volatile period characterized by negative returns,high risk,and a high correlation with global markets for the buy-and-hold EM portfolio.The system incorporates an Autoregressive Moving Average-Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model that offers an interpretability advantage over machine-learning methods.The main strength of the AATS is its ability to allow the embedded hybrid forecasting model to adapt to the changing environments that characterize EMs.This is done by implementing a recursive window technique and running a user-specified fitness function to dynamically optimize the mean equation parameters throughout the lead time.Back-testing several configurations of the flexible AATS consistently reveals its superiority while assuring the robustness of the results.We conclude that with the right investment tools,EMs continue to offer compelling opportunities that should not be overlooked.The novel AATS proposed in this study is such a tool,providing active EM investors with substantial value-added through its ability to generate abnormal returns,and can help to enhance the resilience of EMs by mitigating the cost of crises for those countries.
文摘The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.
文摘Intellectual capital （IC） is an important source of value for companies. The competitive firm invests in new productive ideas through scientific and technological researches of the human factor and services. The traditional factors of＂old economy＂ based on physical assets have been replaced or at least reinforced, with the belief that the ＂new economy＂ takes its steps mainly through IC. The knowledge workers, at every organizational level, have the knowledge that allows the organization to be competitive and deal with the complexity of the environment by creating intellectual added value. In particular, the proposed analysis consists with an empirical way to show other financial indicators and market-to-book （MTB） value from the perspective of creating value for shareholders based on the dynamics of companies＇ performance, as value-added intellectual capital （VAICTM） is capable of expressing a direct relationship with the return on equity （ROE）. The traditional financial information cannot ensure the high efficiency of a stock market and the need for IC reporting to explain intangible asset contribution in company performance.
文摘This paper explores entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation, and firm performance. It sorts to ascertain through the literature whether entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on market orientation decision and firm performance. The review points to the fact that entrepreneurial leadership creates visionary scenarios which they used to assemble and mobilize a “supporting cast” of participants who become committed to the vision and the discovery of strategic value creation by influencing market orientation decision and thus enhancing firm performance. The study thus developed a process model as a result of the literature reviewed. The study concludes that, entrepreneurial leadership influences the market orientation decision of a firm with the help of the “supporting cast” and this helps the firm to increase its performance.
文摘The content validity of marketing performance measurement metrics in China is reported. Based on the respondents in the research, the statistic analysis of relative importance, and the frequencies of use of marketing metrics are given. It is shown that the marketing metrics are consistent with market orientation, sectors and the role of managers, that affect the way in measuring marketing performance. The investigation results provide certified basis for developing marketing performance assessment systems in Chinese enterprises.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(71573098&71173085)Social Science Foundation for the Excellent Youths of Huazhong Agricultural University
文摘Empirical study on market concentration rate and market performance of China's Swine Industry indicates that higher market concentration rate brings higher overall performance of swine industry. There exists no obvious causal relation between market concentration rate and market performance,but market performance is highly correlated with market concentration rate. The improvement in performance of swine industry is dependent on further optimization of market concentration rate and other factors.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Research Program of Henan Education Department "New-type Agricultural Services System of Henan Province from the Perspective of Multi-objective Decision"(Project No.2011B630016)
文摘Given that the traditional marketing management of agricultural products has been unable to meet the diversified demands of market, and the network has been applied to the marketing field of agricultural products,the research on the performance evaluation and advancing path of Henan agricultural products E-marketing is more important than before. Based on current problems of Henan agricultural products E-marketing,a system of performance evaluation is established,which covers website building and maintenance and other four first-class indexes as well as profit ratio of sales and other thirteen second-class indexes,and then the system is evaluated by comprehensive evaluation method. Meanwhile,it is explored to discuss how to further advance Henan agricultural products E-marketing.
文摘Identification and responsiveness towards customer needs is a notion that rests deeply in the heart of the marketing concept, and has been discussed in various fields of business and economic literature. At the same time literature in port economics and management has proposed various means for analyzing market conditions, overcoming competitive pressures in the port industry and pursuing sustainable competitive advantage. In line with this discussion, albeit with a significant time delay, port economics and management literature has also proposed the use of marketing strategies as a strategic tool towards achieving port competitiveness. However, the early approaches to port marketing, mainly based on consumer marketing principles, where followed by scarce references, mainly dealing with particularities of marketing implementation in ports and terminals. This paper attempts to provide a solid theoretical background to the notion, the need and the applicability of the marketing concept in the container port industry. It investigates the preconditions under which port marketing strategies are designed and formulated, by measuring the level of market orientation of ports and terminals. Furthermore, it attempts to examine the impact of market orientation on port performance, under the mediating role of marketing tactics and the moderating effect of the ports＇/terminals＇ internal and external environment.
文摘Recent studies analyzing the liquidity of emerging equity markets （EEM） focus mainly on two independent variables： （1） the turnover ratio and （2） value of equity traded. They ignore the impact of the market concentration of stock traded which could generate price distortion/manipulation. This study empirically estimates the impact of market structure （concentration） and liquidity （turnover ratio） on equity performance （price/returns） of 19 EEM. We use panel data for the period 1992-2000 and least square dummy variable regression technique that measure fixed effects and the dynamics of adjustment. The results show the significance of both independent variables. Liquidity favours investment, and market concentration suggests the potential for market/price manipulation that requires regulatory policies. These results indicate success of reform policies aimed at capital deepening to improve efficient capital allocation and provide profitable investment opportunities.
文摘Over the last decade, the private equity （PE） industry, primarily venture capital and leveraged buyout investments, has matured massively. Consequently, public interest towards that particular asset class has increased rapidly. This study seeks to empirically assess the determinants of private equity funds＇ （PEFs） performance around the world. The study comprises a panel data of 103 publicly traded PEFs globally for the period of 2007-2013. Generalized least squares （GLS） technique is employed to regress the explanatory variables. The objective is accentuated on the major contributing factors that make a PEF successful. The analysis, in this paper, examines the effect of fund size, investment size, geographical focus, and industrial specialization on return. The empirical results provide evidence that： （1） Fund size and industrial specialization were observed to have an insignificant influence on the funds＇ returns in our panels; （2） Investment size is positively related to fund performance, indicating that larger deal sizes exhibited superior performance level; and （3） Geographical focus exhibited a negative association with fund performance, leading to the conclusion that limited geographical deployment of funds or absence of market diversification resulted in a fall in funds＇ returns. Consequently, to proxy for return of funds, stock prices of listed PEFs under LPEQ listings were employed.
文摘This paper aims to achieve these key objectives： （1） to measure the extent to which Libyan tourism businesses embrace the market orientation concept; （2） to evaluate the private and public tourism businesses＇ performance; （3） to identify the link between market orientation and tourism businesses＇ performances; and （4） to test the influence of ownership and organisational positions on market orientation-business performance relationship. A number of 582 questionnaires were distributed to high-level executives and clerks in tourism businesses in Libya. The key finding is that there is a growth in market orientation adoption. The performance of the private businesses is judged to be much better than the public one. There is a positive correlation between market orientation and tourism businesses＇ performance. This link is much stronger in the private sector. The market orientation in tourism sector is a critical element to drive business performance even in the less competitive environment such as Libya. The value of the paper is that it is the first paper to focus on market orientation in tourism sector in Libya. Therefore, the paper enriches the marketing literature with findings from the Arabic and North African region. Practically, the paper demonstrates the importance of market orientation to improve the Libyan tourism sector performance. Hence, international businesses, Libyan Government, tourism sector managers and employees should benefit from the results of the study. The paper concludes with limitations and future researches.
文摘The exchange rate plays a significant role in an economy and also the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of exchange rate threshold level on the capital market performance.The study used a Threshold Autoregressive model introduced by[24]and[12].The study used quarter-time series data for thirty years from 1990 to 2019.The capital market performance was measured by the value of shares traded;market turnover;market capitalization and all-shares index.However,the results unconcealed the subsequently estimated threshold level of exchange rate for every performance indicator:7.94%;25.33%;25.33%,and 7.80%respectively.In all,the threshold level of the exchange rate estimated was 8 and 25 percent.The findings suggest that a low rate is performance-enhancing.Additionally,the exchange rate above the threshold level is harmful to the capital market performance.The findings of this investigation may be helpful to the government of Ghana and policymakers as they decide on an exchange rate target to implement to avoid the prejudicious effects of high exchange rates whereas getting the growth advantages of the low exchange rate.The finding of the study shows that the exchange rate impacts the economy more than inflation however,not many works in the subject area have been done in Sub-Saharan Africa.Therefore,I suggest that more threshold studies ought to be meted out on the exchange rate in the other sectors of the economy to determine its impact on the economy.
文摘Sri Lanka is considered a highly fluctuating economy in the South Asian region.Understanding the behavior of economics is of utmost important to obtain the maximum benefit.Stock market can be considered as one of the key influencers to the economy whereas the behavior of the stock market would highly define the behaviors of the economic system.It is required to identify the stock market measures and their contribution for the market development to recognize the influence of stock market.The immense importance of its actions on the market performance leads to find more about the stock market’s measures.This research contains the evidence of the study conducted to identify the stock markets development and behavior measures such as all share price index,market capitalization,dividend yield,price to earnings ratio and shares traded equity.All of these variables were used to obtain a model to describe and predict performance of stock market over the time.The secondary data from the CSE(Colombo Stock Exchange)is studied which the trend analysis was conducted for each series of data and results were used for the analysis.A statistical analysis was carried out to identify the measures of stock market depicts that all the measures of the stock market have influences on the stock market development except for the dividend yield,a useful fact in the process of decision making in many aspects.
文摘Objective To explore the relationship of market structure,efficiency and performance of Chinese traditional patent medicine(CTPM)industry,and to provide suggestions for the government and related enterprises to take the corresponding strategies.Methods Econometric model were empirically analyzed about 44 ongoing sample enterprises from 2007 to 2017,based on market power hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis of the industrial organization theory.Results and Conclusion The CTPM industry and the unlisted enterprises only conform to the relative market power hypothesis,and there is a significant positive correlation between performance and market share.The listed enterprises do not conform to the market power hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis:There is no significant correlation between performance and efficiency,market structure.There is no significant correlation between market share and efficiencies,while the industrial concentration has a significant correlation with efficiencies.The CTPM industry is relatively immature,so it’s necessary for the government to establish the elimination mechanism of CTPM industry in line with market rules,to enhance the industrial concentration and resource utilization efficiency by encouraging enterprises to improve management and scale production level.The government should improve the innovation policy of CTPM industry to encourage the enterprises to pursue product innovation.The CTPM enterprises,especially the unlisted enterprises should increase the market shares and enterprise performance through production differentiation.
文摘COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now use search engine optimization to effectively position themselves.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.Kenya’s tourism ministry and state government work hard to improve the business climate for tour and travel companies.Despite the overall positive image,international tourist market growth rates in Kenya have been 3.5 percent slower from 2017 to 2019 compared to previous years.This was further aggregated by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020,when the growth rate of tours and travel agencies fell by 65%.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.This study adopted a positivist philosophy.Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were used.A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 324 registered tours and travels agencies picked from and a sample of 179 were used.Data analysis included the development and interpretation of both descriptive and inferential statistics,such as frequencies,mean,percentages,and standard deviation,and was presented using tables and numerical values.The results of regression analysis established that search engine optimization had a positive and significant effect on market performance of the registered tours and travel agencies picked from a sample of 179.The study recommends that agency management ensure that the firm’s website is easily accessible in order to improve agency performance.Using the internet to gain a large market share can assist tours and travel agencies in improving the performance and income of their websites.
基金supported by MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(No.20YJC630022)Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2017MG033)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.HIT.HSS.201875).
文摘Based on the current development of China's manufacturing industry,this study analyses the relationship between servitization and firm performance,and explores the moderating role of marketing ability.The study collected and processed the annual reports of manufacturing firms that disclosed information on CNINF in 2017.Through a series of screening work,the annual reports of 260 firms were finally selected as sample data.The results of empirical analysis show that there is a positive relationship between servitization and firm performance.Marketing ability can moderate this relationship,in which marketing investment intensity positively moderates the relationship between service level and firm performance,and the proportion of salespeople negatively moderates the relationship between service investment intensity and firm performance.Based on these findings,this paper developed recommendations for managers of manufacturing firms.
文摘Introduction:Innovation is the creation of new products,services,processes or systems that first begin with a thought and is put into operation after successful implementation.This research aims to investigate the mediating role of innovation capabilities in relationship between strategic orientation and market performance in Tabriz state hospitals.Methods:This study is an applied research in terms of the purpose and it is a descriptive-correlative research in terms of methodology.The statistical population involves the staff of Tabriz state hospitals consisting 362 individuals who were selected randomly.A questionnaire was used to collect data from statistical sample.The strategic orientation was operationally defined based on Laek Cannon et al.’s(2011)model,innovation capabilities were defined based on Jimens-Jimens and Sanz Vale’s(2010)model and market performance was defined based on Hajipour et al.’s model(2012).Results:The results showed that the value of CHI SQUAR/DF for the estimated model is 0.817 which indicates the proper fitness of the model.Considering the standardized factor loads and meaningfulness coefficient it can be suggested that strategic orientation affects market performance with the mediating role of innovation capabilities.Meanwhile,the effect of strategic orientation and innovation capabilities on the market performance was confirmed based on the linear regression results.Conclusion:Innovation capabilities play an active role in the relationship between strategic orientation and market performance.Therefore,senior management of organizations needs to work to improve their performance by supporting the ability to innovate and formulating and implementing strategic orientations.
