Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the primary causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia, which has increasingly become resistant to macrolides, complicating treatment regimens, especially with the co-inf...Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the primary causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia, which has increasingly become resistant to macrolides, complicating treatment regimens, especially with the co-infection factor. Its worldwide prevalence has fluctuated due to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study investigated co-infection patterns in children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods: From June 2022 to December 2023, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Wuhan, China. We collected data on age, sex, clinical information, and pathogenic results. We also collected sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples to test respiratory pathogens and macrolide resistance using targeted microbial next-generation sequencing (tNGS). We analyzed the data using SPSS. Results: The study involved 417 patients diagnosed with MPP, of whom 86.33% had co-infections. Co-infections were notably linked to lobar pneumonia, prominent imaging shadows and higher macrolide resistance rate. Key bacterial pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, rhinoviruses, and human adenoviruses (HADV). In MPP cases, Candida albicans was the fungal pathogen related to co-infections. The co-infection with HADV and human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) correlated with prolonged fever, whereas Bordetella pertussis was linked to prolonged cough. In contrast, Candida albicans exhibited a weaker association with diffuse large-area infiltration on chest imaging, and its co-infection was less likely to result in severe disease. Conclusion: These results offer valuable insight into Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, highlighting the impact of co-infections on the disease’s clinical outcomes.展开更多
A 60-year-old female with post-concussion syndrome (PCS) presented with persistent cognitive deficits and functional limitations following a slip and fall. She underwent a multimodal therapeutic protocol including hyp...A 60-year-old female with post-concussion syndrome (PCS) presented with persistent cognitive deficits and functional limitations following a slip and fall. She underwent a multimodal therapeutic protocol including hyperbaric therapy (HBT), photobiomodulation (PBM), and molecular hydrogen (MH) therapy over 10 sessions. Pre- and post-treatment assessments demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function and neurophysiological markers, as evidenced by WAVi EEG and Trail Making Test (TMT) results. This case highlights the potential of a non-invasive, multimodal therapeutic approach to address persistent post-concussion symptoms, an area with limited effective interventions. Findings suggest that integrating these therapies into standard rehabilitation protocols may enhance recovery trajectories, particularly for patients with persistent cognitive symptoms. This case report explores the clinical course, treatment efficacy, and the potential for combining these therapies in addressing complex neurological recovery.展开更多
This case report examines the impact of mild hyperbaric oxygen therapy (mHBOT) on cognitive function and symptom relief in a 35-year-old male presenting with concussive symptoms (CS) following a motor vehicle accident...This case report examines the impact of mild hyperbaric oxygen therapy (mHBOT) on cognitive function and symptom relief in a 35-year-old male presenting with concussive symptoms (CS) following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). The patient underwent 10 mHBOT sessions over five weeks (40 minutes per session at 1.5 ATA with 32% oxygen). Post-treatment assessments revealed significant improvements, including an increase in P300 voltage from 4.2 µV to 9.2 µV, aligning with the normative range of 8 - 21 µV. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis demonstrated enhanced alpha and theta band activity, reflecting improved cognitive processing and attentional regulation. Clinically, the patient reported reduced headache severity, improved sleep quality, and decreased pain intensity. These findings suggest that mHBOT may support neuroplasticity, mitigate inflammation, and restore cognitive function in patients with CS. Further research, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), is warranted to validate mHBOT’s efficacy and explore its long-term benefits in traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation.展开更多
The articles on the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression(PSD)and the acupuncture treatment mechanism of PSD from January 2010 through to June 2020 were retrieved from China National knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wa...The articles on the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression(PSD)and the acupuncture treatment mechanism of PSD from January 2010 through to June 2020 were retrieved from China National knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP China Science-Technology and National Social Sciences Database.In summary,the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treatment of PSD is explained from the following three aspects:acupuncture regulating monoamine neurotransmitters,acupuncture regulating neurotrophic factors and acupuncture regulating cytokines.The limitation and prospects of the current researches are also put forward so as to provide the references and to determine the research direction in the future.展开更多
One unresolved issue of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP),which occurs in up to 40%of patients.Identification of risk factors for PEP is especially important in the fi...One unresolved issue of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP),which occurs in up to 40%of patients.Identification of risk factors for PEP is especially important in the field of ERCP practice because it may assist physicians in taking protective measures in situations with high risk.A decade ago,Freeman et al meticulously evaluated a large number of potentially relevant risk factors for PEP,which can be divided into patient-relat-ed and procedure-related issues.In this commentary, we summarize this classic article and reevaluate the risk factors for PEP from the current point of view.This is followed by assessment of strategies for prevention of PEP that can be divided into mechanical and pharmacologic methods.展开更多
AIM To investigate the post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(PCCRC) rate for high-definition(HD) colonoscopy compared with that for standard-definition colonoscopy reported previously.METHODS Using medical records at San...AIM To investigate the post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(PCCRC) rate for high-definition(HD) colonoscopy compared with that for standard-definition colonoscopy reported previously.METHODS Using medical records at Sano Hospital(SH) and Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital(DMUKH), we retrospectively obtained data on consecutive patients diagnosed as having CRC between January 2010 andDecember 2015. The definition of PCCRC was diagnosis of CRC between 7 and 36 mo after initial high-definition colonoscopy that had detected no cancer, and patients were divided into a PCCRC group and a non-PCCRC group. The primary outcome was the rate of PCCRC for HD colonoscopy. The secondary outcomes were factors associated with PCCRC and possible reason for occurrence of early and advanced PCCRC.RESULTS Among 892 CRC patients, 11 were diagnosed as having PCCRC and 881 had non-PCCRC. The PCCRC rate was 1.7%(8/471) at SH and 0.7%(3/421) at DMUKH. In comparison with the non-PCCRC group, the PCCRC group had a significantly higher preponderance of smaller tumors(39 mm vs 19 mm, P = 0.002), a shallower invasion depth(T1 rate, 25.4% vs 63.6%, P = 0.01), a non-polypoid macroscopic appearance(39.0% vs 85.7%, P = 0.02) and an earlier stage(59.7% vs 90.9%, P = 0.03). Possible reasons for PCCRC were "missed or new" in 9 patients(82%), "incomplete resection" in 1(9%), and "inadequate examination'" in 1(9%). Among 9 "missed or new" PCCRC, the leading cause was non-polypoid shape for early PCCRC and blinded location for advanced PCCRC.CONCLUSION The PCCRC rate for HD colonoscopy was 0.7%-1.7%, being lower than that for standard-definition colonoscopy(1.8%-9.0%) reported previously employing the same methodology.展开更多
The neuroprotective effect against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats exerted by delayed xenon post-conditioning is stronger than that produced by immediate xenon post-conditioning. However, the mechanism...The neuroprotective effect against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats exerted by delayed xenon post-conditioning is stronger than that produced by immediate xenon post-conditioning. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Activated microglia are the main inflammatory cell type in the nervous system. The release of pro-inflammatory factors following microglial activation can lead to spinal cord damage, and inhibition of microglial activation can relieve spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. To investigate how xenon regulates microglial activation and the release of inflammatory factors, a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by balloon occlusion of the infrarenal aorta. After establishment of the model, two interventions were given： （1） immediate xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% xenon for 1 hour, 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours; （2） delayed xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours, 50% xenon for 1 hour. At 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after reperfusion, hindlimb locomotor function was scored using the Jacobs locomotor scale. At 72 hours after reperfusion, interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 levels in the spinal cord of each group were measured using western blot assays. Iba1 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry and a western blot assay. The number of normal neurons at the injury site was quantified using hematoxylin-eosin staining. At 72 hours after reperfusion, delayed xenon post-conditioning remarkably enhanced hindlimb motor function, increased the number of normal neurons at the injury site, decreased Iba1 levels, and inhibited interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in the spinal cord.Immediate xenon post-conditioning did not noticeably affect the above-mentioned indexes. These findings indicate that delayed xenon post-conditioning after spinal cord injury improves the recovery of neurological function by reducing microglial activation and the release of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10.展开更多
Post-vasectomy pain syndrome remains one of the more challenging urological problems to manage. This can be a frustrating process for both the patient and clinician as there is no well-recognized diagnostic regimen or...Post-vasectomy pain syndrome remains one of the more challenging urological problems to manage. This can be a frustrating process for both the patient and clinician as there is no well-recognized diagnostic regimen or reliable effective treatment. Many of these patients will end up seeing physicians across many disciplines, further frustrating them. The etiology of post-vasectomy pain syndrome is not clearly delineated. Postulations include damage to the scrotal and spermatic cord nerve structures via inflammatory effects of the immune system, back pressure effects in the obstructed vas and epididymis, vascular stasis, nerve impingement, or perineural fibrosis. Post-vasectomy pain syndrome is defined as at least 3 months of chronic or intermittent scrotal content pain. This article reviews the current understanding of post-vasectomy pain syndrome, theories behind its pathophysiology, evaluation pathways, and treatment options.展开更多
Through the introduction of disaster situation of Qiang Culture after Wenchuan Earthquake, the paper emphasized that carriers of Qiang Culture had been seriously damaged, the inheritance of Qiang Culture had been affe...Through the introduction of disaster situation of Qiang Culture after Wenchuan Earthquake, the paper emphasized that carriers of Qiang Culture had been seriously damaged, the inheritance of Qiang Culture had been affected, and the environment for Qiang Culture was difficult to recover. It highlighted that three-dimensional reconstruction of Qiang Culture should stress the core task and timely and effectively rescue endangered cultural heritages of Qiang Nationality from the perspectives of material and spiritual life. It had explained focuses of three-dimensional pattern construction in detail. In terms of spatial reconstruction, it should reconstruct native culture and history while material culture was constructed, and reconstruct Qiang culture highland by depending on aborigines; in terms of cluster reconstruction, it should give support to large tourism enterprises and perfect tourism chain; in terms of ecological reconstruction, it should enhance construction and demonstration of "ecological protection pilot area of Qiang culture"; in terms of development reconstruction, it should realize coordinated unity between protection and development according to classification protection, characteristic protection and key protection, so as to form the virtuous circle of post-disaster recovery protection and sustainable development.展开更多
文摘Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the primary causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia, which has increasingly become resistant to macrolides, complicating treatment regimens, especially with the co-infection factor. Its worldwide prevalence has fluctuated due to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study investigated co-infection patterns in children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods: From June 2022 to December 2023, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Wuhan, China. We collected data on age, sex, clinical information, and pathogenic results. We also collected sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples to test respiratory pathogens and macrolide resistance using targeted microbial next-generation sequencing (tNGS). We analyzed the data using SPSS. Results: The study involved 417 patients diagnosed with MPP, of whom 86.33% had co-infections. Co-infections were notably linked to lobar pneumonia, prominent imaging shadows and higher macrolide resistance rate. Key bacterial pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, rhinoviruses, and human adenoviruses (HADV). In MPP cases, Candida albicans was the fungal pathogen related to co-infections. The co-infection with HADV and human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) correlated with prolonged fever, whereas Bordetella pertussis was linked to prolonged cough. In contrast, Candida albicans exhibited a weaker association with diffuse large-area infiltration on chest imaging, and its co-infection was less likely to result in severe disease. Conclusion: These results offer valuable insight into Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, highlighting the impact of co-infections on the disease’s clinical outcomes.
文摘A 60-year-old female with post-concussion syndrome (PCS) presented with persistent cognitive deficits and functional limitations following a slip and fall. She underwent a multimodal therapeutic protocol including hyperbaric therapy (HBT), photobiomodulation (PBM), and molecular hydrogen (MH) therapy over 10 sessions. Pre- and post-treatment assessments demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function and neurophysiological markers, as evidenced by WAVi EEG and Trail Making Test (TMT) results. This case highlights the potential of a non-invasive, multimodal therapeutic approach to address persistent post-concussion symptoms, an area with limited effective interventions. Findings suggest that integrating these therapies into standard rehabilitation protocols may enhance recovery trajectories, particularly for patients with persistent cognitive symptoms. This case report explores the clinical course, treatment efficacy, and the potential for combining these therapies in addressing complex neurological recovery.
文摘This case report examines the impact of mild hyperbaric oxygen therapy (mHBOT) on cognitive function and symptom relief in a 35-year-old male presenting with concussive symptoms (CS) following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). The patient underwent 10 mHBOT sessions over five weeks (40 minutes per session at 1.5 ATA with 32% oxygen). Post-treatment assessments revealed significant improvements, including an increase in P300 voltage from 4.2 µV to 9.2 µV, aligning with the normative range of 8 - 21 µV. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis demonstrated enhanced alpha and theta band activity, reflecting improved cognitive processing and attentional regulation. Clinically, the patient reported reduced headache severity, improved sleep quality, and decreased pain intensity. These findings suggest that mHBOT may support neuroplasticity, mitigate inflammation, and restore cognitive function in patients with CS. Further research, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), is warranted to validate mHBOT’s efficacy and explore its long-term benefits in traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation.
文摘The articles on the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression(PSD)and the acupuncture treatment mechanism of PSD from January 2010 through to June 2020 were retrieved from China National knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP China Science-Technology and National Social Sciences Database.In summary,the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treatment of PSD is explained from the following three aspects:acupuncture regulating monoamine neurotransmitters,acupuncture regulating neurotrophic factors and acupuncture regulating cytokines.The limitation and prospects of the current researches are also put forward so as to provide the references and to determine the research direction in the future.
文摘One unresolved issue of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP),which occurs in up to 40%of patients.Identification of risk factors for PEP is especially important in the field of ERCP practice because it may assist physicians in taking protective measures in situations with high risk.A decade ago,Freeman et al meticulously evaluated a large number of potentially relevant risk factors for PEP,which can be divided into patient-relat-ed and procedure-related issues.In this commentary, we summarize this classic article and reevaluate the risk factors for PEP from the current point of view.This is followed by assessment of strategies for prevention of PEP that can be divided into mechanical and pharmacologic methods.
文摘AIM To investigate the post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(PCCRC) rate for high-definition(HD) colonoscopy compared with that for standard-definition colonoscopy reported previously.METHODS Using medical records at Sano Hospital(SH) and Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital(DMUKH), we retrospectively obtained data on consecutive patients diagnosed as having CRC between January 2010 andDecember 2015. The definition of PCCRC was diagnosis of CRC between 7 and 36 mo after initial high-definition colonoscopy that had detected no cancer, and patients were divided into a PCCRC group and a non-PCCRC group. The primary outcome was the rate of PCCRC for HD colonoscopy. The secondary outcomes were factors associated with PCCRC and possible reason for occurrence of early and advanced PCCRC.RESULTS Among 892 CRC patients, 11 were diagnosed as having PCCRC and 881 had non-PCCRC. The PCCRC rate was 1.7%(8/471) at SH and 0.7%(3/421) at DMUKH. In comparison with the non-PCCRC group, the PCCRC group had a significantly higher preponderance of smaller tumors(39 mm vs 19 mm, P = 0.002), a shallower invasion depth(T1 rate, 25.4% vs 63.6%, P = 0.01), a non-polypoid macroscopic appearance(39.0% vs 85.7%, P = 0.02) and an earlier stage(59.7% vs 90.9%, P = 0.03). Possible reasons for PCCRC were "missed or new" in 9 patients(82%), "incomplete resection" in 1(9%), and "inadequate examination'" in 1(9%). Among 9 "missed or new" PCCRC, the leading cause was non-polypoid shape for early PCCRC and blinded location for advanced PCCRC.CONCLUSION The PCCRC rate for HD colonoscopy was 0.7%-1.7%, being lower than that for standard-definition colonoscopy(1.8%-9.0%) reported previously employing the same methodology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271387the Research Special Fund of Public Welfare and Health Department of China,No.201402009a grant form the National Key Technology R&D Program in China,No.Z141107002514031
文摘The neuroprotective effect against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats exerted by delayed xenon post-conditioning is stronger than that produced by immediate xenon post-conditioning. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Activated microglia are the main inflammatory cell type in the nervous system. The release of pro-inflammatory factors following microglial activation can lead to spinal cord damage, and inhibition of microglial activation can relieve spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. To investigate how xenon regulates microglial activation and the release of inflammatory factors, a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by balloon occlusion of the infrarenal aorta. After establishment of the model, two interventions were given： （1） immediate xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% xenon for 1 hour, 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours; （2） delayed xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours, 50% xenon for 1 hour. At 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after reperfusion, hindlimb locomotor function was scored using the Jacobs locomotor scale. At 72 hours after reperfusion, interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 levels in the spinal cord of each group were measured using western blot assays. Iba1 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry and a western blot assay. The number of normal neurons at the injury site was quantified using hematoxylin-eosin staining. At 72 hours after reperfusion, delayed xenon post-conditioning remarkably enhanced hindlimb motor function, increased the number of normal neurons at the injury site, decreased Iba1 levels, and inhibited interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in the spinal cord.Immediate xenon post-conditioning did not noticeably affect the above-mentioned indexes. These findings indicate that delayed xenon post-conditioning after spinal cord injury improves the recovery of neurological function by reducing microglial activation and the release of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10.
文摘Post-vasectomy pain syndrome remains one of the more challenging urological problems to manage. This can be a frustrating process for both the patient and clinician as there is no well-recognized diagnostic regimen or reliable effective treatment. Many of these patients will end up seeing physicians across many disciplines, further frustrating them. The etiology of post-vasectomy pain syndrome is not clearly delineated. Postulations include damage to the scrotal and spermatic cord nerve structures via inflammatory effects of the immune system, back pressure effects in the obstructed vas and epididymis, vascular stasis, nerve impingement, or perineural fibrosis. Post-vasectomy pain syndrome is defined as at least 3 months of chronic or intermittent scrotal content pain. This article reviews the current understanding of post-vasectomy pain syndrome, theories behind its pathophysiology, evaluation pathways, and treatment options.
文摘Through the introduction of disaster situation of Qiang Culture after Wenchuan Earthquake, the paper emphasized that carriers of Qiang Culture had been seriously damaged, the inheritance of Qiang Culture had been affected, and the environment for Qiang Culture was difficult to recover. It highlighted that three-dimensional reconstruction of Qiang Culture should stress the core task and timely and effectively rescue endangered cultural heritages of Qiang Nationality from the perspectives of material and spiritual life. It had explained focuses of three-dimensional pattern construction in detail. In terms of spatial reconstruction, it should reconstruct native culture and history while material culture was constructed, and reconstruct Qiang culture highland by depending on aborigines; in terms of cluster reconstruction, it should give support to large tourism enterprises and perfect tourism chain; in terms of ecological reconstruction, it should enhance construction and demonstration of "ecological protection pilot area of Qiang culture"; in terms of development reconstruction, it should realize coordinated unity between protection and development according to classification protection, characteristic protection and key protection, so as to form the virtuous circle of post-disaster recovery protection and sustainable development.
