The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the cont...The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the control point for physico-chemical investigation using sterilized glass bottles. Sampling was carried out upstream and downstream on the Santa Barbara River across the stations and the results are as follows surface water pH ranged 6.90 - 7.50, electrical conductivity 19739.41 μS/cm - 28920.64 μS/cm and Chloride 6019.63 - 9274.82 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) varied from 10472.72 mg/l - 16538.19 mg/l dissolved oxygen (DO) 6.21 mg/l - 7.371 mg/l while the mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 0.09 ± 0.52 mg/l - 2.4 ± 0.81 mg/l, temperature 28.04℃ - 31.79℃ while total alkalinity is 43.95 mg/L -73.87 mg/L. Calcium ion ranged 375.68 mg/l - 536.72 mg/l, Magnesium ion 88.35 - 243.24 mg/l and Potassium ion 41.27 - 121.17 mg/l. The results of the study showed that the pH, salinity, alkalinity, total suspended solids (TSS), Chlorides, Phosphates, and Nitrates are within permissible limits of the WHO, however the electrical conductivity, TDS, turbidity, DO, BOD, and hardness exceeded WHO permissible limits for drinking water. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Heavy metals had low concentrations in the Santa Barbara River across the study area suggesting that surface water is not polluted. However, the surfactants used initially to contain the oil pollution were effective based on this research.展开更多
The recently confirmed Hapcheon impact crater in Korea is a complex impact structure 7 km in diameter,with clear rims and impact-driven underground lacustrine sedimentary features.We investigated the lithological feat...The recently confirmed Hapcheon impact crater in Korea is a complex impact structure 7 km in diameter,with clear rims and impact-driven underground lacustrine sedimentary features.We investigated the lithological features of deposits within the impact crater using drilled sedimentary cores(23HIC01,20CR05,20CR09,and 20CR10),which consisted of an ascending order of impact breccias,lake sediments,and subaerial(e.g.,wetland)sediments.The impact breccia deposits in the 20CR05 and 23HIC01 cores contain shatter cones,which are a macroscopic indication of a meteorite impact.The overlying lake sediments were divided into three stages.The early stage of the post-impact lake environment corresponded to the lowermost lake sediments with frequent microfaults and slump-turbidite events.This stage is characterized by high calcite content of up to 13%.The middle stage showed a stable depositional environment,with silty to sandy lamination and bedding,and fewer microfaults.The final stage of the post-impact lake environment appears to have been very short and dramatic.This ended with the final slumping event,which appears to have been triggered by an abrupt outburst of lake water.This study demonstrates early post-impact lake sedimentation processes and crater instability in terms of soft-sediment deformation structures(e.g.,microfaults and slumps).展开更多
文摘The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the control point for physico-chemical investigation using sterilized glass bottles. Sampling was carried out upstream and downstream on the Santa Barbara River across the stations and the results are as follows surface water pH ranged 6.90 - 7.50, electrical conductivity 19739.41 μS/cm - 28920.64 μS/cm and Chloride 6019.63 - 9274.82 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) varied from 10472.72 mg/l - 16538.19 mg/l dissolved oxygen (DO) 6.21 mg/l - 7.371 mg/l while the mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 0.09 ± 0.52 mg/l - 2.4 ± 0.81 mg/l, temperature 28.04℃ - 31.79℃ while total alkalinity is 43.95 mg/L -73.87 mg/L. Calcium ion ranged 375.68 mg/l - 536.72 mg/l, Magnesium ion 88.35 - 243.24 mg/l and Potassium ion 41.27 - 121.17 mg/l. The results of the study showed that the pH, salinity, alkalinity, total suspended solids (TSS), Chlorides, Phosphates, and Nitrates are within permissible limits of the WHO, however the electrical conductivity, TDS, turbidity, DO, BOD, and hardness exceeded WHO permissible limits for drinking water. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Heavy metals had low concentrations in the Santa Barbara River across the study area suggesting that surface water is not polluted. However, the surfactants used initially to contain the oil pollution were effective based on this research.
基金supported by the Basic Research Project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(GP2022-006[24-3111-3]and GP2022-005[24-3807])。
文摘The recently confirmed Hapcheon impact crater in Korea is a complex impact structure 7 km in diameter,with clear rims and impact-driven underground lacustrine sedimentary features.We investigated the lithological features of deposits within the impact crater using drilled sedimentary cores(23HIC01,20CR05,20CR09,and 20CR10),which consisted of an ascending order of impact breccias,lake sediments,and subaerial(e.g.,wetland)sediments.The impact breccia deposits in the 20CR05 and 23HIC01 cores contain shatter cones,which are a macroscopic indication of a meteorite impact.The overlying lake sediments were divided into three stages.The early stage of the post-impact lake environment corresponded to the lowermost lake sediments with frequent microfaults and slump-turbidite events.This stage is characterized by high calcite content of up to 13%.The middle stage showed a stable depositional environment,with silty to sandy lamination and bedding,and fewer microfaults.The final stage of the post-impact lake environment appears to have been very short and dramatic.This ended with the final slumping event,which appears to have been triggered by an abrupt outburst of lake water.This study demonstrates early post-impact lake sedimentation processes and crater instability in terms of soft-sediment deformation structures(e.g.,microfaults and slumps).
